kernel - gpio子系统

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-10 13:28:02 发布

weixin_30528371

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-10 13:28:02 发布

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：数据结构与算法

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/qzhang1535/p/11573649.html

本文深入探讨了Linux内核中GPIO的注册过程，详细解释了devm_gpiochip_add_data和gpiochip_add_data函数的实现细节。同时，文章剖析了通过设备树获取GPIO的过程，包括of_get_named_gpio_flags和of_get_named_gpiod_flags等关键函数的作用，以及of_find_gpiochip_by_xlate和gpiochip_find的使用方法。

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gpio_chip注册

int devm_gpiochip_add_data(struct device *dev, struct gpio_chip *chip,
               void *data)              
{
    ... 
    ret = gpiochip_add_data(chip, data);
    if (ret < 0) {
        devres_free(ptr);
        return ret;
    } 
    ...
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devm_gpiochip_add_data);

实际调用gpiochip_add_data

int gpiochip_add_data(struct gpio_chip *chip, void *data)
{
    ......

    /*
     * First: allocate and populate the internal stat container, and
     * set up the struct device.
     */
    gdev = kzalloc(sizeof(*gdev), GFP_KERNEL);
    if (!gdev)
        return -ENOMEM;
    gdev->dev.bus = &gpio_bus_type;
    gdev->chip = chip;
    chip->gpiodev = gdev;
    if (chip->parent) {
        gdev->dev.parent = chip->parent;
        gdev->dev.of_node = chip->parent->of_node;
    }

    ......
    
    status = gpiodev_add_to_list(gdev);
    if (status) {
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gpio_lock, flags);
        goto err_free_label;
    }

    ......

    status = of_gpiochip_add(chip);
   
    ......
}

创建并初始化gdev,然后调用gpiodev_add_to_list注册到链表
调用of_gpiochip_add，初始化设备树相关数据，比如of_xlate函数指针

通过设备树获取gpio流程

int of_get_named_gpio_flags(struct device_node *np, const char *list_name,
                int index, enum of_gpio_flags *flags)                                                                                                           
{
    struct gpio_desc *desc;

    desc = of_get_named_gpiod_flags(np, list_name, index, flags);                                                                                               

    if (IS_ERR(desc))
        return PTR_ERR(desc);
    else
        return desc_to_gpio(desc);
}

通过of_get_named_gpiod_flags得到gpio_desc
调用desc_to_gpio得到gpio编号

struct gpio_desc *of_get_named_gpiod_flags(struct device_node *np,
             const char *propname, int index, enum of_gpio_flags *flags)
{
    struct of_phandle_args gpiospec;
    struct gpio_chip *chip;
    struct gpio_desc *desc;
    int ret;

    ret = of_parse_phandle_with_args(np, propname, "#gpio-cells", index,
                     &gpiospec);
    if (ret) {
        pr_debug("%s: can't parse '%s' property of node '%pOF[%d]'\n",
            __func__, propname, np, index);
        return ERR_PTR(ret);
    }  

    chip = of_find_gpiochip_by_xlate(&gpiospec);
    if (!chip) {
        desc = ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER);
        goto out;
    }  

    desc = of_xlate_and_get_gpiod_flags(chip, &gpiospec, flags);                                                                                                
    if (IS_ERR(desc))
        goto out;

    pr_debug("%s: parsed '%s' property of node '%pOF[%d]' - status (%d)\n",
         __func__, propname, np, index,
         PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(desc));

out:   
    of_node_put(gpiospec.np);

    return desc;
}

调用of_parse_phandle_with_args获取gpio相关参数gpiospec
根据gpiospec，调用of_find_gpiochip_by_xlate得到gpiochip
能过调用of_xlate_and_get_gpiod_flags得到gpio_desc

static int of_gpiochip_match_node_and_xlate(struct gpio_chip *chip, void *data)
{
    struct of_phandle_args *gpiospec = data;

    return chip->gpiodev->dev.of_node == gpiospec->np &&
                chip->of_xlate &&
                chip->of_xlate(chip, gpiospec, NULL) >= 0;
}

static struct gpio_chip *of_find_gpiochip_by_xlate(
                    struct of_phandle_args *gpiospec)
{
    return gpiochip_find(gpiospec, of_gpiochip_match_node_and_xlate);
}

struct gpio_chip *gpiochip_find(void *data,
                int (*match)(struct gpio_chip *chip,
                         void *data))
{
    struct gpio_device *gdev;
    struct gpio_chip *chip = NULL;
    unsigned long flags;

    spin_lock_irqsave(&gpio_lock, flags);
    list_for_each_entry(gdev, &gpio_devices, list)
        if (gdev->chip && match(gdev->chip, data)) {
            chip = gdev->chip;
            break;
        }

    spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gpio_lock, flags);

    return chip;
}

of_find_gpiochip_by_xlate调用gpiochip_find,传入参数of_gpiochip_match_node_and_xlate
gpiochip_find函数中遍历gpio_devices,根据传入的匹配配置of_gpiochip_match_node_and_xlate，得到对应的chip
of_gpiochip_match_node_and_xlate函数中调用chip->of_xlate函数指针，该指针在of_gpiochip_add赋值为of_gpio_simple_xlate

int of_gpio_simple_xlate(struct gpio_chip *gc,        
             const struct of_phandle_args *gpiospec, u32 *flags)                                                                                                
{
    ......

    if (flags)
        *flags = gpiospec->args[1];

    return gpiospec->args[0];
}

该函数会得到设备树中指定的gpio flag
函数返回值为gpio的编号

static struct gpio_desc *of_xlate_and_get_gpiod_flags(struct gpio_chip *chip,
                    struct of_phandle_args *gpiospec,
                    enum of_gpio_flags *flags)
{
    int ret;

    if (chip->of_gpio_n_cells != gpiospec->args_count)
        return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

    ret = chip->of_xlate(chip, gpiospec, flags);
    if (ret < 0)
        return ERR_PTR(ret);

    return gpiochip_get_desc(chip, ret);
}