电子信息工程学院 2020 级电气工程及其自动化专业电力系统潮流上机计算
电力系统潮流上机计算
摘要
电力系统是现代社会不可或缺的基础设施之一，它的正常运行关系到整个社会的发展
和稳定。电力系统潮流计算是电力系统运行分析的基础，它能够计算出电力系统各节点的
电流、电压、功率等参数，为电力系统的稳定运行提供重要的参考依据。本文基于牛顿-
拉夫逊法和 PQ 分解法，利用 matlab 编程实现电力系统潮流上机计算。本文的设计意义在
于探索不同的潮流计算方法，提高电力系统潮流计算的准确性和效率。对比了牛顿-拉夫
逊法和 PQ 分解法两种潮流计算方法，分析了它们的特点。牛顿-拉夫逊法适用于复杂的电
力系统，可以处理任意类型的负荷和发电机，但需要较长的计算时间和较大的存储器。PQ
分解法则适用于较小的电力系统，计算时间和存储空间要求较低，但对于非线性系统和不
平衡负荷处理不够灵活。本文以陈珩教授的《电力系统稳态分析（第四板）》中的例 4-4
为例，解析了题目的给定条件，并通过矩阵计算得到了系统的节点电压和各支路潮流。程
序设计中，本文给出了详细的程序流程图，并对结果进行了分析。通过对比牛顿-拉夫逊
法和 PQ 分解法的结果，发现两种方法得出的潮流值基本一致，但牛顿-拉夫逊法耗时更长。
综上，本文基于牛顿-拉夫逊法和 PQ 分解法，利用 matlab 编程实现了电力系统潮流
上机计算。本文的研究对电力系统的潮流计算具有一定的参考价值，为电力系统潮流计算
提供了新的思路和方法。希望通过该研究，可以为电力系统的运行和管理提供更科学、更
有效的决策支持，进而促进电力系统的发展和优化。
关键词：电力系统潮流上级计算；MATLAB；牛顿-拉夫逊法；PQ 分解法
电子信息工程学院 2020 级电气工程及其自动化专业电力系统潮流上机计算
Power system power flow computer calculation
Abstract
Author's name: Zhang Yuchao Zip code: 071000
The power system is one of the indispensable infrastructures of modern society, and its
normal operation is related to the development and stability of the whole society. Power system
power flow calculation is the basis of power system operation analysis. It can calculate the
current, voltage, power and other parameters of each node of the power system, and provide an
important reference for the stable operation of the power system. Based on the Newton-Raphson
method and PQ decomposition method, this paper uses matlab programming to realize the power
system power flow calculation on the computer. The design significance of this paper is to
explore different power flow calculation methods to improve the accuracy and efficiency of
power system power flow calculation. Two power flow calculation methods, Newton-Raphson
method and PQ decomposition method are compared, and their characteristics are analyzed. The
Newton-Raphson method is suitable for complex power systems and can handle any type of
loads and generators, but requires a long calculation time and a large memory. The PQ
decomposition method is suitable for smaller power systems, and requires less computing time
and storage space, but it is not flexible enough for nonlinear systems and unbalanced loads. This
paper takes example 4-4 in Professor Chen Heng's "Steady State Analysis of Electric Power
System (Fourth Board)" as an example, analyzes the given conditions of the topic, and obtains
the node voltage of the system and the power flow of each branch through matrix calculation . In
program design, this paper gives a detailed program flow chart and analyzes the results. By
comparing the results of the Newton-Raphson method and the PQ decomposition method, it is
found that the power flow values obtained by the two methods are basically the same, but the
Newton-Raphson method takes longer.
In summary, based on the Newton-Raphson method and PQ decomposition method, this
paper realizes the power system power flow calculation on the computer by using matlab
programming. The research in this paper has a certain reference value for the power flow
calculation of the power system, and provides a new idea and method for the power system
power flow calculation. It is hoped that through this research, more scientific and effective
decision support can be provided for the operation and management of the power system, and
then the development and optimization of the power system can be promoted.
Key words: superordinate calculation of power system power flow; MATLAB;
Newton-Raphson method; PQ decomposition method
电子信息工程学院 2020 级电气工程及其自动化专业电力系统潮流上机计算
电子信息工程学院 2020 级电气工程及其自动化专业电力系统潮流上机计算
目 录
一、概述 ....................................................................5
1.1 设计背景 .............................................................5
1.2 设计意义 .............................................................5
1.2.1 帮助电力系统规划处实现电力系统规划的最优化 ......................6
1.2.2 帮助电力系统运行部门实现电力系统的稳定运行 ......................6
1.2.3 帮助电力系统故障分析和排除 ......................................6
1.3 设计要求 .............................................................6
二、计算方法 ................................................................6
2.1 牛顿拉夫逊法潮流计算 .................................................6
2.2 PQ 分解法潮流计算 ....................................................7
三、题目解析（题目电气接线图，题目的给定条件，题目的矩阵计算等） ............8
3.1 题目接线图与给定条件 .................................................8
3.2 节点导纳矩阵的形成 ...................................................9
3.3 牛顿-拉夫逊法原理 ...................................................13
3.4 牛顿-拉夫逊法在潮流计算的应用 .......................................14
3.5PQ 分解法在潮流计算的应用 ............................................15
四、程序设计（包括程序流程图，结果分析等） .................................17
4.1 牛顿拉夫逊法潮流计算 ................................................17
4.1.1 程序流程图 .....................................................17
4.1.2 结果分析 .......................................................19
4.2PQ 分解法潮流计算 ....................................................23
4.2.1 程序流程图 .....................................................23
4.2.2 结果分析 .......................................................24
五、总结 ...................................................................25
六、参考文献 ...............................................................26
七、附录 ...................................................................27
7.1 牛顿拉夫逊法代码 ....................................................27
