来到新的城市游玩，第一件事找喝酒的地方。我需要快速了解该城市的酒吧分布情况。正好前一段时间写了一篇使用R语言获取OSM数据的教程。今天就进行一个实践：找到吉林省长春市的酒吧，冲冲冲！
R语言中的osmdata 包提供有关全球各种空间属性和对象的空间数据。下面贴出可获取的各类数据：
## [1] "4wd_only" "abandoned"
## [3] "abutters" "access"
## [5] "addr" "addr:city"
## [7] "addr:conscriptionnumber" "addr:country"
## [9] "addr:county" "addr:district"
## [11] "addr:flats" "addr:full"
## [13] "addr:hamlet" "addr:housename"
## [15] "addr:housenumber" "addr:inclusion"
## [17] "addr:interpolation" "addr:place"
## [19] "addr:postbox" "addr:postcode"
## [21] "addr:province" "addr:state"
## [23] "addr:street" "addr:subdistrict"
## [25] "addr:suburb" "addr:unit"
## [27] "admin_level" "aeroway"
## [29] "agricultural" "alt_name"
## [31] "amenity" "area"
## [33] "atv" "backward"
## [35] "barrier" "basin"
## [37] "bdouble" "bicycle"
## [39] "bicycle_road" "biergarten"
## [41] "boat" "border_type"
## [43] "boundary" "brand"
## [45] "bridge" "building"
## [47] "building:colour" "building:fireproof"
## [49] "building:flats" "building:levels"
## [51] "building:material" "building:min_level"
## [53] "building:part" "building:soft_storey"
## [55] "bus_bay" "busway"
## [57] "capacity" "castle_type"
## [59] "change" "charge"
## [61] "clothes" "construction"
## [63] "construction#Railways" "covered"
## [65] "craft" "crossing"
## [67] "crossing:island" "cuisine"
## [69] "cutting" "cycleway"
## [71] "denomination" "destination"
## [73] "diet" "direction"
## [75] "dispensing" "disused"
## [77] "drinking_water" "drive_in"
## [79] "drive_through" "ele"
## [81] "electric_bicycle" "electrified"
## [83] "embankment" "embedded_rails"
## [85] "emergency" "end_date"
## [87] "entrance" "est_width"
## [89] "fee" "female"
## [91] "fire_object:type" "fire_operator"
## [93] "fire_rank" "foot"
## [95] "footway" "ford"
## [97] "forestry" "forward"
## [99] "frequency" "fuel"
## [101] "gauge" "golf_cart"
## [103] "goods" "hazard"
## [105] "hazmat" "healthcare"
## [107] "healthcare:counselling" "healthcare:speciality"
## [109] "height" "hgv"
## [111] "highway" "historic"
## [113] "horse" "hot_water"
## [115] "ice_road" "incline"
## [117] "industrial" "inline_skates"
## [119] "inscription" "int_name"
## [121] "internet_access" "junction"
## [123] "kerb" "landuse"
## [125] "lanes" "lanes:bus"
## [127] "lanes:psv" "layer"
## [129] "leaf_cycle" "leaf_type"
## [131] "leisure" "lhv"
## [133] "lit" "loc_name"
## [135] "location" "male"
## [137] "man_made" "max_age"
## [139] "max_level" "maxaxleload"
## [141] "maxheight" "maxlength"
## [143] "maxspeed" "maxstay"
## [145] "maxweight" "maxwidth"
## [147] "military" "min_age"
## [149] "min_level" "minspeed"
## [151] "mofa" "moped"
## [153] "motor_vehicle" "motorboat"
## [155] "motorcar" "motorcycle"
## [157] "motorroad" "mountain_pass"
## [159] "mtb:description" "mtb:scale"
## [161] "name" "name:left"
## [163] "name:right" "name_1"
## [165] "name_2" "narrow"
## [167] "nat_name" "natural"
## [169] "noexit" "non_existent_levels"
## [171] "nudism" "office"
