[tzdb] Replace shared_mutex with mutex. (#87929)

The overhead of taking a std::mutex is much lower than taking a reader
lock on a shared mutex, even under heavy contention.

The benefit of shared_mutex only occurs as the amount of
time spent in the critical sections grows large enough.

In our case all we do is read a pointer and return the lock.
As a result, using a shared lock can be ~50%-100% slower

Here are the results for the provided benchmark on my machine:

```
2024-04-07T12:48:51-04:00
Running ./libcxx/benchmarks/shared_mutex_vs_mutex.libcxx.out
Run on (12 X 400 MHz CPU s)
CPU Caches:
  L1 Data 32 KiB (x6)
  L1 Instruction 32 KiB (x6)
  L2 Unified 1024 KiB (x6)
  L3 Unified 32768 KiB (x1)
Load Average: 2.70, 2.70, 1.63
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark                           Time             CPU   Iterations
---------------------------------------------------------------------
BM_shared_mutex/threads:1        13.9 ns         13.9 ns     50533700
BM_shared_mutex/threads:2        34.5 ns         68.9 ns      9957784
BM_shared_mutex/threads:4        38.4 ns          137 ns      4987772
BM_shared_mutex/threads:8        51.1 ns          358 ns      1974160
BM_shared_mutex/threads:32       57.1 ns          682 ns      1043648
BM_mutex/threads:1               5.54 ns         5.53 ns    125867422
BM_mutex/threads:2               15.5 ns         30.9 ns     21830116
BM_mutex/threads:4               15.4 ns         57.2 ns     12136920
BM_mutex/threads:8               19.3 ns          140 ns      4997080
BM_mutex/threads:32              20.8 ns          252 ns      2859808
```
3 files changed
tree: 257709dccd655f68bb84255e180aa49929ec4d73
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. libc/
  11. libclc/
  12. libcxx/
  13. libcxxabi/
  14. libunwind/
  15. lld/
  16. lldb/
  17. llvm/
  18. llvm-libgcc/
  19. mlir/
  20. offload/
  21. openmp/
  22. polly/
  23. pstl/
  24. runtimes/
  25. third-party/
  26. utils/
  27. .clang-format
  28. .clang-tidy
  29. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  30. .gitattributes
  31. .gitignore
  32. .mailmap
  33. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  34. CONTRIBUTING.md
  35. LICENSE.TXT
  36. pyproject.toml
  37. README.md
  38. SECURITY.md
README.md

The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure

OpenSSF Scorecard OpenSSF Best Practices libc++

Welcome to the LLVM project!

This repository contains the source code for LLVM, a toolkit for the construction of highly optimized compilers, optimizers, and run-time environments.

The LLVM project has multiple components. The core of the project is itself called “LLVM”. This contains all of the tools, libraries, and header files needed to process intermediate representations and convert them into object files. Tools include an assembler, disassembler, bitcode analyzer, and bitcode optimizer.

C-like languages use the Clang frontend. This component compiles C, C++, Objective-C, and Objective-C++ code into LLVM bitcode -- and from there into object files, using LLVM.

Other components include: the libc++ C++ standard library, the LLD linker, and more.

Getting the Source Code and Building LLVM

Consult the Getting Started with LLVM page for information on building and running LLVM.

For information on how to contribute to the LLVM project, please take a look at the Contributing to LLVM guide.

Getting in touch

Join the LLVM Discourse forums, Discord chat, LLVM Office Hours or Regular sync-ups.

The LLVM project has adopted a code of conduct for participants to all modes of communication within the project.