鸿蒙跨端植物养护监测仪开发指南
一、项目概述
本文基于HarmonyOS的传感器管理、低功耗控制和分布式数据同步技术，开发一款智能植物养护监测仪。该设备通过优化土壤湿度检测周期、控制数据传输时间窗口和智能管理太阳能充电，实现高效的植物养护监测，并借鉴《鸿蒙跨端U同步》中的多设备同步技术，实现监测数据的跨设备共享。
二、系统架构
+---------------------+ +---------------------+ +---------------------+
| 监测设备 |<----->| 分布式数据总线 |<----->| 用户终端 |
| (植物监测仪) | | (Distributed Bus) | | (手机/平板) |
+----------+----------+ +----------+----------+ +----------+----------+
| | |
+----------v----------+ +----------v----------+ +----------v----------+
| 传感器采集模块 | | 能源管理模块 | | 数据同步模块 |
| (土壤/光照/温湿度) | | (太阳能/电池) | | (监测数据同步) |
+---------------------+ +---------------------+ +---------------------+
三、核心代码实现
1. 植物监测服务实现
// src/main/ets/service/PlantMonitorService.ts
import { distributedData } from '@ohos.data.distributedData';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';
import { sensor } from '@ohos.sensor';
import { power } from '@ohos.power';
import { batteryInfo } from '@ohos.batteryInfo';
import { wifi } from '@ohos.wifi';
import { fileIo } from '@ohos.fileio';
import { zlib } from '@ohos.zlib';
interface PlantData {
timestamp: number;
soilMoisture: number; // 土壤湿度 0-100%
temperature: number; // 温度 ℃
humidity: number; // 空气湿度 %
lightIntensity: number; // 光照强度 lux
batteryLevel: number; // 电池电量 %
isCharging: boolean; // 是否在充电
deviceId: string;
isSynced: boolean;
}
interface DeviceStatus {
lastSyncTime: number;
lastWateringTime: number;
nextCheckTime: number;
checkInterval: number; // 检测间隔(分钟)
syncInterval: number; // 同步间隔(分钟)
}
export class PlantMonitorService {
private static instance: PlantMonitorService;
private kvStore: distributedData.KVStore | null = null;
private readonly STORE_ID = 'plant_monitor_store';
private soilMoistureSensorId: number = -1;
private temperatureSensorId: number = -1;
private humiditySensorId: number = -1;
private lightSensorId: number = -1;
private plantData: PlantData[] = [];
private deviceStatus: DeviceStatus = {
lastSyncTime: 0,
lastWateringTime: 0,
nextCheckTime: 0,
checkInterval: 60, // 默认60分钟检测一次
syncInterval: 240 // 默认4小时同步一次
};
private readonly MAX_STORAGE_DAYS = 7; // 本地最多存储7天数据
private constructor() {
this.initKVStore();
this.loadLocalData();
this.adjustCheckInterval();
}
public static getInstance(): PlantMonitorService {
if (!PlantMonitorService.instance) {
PlantMonitorService.instance = new PlantMonitorService();
}
return PlantMonitorService.instance;
}
private async initKVStore(): Promise<void> {
try {
const options: distributedData.KVManagerConfig = {
bundleName: 'com.example.plantmonitor',
userInfo: {
userId: '0',
userType: distributedData.UserType.SAME_USER_ID
}
};
const kvManager = distributedData.createKVManager(options);
this.kvStore = await kvManager.getKVStore({
storeId: this.STORE_ID,
options: {
createIfMissing: true,
encrypt: false,
backup: false,
autoSync: true,
kvStoreType: distributedData.KVStoreType.SINGLE_VERSION
}
});
this.kvStore.on('dataChange', distributedData.SubscribeType.SUBSCRIBE_TYPE_REMOTE, (data) => {
this.handleRemoteDataChange(data);
});
} catch (e) {
console.error(`Failed to initialize KVStore. Code: ${e.code}, message: ${e.message}`);
}
}
private async loadLocalData(): Promise<void> {
try {
// 加载设备状态
const statusFile = await fileIo.open('data/device_status.bin', 0o666);
const statusData = await fileIo.read(statusFile.fd, new ArrayBuffer(0));
