【读书2】【2014】基于MATLAB的雷达信号处理基础（第二版）——雷达信号处理中的常用术语(1)

1.4 雷达信号处理中的常用术语

1.4. Common Threads in Radar SignalProcessing

雷达系统在检测、跟踪、对目标或感兴趣特征进行成像等应用中，其性能受到目标特性、环境因素、雷达本身的影响，所有这些信息都将在处理的接收信号中体现出来。

A radar system’s success or failure indetecting, tracking, and imaging objects or features of interest in the environmentis affected by various characteristics of those objects, the environment, andthe radar itself, and how they are reflected in the received signals availablefor processing.

两个最基本、最重要的信号质量标准是信干比和分辨率。

Two of the most basic and important signalquality metrics are the signal-to-interference ratio and the resolution.

由于这两个指标的重要性，本书所讨论的雷达信号处理的主要目标就是提高信干比SIR和分辨率。

Because of their importance, improving SIRand resolution is the major goal of most of the basic radar signal processingdiscussed in this text.

以下的章节将讨论各种信号处理技术，这些技术几乎都是以此为目标的。

While subsequent chapters discuss a widevariety of signal processing techniques, there are a few basic ideas thatunderlie most of them.

这些信号处理技术包括相干和非相干积累、目标相位变化建模、带宽扩展和最大似然估计。

These include coherent and noncoherent integration,target phase history modeling, bandwidth expansion, and maximum likelihoodestimation.

本节其余部分给出了SIR和分辨率的探索性定义，描述了积累的最简单形式、相位变化建模、带宽扩展以及这些技术是如何影响SIR和分辨率。

The remainder of this section gives aheuristic definition of SIR and resolution, and then illustrates the simplestforms of integration, phase history modeling, and bandwidth expansion and howthey affect SIR and resolution.

最大似然估计推迟到第九章和附录A中进行阐述。

Maximum likelihood estimation is deferredto Chap. 9 and App. A.

1.4.1信干比与积累

1.4.1. Signal-to-Interference Ratio and Integration

考虑由期望信号s[n]和干扰信号w[n]组成的离散信号x[n]：

Consider a discrete-time signal x[n]consisting of the sum of a “desired signal” s[n] and an interferingsignal w[n]:

x[n]= s[n] + w[n] (1.22)

离散信号与连续时间信号的讨论是基本相同的。

The discussion is identical for continuoustime signals.

SIR χ定义为期望信号的功率与干扰功率之比。

The SIR χ of this signal is the ratio ofthe power of the desired signal to that of the interference.

如果s[n]为确定信号，则信号功率通常以峰值功率表示，设峰值点所对应的时刻为t0。

If s[n] is deterministic, the signal poweris usually taken as the peak signal value, and may therefore occur at aspecific time t0 .

在某些确定信号条件下，也采用平均功率来表示信号功率。

In some deterministic cases, the averagesignal power may be used instead.

干扰几乎总是被建模为随机过程，因此其功率为均方的期望值E{|w[n]|2}。

The interference is almost invariablymodeled as a random process, so that its power is the mean-square E{|w[n]|2}.

——本文译自Mark A. Richards所著的《Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing（Second edition）》

更多精彩文章请关注微信号：