【硬件】Pycharm烧录esp32-cam基础教程

原创已于 2025-04-02 22:56:16 修改 · 605 阅读

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

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#pycharm #ide #python

于 2025-04-02 22:48:54 首次发布

esp32-cam配合ov2460一般适用于处理一些需要动态摄像头传输的简单任务，配合OpenCV使用可以完成人脸识别或者其他模型分类、检测任务。

拿到手的esp32-cam需要将ov2460插入到一起组装后如下图所示，esp32算是比较容易安装摄像头的一款开发板

硬件部分安装完成后，下载esp32的驱动，然后安装到自己记得的位置即可

https://pan.baidu.com/s/18hgYVlbb-STgttssZSyz1w?pwd=9ep8 提取码: 9ep8

点击一下安装包启动它，就会看到这样一个界面，等待加载完成即可（最好就把它放在一个自己记得的地方，我不太清楚太久没编译需不需要重新安装点击QVQ）

然后打开Pycharm，安装好esptool、platformio两个包

pip install esptool platformio -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

安装完成后，切到pycharm，建个文件夹随便建一个，然后利用cd命令打开文件夹，输入

pio project init --board esp32cam

且看到文件夹内分别出现多个文件夹，就代表创建成功。

而后将数据线连接esp32和电脑，然后打开设备管理器

先记住端口那个地方的位数，这里是com4，也就是esp的端口，然后打开生成的文件夹中的platformio.ini，编辑一下

[env:esp32cam]
platform = espressif32
board = esp32cam
framework = arduino
upload_port = COM4
monitor_speed = 115200
upload_speed = 921600
board_build.partitions = default.csv
board_build.flash_mode = dout

然后完成这些后，在src文件夹创建一个main.cpp的文件

#include "esp_camera.h"
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <esp_http_server.h>

// 选择摄像头型号
#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER // Has PSRAM
#include "camera_pins.h"

// WiFi信息
const char* ssid = "xxx";
// 账号
const char* password = "xxxx";
// 密码

// 定义LED引脚和PWM配置
#define LED_PIN 4
#define LED_PWM_CHANNEL 1
#define LED_PWM_FREQ 5000
#define LED_PWM_RESOLUTION 8

esp_err_t stream_handler(httpd_req_t *req) {
    camera_fb_t *fb = NULL;
    esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
    size_t _jpg_buf_len;
    uint8_t *_jpg_buf;
    char part_buf[64];

    res = httpd_resp_set_type(req, "multipart/x-mixed-replace; boundary=frame");
    if (res != ESP_OK) {
        return res;
    }

    while (true) {
        fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
        if (!fb) {
            Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
            res = ESP_FAIL;
        } else {
            if (fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG) {
                bool jpeg_converted = frame2jpg(fb, 60, &_jpg_buf, &_jpg_buf_len); // 降低JPEG质量提升性能
                esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
                if (!jpeg_converted) {
                    Serial.println("JPEG compression failed");
                    res = ESP_FAIL;
                }
            } else {
                _jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
                _jpg_buf = fb->buf;
            }

            if (res == ESP_OK) {
                size_t hlen = snprintf((char *)part_buf, 64, "--frame\r\nContent-Type: image/jpeg\r\nContent-Length: %u\r\n\r\n", _jpg_buf_len);
                res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)part_buf, hlen);
            }
            if (res == ESP_OK) {
                res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)_jpg_buf, _jpg_buf_len);
            }
            if (fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG) {
                free(_jpg_buf);
            }
            if (res == ESP_OK) {
                res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, "\r\n", 2);
            }
            esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
            if (res != ESP_OK) {
                break;
            }
        }
        vTaskDelay(1); // 保持CPU低负载，避免过载
    }

    return res;
}

void startCameraServer() {
    httpd_config_t config = HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
    config.task_priority = 5; // 使用正确的成员名称
    config.stack_size = 4096; // 增加栈大小以处理更多数据
    httpd_handle_t server = NULL;

    if (httpd_start(&server, &config) == ESP_OK) {
        httpd_uri_t stream_uri = {
            .uri       = "/",
            .method    = HTTP_GET,
            .handler   = stream_handler,
            .user_ctx  = NULL
        };
        httpd_register_uri_handler(server, &stream_uri);
    }
}


void setup() {
    Serial.begin(115200);
    Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
    Serial.println();