await fileIo.close(statusFile.fd);
if (statusData) {
const decompressed = await zlib.deflateSync(statusData);
this.deviceStatus = JSON.parse(String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(decompressed)));
}
// 加载植物数据
const plantFile = await fileIo.open('data/plant_data.bin', 0o666);
const plantData = await fileIo.read(plantFile.fd, new ArrayBuffer(0));
await fileIo.close(plantFile.fd);
if (plantData) {
const decompressed = await zlib.deflateSync(plantData);
this.plantData = JSON.parse(String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(decompressed)));
}
} catch (e) {
console.log('No local data found or error reading file');
}
// 清理过期数据
this.cleanupOldData();
}
private async saveLocalData(): Promise<void> {
try {
// 确保目录存在
await fileIo.mkdir('data');
// 保存设备状态
const statusStr = JSON.stringify(this.deviceStatus);
const statusCompressed = await zlib.inflateSync(new Uint8Array(statusStr.split('').map(c => c.charCodeAt(0))));
const statusFile = await fileIo.open('data/device_status.bin', 0o666 | fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE);
await fileIo.write(statusFile.fd, statusCompressed.buffer);
await fileIo.close(statusFile.fd);
// 保存植物数据
const plantStr = JSON.stringify(this.plantData);
const plantCompressed = await zlib.inflateSync(new Uint8Array(plantStr.split('').map(c => c.charCodeAt(0))));
const plantFile = await fileIo.open('data/plant_data.bin', 0o666 | fileIo.OpenMode.CREATE);
await fileIo.write(plantFile.fd, plantCompressed.buffer);
await fileIo.close(plantFile.fd);
} catch (e) {
console.error(`Failed to save local data. Code: ${e.code}, message: ${e.message}`);
}
}
private cleanupOldData(): void {
const now = Date.now();
const sevenDaysAgo = now - 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
this.plantData = this.plantData.filter(data => data.timestamp >= sevenDaysAgo);
}
public async startMonitoring(): Promise<boolean> {
try {
// 根据电池状态调整检测频率
await this.adjustCheckInterval();
// 启动土壤湿度传感器
this.soilMoistureSensorId = await sensor.on(sensor.SensorId.SOIL_MOISTURE, {
interval: this.getSensorInterval(),
callback: (data) => {
this.handleSensorData('soilMoisture', data.moisture);
}
});
// 启动温度传感器
this.temperatureSensorId = await sensor.on(sensor.SensorId.AMBIENT_TEMPERATURE, {
interval: this.getSensorInterval(),
callback: (data) => {
this.handleSensorData('temperature', data.temperature);
}
});
// 启动湿度传感器
this.humiditySensorId = await sensor.on(sensor.SensorId.RELATIVE_HUMIDITY, {
interval: this.getSensorInterval(),
callback: (data) => {
this.handleSensorData('humidity', data.humidity);
}
});
// 启动光照传感器
this.lightSensorId = await sensor.on(sensor.SensorId.LIGHT, {
interval: this.getSensorInterval(),
callback: (data) => {
this.handleSensorData('lightIntensity', data.intensity);
}
});
// 启动电池状态监听
batteryInfo.on('batteryChargeStateChange', (data) => {
this.handleBatteryChange(data);
});
return true;
} catch (e) {
console.error(`Failed to start monitoring. Code: ${e.code}, message: ${e.message}`);
return false;
}
}
private getSensorInterval(): number {
// 根据电池状态返回不同的采样间隔
const battery = batteryInfo.getBatteryInfoSync();
if (battery.isCharging || battery.batterySoc > 70) {
return sensor.SensorFrequency.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL;
} else if (battery.batterySoc > 30) {
