mysql 5.7 表别名_MySQL5.7中别名使用（GROUP BY, ORDER BY, 或者 HAVING 中，不能用于where中）...

原创于 2021-02-07 05:28:18 发布 · 242 阅读

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本文介绍了MySQL中别名在查询语句中的使用规定，强调了alias只能在GROUP BY, ORDER BY, 或 HAVING子句中使用，而在WHERE子句中引用列别名是标准SQL所不允许的，因为WHERE子句的评估时机可能导致列值未知。举例说明了这一限制及其原因。

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官网文档：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/problems-with-alias.html

别名只能用于 GROUP BY, ORDER BY, 或者 HAVING 中，不能用于where中。

原因如下：

An alias can be used in a query select list to give a column a different name. You can use the alias in GROUP BY, ORDER BY, or HAVING clauses to refer to the column:

SELECT SQRT(a*b) AS root FROM tbl_name

GROUP BY root HAVING root > 0;

SELECT id, COUNT(*) AS cnt FROM tbl_name

GROUP BY id HAVING cnt > 0;

SELECT id AS 'Customer identity' FROM tbl_name;

Standard SQL disallows references to column aliases in a WHERE clause. This restriction is imposed because when the WHERE clause is evaluated, the column value may not yet have been determined. For example, the following query is illegal:

SELECT id, COUNT(*) AS cnt FROM tbl_name

WHERE cnt > 0 GROUP BY id;

The WHERE clause determines which rows should be included in the GROUP BY clause, but it refers to the alias of a column value that is not known until after the rows have been selected, and grouped by the GROUP BY.