使用Spring Boot和JWT实现安全认证
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1. 什么是JWT?
JSON Web Token(JWT)是一种开放标准(RFC 7519),定义了一种紧凑且独立的方式,可以在各方之间作为JSON对象安全地传输信息。在Web开发中,JWT通常用于跨域认证和授权,特别适合于分布式系统的身份验证。
2. 使用Spring Boot集成JWT
在Spring Boot项目中,我们可以通过集成Spring Security和引入JWT库来实现安全认证功能。
添加依赖
在pom.xml
中添加Spring Security和JWT的依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>
配置Spring Security
创建一个SecurityConfig
类来配置Spring Security:
package cn.juwatech.security;
import cn.juwatech.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Override
protected