return sensor.SensorFrequency.SENSOR_DELAY_UI;
} else {
return sensor.SensorFrequency.SENSOR_DELAY_GAME;
}
}
private async adjustCheckInterval(): Promise<void> {
const battery = batteryInfo.getBatteryInfoSync();
const now = Date.now();
if (battery.isCharging) {
// 充电时增加检测频率
this.deviceStatus.checkInterval = 15; // 15分钟
this.deviceStatus.syncInterval = 60; // 1小时
} else if (battery.batterySoc > 50) {
// 电量充足时中等检测频率
this.deviceStatus.checkInterval = 60; // 60分钟
this.deviceStatus.syncInterval = 240; // 4小时
} else {
// 低电量时减少检测频率
this.deviceStatus.checkInterval = 120; // 2小时
this.deviceStatus.syncInterval = 480; // 8小时
}
this.deviceStatus.nextCheckTime = now + this.deviceStatus.checkInterval * 60 * 1000;
await this.saveLocalData();
}
private async handleSensorData(type: string, value: number): Promise<void> {
const now = Date.now();
// 检查是否到了检测时间
if (now < this.deviceStatus.nextCheckTime) {
return;
}
// 更新下次检测时间
this.deviceStatus.nextCheckTime = now + this.deviceStatus.checkInterval * 60 * 1000;
// 获取电池状态
const battery = batteryInfo.getBatteryInfoSync();
// 创建新的植物数据记录
const newData: PlantData = {
timestamp: now,
soilMoisture: 0,
temperature: 0,
humidity: 0,
lightIntensity: 0,
batteryLevel: battery.batterySoc,
isCharging: battery.isCharging,
deviceId: this.getDeviceId(),
isSynced: false
};
// 更新对应传感器数据
newData[type] = value;
// 检查是否有未完成的记录
const lastUnfinished = this.plantData.find(d =>
d.timestamp >= now - 60000 && !d.isSynced
);
if (lastUnfinished) {
// 更新未完成的记录
lastUnfinished[type] = value;
lastUnfinished.batteryLevel = battery.batterySoc;
lastUnfinished.isCharging = battery.isCharging;
} else {
// 添加新记录
this.plantData.push(newData);
}
// 检查是否需要同步
if (now - this.deviceStatus.lastSyncTime > this.deviceStatus.syncInterval * 60 * 1000) {
await this.syncData();
this.deviceStatus.lastSyncTime = now;
}
await this.saveLocalData();
}
private async handleBatteryChange(battery: batteryInfo.BatteryInfo): Promise<void> {
// 电池状态变化时调整检测频率
await this.adjustCheckInterval();
// 如果开始充电，尝试立即同步数据
if (battery.isCharging && wifi.isConnected()) {
await this.syncData();
this.deviceStatus.lastSyncTime = Date.now();
}
}
private getDeviceId(): string {
// 实际应用中应获取真实设备ID
return 'plant_monitor_' + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9);
}
private async syncData(): Promise<void> {
if (!this.kvStore || !wifi.isConnected()) return;
try {
// 同步植物数据
const unsyncedData = this.plantData.filter(d => !d.isSynced);
if (unsyncedData.length > 0) {
await this.kvStore.put('plant_data', { value: unsyncedData });
this.plantData.forEach(d => {
if (!d.isSynced) d.isSynced = true;
});
}
// 同步设备状态
await this.kvStore.put('device_status', { value: this.deviceStatus });
await this.saveLocalData();
} catch (e) {
console.error(`Failed to sync data. Code: ${e.code}, message: ${e.message}`);
}
}
private handleRemoteDataChange(data: distributedData.ChangeData): void {
data.insertEntries.forEach((entry: distributedData.Entry) => {
if (entry.key === 'plant_data') {
const remoteData = entry.value.value as PlantData[];
this.mergePlantData(remoteData);
} else if (entry.key === 'device_status') {
const remoteStatus = entry.value.value as DeviceStatus;
this.mergeDeviceStatus(remoteStatus);
}
});
}
private mergePlantData(remoteData: PlantData[]): void {
remoteData.forEach(remote => {
