目录
（一）文化
1.multicultural society：多元文化社会
The range of TV programmesthere is very broad because it is a multicultural society and people of all backgrounds like to watch TV.
电视节目的内容跨度非常大，因为这是一个多元化的社会，喜欢看电视的观众也有着不同的背景。
2.cultural mosaic：多元的文化
The UK is a cultural and social mosaic.
英国是一个多元的文化社会。
3.be customary：(在某种文化中)按照惯例某人会如何去做
In the UK a handshake is customary when a person is introduced to somebody new.
在英国，握手是一个人被介绍给别人时的必要礼节。
4.be unorthodox：违背传统的，离经叛道的
Action painting often looks childish to the non-artists because of the unorthodox techniques used to apply paint, such as throwing it on the canvas.
行动绘画往往对那些不了解这门艺术的人看来是幼稚的，因为它往往包含了一些非主流的绘画技巧，比如往画布上泼洒颜料。
5.核心价值观
In order to be a good member of any society the individual must respect and obey the rules of their community and share the core values.
为了成为社会的有用一员，个人必须尊重并遵守规定，并认同所在社会的核心价值观。
6.social mores：社会习俗与行为准则
Social mores refer to the socially-approved forms of behaviour, which are generally promoted by customs and laws.
社会习俗与行为准则是指被社会所认可的行为，通常是由风俗和法律所决定的。
7.a bonding mechanism：具有很强社会凝聚力的因素
A shared ideology is a strong social bonding mechanism.
一个共同的意识形态是很强的社会凝聚力因素。
8.assimilate into a new culture：融入到一种新的文化当中
Some immigrants can assimilate into the local culture immediately.
有些移民能迅速地融入到当地文化中。
9.unspoken rules：不成文的规定
There are many unspoken rules that we live by.
我们的生活中存在着许多不成文的潜规则。
10.be incompatible with sth.：与某事物相冲突的
Their products are incompatible with the local customs.
他们的产品与当地的风俗格格不入。
11.language barrier：语言障碍
For immigrant students, the language barrier isn't just a communication issue---it's a wall blocking access to equal education, as textbooks and lessons in a foreign language become unbreakable hurdles.
对移民学生而言，语言障碍不只是交流问题，更是一道阻挡平等教育的墙 -- 外语教材与课程成了难以跨越的障碍。
12.indigenous people：原住民
Some indigenous people have a very long continuous history.
一些原住民文化拥有一段很长的连续的历史。
13.have/has vanished：已经消失了
Over the past two decades, family structures in this country have changed and feelings of community have vanished.
经过超过20年的转变，这个国家的基础家庭架构发生了很大变化，并且那种社区意识已经消失了。
14.remain intact：保持完好无损的
It is difficult for a place to draw tourists while keeping its cultural heritage intact.
一个景点要想在保护文化遗产完好无损的前提下持续吸引到游客是很困难的。
15.be nostalgic：怀念过去的，恋旧的
Seeing old school photos can make some of us quite nostalgic.
翻看那些学校的老照片让我们中的一些人怀念起了当年的时光。
16.be forward-looking：向前看的，有前瞻性的
This country has a growing and forward-looking economy.
这个国家的经济保持持续上升的形势。
17.重新获得生命力
It seems the high-tech media can help the traditional culture to regain itsvitality.看起来传统文化可以借助高科技媒体的力量重获新生。
18.has a resurgence in popularity：(一度过时的东西)重新又流行起来
Handmade paper-cutting, a fading folk art, has a resurgence in popularity among young designers.
手工剪纸这门渐失光彩的民间艺术，在年轻设计师中重新走红。
19.lingua franca：共同使用的语言
In the past, several languages have acted as lingua franca in different areas of the world.
在过去，有几种主要语言在世界各个地区扮演着通用语言的角色。
20.a single international language：唯一可以通行的国际语言
Some people believe that a single international language has become a practical necessity because of the increasing international communication.
一些人认为由于国际交往的不断加深，规定一种国际通用语言已经成了当务之急。
21.preserve the individuality of cultures：保留多种文化各自的特色
A single international language may make it difficult to preserve the individuality of cultures.
推行一种单一的国际通用语会让保持文化的独立性变得十分困难。
22.bilingual：双语的
Bilingual education leads to exposure to different cultures.
双语教育可以让人感受不同的文化。
23.monolingual：adj.单一语种的
Many immigrant children are expected to learn English by immersion in the language in monolingual classes.
许多移民孩子被期望于能通过在单一语种课堂上的语言氛围的影响来学好英语。
24.a close-knit community：联系紧密的社区
This close-knit community looks like a classic British village.