    ledcSetup(LED_PWM_CHANNEL, LED_PWM_FREQ, LED_PWM_RESOLUTION);
    ledcAttachPin(LED_PIN, LED_PWM_CHANNEL);
    ledcWrite(LED_PWM_CHANNEL, 128);

    camera_config_t config;
    config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
    config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
    config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_sccb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_sccb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
    config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000; // 提高时钟频率
    config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG;

    if (psramFound()) {
        config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA; // 降低分辨率以提高帧率
        config.jpeg_quality = 15; // 降低JPEG质量以加快处理速度
        config.fb_count = 2; // 增加帧缓冲数量
    } else {
        config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_VGA;
        config.jpeg_quality = 20;
        config.fb_count = 1;
    }

    esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
    if (err != ESP_OK) {
        Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
        return;
    }

    WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
    while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
        delay(500);
        Serial.print(".");
    }
    Serial.println("");
    Serial.println("WiFi connected");

    startCameraServer();
    Serial.print("Camera Ready! Use 'http://");
    Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
    Serial.println("' to connect");
}

void loop() {
    int brightness = 1;
    ledcWrite(LED_PWM_CHANNEL, brightness);
    delay(10000);
}

在代码中修改自己手机热点账号密码，然后保存后，分别在include，建两个文件camera_pins.h和esp_camera.h，然后分别放入下述代码，这两个也可以在网络找到，是开源代码，我就是怕我自己忘记了才贴在这0.o

代码放在最后了，需要的自己拿，完成之后，输入下述命令烧录进去

pio run --target upload

然后如果你要更新代码，可以有两种方式，一种是先闪擦，然后在烧录，第二种是直接烧录

python -m esptool --chip esp32 erase_flash

然后至于监听端口的，输入这一串

python -m serial.tools.miniterm com9 115200 --rts 0 --dtr 0

记得esp32要和电脑在同个局域网，然后就会输出一个ip地址，这个地址就可以直接被访问到了

/**
 * camera_pins.h
 */
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  21
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  26
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  27

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    4
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  23
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  22

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  4
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  18
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    37
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    38
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    14
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    13
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    34
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 5
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  27
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  25

#define LED_GPIO_NUM 22

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  25
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    32
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  21

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_V2_PSRAM)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  22
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    32
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  21

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WIDE)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  22
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    32
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  21

#define LED_GPIO_NUM 2

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_ESP32CAM)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  25
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    17
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  21

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_UNITCAM)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  25
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    32
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  21

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_CAMS3_UNIT)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 21
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  11
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  17
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  41

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    13
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    4
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    10
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    7
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    16
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    15
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    6
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 42
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  18
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  12

#define LED_GPIO_NUM 14

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  32
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  0
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  26
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  27

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    21
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    5
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  23
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  22

// 4 for flash led or 33 for normal led
#define LED_GPIO_NUM   4

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_TTGO_T_JOURNAL)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  0
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM 15
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  27
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  25
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    19
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    36
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    5
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    34
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    35
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    17
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 22
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  26
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  21

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_XIAO_ESP32S3)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  10
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  40
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  39

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    48
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    11
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    12
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    14
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    16
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    18
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    17
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    15
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 38
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  47
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  13

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP32_CAM_BOARD)
// The 18 pin header on the board has Y5 and Y3 swapped
#define USE_BOARD_HEADER 0
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM    32
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM   33
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM    4
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM    18
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM    23

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 36
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 19
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 21
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 39
#if USE_BOARD_HEADER
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 13
#else
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 35
#endif
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 14
#if USE_BOARD_HEADER
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 35
#else
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 13
#endif
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    34
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 5
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  27
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  25

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP32S3_CAM_LCD)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  40
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  17
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  18

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    39
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    41
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    42
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    12
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    3
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    14
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    47
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    13
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 21
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  38
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  11

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP32S2_CAM_BOARD)
// The 18 pin header on the board has Y5 and Y3 swapped
#define USE_BOARD_HEADER 0
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM    1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM   2
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM    42
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM    41
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM    18

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 16
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 39
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 40
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 15
#if USE_BOARD_HEADER
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 12
#else
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 13
#endif
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 5
#if USE_BOARD_HEADER
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 13
#else
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 12
#endif
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    14
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 38
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  4
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  3

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_ESP32S3_EYE)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  15
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  4
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  5

#define Y2_GPIO_NUM 11
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM 9
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM 8
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM 10
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM 12
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM 18
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM 17
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM 16

#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 6
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  7
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  13