const existing = this.plantData.find(local =>
local.timestamp === remote.timestamp &&
local.deviceId === remote.deviceId
);
if (!existing) {
this.plantData.push(remote);
} else {
// 合并策略：保留更精确的数据
if (remote.isCharging && !existing.isCharging) {
// 充电时的数据通常更可靠
existing.soilMoisture = remote.soilMoisture;
existing.temperature = remote.temperature;
existing.humidity = remote.humidity;
existing.lightIntensity = remote.lightIntensity;
}
}
});
// 按时间排序
this.plantData.sort((a, b) => a.timestamp - b.timestamp);
}
private mergeDeviceStatus(remoteStatus: DeviceStatus): void {
// 采用更积极的同步策略
if (remoteStatus.syncInterval < this.deviceStatus.syncInterval) {
this.deviceStatus.syncInterval = remoteStatus.syncInterval;
}
// 采用更频繁的检测策略
if (remoteStatus.checkInterval < this.deviceStatus.checkInterval) {
this.deviceStatus.checkInterval = remoteStatus.checkInterval;
}
// 更新下次检测时间为最早的时间
this.deviceStatus.nextCheckTime = Math.min(
this.deviceStatus.nextCheckTime,
remoteStatus.nextCheckTime
);
}
public async stopMonitoring(): Promise<void> {
if (this.soilMoistureSensorId !== -1) {
await sensor.off(this.soilMoistureSensorId);
this.soilMoistureSensorId = -1;
}
if (this.temperatureSensorId !== -1) {
await sensor.off(this.temperatureSensorId);
this.temperatureSensorId = -1;
}
if (this.humiditySensorId !== -1) {
await sensor.off(this.humiditySensorId);
this.humiditySensorId = -1;
}
if (this.lightSensorId !== -1) {
await sensor.off(this.lightSensorId);
this.lightSensorId = -1;
}
batteryInfo.off('batteryChargeStateChange');
await this.saveLocalData();
await this.syncData();
}
public getLatestData(): PlantData | null {
if (this.plantData.length === 0) return null;
return this.plantData[this.plantData.length - 1];
}
public getHistoricalData(days: number): PlantData[] {
const now = Date.now();
const cutoff = now - days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
return this.plantData.filter(d => d.timestamp >= cutoff);
}
public async triggerWatering(): Promise<boolean> {
// 实际应用中应控制浇水设备
this.deviceStatus.lastWateringTime = Date.now();
await this.saveLocalData();
await this.syncData();
return true;
}
public async destroy(): Promise<void> {
await this.stopMonitoring();
if (this.kvStore) {
this.kvStore.off('dataChange');
}
}
}
2. 植物监测组件实现
// src/main/ets/components/PlantMonitor.ets
@Component
export struct PlantMonitor {
private plantService = PlantMonitorService.getInstance();
@State currentData: PlantData | null = null;
@State historicalData: PlantData[] = [];
@State batteryLevel: number = 0;
@State isCharging: boolean = false;
@State isMonitoring: boolean = false;
private timer: number = 0;
aboutToAppear(): void {
this.loadData();
this.startMonitoring();
this.startAutoRefresh();
}
aboutToDisappear(): void {
this.stopAutoRefresh();
}
private async loadData(): Promise<void> {
this.currentData = this.plantService.getLatestData();
this.historicalData = this.plantService.getHistoricalData(1); // 最近1天数据
const battery = batteryInfo.getBatteryInfoSync();
this.batteryLevel = battery.batterySoc;
this.isCharging = battery.isCharging;
}
private async startMonitoring(): Promise<void> {
this.isMonitoring = await this.plantService.startMonitoring();
}
private startAutoRefresh(): void {
this.timer = setInterval(() => {
this.loadData();
}, 60000); // 每分钟刷新一次
}
private stopAutoRefresh(): void {