这个联系紧密的社区看起来很像传统的英式村庄。
25.a sense of alienation：疏离感
Some argue that technology leads to greater social economic division and a sense of alienation among people who are physically close to each other.
有人认为技术进步使得人们贫富分化的同时也让本来很亲近的人变得疏远了。
（二）建筑
1.be dilapidated：(建筑)破旧不堪的
The abandoned building looks dilapidated.
那座被遗弃的建筑看起来破旧不堪。
2.be a showcase for...：是展示(某种文化)的橱窗
Buildings are showcases for the artistic achievement of citizens.
建筑是展示居民美学成就的橱窗。
3.represent sth.：代表（某种文化）
This building is significant because its exterior represents an excellent example of the post-modern style of architecture.
由于这座建筑的外观是代表后现代风格的典型范例，它的意义十分重大。
4.light and airy：阳光充足而且通风良好的
Our hotel room was light and airy.
我们的酒店房间既明亮又通风。
5.be a very significant landmark：是一个地标性建筑
This building is a very significant landmark in the neighbourhood.
这座建筑是附近的地标性建筑。
6.be an eyesore：是一幢很丑陋的建筑
The new shopping centre is a real eyesore.
这座新的购物中心实在是一幢丑陋的建筑。
7.be a blot on the landscape：(丑陋的建筑)破坏市容
Timothy thinks that outlandish-looking building is a blot on thelandscape.
泰姆西认为这些异国风情的建筑破坏了市容。
8.be a far cry from...：与……大相径庭
His new house is a far cry from the one-bedroom cottage he lived in as a child.
他的新房子可和他在童年时候在乡间住过的单间小屋大不相同了。
9.convert sth. into...：改造(建筑)
It's now in the process of being converted into a film museum.
它现在正被改造为一个电影博物馆。
10.commercial building：商业建筑
The project aims to improve the energy efficiency of commercial buildings.
这个项目的目标是提高商业建筑的能源使用率。
11.residential building：居住建筑
They are conducting research on the energy consumed in residential buildings.
他们对居民建筑的能源消耗进行了研究。
12.lobby：宾馆、影剧院等大型建筑的大堂
In the lobby of the library, George saw a video about the festival.
乔治在图书馆大厅里看到了一段关于这个节日的录像。
（三）聚会与节日
1.set off fireworks/let off fireworks/light fireworks：燃放焰火
In Britain it is against the law to set off fireworks between 11: 00 pm and 7:00 am, except during certain celebrations.
在英国，除非在特定的庆祝活动中，否则在晚上11:00到早上7:00间燃放焰火是犯法的。
2.go overboard：筹备某事过于投入
They went overboard with the party preparation.
他们对派对的筹备过于投入了。
3.be ill-equipped to do sth.：对某事准备不足
These young parents are ill-equipped to cope with their children without extra help.
这些年轻父母在缺少外部帮助的条件下对如何应付他们的孩子准备不足。
4.have a blast：玩得非常开心
We had a blast at the party last night.
我们在昨晚的派对上玩得十分开心。
5.enjoy oneself immensely：玩得很尽兴
Although we had to live on very modest incomes，we still enjoyed ourselves immensely.
尽管我们的收入并不高，但我们对自己的人生十分享受。
6.let sb's hair down：(在 party 等公共场合)彻底地放松
Mandy really let her hair down. She laughed, clapped and danced atthe party.
曼蒂真的放松下来了。她笑着，拍着手在派对上纵情舞蹈。
7.feel inhibited：感到很拘束的
Some girls may feel inhibited by the presence of boys at the party.
一些女孩在有男孩在场的派对上会感到很拘束。
8.find a niche for oneself：找到了最适合自己做的事情
To succeed in life, one must find a niche for oneself instead of following others blindly.
要在生活中成功，人得找到适合自己的发展方向，别盲目跟风。
9.a wet blanket：扫兴的人
I don't want to be a wet blanket but you must stop disturbing the people next door.
我不想扫大家的兴，不过我们必须别再打搅隔壁的人了。
10.feel out of place：(对某个场合)感觉很不适应
We went to Allison's party but there were so many strange people there and I felt a little out of place , so we left.
我们去了艾莉森的派对，但有太多不认识的人在场，我们觉得不是很适应，于是就离开了。
（四）政府
1.play a regulatory role：发挥监管者的作用
It remains highly controversial whether the government should play a regulatory role in this industry.
对政府是否应该在这个产业中发挥监管者的作用仍然存在很多争议。
2.regulate and oversee：监督管理，监管
An accident that occurred in the skies over the Grand Canyon resulted in the establishment of the Federal Aviation Administration to regulate and oversee the operation of aircraft in the skies over the United States.