#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_DFRobot_FireBeetle2_ESP32S3) || defined(CAMERA_MODEL_DFRobot_Romeo_ESP32S3)
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM  -1
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM  45
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM  1
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM  2

#define Y9_GPIO_NUM    48
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM    46
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM    8
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM    7
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM    4
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM    41
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM    40
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM    39
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM 6
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM  42
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM  5

#else
#error "Camera model not selected"
#endif

// Copyright 2015-2016 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) PTE LTD
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
/*
 * Example Use
 *
    static camera_config_t camera_example_config = {
        .pin_pwdn       = PIN_PWDN,
        .pin_reset      = PIN_RESET,
        .pin_xclk       = PIN_XCLK,
        .pin_sccb_sda   = PIN_SIOD,
        .pin_sccb_scl   = PIN_SIOC,
        .pin_d7         = PIN_D7,
        .pin_d6         = PIN_D6,
        .pin_d5         = PIN_D5,
        .pin_d4         = PIN_D4,
        .pin_d3         = PIN_D3,
        .pin_d2         = PIN_D2,
        .pin_d1         = PIN_D1,
        .pin_d0         = PIN_D0,
        .pin_vsync      = PIN_VSYNC,
        .pin_href       = PIN_HREF,
        .pin_pclk       = PIN_PCLK,

        .xclk_freq_hz   = 20000000,
        .ledc_timer     = LEDC_TIMER_0,
        .ledc_channel   = LEDC_CHANNEL_0,
        .pixel_format   = PIXFORMAT_JPEG,
        .frame_size     = FRAMESIZE_SVGA,
        .jpeg_quality   = 10,
        .fb_count       = 2,
        .grab_mode      = CAMERA_GRAB_WHEN_EMPTY
    };

    esp_err_t camera_example_init(){
        return esp_camera_init(&camera_example_config);
    }

    esp_err_t camera_example_capture(){
        //capture a frame
        camera_fb_t * fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
        if (!fb) {
            ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Frame buffer could not be acquired");
            return ESP_FAIL;
        }

        //replace this with your own function
        display_image(fb->width, fb->height, fb->pixformat, fb->buf, fb->len);

        //return the frame buffer back to be reused
        esp_camera_fb_return(fb);

        return ESP_OK;
    }
*/

#pragma once

#include "esp_err.h"
#include "driver/ledc.h"
#include "sensor.h"
#include "sys/time.h"
#include "sdkconfig.h"

/**
 * @brief define for if chip supports camera
 */
#define ESP_CAMERA_SUPPORTED (CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32 | CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3 | \
                             CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2)

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/**
 * @brief Configuration structure for camera initialization
 */
typedef enum {
    CAMERA_GRAB_WHEN_EMPTY,         /*!< Fills buffers when they are empty. Less resources but first 'fb_count' frames might be old */
    CAMERA_GRAB_LATEST              /*!< Except when 1 frame buffer is used, queue will always contain the last 'fb_count' frames */
} camera_grab_mode_t;

/**
 * @brief Camera frame buffer location
 */
typedef enum {
    CAMERA_FB_IN_PSRAM,         /*!< Frame buffer is placed in external PSRAM */
    CAMERA_FB_IN_DRAM           /*!< Frame buffer is placed in internal DRAM */
} camera_fb_location_t;

#if CONFIG_CAMERA_CONVERTER_ENABLED
/**
 * @brief Camera RGB\YUV conversion mode
 */
typedef enum {
    CONV_DISABLE,
    RGB565_TO_YUV422,

    YUV422_TO_RGB565,
    YUV422_TO_YUV420
} camera_conv_mode_t;
#endif

/**
 * @brief Configuration structure for camera initialization
 */
typedef struct {
    int pin_pwdn;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera power down line */
    int pin_reset;                  /*!< GPIO pin for camera reset line */
    int pin_xclk;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera XCLK line */
    union {
        int pin_sccb_sda;           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SDA line */
        int pin_sscb_sda __attribute__((deprecated("please use pin_sccb_sda instead")));           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SDA line (legacy name) */
    };
    union {
        int pin_sccb_scl;           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SCL line */
        int pin_sscb_scl __attribute__((deprecated("please use pin_sccb_scl instead")));           /*!< GPIO pin for camera SCL line (legacy name) */
    };
    int pin_d7;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D7 line */
    int pin_d6;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D6 line */
    int pin_d5;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D5 line */
    int pin_d4;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D4 line */
    int pin_d3;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D3 line */
    int pin_d2;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D2 line */
    int pin_d1;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D1 line */
    int pin_d0;                     /*!< GPIO pin for camera D0 line */
    int pin_vsync;                  /*!< GPIO pin for camera VSYNC line */
    int pin_href;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera HREF line */
    int pin_pclk;                   /*!< GPIO pin for camera PCLK line */