if (this.timer) {
clearInterval(this.timer);
this.timer = 0;
}
}
build() {
Column() {
// 标题
Text('植物养护监测')
.fontSize(24)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.margin({ bottom: 20 });
// 状态卡片
if (this.currentData) {
this.buildStatusCard();
} else {
Text('暂无监测数据')
.fontSize(16)
.fontColor('#666666');
}
// 控制按钮
Row() {
Button(this.isMonitoring ? '停止监测' : '开始监测')
.type(ButtonType.Capsule)
.width('45%')
.height(50)
.backgroundColor(this.isMonitoring ? '#F44336' : '#4CAF50')
.fontColor('#FFFFFF')
.onClick(() => {
this.toggleMonitoring();
});
Button('立即浇水')
.type(ButtonType.Capsule)
.width('45%')
.height(50)
.backgroundColor('#2196F3')
.fontColor('#FFFFFF')
.margin({ left: 10 })
.onClick(() => {
this.waterPlant();
});
}
.width('100%')
.margin({ top: 20, bottom: 20 });
// 历史数据图表
Text('最近24小时数据')
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.margin({ bottom: 15 });
this.buildHistoryChart();
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.padding(20);
}
@Builder
private buildStatusCard() {
Column() {
// 电池状态
Row() {
Image(this.isCharging ? $r('app.media.ic_battery_charging') : $r('app.media.ic_battery'))
.width(24)
.height(24)
.margin({ right: 5 });
Text(`${this.batteryLevel}%`)
.fontSize(16);
}
.alignItems(HorizontalAlign.Start)
.width('100%')
.margin({ bottom: 15 });
// 土壤湿度
Row() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_soil'))
.width(24)
.height(24)
.margin({ right: 10 });
Column() {
Text('土壤湿度')
.fontSize(14)
.fontColor('#666666');
Text(`${this.currentData!.soilMoisture}%`)
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold);
}
.layoutWeight(1);
// 湿度状态指示
Circle()
.width(20)
.height(20)
.fill(this.getMoistureColor(this.currentData!.soilMoisture));
}
.margin({ bottom: 10 });
// 温度
Row() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_temp'))
.width(24)
.height(24)
.margin({ right: 10 });
Column() {
Text('温度')
.fontSize(14)
.fontColor('#666666');
Text(`${this.currentData!.temperature}℃`)
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold);
}
.layoutWeight(1);
}
.margin({ bottom: 10 });
// 湿度
Row() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_humidity'))
.width(24)
.height(24)
.margin({ right: 10 });
Column() {
Text('空气湿度')
.fontSize(14)
.fontColor('#666666');
Text(`${this.currentData!.humidity}%`)
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold);
}
.layoutWeight(1);
}
.margin({ bottom: 10 });
// 光照
Row() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_light'))
.width(24)
.height(24)
.margin({ right: 10 });
Column() {
Text('光照强度')
.fontSize(14)
.fontColor('#666666');
Text(`${this.currentData!.lightIntensity} lux`)
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold);
}
.layoutWeight(1);
}
}
.width('100%')
.padding(15)
.backgroundColor('#FFFFFF')
.borderRadius(10)
.shadow({ radius: 5, color: '#E0E0E0', offsetX: 0, offsetY: 2 });
}
private getMoistureColor(moisture: number): string {
if (moisture < 30) return '#F44336'; // 干燥
if (moisture < 60) return '#4CAF50'; // 适宜
return '#2196F3'; // 湿润
}
@Builder
private buildHistoryChart() {
const hours = 24;
const now = Date.now();
const dataPoints = Array.from({ length: hours }, (_, i) => {
const time = now - (hours - i - 1) * 60 * 60 * 1000;
const data = this.historicalData.find(d =>
d.timestamp >= time && d.timestamp < time + 60 * 60 * 1000