发生在大峡谷上空的一起事故导致了联邦航空署的成立，来监督管理美国上空的飞行。
3.rules and regulations：规章制度
The job had been very dangerous before rules and regulations were introduced.
在相关法规被制定之前，这项工作是十分危险的。
4.impose a ban on sth.：禁止某事物
Some think that the government should impose a ban on the sale of tobacco.
有人认为政府应该禁止销售烟草。
5.impose a burden on sb. / sth.：给某人或某事物造成负担
The new proposal will impose a financial burden on taxpayers.
这项新的法案会给纳税人带来财政负担。
6.should abolish sth.：(政府官方)废除某事物
Some people argue that capital punishment should be abolished because life imprisonment can serve the same pupose just as effectively.
有人认为死刑应该被废止，因为终身监禁也可以起到同样的惩罚作用。
7.should implement sth.：应该实施某个计划或运行某种体制
Government agencies should be encouraged to implement the new system.
政府机构应该运行这个新的系统。
8.put sth. into effect：实施
To meet this challenge, the following elements were put into effect.
为了应对这一挑战，下列举措得到了实施。
9.high on the government's agenda：某事是政府的重要任务
Education is high on the government's agenda.
教育是政府的首要任务。
10.place a high priority on sth.：正确设定首要的任务
The government is placing a high priority on health care reform.
政府将健康保险改革提到了首要的日程上。
11.translate sth. into action：将某种想法或计划付诸行动
The government should translate its strategies into action.
政府应该把计划付之于行动。
12.take draconian/stringent measures to...：采取严厉的措施去做某事
They believe these draconian/stringent measures will keep water pollution to a minimum.
他们相信这些严厉的措施可以将水污染现象限定在最小的范围内。
13.government's laxity in sth.：政府对某事物管理上的松懈态度
They complained about the government's laxity in providing relief to the earthquake victims.他们抱怨政府在救济地震灾民时所表现出来的松懈态度。
14.to counteract sth.：(政府)应对某事
Some governments are encouraging consumer spending to counteract recessions.
一些政府号召人民通过扩大内需来应对经济衰退。
15.countermeasures：n.对策
The government's countermeasures against traffic congestion have been completely ineffective.
政府针对交通拥堵的对策是完全无效的。
16.a recurring problem：持续出现的问题
The crisis in banking and the high unemployment rate have been two recurring problems in this country.
银行业危机和高失业率是在这个国家持续出现的两大难题。
17.an enduring solution：持久有效的解决方案
Protectionist measures cannot provide an enduring solution to the economic downturn.
贸易保护主义措施不能作为经济不景气的长期保护伞。
18.It is short-sighted to...：做某事是目光短浅的
They believed it was a short-sighted tax policy.
他们相信这是一个目光短浅的税收政策。
19.sb. would be well-advised to...：某人做某事是明智的
The government would be well-advised to take prompt regulatory action.
政府应该尽快地去进行规范化行动。
20.have/has a monopoly over sth.：对某事物占有垄断地位
In many countries, the government has a monopoly over the tobacco industry.
在许多国家，烟草行业都是由政府垄断的。
21.有权利去拥有或去做某事：be entitled to sth. / be entitled to do sth.
They are entitled to their own opinions, even if we do not agree with them.
尽管我们不认同他们，但他们也有权拥有自己的观点。
22.safeguard our security：确保我们的安全
The purpose of this is to safeguard our security.
这样做的目的是确保我们的安全。
23.arms race：国家间的军备竞赛
These countries have been trying to put an end to the arms race.
这些国家尝试停止相互间的军备竞赛。
24.budget deficit：预算赤字(即政府的开支大于收入)
The company had ran a major budget deficit for the first two years before it started to make profit.
这家公司在开业的前两年一直承受着严重的财政亏损，后来才开始赢利。
25.government spending /government expenditure：政府开支
The British government attempted to cut back on government spending.
英国政府计划削减政府的开销。
26.be at the taxpayer's expense：花费纳税人的钱
The research plan was carried out at the taxpayer's expense.
这项研究是在花费纳税人钱的基础上得以运行的。
27.subsidise sth.：(政府)对某行业给予补贴
In this country, farming is partly subsidised by the government.
在这个国家，农业是可以获得政府的部分补贴的。
28.allocate money to sth.：拨款给....
The British government will allocate two million pounds to the NationalHealth Service (NHS).
英国政府将向国家健康服务中心(NHS)提供一份200万英镑的拨款。
29.trade barriers：(国家之间的)贸易壁垒
Some people believe that trade barriers are necessary in order to protect domestic industries.