    int xclk_freq_hz;               /*!< Frequency of XCLK signal, in Hz. EXPERIMENTAL: Set to 16MHz on ESP32-S2 or ESP32-S3 to enable EDMA mode */

    ledc_timer_t ledc_timer;        /*!< LEDC timer to be used for generating XCLK  */
    ledc_channel_t ledc_channel;    /*!< LEDC channel to be used for generating XCLK  */

    pixformat_t pixel_format;       /*!< Format of the pixel data: PIXFORMAT_ + YUV422|GRAYSCALE|RGB565|JPEG  */
    framesize_t frame_size;         /*!< Size of the output image: FRAMESIZE_ + QVGA|CIF|VGA|SVGA|XGA|SXGA|UXGA  */

    int jpeg_quality;               /*!< Quality of JPEG output. 0-63 lower means higher quality  */
    size_t fb_count;                /*!< Number of frame buffers to be allocated. If more than one, then each frame will be acquired (double speed)  */
    camera_fb_location_t fb_location; /*!< The location where the frame buffer will be allocated */
    camera_grab_mode_t grab_mode;   /*!< When buffers should be filled */
#if CONFIG_CAMERA_CONVERTER_ENABLED
    camera_conv_mode_t conv_mode;   /*!< RGB<->YUV Conversion mode */
#endif

    int sccb_i2c_port;              /*!< If pin_sccb_sda is -1, use the already configured I2C bus by number */
} camera_config_t;

/**
 * @brief Data structure of camera frame buffer
 */
typedef struct {
    uint8_t * buf;              /*!< Pointer to the pixel data */
    size_t len;                 /*!< Length of the buffer in bytes */
    size_t width;               /*!< Width of the buffer in pixels */
    size_t height;              /*!< Height of the buffer in pixels */
    pixformat_t format;         /*!< Format of the pixel data */
    struct timeval timestamp;   /*!< Timestamp since boot of the first DMA buffer of the frame */
} camera_fb_t;

#define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE 0x20000
#define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_NOT_DETECTED             (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 1)
#define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_FAILED_TO_SET_FRAME_SIZE (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 2)
#define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_FAILED_TO_SET_OUT_FORMAT (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 3)
#define ESP_ERR_CAMERA_NOT_SUPPORTED            (ESP_ERR_CAMERA_BASE + 4)

/**
 * @brief Initialize the camera driver
 *
 * @note call camera_probe before calling this function
 *
 * This function detects and configures camera over I2C interface,
 * allocates framebuffer and DMA buffers,
 * initializes parallel I2S input, and sets up DMA descriptors.
 *
 * Currently this function can only be called once and there is
 * no way to de-initialize this module.
 *
 * @param config  Camera configuration parameters
 *
 * @return ESP_OK on success
 */
esp_err_t esp_camera_init(const camera_config_t* config);

/**
 * @brief Deinitialize the camera driver
 *
 * @return
 *      - ESP_OK on success
 *      - ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE if the driver hasn't been initialized yet
 */
esp_err_t esp_camera_deinit(void);

/**
 * @brief Obtain pointer to a frame buffer.
 *
 * @return pointer to the frame buffer
 */
camera_fb_t* esp_camera_fb_get(void);

/**
 * @brief Return the frame buffer to be reused again.
 *
 * @param fb    Pointer to the frame buffer
 */
void esp_camera_fb_return(camera_fb_t * fb);

/**
 * @brief Get a pointer to the image sensor control structure
 *
 * @return pointer to the sensor
 */
sensor_t * esp_camera_sensor_get(void);

/**
 * @brief Save camera settings to non-volatile-storage (NVS)
 *
 * @param key   A unique nvs key name for the camera settings
 */
esp_err_t esp_camera_save_to_nvs(const char *key);

/**
 * @brief Load camera settings from non-volatile-storage (NVS)
 *
 * @param key   A unique nvs key name for the camera settings
 */
esp_err_t esp_camera_load_from_nvs(const char *key);

/**
 * @brief Return all frame buffers to be reused again.
 */
void esp_camera_return_all(void);


#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#include "img_converters.h"