MySQL的单表查询

前面的建库和插入我已经做好了，现在可以看一下结构和数据

（1）.显示所有员工的信息

mysql> use mydb8_worker;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_mydb8_worker |
+------------------------+
| t_worker               |
+------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select  *from t_worker;
+---------------+-----------+-------------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+
| department_id | worker_id | worker_date | wages    | politics | name      | borth_date |
+---------------+-----------+-------------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+
|           101 |      1001 | 2015-05-04  |  7500.00 | 群众     | 张春燕    | 1990-07-01 |
|           101 |      1002 | 2019-02-06  |  5200.00 | 团员     | 李名博    | 1997-02-08 |
|           102 |      1003 | 2008-01-04  | 10500.00 | 党员     | 王博涵    | 1983-06-08 |
|           102 |      1004 | 2014-10-10  |  5500.00 | 党员     | 赵小军    | 1994-09-05 |
|           102 |      1005 | 2014-04-01  |  8800.00 | 党员     | 钱有财    | 1992-12-30 |
|           103 |      1006 | 2019-05-05  |  5500.00 | 党员     | 孙菲霏    | 1996-09-02 |
+---------------+-----------+-------------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 （2）.查询所有职工所属部门的部门号，不显示重复的部门号。

不重复就需要在select  后加一个distinct

mysql> select distinct  department_id from t_worker ;
+---------------+
| department_id |
+---------------+
|           101 |
|           102 |
|           103 |
+---------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

（3）、求出所有职工的人数。

mysql> select count(*) from t_worker;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        6 |
+----------+

(4)、列出最高工和最低工资。

mysql> select max(wages) '最高工资' ,min(wages) '最低工资' from t_worker;
+--------------+--------------+
| 最高工资     | 最低工资     |
+--------------+--------------+
|     10500.00 |      5200.00 |
+--------------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

(5)、列出职工的平均工资和总工资。

mysql> select sum(wages)'总工资',avg(wages)'平均工资' from t_worker;
+-----------+--------------+
| 总工资    | 平均工资     |
+-----------+--------------+
|  43000.00 |  7166.666667 |
+-----------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

如果我们想后面的小数点小一点，可以用round()函数进行调整

mysql> select sum(wages)'总工资',round(avg(wages),2)'平均工资' from t_worker;
+-----------+--------------+
| 总工资    | 平均工资     |
+-----------+--------------+
|  43000.00 |      7166.67 |
+-----------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

(6)、创建一个只有职工号、姓名和参加工作的新表，名为工作日期表。

mysql> create table t_workdate select department_id, name,worker_date  from t_worker;
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> show tables;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_mydb8_worker |
+------------------------+
| t_workdate             |
| t_worker               |
+------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc t_workdate;
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field         | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| department_id | int         | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| name          | varchar(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| worker_date   | date        | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select *from t_workdate;
+---------------+-----------+-------------+
| department_id | name      | worker_date |
+---------------+-----------+-------------+
|           101 | 张春燕    | 2015-05-04  |
|           101 | 李名博    | 2019-02-06  |
|           102 | 王博涵    | 2008-01-04  |
|           102 | 赵小军    | 2014-10-10  |
|           102 | 钱有财    | 2014-04-01  |
|           103 | 孙菲霏    | 2019-05-05  |
+---------------+-----------+-------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(7)、显示所有党员的年龄。

mysql> select name, politics,year(now())-year(borth_date) '年龄' from t_worker where  politics='党员';
+-----------+----------+--------+
| name      | politics | 年龄   |
+-----------+----------+--------+
| 王博涵    | 党员     |     42 |
| 赵小军    | 党员     |     31 |
| 钱有财    | 党员     |     33 |
| 孙菲霏    | 党员     |     29 |
+-----------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

显示所有党员的年龄我们可以用year()函数，将两个时间段带进可以求出。如果不加year()函数进行修饰，只用now()-borth_date()，那么它的结果会是年加上日期，如图（这个是入职日期-出生日期）：

mysql> select name, politics,worker_date-borth_date '年龄' from t_worker where  politics='党员';
+-----------+----------+--------+
| name      | politics | 年龄   |
+-----------+----------+--------+
| 王博涵    | 党员     | 249496 |
| 赵小军    | 党员     | 200105 |
| 钱有财    | 党员     | 219171 |
| 孙菲霏    | 党员     | 229603 |
+-----------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(8)、列出工资在4000-8000之间的所有职工姓名

mysql> select name from t_worker where wages>=4000  and wages<=8000;
+-----------+
| name      |
+-----------+
| 张春燕    |
| 李名博    |
| 赵小军    |
| 孙菲霏    |
+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(9)、列出所有孙姓和李姓的职工姓名。

mysql> select name from t_worker where name like '孙%' or  name like  '李%';
+-----------+
| name      |
+-----------+
| 李名博    |
| 孙菲霏    |
+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(10)、列出所有部门号为102和103日不是党员的职工号、姓名。

mysql> select worker_id '职工号', name '姓名' from t_worker where department_id!=102 and department_id !=103 and politics !='党员';
+-----------+-----------+
| 职工号    | 姓名      |
+-----------+-----------+
|      1001 | 张春燕    |
|      1002 | 李名博    |
+-----------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(11)、将职工表t worker中的职工按出生的先后顺序排序。

mysql> select *from t_worker order by  borth_date ;
+---------------+-----------+-------------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+
| department_id | worker_id | worker_date | wages    | politics | name      | borth_date |
+---------------+-----------+-------------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+
|           102 |      1003 | 2008-01-04  | 10500.00 | 党员     | 王博涵    | 1983-06-08 |
|           101 |      1001 | 2015-05-04  |  7500.00 | 群众     | 张春燕    | 1990-07-01 |
|           102 |      1005 | 2014-04-01  |  8800.00 | 党员     | 钱有财    | 1992-12-30 |
|           102 |      1004 | 2014-10-10  |  5500.00 | 党员     | 赵小军    | 1994-09-05 |
|           103 |      1006 | 2019-05-05  |  5500.00 | 党员     | 孙菲霏    | 1996-09-02 |
|           101 |      1002 | 2019-02-06  |  5200.00 | 团员     | 李名博    | 1997-02-08 |
+---------------+-----------+-------------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(12)、显示工资最高的前3名职工的职工号和姓名。

mysql> select name from t_worker order by wages desc limit 3;
+-----------+
| name      |
+-----------+
| 王博涵    |
| 钱有财    |
| 张春燕    |
+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(13)、求出各部门党员的人数。

mysql> select  department_id,count(1) from  t_worker where politics='党员' group by department_id;
+---------------+----------+
| department_id | count(1) |
+---------------+----------+
|           102 |        3 |
|           103 |        1 |
+---------------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(14)、统计各部门的工资和平均工资并保留2位小数

mysql> select   department_id ,sum(wages)'总工资',round(avg(wages),2)'平均工资' from  t_worker group by department_id;
+---------------+-----------+--------------+
| department_id | 总工资    | 平均工资     |
+---------------+-----------+--------------+
|           101 |  12700.00 |         6350 |
|           102 |  24800.00 |      8266.67 |
|           103 |   5500.00 |         5500 |
+---------------+-----------+--------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(15)、列出总人数大于等于3的部门号和总人数。

mysql> select  department_id,count(1)'人数' from t_worker group by department_id having count(1)>=3;
+---------------+--------+
| department_id | 人数   |
+---------------+--------+
|           102 |      3 |
+---------------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)