WPF之命令

WPF之命令

<Window x:Class="WpfApp1.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp1"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Grid>
        <Button Height="100" Width="100" Content="命令测试" Command="{Binding Path=Test}" CommandParameter="{Binding User}"></Button>

        
        <!--没有事件函数会报错-->
        <Button Height="100" Width="100" Content="命令测试" Click="Button_Click"></Button>

        <!--可以先定义使用，后写-->
        <Button Height="100" Width="100" Content="命令测试" Command="{Binding Path=Test2}" CommandParameter="{Binding User2}"></Button>

    </Grid>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Input;

namespace WpfApp1
{
    public class Context
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 定义属性
        /// </summary>
        public ICommand Test { get; set; } = new TestCommand();

        public User User { get; set; } = new User();

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 命令的定义（命令是类）
    /// </summary>
    public class TestCommand : ICommand
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 状态变更通知事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged;

        /// <summary>
        /// 判断是否执行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="parameter"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
        {
            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行任务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="parameter"></param>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public void Execute(object parameter)
        {

            User user = parameter as User;
            MessageBox.Show("测试"+ user.UserName);

        }
    }

    public class User
    {
        public string UserName { get; set; } = "111";
        public string PassWord { get; set; } = "222";
    }


}

在 WPF 中，命令（Command）是一种实现用户界面（UI）与应用程序逻辑分离的机制。通过使用命令，你可以将按钮点击、菜单项选择等用户操作与具体的业务逻辑解耦，从而提高代码的可维护性和可重用性

目的：用来取代事件函数
好处1：与具体的业务逻辑解耦
解耦了，就方便同时开展工作，进行分工合作
好处2：功能性更强：加上了是否执行的判定，还有状态变更通知，界面带参传递功能。

一 定义命令

    /// <summary>
    /// 命令的定义（命令是类）
    /// </summary>
    public class TestCommand : ICommand
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 状态变更通知事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged;

        /// <summary>
        /// 判断是否执行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="parameter"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
        {
            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行任务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="parameter"></param>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public void Execute(object parameter)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("测试");
        }
    }

二 使用命令

绑定数据上下文类

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        this.DataContext = new Context();
    }

绑定控件的命令属性

    <Grid>
        <Button Height="100" Width="100" Content="命令测试" Command="{Binding Path=Test}"></Button>
    </Grid>

三 命令传参

定义属性

    public class User
    {
        public string UserName { get; set; } = "111";
        public string PassWord { get; set; } = "222";
    }

    public class Context
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 定义属性
        /// </summary>
        public ICommand Test { get; set; } = new TestCommand();

        public User User { get; set; } = new User();

    }

        <Button Height="100" Width="100" Content="命令测试" Command="{Binding Path=Test}" CommandParameter="{Binding User}"></Button>

在命令中使用

        /// <summary>
        /// 执行任务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="parameter"></param>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public void Execute(object parameter)
        {

            User user = parameter as User;
            MessageBox.Show("测试"+ user.UserName);

        }

四 不用命令，用事件函数进行比较，说明什么是实现用户界面（UI）与应用程序逻辑分离解耦

  <!--没有事件函数会报错-->
  <Button Height="100" Width="100" Content="命令测试" Click="Button_Click"></Button>

  <!--可以先定义使用，后写-->
  <Button Height="100" Width="100" Content="命令测试" Command="{Binding Path=Test2}" CommandParameter="{Binding User2}"></Button>