一些人认为为了保护本国工业，贸易壁垒是必须存在的。
30.free trade：(国家间的)自由贸易
Many people believe that free trade can help countries to make the most efficient use of their available resources.
许多人相信自由贸易能够让国家最有效地使用其自有资源。
31.hunger and poverty：饥饿与贫困
Some third-world countries are continually fighting hunger and poverty.
有些第三世界国家在长期与饥饿和贫困做抗争。
32.wealth and prosperity：财富与繁荣
Some people argue that the more knowledge they have, the greater their wealth and prosperity.
有人认为掌握的知识越多，他们就会越成功富有。
33.underprivileged：adi.弱势群体的
In some countries, the government runs school feeding programmes so that underprivileged children can have enough food.
在一些国家，是由政府来运作学校的伙食的，这样那些弱势群体出身的孩子就可以吃上足够的食物了。
34.insurance premium：保险费
Some people argue that free health coverage for people who can pay health insurance premiums is a waste of public resources.
一些人认为提供给那些支付得起医疗费用的人免费的医疗保险完全是浪费公共的资源。
35.low-interest loans：低息贷款
The World Bank offers long-term low-interest loans and provides technical assistance to more than 100 less-developed countries.
世界银行向超过 100个不发达国家都提供了低息的长期贷款以及技术支持。
36.safeguard social stability：保障社会稳定
Some people argue that international aid promotes growth indirectly in less developed countries by safeguarding social stability.
一些人认为国际援助使得当地社会更加稳定，从而间接地促进了当地的发展。
37.enhance relations between countries：改善国家间的关系
Joint efforts to develop eco-tourism can also enhance relations between countries.
在环保旅行方面的合作也同样有利于改善国家的关系。
38.a chronic problem：持续存在的问题
Gradate unemployment has been a chronic problem in the UK.
学生毕业即失业的问题是英国长期面临的一个难题。
39.a chronic shortage of：对某事物的长期缺乏
There has been a chronic shortage of housing in this region.
这个地区的住房长期短缺。
40.international aid：国际援助
Part of the international aid was not getting through to the refugees(难民).
一部分的国际援助实际上根本到不了难民的手中。
（五）环境
1.disposable...：一次性的(用品等)
It seems efforts to restrain the use of disposable chopsticks face many obstacles.
看起来反对使用一次性筷子的计划面临着许多障碍。
2.vicious circle：恶性循环
She got caught in a vicious circle of dieting and weight gain.
她陷入到了节食和增重的恶性循环里。
3.non-biodegradable material：生物不可降解的材料(比如易导致“白色污染”的材料)
Non-biodegradable material does not decay or dissolve away by natural forces.
由生物不可降解材料制成的物品不会因自然力而腐烂或溶解。
4.pollution reduction：减少污染
pollution reduction would depend on educating the Long-term traffic and public to use public transport more, and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.
长期的交通和污染的减少取决于教育公众更多地使用公共交通，也取决于政府使用公共资金去建立并运行更加有效的公交体系。
5.hydro-electric power：水电
Clean sources of energy include solar, wind, hydro-electric and nuclear power.
清洁能源包括太阳能、风能、水能和核能。
6.the biosphere：(地球上的)生物圈
Scientists are wondering what effects global warming will have on the biosphere.
科学家们好奇全球变暖会给生态环境带来怎样的影响。
7.equilibrium：平衡的较正式表达
Destruction of old material and formation of new material are in permanent dynamic equilibrium.
旧成分的破坏与新成分的生成处在一种持续不断的动态平衡里。
8.ozone layer：臭氧层
Scientists have been worried about the hole in the ozone layer which appeared over Antarctica.
科学家们对南极上空出现的臭氧空洞十分担忧。
9.cause irreversible damage：导致不可逆转的破坏
In some countries, air pollution is causing irreversible damage to the environment.
在一些国家，大气污染会对环境做出一些不可逆转的破坏。
10.be permanently damaged：遭到永久性的破坏
The ecosystem that plays a part in natural processes such as climate or the food chain may be permanently damaged.
在自然界中一旦食物链或气候发生永久性的破坏，生物系统就要扮演起重要角色。
11.car emissions：汽车的尾气排放
Cities across the UK are cracking down on air pollution by enforcing strict car emission control.
英国的大小城市都在通过实施严格的汽车尾气限制条例来削减大气污染。
12.exhaust fumes：汽车尾气
Exhaust fumes contain carbon monoxide and can be extremely dangerous.
汽车尾气中含有的一氧化碳是极度危险的气体。
13.seawater desalination：海水淡化
Seawater desalination involves removing the salt from water to make it drinkable.
