Playwright实战：文件上传与下载

1. 文件上传与下载的概念

• 文件上传：将本地文件发送到服务器，常见于表单提交或文件输入框。

• 文件下载：从服务器获取文件并保存到本地，常见于下载链接或API响应。

2. Playwright文件上传的实现

• 定位文件输入框：如何定位文件输入框并上传文件。

  Python复制

  from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
  
  def upload_file():
      with sync_playwright() as p:
          browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False)
          page = browser.new_page()
          page.goto("https://example-upload-page.com")
          page.locator("#file-input").set_input_files("path/to/your/file.txt")
          page.locator("#upload-button").click()
          page.wait_for_selector("#upload-success")
          print("文件上传成功！")
          browser.close()
  
  upload_file()

3. Playwright文件下载的实现

• 配置下载路径：如何配置下载路径并捕获下载事件。

  Python复制

  from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
  import os
  
  def download_file():
      download_dir = "path/to/download/directory"
      os.makedirs(download_dir, exist_ok=True)
  
      with sync_playwright() as p:
          browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False)
          context = browser.new_context()
          context.set_default_timeout(30000)
          context.set_download_path(download_dir)
          page = context.new_page()
          page.goto("https://example-download-page.com")
          page.locator("#download-button").click()
          with page.expect_download() as download_info:
              page.locator("#download-button").click()
          download = download_info.value
          download.save_as(os.path.join(download_dir, "downloaded_file.txt"))
          print("文件下载成功！")
          browser.close()
  
  download_file()

4. 实战示例：文件上传与下载

• 代码示例：结合文件上传和下载功能，测试一个文件处理应用。

  Python复制

  from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
  import os
  
  def test_file_handling():
      download_dir = "path/to/download/directory"
      os.makedirs(download_dir, exist_ok=True)
  
      with sync_playwright() as p:
          browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False)
          context = browser.new_context()
          context.set_default_timeout(30000)
          context.set_download_path(download_dir)
          page = context.new_page()
          page.goto("https://example-file-handling-app.com")
          # 文件上传
          page.locator("#file-input").set_input_files("path/to/your/file.txt")
          page.locator("#upload-button").click()
          page.wait_for_selector("#upload-success")
          # 文件下载
          page.locator("#download-button").click()
          with page.expect_download() as download_info:
              page.locator("#download-button").click()
          download = download_info.value
          download.save_as(os.path.join(download_dir, "downloaded_file.txt"))
          print("文件处理测试成功！")
          browser.close()
  
  test_file_handling()

5. 注意事项

• 文件路径：确保文件路径正确，避免因路径问题导致上传或下载失败。

• 权限问题：确保下载目录具有写入权限。

• 超时设置：合理设置超时时间，避免因网络问题导致测试失败。

• 环境配置：确保测试环境与生产环境一致，避免因环境差异导致问题。

6. 总结

Playwright的文件上传和下载功能在自动化测试中非常实用，能够有效验证文件处理流程的正确性。通过合理使用这些功能，可以提高测试的覆盖率和可靠性。希望本文能帮助你在实际项目中更好地应用Playwright的文件处理功能。

这篇博客通过深入讲解Playwright的文件上传和下载功能，结合实际代码示例和注意事项，帮助读者掌握Playwright在文件处理测试中的应用。