## [173] "official_name" "old_name"
## [175] "oneway" "opening_hours"
## [177] "opening_hours:drive_through" "operator"
## [179] "orientation" "oven"
## [181] "overtaking" "parking"
## [183] "parking:condition" "parking:lane"
## [185] "passing_places" "place"
## [187] "power" "power_supply"
## [189] "priority" "priority_road"
## [191] "produce" "proposed"
## [193] "protected_area" "psv"
## [195] "public_transport" "railway"
## [197] "railway:preserved" "railway:track_ref"
## [199] "recycling_type" "ref"
## [201] "reg_name" "religion"
## [203] "rental" "residential"
## [205] "roadtrain" "route"
## [207] "sac_scale" "sauna"
## [209] "service" "service_times"
## [211] "shelter_type" "shop"
## [213] "short_name" "shower"
## [215] "sidewalk" "site"
## [217] "ski" "smoothness"
## [219] "social_facility" "sorting_name"
## [221] "speed_pedelec" "start_date"
## [223] "step_count" "substation"
## [225] "surface" "tactile_paving"
## [227] "tank" "tidal"
## [229] "toilets" "toilets:wheelchair"
## [231] "toll" "topless"
## [233] "tourism" "tracks"
## [235] "tracktype" "traffic_calming"
## [237] "traffic_sign" "trail_visibility"
## [239] "trailblazed" "trailblazed:visibility"
## [241] "tunnel" "turn"
## [243] "type" "unisex"
## [245] "usage" "vehicle"
## [247] "vending" "voltage"
## [249] "water" "wheelchair"
## [251] "wholesale" "width"
## [253] "winter_road" "wood"我们今天想获取的是长春市的酒吧（bar），它属于"amenity"类别。我们开始编码：
第一步需要做的是获取长春市的经纬度边界信息
#导入OSMdata和处理矢量数据的包
library(osmdata)
library(sf)
# 导入长春市的矢量边界数据，数据格式是shp
zh = st_read("E:/Arcgis 地图资源/市县/市县/长春市.shp")
#获取边界信息
bb = st_bbox(zh)
bb# bb = st_bbox(zh)
# bb
# xmin ymin xmax ymax
124.01570 43.16146 127.09373 45.25250 现在长春市的边界数据拿到了，这个范围的所有酒吧别想跑了。我们直接写代码让它们无所遁形
#bar酒吧
cc_bar <- opq (bbox = c (124.01570,43.16146,127.09373,45.25250 )) %>% #
add_osm_feature(key = "amenity", value = "bar") %>%
osmdata_sf ()
#下面开始可视化
library(ggplot2)
map = ggplot()+
geom_sf(data = zh)+
geom_sf(data = cc_bar$osm_points, inherit.aes = FALSE, color = "#ffbe7f", size = .8, alpha = .8)
map
#保存到本地
ccb = cc_bar$osm_points
st_write(ccb, "G:/R/mk/ccbar.gpkg")下面就是结果，看起来不是很多啊，有没有小伙伴证实一下。
我们在QGIS中打开看一下数据是否正常，看起来不错，名字都挺不错的。
那么到这里我们就获取了长春市的bar数据，其实其他类别的数据也可以轻松的获得，比如学校，银行，医院，餐厅等，下面给出代码：
#学校
cc_scholl <- opq (bbox = c (124.01570,43.16146,127.09373,45.25250 )) %>% #
add_osm_feature(key = "amenity", value = "school") %>%
osmdata_sf ()
#餐厅
cc_restaurant <- opq (bbox = c (124.01570,43.16146,127.09373,45.25250 )) %>% #
add_osm_feature(key = "amenity", value = "restaurant") %>%
osmdata_sf ()
#银行
cc_bank <- opq (bbox = c (124.01570,43.16146,127.09373,45.25250 )) %>% #
add_osm_feature(key = "amenity", value = "bank") %>%
osmdata_sf ()
#医院
cc_hosiptal <- opq (bbox = c (124.01570,43.16146,127.09373,45.25250 )) %>% #
add_osm_feature(key = "amenity", value = "hospital") %>%
osmdata_sf () 
在这个被冰雪覆盖的季节里，长春的每一条街道，每一座建筑，都似乎在诉说着它独特的故事。城市的灯火阑珊处，隐藏着无数的温馨与感动………
大家如果觉得这篇有用的话，多多点赞转发支持一下，祝大家一切顺利！我是加拿大一枝黄花，我们下期见。
扫一扫
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