);
return data ? data.soilMoisture : null;
});
Column() {
// 图表
Stack() {
// 网格线
ForEach(Array.from({ length: 5 }), (_, i) => {
Line()
.width('100%')
.height(1)
.backgroundColor('#E0E0E0')
.position({ x: 0, y: i * 40 });
});
// 数据线
Polyline()
.width('100%')
.height(160)
.fillOpacity(0)
.stroke('#4CAF50')
.strokeWidth(2)
.points(this.getChartPoints(dataPoints));
// 数据点
ForEach(dataPoints, (value, i) => {
if (value !== null) {
Circle()
.width(8)
.height(8)
.fill('#4CAF50')
.position({
x: i * (100 / (hours - 1)) + '%',
y: (100 - value) * 1.6 + '%'
});
}
});
}
.width('100%')
.height(160);
// X轴标签
Row() {
ForEach(Array.from({ length: 5 }), (_, i) => {
Text(`${i * 6}h`)
.fontSize(10)
.width('25%')
.textAlign(TextAlign.Center);
});
}
.width('100%')
.margin({ top: 5 });
}
}
private getChartPoints(dataPoints: (number | null)[]): Point[] {
const points: Point[] = [];
const validPoints = dataPoints.filter(p => p !== null) as number[];
const maxValue = Math.max(...validPoints, 100);
dataPoints.forEach((value, i) => {
if (value !== null) {
points.push({
x: i * (100 / (dataPoints.length - 1)),
y: (maxValue - value) * (160 / maxValue)
});
}
});
return points;
}
private async toggleMonitoring(): Promise<void> {
if (this.isMonitoring) {
await this.plantService.stopMonitoring();
this.isMonitoring = false;
} else {
this.isMonitoring = await this.plantService.startMonitoring();
}
}
private async waterPlant(): Promise<void> {
const success = await this.plantService.triggerWatering();
if (success) {
prompt.showToast({ message: '浇水指令已发送', duration: 2000 });
} else {
prompt.showToast({ message: '浇水失败', duration: 2000 });
}
}
}
3. 主界面实现
// src/main/ets/pages/PlantPage.ets
import { PlantMonitorService } from '../service/PlantMonitorService';
import { PlantMonitor } from '../components/PlantMonitor';
@Entry
@Component
struct PlantPage {
@State activeTab: number = 0;
private plantService = PlantMonitorService.getInstance();
build() {
Column() {
// 标题
Text('植物养护系统')
.fontSize(24)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.margin({ bottom: 20 });
// 标签页
Tabs({ barPosition: BarPosition.Start }) {
TabContent() {
// 监测数据标签页
PlantMonitor()
}
.tabBar('监测数据');
TabContent() {
// 设置标签页
this.buildSettingsTab()
}
.tabBar('设备设置');
}
.barWidth('100%')
.barHeight(50)
.width('100%')
.height('80%')
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.padding(20);
}
@Builder
private buildSettingsTab() {
Column() {
Text('太阳能充电管理')
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.margin({ bottom: 20 });
Row() {
Text('当前充电状态:')
.fontSize(16)
.margin({ right: 10 });
Text(this.plantService.getLatestData()?.isCharging ? '充电中' : '未充电')
.fontSize(16)
.fontColor(this.plantService.getLatestData()?.isCharging ? '#4CAF50' : '#F44336');
}
.margin({ bottom: 30 });
Text('电池电量')
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.margin({ bottom: 20 });
ProgressBar({
value: this.plantService.getLatestData()?.batteryLevel || 0,
total: 100,
type: ProgressBarType.Linear
})
.width('80%')
.height(20)
.margin({ bottom: 30 });
Text('数据传输设置')
.fontSize(18)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.margin({ bottom: 20 });
Row() {
Text('同步间隔:')
.fontSize(16)
.margin({ right: 10 });
Text(`${this.plantService.getLatestData()?.syncInterval || 240}分钟`)
.fontSize(16)