海水淡化是指去除海水中的盐分，使其可以饮用。
14.be saturated with...：过度饱和，充斥着……
The air has been saturated with harmful chemicals, dust and other contaminants.
空气中饱含着有害化学物质、尘埃和其他污染物。
15.upset the ecosystem：扰乱生态系统
The Gulf of Mexico oil spill has greatly upset the ecosystem.
墨西哥湾漏油事件是对生态系统的一次极大打击。
16.redress the ecological balance：恢复生态平衡
In these circumstances, government intervention is important to redress the ecological balance.
在这种情况下，政府对恢复生态平衡所做出的努力就显得至关重要。
17.discharge：排放
Large amounts of industrial waste are discharged daily by the factory.
这家工厂每天都要排放大量的工业废品。
18.at the expense of sth. / sb.：以……为代价
They accused BP(英国石油公司) of pursuing profit at the expense of the environment.
他们指责英国石油公司是在牺牲环境的基础上追求赢利的。
19.Ecological degradation：生态恶化
Ecological degradation means the deterioration of the environment, the destruction of ecosystems or the extinction of wildlife.
生态恶化意味着环境的变坏、生态的毁灭和野生动物的灭绝。
20.be in short supply：处在短缺状态中
Raw materials are in short supply.
原材料的供给处于短缺状态。
（六）动物
1.animal exploitation：(为了满足人类的需要而)滥用动物
Animal exploitation includes raising animals for food and clothing, using animals in entertainments and testing medicines, cosmetics(化妆品) or household products on animals.
滥用动物资源包括滥用动物制的食物和衣物，使用动物来试验药品、化妆品或其他家用用品。
2.birds of prey / beasts of prey：食肉鸟类/食肉类野兽
Parrots and birds of prey are often held chained up.
鹦鹉与猛禽经常会被链子束缚。
3.pharmaceutical company：制药公司
Some pharmaceutical companies are heavily involved in animal testing.
一些制药公司极度依赖用动物进行试验。
4.animal testing /animal experimentation：动物试验
A wide variety of animals have used for animal testing, including primates, mice, rabbits, cats and dogs.
各种各样的动物被用于动物实验，包括灵长类、老鼠、兔子、猫和狗。
（七）家用电器
1.in good condition：处于良好的状态
The antique furniture has been so well-kept that it's still in good condition.
那件古董家具被保存得十分完好。
2.in mint condition：(物品)完好无损的
Miley's bike has never been used, It's in mint condition.
麦莉的自行车从来没被用过，它保持得完好无损。
3.The battery has run down.：电池用光了
I can't use my mobile phone because the battery has run down.
我的手机因没电而关机了。
4.on the blink：（家用电器）出故障了
The coffee makeris on the blink again.
咖啡机又出故障了。
5.clunky：adj.笨重的
Sophia has a slow and clunky computer.
苏菲有一台又慢又笨重的电脑。
6.cumbersome：笨重的，不方便使用的
A cumbersome camera is now a thing of the past.
笨重的照相机已经只属于历史了。
（八）发展
1.facilitate the development of sth.：促进某事物的发展
This company facilitated the development of cloud computing with some of its large-scale research projects.
通过一批大规模的研究项目，这个公司促进了云计算技术的发展。
2.inhibit the development of sth./arrest the development of sth.：阻碍某事物的发展
Failure to establish an efficient transport network inhibited/arrested the development of international trade.
建立有效运输网络的失败严重阻碍了国际贸易的发展。
3.lag behind：落后，发展滞后
The auto industry in this country is starting to lag behind that in other countries.
这个国家的汽车产业开始落后于其他国家的水平。
4.forge ahead：高速发展
Information technology has forged ahead in the last two decades.
在过去的 20年里，信息技术经历了高速发展。
5.has improved beyond all recognition：已经今非昔比
Working conditions at the company have improved beyond all recognition during the past two decades.
在过去的20年间，在公司的工作条件早已今非昔比了。
6.be an instrument of social change：是一种引起社会变革的因素
Some people believe that art is the most important instrument of social change.
有些人相信艺术是引起社会变革的最重要的因素。
7.bring sth. to a standstill：停滞不前
The crisis is threatening to bring the economy to a standstill.
这场危机使我们的经济有停滞不前的危险。
8.There has been a shift in...：发生某种改变
There has been a major shift in public opinion.
公众的想法有了显著的改变。
9.shift emphasis /attention / focus from... to...：把重点/注意力/焦点转到……上面
The government's economic policy has been to shift the emphasis from the heavy industry to the light industry.
