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Praxis Works Uses Hinged Gears to Create Unique Prototype HiT Transmission

Praxis Hit prototype transmission on calfee custom bike
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“What’s the most interesting thing you’ve seen?” That’s always a popular question at trade shows. This year at Sea Otter, I found myself coming back to the HiT or Hinged Transmission from Praxis as the answer.

Praxis has been working on their gearbox for quite a while at this point, and it’s still thoroughly in the prototype phase. As they tell it, they were ready to show it to the world in hopes that they may find a partner in the industry that wants to integrate it into their bikes and help bring it to production.

They do have a number of working prototypes at this point, including a number of custom bikes that have been built around it from super commuters like the Calfee above, to full-suspension mountain bikes. One of the big advantages to the design is that the input and output for the gearbox can be located in different locations. That allows for outputs that are concentric with the input, or not, placing it higher in the case of a high pivot MTB for example.

The gearbox gets its name from the hinged, folding gear clusters that are essentially two gears in one. There is a smaller inner gear, and a larger outer gear that is hinged, and that outer gear ‘folds’ over as it rotates, which allows the chain to either drop from the large to small, or climb from small to large – all under extreme load. Praxis’ design engineer mentioned that it works so well under power, that you almost have to retrain your brain to keep pedaling while you shift.

That shifting can also be sequential or non-sequential with programmable electric shifting that can be programmed, or set up as fully automatic. Gearing is a function of the number of gear clusters, with total speeds ranging from 4 to 16.

Praxis also mentioned that compared to the prototype, they think the number of parts in production could be cut to half. That could result in a transmission with fewer parts than a regular drivetrain, and it’s built for serviceability with the ability to replace individual parts.

In terms of size, the current limiting factor is the chain. Praxis states that if they went to a custom chain, it could be made smaller by about 25%, potentially reducing the size of the whole unit.

Already granted multiple patents with more on the way, Praxis plans to integrate the transmission with an ebike motor as the next step. Currently, it’s just Praxis working on the project, but after seeing it in person, it seems more than likely they’ll find someone to partner with in the near future. For more details, check out the Praxis Works mini-site.

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19 Comments
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Dave Barnes
Dave Barnes
21 days ago

Seems like extra complication for no reason.

Brodirt
Brodirt
20 days ago

What problem is this solving?

WhateverBikes
20 days ago
Reply to  Brodirt

It is not yet solving anything, as it is a prototype, but it’s not hard to see what aspects of a conventional drivetrain could be improved.
Closed system, so no mud, dirt, dus, water making the drivetrain less efficient.
Straight chain line, so no inefficient crossed chain on many of the cogs.
Smooth shifting under full power.
Enclosed, so way less vulnerable to rock strikes etc.
No chain slap.
Maintenance friendlier.

I love my old fashioned, mechanical drivetrain, but let’s not act as if those don’t have some serious downsides.
I have yet to ride any gearbox that feels and functions in a way a like, and doesn’t have noticeable drag, but potentially it clearly is the more logical, ‘better’ solution.

Deputy Dawg
Deputy Dawg
20 days ago
Reply to  Brodirt

Maybe the potential large reduction in unsprung weight and the attendant improvement in rear suspension improvement? It DOES look like it has a ways to go…..

Kool Stop Tyre Lever Sales Dept.
Kool Stop Tyre Lever Sales Dept.
20 days ago
Reply to  Brodirt

It is trying to bring the Browning system into the modern age.

http://classiccycleus.com/browning-smartshift/#

Sprawl
Sprawl
20 days ago

Mesmerising to watch. I’ve been dreaming of folding cogs like this for years! You don’t need a big cluster of gears if you can unfold gears into the chain line.

TypeVertigo
18 days ago
Reply to  Sprawl

I wonder how they’d incorporate more physical gear steps. With electronics controlling the folding and unfolding of the cogs and theoretically keeping the mechanism reliable, it’d be interesting to see how Praxis works up to their 16-speed claimed limit.

Dockboy
Dockboy
11 days ago
Reply to  TypeVertigo

I think they’d have two 2×2 drivetrains – so two pairs of the hinged cog/fixed cog/special chain assemblies, in series.
The crank power comes in, turning one of the novel cogs here. This moves a chain that turns another novel cog. Each of the novel cogs is 2 speed, so 2×2=4. The second novel cog turns the third novel cog, moving chain 2, and turning the final novel cog. Another 2×2=4

4×4=16 speeds total. Actual useful range and spacing matter, tho.

TypeVertigo
19 days ago

If I’m reading this right – Praxis would like to introduce a smaller chain than what already exists currently (3/32″ if I’m not mistaken) to further shrink down this gearbox?

Very interesting. I’m guessing it can effectively be a single-speed chain since the “shifting” happens inside the enclosure, and if it doesn’t even need to interface with anything external, then it should be fine.

tertius_decimus
tertius_decimus
19 days ago
Reply to  TypeVertigo

Shimano Dura Ace 10-pitch: am I joke to you?

satanas
satanas
19 days ago

This is interesting but from the video it appears that one pair of gear clusters gives 2 gears – the chain is on either the two smaller cogs or the two larger cogs. They’re saying 4-16 speeds, which implies multiple sets of gear clusters, and some way to switch between them – or else epicyclic gearing as well, or ???

The other big questions are:
1. What happens to the Q factor and biomechanics?
2. Does the Q increase with more gears, as would seem likely?
3. How large or small can the gaps between the gears be?

TypeVertigo
18 days ago
Reply to  satanas

Good questions all. I’m assuming they worked out the potential gear steps in CAD or something, but restricted the physical prototype to something simpler so that the concept can be practically demonstrated and kept relatively simple.

Alan
Alan
18 days ago
Reply to  satanas

The two pairs as shown give you 4 speeds. Either end can have the fixed/small gear or the large/hinged gear engaged at any one time. I assume that to get more combos that they’d add more, concentric hinged gears in the same basic arrangement as shown. Not sure though and am curious to see how they’d do it.

Love this innovation. In college studying mechanical engineering I was interested in transmission alternatives and dug into all the books I could find in the technical library. At the time I figured CVTs were the way to go. Efficiency and weight are always the kicker with these things. This approach keeps the efficiency pretty high, and consistent. Nice work.

Jason
Jason
17 days ago
Reply to  satanas

Seems like they would just need to add two more clusters on the idler cog and gear output cog. This would give you 16 different combinations. Not sure if there would be any overlap in the gearing.

King County
King County
19 days ago

Rumor has it is that Wolf Tooth is already developing oval gear cluster replacements as an upgrade for this Praxxis gear box. j/k

Sajuuk
Sajuuk
12 days ago
Reply to  King County

Absolute Black: “Hold my beer!”

Last edited 12 days ago by Sajuuk
pmurf
pmurf
19 days ago

Really cool innovation here. As I understand, one of the biggest issues with traditional gearboxes using spur/planetary architectures is friction. This system seems to limit friction to no more than an external drivetrain – perhaps less, as no lateral/twisting forces occur in the shift like a derailleu – just an inline step up/step down. I’ll be curious to see if they pass prosecution and get patents awarded – I can’t imagine NO ONE has tried to patent something similar in the past. Regardless, a very innovative and potentially beneficial effort on PRAXIS’ part. Good for them!

David
David
19 days ago

Keep it simple, stupid.

Monty
Monty
19 days ago

The Pete Speed gearbox and Browning front system are watching with interest…

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