Spring Data ElasticSearch的基本使用

一、Spring Data简介

Spring Data是一个用于简化数据库访问，并支持云服务的开源框架。其主要目标是使得对数据的访问变得方便快捷，并支持map-reduce框架和云计算数据服务。 Spring Data可以极大的简化JPA的写法，可以在几乎不用写实现的情况下，实现对数据的访问和操作。除了CRUD外，还包括如分页、排序等一些常用的功能。

二、Spring Data ElasticSearch简介

Spring Data ElasticSearch 基于 spring data API 简化 elasticSearch操作，将原始操作elasticSearch的客户端API 进行封装 。Spring Data为Elasticsearch项目提供集成搜索引擎。Spring Data Elasticsearch POJO的关键功能区域为中心的模型与Elastichsearch交互文档和轻松地编写一个存储库数据访问层。

三、基础入门案例

1.导入Spring Data ElasticSearch坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.16.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

2.启动器配置文件

package com.example.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
	}
	
}

spring:
	data:
		elasticsearch:
			cluster-name: my-elasticsearch
			cluster-nodes: 192.168.220.100:9300

3.编写实体Article

@Document(indexName = "lxs_blog", type = "article")
public class Article {
	@Id
	@Field(type = FieldType.Long, store = true)
	private long id;
	@Field(type = FieldType.Text, store = true, analyzer = "ik_smart")
	private String title;
	@Field(type = FieldType.Text, store = true, analyzer = "ik_smart")
	private String content;
	。。。
}

4.编写Dao

方法命名规则查询的基本语法findBy + 属性 + 关键词 + 连接符 + 属性 + 关键词。。。
方法中使用like才会分词

package com.lxs.esdemo2.dao;

import com.lxs.esdemo2.domain.Article;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;

import java.util.List;

public interface ArticleDao extends ElasticsearchRepository<Article, Long> {

    public List<Article> findByTitleLike(String title);

    public List<Article> findByTitle(String title);

    public List<Article> findByTitleLikeOrContent(String title, String content);

    public List<Article> findByTitleOrContent(String title, String content, Pageable pageable);

}

5.创建测试类

package com.lxs.esdemo2;


import com.lxs.esdemo2.dao.ArticleDao;
import com.lxs.esdemo2.domain.Article;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.AggregationBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.bucket.terms.StringTerms;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.aggregation.AggregatedPage;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.FetchSourceFilter;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQuery;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQueryBuilder;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class EsDemo2ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private ArticleDao dao;

    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchTemplate template;

    @Test
    public void createIndex() {
//        template.createIndex(Article.class);
        //配置mapping
        template.putMapping(Article.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void addDocument() throws Exception {
        for (int i = 1; i <= 20; i++) {
            //创建一个Article对象
            Article article = new Article();
            article.setId(new Long(i));
            article.setTitle("女护士路遇昏迷男子跪地抢救：救人是职责更是本能" + i);
            article.setContent("这是一个美丽的女护士妹妹" + i);
            //把文档写入索引库
            dao.save(article);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteDocumentById() throws Exception {
        dao.deleteById(3l);
        //全部删除
//        articleRepository.deleteAll();
    }

    @Test
    public void findAll() {
        dao.findAll().forEach(System.out :: println);
    }

    @Test
    public void findById() {
        System.out.println(dao.findById(1l));
    }

    @Test
    public void findByTitle() {
        dao.findByTitleLike("美丽女护士").forEach(System.out :: println);
    }

    @Test
    public void findByTitleOrContent() {
        dao.findByTitleLikeOrContent("美丽女护士", "男护士").forEach(System.out :: println);
    }

    @Test
    public void findByTitlePage() {
        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(1, 5);
        dao.findByTitleOrContent("女护士","女护士", pageable).forEach(System.out :: println);
    }

    @Test
    public void testNativeSearchQuery() throws  Exception {
        NativeSearchQuery query = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder()
                .withQuery(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("女护士").defaultField("title"))
                .withPageable(PageRequest.of(1, 5))
                .build();
        template.queryForList(query, Article.class).forEach(System.out :: println);
    }

}