政府的经济发展重点开始从重工业转变为轻工业。
10.the economic swings of boom and slump：经济的起落
Employment is subject to the economic swings of boom and slump.
就业率是和经济的起伏息息相关的。
11.ripple effect / chain reaction：涟漪效应，连锁反应
The war could set off a chain reaction that would put the whole world at risk.
这场战争所带来的一系列连锁反应将威胁到整个世界的安危。
12.knowledge economy：知识经济
An inquiring mind and the ability to combine ideas are the essential characteristics of a workforce in the knowledge economy.
在当今的知识经济时代，一个人的工作能力的核心基础就是要拥有一颗求知的心以及整合不同意见的能力。
13.relentless urbanisation：毫无间断的城市化过程
Many people believe that the relentless urbanisation has resulted in urban poverty, joblessness and crime.
许多人相信不停歇的城市化过程将最终带来城市内的贫穷、失业和犯罪等问题。
14.the influx of…：....的大量涌入
The heavy influx of tourists has led to increased stress on local infrastructure and services.
旅游者的大量涌入导致了本地基础设施和服务的巨大压力。
15.pedestrian zone/car-free zone：步行区
The car-free zone will protect the environment around the historic city centre.
步行区可以保护城市内历史遗址周围的环境。
16.noisy and smoggy：吵闹且空气污染严重的
Green cars will free us up from the noisy and smoggy streets.
环保汽车将可以把我们从喧闹且污染严重的街道中解救出来。
17.be made/rendered obsolete by sth.：原本存在的某种工具或技术被新生事物取代或者淘汰
Typewriters have been rendered obsolete by computers.
打字机已经被电脑所取代了。
18.population ageing：人口老龄化
Population ageing has emerged in many developing countries as well.
人口老龄化在许多发展中国家中是一个普遍的问题。
19.birth rate：出生率
The birth rate in England has fallen to an all-time low.
英格兰的婴儿出生率降到了历史最低点。
20.population density：人口密度
The population density of London is more than ten times that of any other British region.
伦敦的人口密度要在其他英国地区的十倍以上。
21.be old-fashioned：老式的
Old-fashioned as it may be, corporal punishment is often effective in enforcing authority.
尽管体罚是如此老式的一种教育形式，但它在实行中往往被证明是非常有效的。
22.avant-garde：adj.(绘画、电影、音乐等)前卫的
Audiences have been reminded that they must work very hard to understand this avant-garde film.
观众们被提醒到他们需要非常努力才能理解这部前卫的电影。
23.a critical juncture：关键时期
With the economy at a critical juncture, the government is unlikely to make such a risky move.
在经济形式如此关键的时刻，政府不太可能做出冒险的行为。
24.sth. has ushered in...：某事物带来了……(某种新事物或者新的局面)
The conference has ushered in a period of international stability and cooperation.
这次会议带来了一段国际间稳定合作的时期。
25.has fundamentally changed sth.：彻底改变了某事物
This film has fundamentally changed the film industry.
这部电影从基础上彻底颠覆了电影行业。
26.sth. remains a necessity：(某事物)仍然是必需的
In that period, barriers to trade were high and thus operationally-independent branches remained a necessity.
在现阶段，贸易壁垒仍然很高，所以可以自主运营的分公司仍然是非常必需的。
27.sth. is no longer a necessity：(某事物)已经不再是必要的
Screensavers are no longer a necessity for us.
屏幕保护程序对我们来说已经不再是必需的了。
28.be counterproductive：适得其反的，距离预期目标越来越远的使用的表达
The continuous use of chemicals for the control of pests is proving to be counterproductive.
为了控制害虫而持续使用化学药品正在被证明适得其反。
29.cause as many problems as sth. solves：(某种发展)所带来的问题和它解决的问题一样多
This solution may cause as many problems as it solves.
这个解决方案所带来的新问题和它解决的问题一样多。
30.not etched /carved in stone：(某事物)并不是一成不变的
The rules are not etched/carved in stone; they can be altered(修改) to suit the changing circumstances.
(局面)规则并非是一成不变的，它们可以随着局面的改变也随之有所调整。
31.not set in stone：不是一成不变的
These issues should be discussed ---- nothing is set in stone.
这些问题是可以讨论的--没有什么是一成不变的。
32.an age-old problem：存在多年的问题
New strategies are needed to combat the age-old problem of discrimination at work.
对于存在多年的工作上的歧视问题，确实需要新的策略来予以解决。
33.an enduring problem：持续存在的问题
Even though many countries have agreed to join hands to solve environmental problems, the lack of coordination of policies and programmes remains an enduring problem.
