golang和web端，websocket交互

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-21 18:52:52 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-11-21 18:52:52 发布 · 231 阅读

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#golang #前端 #websocket

本文介绍了如何使用Golang作为后端与前端通过WebSocket进行实时通信。内容包括前端建立连接的地址以及后端Golang实现WebSocket服务的代码示例，展示了在Web应用中实现双向实时数据传输的方法。

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前端地址：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>Websocket</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>字符串转换大写</h1>
<form>
  <p>
    字符串: <input id="content" type="text" placeholder="输入要转换的字符串">
  </p>
</form>
<label id="result">结果为：</label><br><br>
<button onclick="send()">转换</button>

<script type="text/javascript">
  var sock = null;
  createWebSocket();
  // if(!window.localStorage){            
  //   console.log(333)
  //   alert("浏览器不支持localstorage！");                
  // } 
  // var sock = localStorage.getItem("ws");
  // if (!sock) {
    
  //   localStorage.setItem("ws",sock);
  // }
  sock.onmessage = function(e) {
    var result = document.getElementById('result');
    result.innerHTML = "结果为：" + e.data;
  }
  sock.onerror = function (e) {
        alert('llws连接错误: ')
        console.log(e)
  };
  sock.onclose = function (e) {
    alert('websocket 断开: ' + e.code + ' ' + e.reason + ' ' + e.wasClean)
    console.log(e)
  }
  window.onbeforeunload = function() {
    sock.close();
  }
  function send() {
    var msg = document.getElementById('content').value;
    sock.send(msg);
  }
  function createWebSocket() {
    try{
        if('WebSocket' in window){
            sock = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:9999/ws");
        }
    }catch(e){
       alert(e.reason)
    }     
  }
</script>
</body>
</html>

后端golang代码：

package main

import (
   "fmt"
   "log"
   "net/http"
   "strconv"
   "time"

   "github.com/gorilla/websocket"
)

//用户连接具体设置类
type WskCon struct {
   Name string //生成用户名
   Con *websocket.Conn //定义用户连接客户端
   OnlineTime int64 //定义用户在线时间啊in

}
//用户类
type Users struct {
   cons []WskCon //连接数据集
   HeartTime int64 //
   ChnCon chan *websocket.Conn //协程连接
}

var u *Users

func init() {
   //初始化用户类
   s := &Users{HeartTime: 60}
   u  = s
}

func main() {
   http.HandleFunc("/ws", handleWebSocket)
   http.HandleFunc("/all", handleAll)
   err := http.ListenAndServe(":9999", nil)
   if err != nil {
      log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
   }
}

//群发信息
func handleAll(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
   for _,ws:= range u.cons {
      err := ws.Con.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte("群发信息了"))
      fmt.Println(err)
   }
   fmt.Println("所有连接",u.cons)
}

//切片元素移除
func removeSlice(slice []WskCon, index int) []WskCon{
   return append(slice[:index],slice[index+1:]...)
}

//心跳检测
func heartCheck() {
   ticker := time.NewTicker(3*time.Second)
   defer ticker.Stop()
   for {
      select {
      case t := <-ticker.C:
         fmt.Println("Current time: ", t, u.cons)
         currTime := time.Now().Unix()
         for k, v := range u.cons {
            //超过心跳时间，自动剔除此数据,超时60s
            if (currTime - v.OnlineTime) > u.HeartTime {
               //移除退出的连接
               u.cons = removeSlice(u.cons, k)
               v.Con.Close()
            }
         }
      }
   }
}

func handleWebSocket(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
   // 升级 HTTP 连接为 WebSocket 连接
   upgrader := websocket.Upgrader{
      ReadBufferSize:  1024,
      WriteBufferSize: 1024,
      // 解决跨域问题
      CheckOrigin: func(r *http.Request) bool {
         return true
      },
   }

   //检查连接数
   conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
   if len(u.cons) >= 2 {
      conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte("连接人数太多，请稍后重试"))
      conn.Close()
      return
   }
   conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte("老铁，我连接上了"))

   //添加连接到集合
   name := strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(),10)
   u.cons = append(u.cons, WskCon{
      Name: name,
      Con: conn,
      OnlineTime: time.Now().Unix(),
   })
   fmt.Println("all con->",u.cons)


   if err != nil {
      log.Println(err)
      return
   }
   defer conn.Close()

   //检测心跳
   go heartCheck()

   //chans := make(chan *websocket.Conn, 2000)


   // 循环读取 WebSocket 消息
   for {
      _, message, err := conn.ReadMessage()
      if err != nil {
         log.Println(err)
         break
      }
      fmt.Println("收到消息：", string(message))

      //发送消息，更新在线时间
      for k,v:= range u.cons{
         if name == v.Name {
            u.cons[k].OnlineTime = time.Now().Unix()
         }
      }

      // 发送消息
      err = conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, message)
      if err != nil {
         log.Println(err)
         break
      }
   }
}