.fontColor('#2196F3');
}
.margin({ bottom: 30 });
Button('立即同步数据')
.type(ButtonType.Capsule)
.width('60%')
.height(40)
.backgroundColor('#2196F3')
.fontColor('#FFFFFF')
.onClick(() => {
this.plantService.syncData();
prompt.showToast({ message: '同步已开始', duration: 2000 });
});
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.padding(20);
}
}
四、与游戏同步技术的结合点
- 实时状态同步：借鉴游戏中玩家状态实时同步机制，优化植物监测数据的跨设备同步
- 冲突解决策略：采用类似游戏中的"时间戳优先"策略解决多设备数据冲突
- 资源优化管理：参考游戏中的资源加载策略，优化传感器数据的采集频率
- 设备角色分配：类似游戏中的主机/客户端模式，确定主监测设备和从属设备
- 网络传输优化：使用类似游戏中的网络优化技术，对监测数据进行批量压缩传输
五、关键特性实现
-
土壤湿度检测周期优化：
private getSensorInterval(): number { // 根据电池状态返回不同的采样间隔 const battery = batteryInfo.getBatteryInfoSync(); if (battery.isCharging || battery.batterySoc > 70) { return sensor.SensorFrequency.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL; } else if (battery.batterySoc > 30) { return sensor.SensorFrequency.SENSOR_DELAY_UI; } else { return sensor.SensorFrequency.SENSOR_DELAY_GAME; } } -
数据传输时间窗口控制：
private async adjustCheckInterval(): Promise<void> { const battery = batteryInfo.getBatteryInfoSync(); const now = Date.now(); if (battery.isCharging) { // 充电时增加检测频率 this.deviceStatus.checkInterval = 15; // 15分钟 this.deviceStatus.syncInterval = 60; // 1小时 } else if (battery.batterySoc > 50) { // 电量充足时中等检测频率 this.deviceStatus.checkInterval = 60; // 60分钟 this.deviceStatus.syncInterval = 240; // 4小时 } else { // 低电量时减少检测频率 this.deviceStatus.checkInterval = 120; // 2小时 this.deviceStatus.syncInterval = 480; // 8小时 } } -
太阳能充电管理：
private async handleBatteryChange(battery: batteryInfo.BatteryInfo): Promise<void> { // 电池状态变化时调整检测频率 await this.adjustCheckInterval(); // 如果开始充电，尝试立即同步数据 if (battery.isCharging && wifi.isConnected()) { await this.syncData(); this.deviceStatus.lastSyncTime = Date.now(); } } -
分布式数据同步：
private handleRemoteDataChange(data: distributedData.ChangeData): void { data.insertEntries.forEach((entry: distributedData.Entry) => { if (entry.key === 'plant_data') { const remoteData = entry.value.value as PlantData[]; this.mergePlantData(remoteData); } else if (entry.key === 'device_status') { const remoteStatus = entry.value.value as DeviceStatus; this.mergeDeviceStatus(remoteStatus); } }); }
六、性能优化策略
-
智能同步调度：
// 只有新数据时才触发同步 if (now - this.deviceStatus.lastSyncTime > this.deviceStatus.syncInterval * 60 * 1000) { await this.syncData(); this.deviceStatus.lastSyncTime = now; } -
本地缓存优先：
public getLatestData(): PlantData | null { // 先从内存缓存读取 if (this.plantData.length === 0) return null; return this.plantData[this.plantData.length - 1]; } -
资源释放管理：
public async destroy(): Promise<void> { await this.stopMonitoring(); if (this.kvStore) { this.kvStore.off('dataChange'); } } -
批量数据处理：
// 同步时批量处理未同步的数据 const unsyncedData = this.plantData.filter(d => !d.isSynced); if (unsyncedData.length > 0) { await this.kvStore.put('plant_data', { value: unsyncedData }); }
七、项目扩展方向
- 植物种类识别：添加摄像头模块，识别植物种类并推荐养护方案
- 智能预警系统：当环境参数异常时自动发送提醒
- 多语言支持：增加多语言界面和语音提示
- 云端备份：支持将重要监测数据备份到云端
- 社区分享：添加植物养护经验分享功能
八、总结
本文实现的植物养护监测仪具有以下特点：
- 采用智能传感器采样策略，根据电量状态优化检测频率
- 实现数据传输时间窗口控制，平衡数据实时性和设备续航
- 集成太阳能充电管理，充分利用可再生能源
- 基于分布式数据同步技术，实现多设备间监测数据共享
- 提供直观的用户界面和完整的植物养护监测功能
该应用展示了HarmonyOS在物联网设备开发中的优势，特别是在传感器管理、低功耗控制和分布式能力方面的强大功能。通过借鉴游戏同步技术，实现了高效可靠的数据同步机制，为智能植物养护设备开发提供了完整解决方案。
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