尽管许多国家同意联合起来解决环境问题，但合作中出现的缺乏协调和缺乏统一规范现象还有待解决。
34.pose a problem for sb.：对....来说是一个有待解决的问题
The fact that the costs were so high must have posed a problem for thecommpany.事实上如此大的花费对于公司来说是个有待解决的问题。
35.pose a threat to sth.：对某事物构成威胁
The continuous use of chemicals for the control of pests, which poses a threat to agricultural crops and human health, is proving to be counterproductive.
为控制害虫持续使用化学药品从而对农作物和人类健康构成威胁的做法正在被证明适得其反。
36.sluggish economy：停滞不前的经济
The UK economy has been very sluggish these past few years.
在过去的几年中，英国经济一直停滞不前。
（九）过去与家庭
1.sth. runs in the family：(某种特征或品质)在家庭成员间世代相传
Many people believe athletic ability runs in the family.
许多人相信运动天赋是在家庭成员间世代流传的。
2.someone's attachment to sb. /sth.：对某人或某事物的依恋
Excessive attachment to past failures often prevents people from seizing new opportunities fearlessly.
对过往失败的过度纠结，常阻碍人们无畏地抓住新机遇。
3.be estranged from sb.：与亲友们疏远的
It is sad to see some grown-up children estranged from their parents.
看到一些长大成年的儿女与他们的父母疏远了关系真是一件悲伤的事情。
4.empty-nest syndrome：空巢综合症(指子女长大成人离开家后父母所感受到的寂寞和孤独感)
Mrs. Johnson is suffering from empty-nest syndrome.
约翰森夫人正在经受空巢综合症所带来的煎熬。
5.the sense of obligation：责任感
Parents’sense of obligation could make them overly demanding.
家长的责任感会使得他们对子女要求过高。
6.fulfil someone's obligation：尽到责任
Even though these parents can fulfil their financial obligations to their children, they cannot meet their children's emotional needs.
尽管这些父母可以尽到他们对孩子在经济方面的责任，然而他们却不能满足孩子的情感需求。
7.breadwinner：n.家庭中养家糊口的那个人
Many women are now the breadwinners in their family.
如今许多女人成为了家庭中养家糊口的顶梁柱。
8.financial burden：经济负担
It was a huge financial burden on Alfie who was the only breadwinner of his family.
由于阿尔菲是他家里养家糊口的那个人，他身上的经济压力非常大。
9.gender prejudice：性别偏见
It also allows more equality among pupils and gives more opportunity to all those at the school to choose more freely without gender prejudice.
这会给学生之间带来更多的平等而且可以给学生更多机会无需考虑性别偏见地去选择所学内容。
10.take sb. /sth. for granted：忽视某人的帮助或把某事当成想当然的
After a while the couple began to take each other for granted.
过了一段时间后，夫妻间开始把彼此间的帮助看成是天经地义的事了。
11.charity begins at home.：仁爱始于亲友
Critics who dismiss "charity begins at home" as selfish ignore its essence: caring for those closest lays the emotional foundation to support broader altruism.
那些将“行善先尽孝”斥为自私的批评者，忽略了其本质:关爱至亲能筑牢情感根基，支撑更广泛的利他行为。
12.have fond memories/recollections of sth：对……有很美好的回忆
Most of us have fond memories/recollections of our childhoods.
我们中的大多数人都对童年有着美好的回忆。
13.household chores：日常的家务事
Most parents believe that children should participate in household chores such as cooking, washing and cleaning.
多数家长相信孩子应该多参加像做饭、洗碗、洗衣服等家务劳动。
14.love and devotion：关爱，英语中这两个名词经常连用
Sometimes a pet can provide a person with a new focus for his/her love and devotion.
有时候养只宠物可以提供给人一个新的关爱对象。
15.love, honour and cherish：珍惜
The couple will love , honour and cherish each other, in good times and in bad.
夫妇间要无论贵贱，相互珍惜，相互关爱。
16.Absence makes the heart grow fonder.：久别情更深
We find it much easier to get along with our parents when we live away from home.Absence makes the heart grow fonder.
当我们远离父母生活时往往能与他们相处得更融洽。毕竟“久别情更深”嘛。
17.bring up：抚养
Children should be brought up to respect the law.
应该从小教育孩子要遵纪守法。
18.raise sb.：抚养
Some people claim that children with both parents raising them are far less likely to end up in jail than those raised by mothers alone.
有人声称由单亲母亲养大的孩子要远比双亲家庭的孩子更容易犯罪入狱。
19.child-rearing：抚养孩子
Child-rearing can be a difficult yet rewarding responsibility.
