【遥感遥测】【2016.05】利用MODIS和Landsat 8 OLI遥感数据监测尚普兰湖赤潮危害

这篇论文介绍了通过Landsat8OLI和MODIS图像识别蓝藻的遥感方法，探讨了在尚普兰湖进行高时空分辨率赤潮监测的潜力。研究基于三年的现场监测数据，发现在浅水和保护区域，叶绿素绿的反射率最大值可作为识别有害藻类的指标。

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本文为美国耶鲁大学（作者：Maya Midzik）的学士论文，共59页。

蓝藻是许多淡水和海洋生态系统的健康组成部分。然而，在适当的条件下，这些蓝藻可以增加到极端水平，遮蔽可见光导致水质恶化。此外，其中一些水域会产生毒素，杀死鱼类、哺乳动物和鸟类，甚至可能导致人类的疾病和死亡。

自1999年以来，这些有害的藻类一直困扰着美国第六大淡水湖尚普兰湖（Lake Champlain），也是纽约州和佛蒙特州周边许多社区的饮用水源。然而，目前的监测项目依赖于视觉识别和有限的现场水取样，以初步提醒政府注意潜在危害的发生。

本文介绍了利用Landsat 8 OLI和中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）图像识别蓝藻的遥感工具，探讨了对尚普兰湖高时空赤潮监测的潜力，包括南密西西比奎伊和圣奥尔本湾，这两个地区受到赤潮事件的严重影响。根据尚普兰湖长期水质和生物监测项目（LTMP）三年的现场监测数据，对每个传感器和统计模型的大气校正算法进行了测试。这些传感器的结果都显示，叶绿素绿（550nm）反射率最大值有可能用于尚普兰湖浅层和保护区赤潮的识别。

Cyanobacteria are a healthy part of manyfreshwater and marine ecosystems. However, under suitable conditions, theseblue-green algae can increase to extreme levels, resulting in visible “blooms”and deteriorating water quality. Furthermore, some of these blooms producetoxins that can kill fish, mammals, and birds, and may even lead to humanillness and death. Since 1999, these harmful algal blooms (HABs) have plaguedLake Champlain, the sixth largest freshwater lake in the United States, and asource of drinking water for many communities in the surrounding states of NewYork and Vermont. However, current monitoring programs rely on infrequentvisual identification and limited in situ water sampling to initially alert officialsto toxic events. This paper presents remote sensing tools for cyanobacteriaidentification using Landsat 8 OLI and Moderate-Resolution ImagingSpectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery, examining the potential for high spatial andtemporal HAB monitoring in Lake Champlain’s Missisquoi and St. Albans Bay, twoareas highly affected by bloom events. Atmospheric correction algorithms weretested for each sensor and statistical models developed based on three years ofin situ monitoring data from the Lake Champlain Long-Term Water Quality andBiological Monitoring Program (LTMP). Results for both sensors demonstrate thepotential of chlorophyll’s green (550 nm) reflectance maximum for HABidentification in shallow and protected areas of Lake Champlain.