抚养孩子是一种困难但是很有成就感的责任。
20.maternal instinct：母性的本能
It is generally believed that women have maternal instincts that somehow make them better parents than fathers are.
人们普遍相信女人拥有母性的本能，这使得她们往往是比爸爸们更好的家长。
21.nurturing instinct：关心儿童的本能
Some people believe that the nurturing instinct can shape women's careers.
有人相信关心儿童的本能可以成就一个女人的事业。
22.be divorced：离异的
Teachers should be more sensitive to the needs of the students whose parents are divorced.
老师们应该对那些父母离异的学生的需求更敏感一些。
（十）解决方案
1.pave the way for sth.：(比喻)为……铺平道路
Scientists hope the data from this expedition will pave the way for a more detailed exploration of Mars.
科学家们希望这次探险所带来的数据可以为未来人类更详尽地探索火星铺平道路。
2.lay the groundwork for sth.：为某事物的发展打下基础
The committee will meet today to lay the groundwork for talks next month.
委员会将在今天举行会议并为下个月的会谈做好基础准备。
3.take precautions against sth.：采取预防措施
The same rules and precautions apply to a credit card used as a cash card.
同样的规定与预防措施也适用于作为现金卡使用的信用卡。
4.stumbling block：障碍物，阻碍取得进展的事物或难点
However, there is still a big stumbling block.
但仍然存在一个巨大的障碍。
5.well-intentioned：adi.本意是好的(但往往带来负面的结果)
Well-intentioned development projects can have unexpected effects on the environment.
出发点是好的的发展项目却会对环境产生意料不到的影响。
6.be a necessary evil：有负面影响但又不得不做的事
They claim that getting a home mortgage is a necessary evil these days.
他们宣称申请家庭贷款在如今是一件错误但又不得不做的事。
7.the lesser of two evils：两个负面的事物中坏处较小的一个
In environmental policy debates, choosing to invest incleaner fossil fuels as the lesser of two evils may buytime, but it cannot replace the urgent need for renewable energy transition.
在环境政策辩论中，选择投资更清洁的化石燃料作为“两害相权取其轻”之举或许能争取时间，但无法替代向可再生能源转型的迫切需求。
8.adopt a wait-and-see attitude：持观望态度
No firm decision will be made until next month so we'll have to wait and see.
公司不会在下个月前做出决定，所以我们只好持观望态度。
9.aggravate sth./ exacerbate sth.：导致某事变得更糟
Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of traffic congestion.
对城市中心区域的停车管制却进一步恶化了交通拥堵的问题。
10.a feasible alternative to...：可行的替代方案
Some people claim that there is still no practically feasible alternative to using animals for food and clothing.
有人宣称目前还没有对使用动物作为食物和衣物来源的可代替方案。
11.a viable alternative to...：行之有效的替代方案
They consider it a viable alternative to the present system of welfare benefits.他们认为这是对现行福利系统的一个行之有效的替代方案。
12.the last resort：仅剩的最后一个方案
In maintaining social order, harsh punishment should be the last resort; prevention and education deserve more investment first.
维护社会秩序时，重罚应是最后手段预防和教育理应先得到更多投入。
13.have no option but to do sth.：别无选择只能....
Faced with violent criminals threatening citizens, the police have no option but to take immediate action to ensure public safety.
面对威胁市民的暴力罪犯，警方别无选择，只能立即行动保障公共安全。
14.It's about time.../It's high time...：早就该...
It's about time governments worldwide strengthened cooperation to combat climate change, before irreversible damage occurs.
早该是世界各国政府加强合作应对气候变化的时候了，别等出现不可逆破坏。
15.tackle a problem：解决一个问题
They proposed a new initiative to tackle the shortage of teachers.
他们制定出了一项新的行动计划来应对教师短缺的问题。
16.overcome an obstacle：克服障碍
If you want to overcome an obstacle, make sure you don't get sidetracked.
如果你想要克服一个障碍，那么你要确定你不会再去逃避它。
17.a desirable ideal rather than anachievable reality：只是一个美好的愿望却不是一个能够实现的目标
For now, teleporting humans like in sci -fi movies is a desirable ideal rather than an achievable reality, as the laws of physics and technological limits pose huge barriers.
就目前而言，像科幻电影里那样传送人类，是理想愿景而非可实现的现实，因为物理定律和技术限制构成了巨大障碍 。
18.adds fuel to the fire：火上浇油
When community tensions rise over resource shortages, spreading baseless rumors only adds fuel to the fire, making reconciliation even harder.
当社区因资源短缺矛盾升级，传播无根据谣言只会火上浇油，让和解愈发艰难。
扫一扫
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
