Contenido

VIGAS .................................................................................................................................................2
Área Máximo ..................................................................................................................................3
As formula general .........................................................................................................................3
REFORZAR A COMPRESION ................................................................................................................7
Diseño armado Final de Viga I, II y III ..................................................................................................9
INTEGRACION DE CARGAS ............................................................................................................10
Diseño por fuerza cortante sección 18.4.24 .....................................................................................19
Losas.................................................................................................................................................25
VIGAS
Redimensionamientos

Tabla 9.3.1.1 (ACI 318S-14)

h=L/16

h=L/18.5

h=L/21

h=L/8

para grado fy=60, si no es grado 60° se multiplica

h=( L/# )( 0.4+ fy/700 )

Nilson

Viga Principal = 8% L (por un marco o apoyados en columnas)

Viga Secundaria = 6%L (que no está apoyada en columnas o en marco)

𝒉 𝒉
b= −
𝟑 𝟐

2 varillas
Ejemplo

2 varillas
Varillas mínimas #3

L= 3m h=18.75 b= 6.25

Pero no cumple con lo mínimo en zona sísmica entonces h=25 y b=25

Si L=6m, h=37m, b=12.5m

h, si cumple, pero b, No cumple entonces b=25

Área de acero As=Ƿbwd

Acero Minimo
𝟎.𝟐𝟓√𝒇′𝒄
a) As min = 𝒃𝒘𝒅 se utiliza el mayor en los cálculos
𝒇𝒚
𝟏𝟒
b) As min= 𝒃𝒘𝒅
𝒇𝒚
Área Máximo
Ƿmax=0.5 Ƿb bwd
Siempre se usa 0.50
Ƿmax = (0.5-0.75) Ƿb bwd
𝑩,𝒇′𝒄 𝟔𝟎𝟗𝟎
Ƿb=0.85 [kg/cm²]
𝒇𝒚 𝟔𝟎𝟗𝟎+𝒇𝒚

𝑩,𝒇′𝒄 𝟖𝟕,𝟎𝟎𝟎
Ƿb=0.85 [PSI]
𝒇𝒚 𝟖𝟕,𝟎𝟎𝟎+𝒇𝒚

As Tablas
K
𝑀𝑢
= w (1-0.59w)
ф𝑏𝑑²𝑓′𝑐

𝒇𝒚
W=Ƿ
𝒇′𝒄

As formula general
𝒇′𝒄 𝑴𝒖𝒃𝒘
As=𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∗ [(𝒃𝒘𝒅) − √(𝒃𝒘𝒅)𝟐 − ]
𝒇𝒚 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒇′𝒄

F’c; fy = kg/cm² Mu=kg-cm

bwd = cm
Mu = 3550kg-m X 100cm

b=30 ф=0.90
d=40 f’c=280

k=0.0293
Se desea investigar cuanto soporta la siguiente viga y cuál es su cargar viva

Wu=Cu=1.2 CM + 1.6 CV
𝑊𝑢𝐿²
Mu= r=5cm
8
𝑀𝑢
= w(1-059w) f’c=210 kg/cm²
ф𝑏𝑑²𝑓′𝑐

Fy= 2800 kg/cm²

𝒇𝒚
W=Ƿ
𝒇′𝒄

As=ƿ bw d

As=2 # 7 + 1 # 5

As 2(3.88) + 1(1.98) = 9.74cm²

d=h-r= 50 – 5 = 45 cm

𝑨𝒔 𝟗.𝟕𝟒 𝒄𝒎²
Ƿ= = =0.0087
𝒃𝒘𝒅 𝟐𝟓(𝟒𝟓)𝒄𝒎²

𝒇𝒚 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟕 (𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎)𝒌𝒈/𝒄𝒎²
W= Ƿ = = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟔
𝒇′𝒄 𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝒈/𝒄𝒎²
W=0.116 = k= 0.1081

Mu= ф𝑏𝑑²𝑓′𝑐𝑤(1 − 0.59𝑤)

Mu=ф𝑏𝑑²𝑓′𝑐𝑘
Mu=0.90(25cm)(45cm)²(210kg/cm²)(0.1081)
Mu=1,034,314.31kg-cm= 10.34t-m
Mu=wuL²/8 Wu=Mu8/L²
(10.34𝑇−𝑚)(8)
Wu= = 3.309 t/m
(5𝑚)²

Wu= 1.20 Cm + 1.60 CV

CM=peso Propio= Densidad de concreto bwh

Ppropio = (2.4t/m)(0.25m)(0.5m)= 0.30 T/m

3.309T/m= 1.2 (.30T/m) + 1.60 CV
3.309 T/m – 1.2 (0.30 T/m)
CV= 1.6

CV= 1.84 T/m

Calcular As para soportar Mu= 30 T-m
Datos
f’c=210kg/cm²

fy=4220

r=4.5 cm

Mu=30 t-m

d=45.5 cm

𝑓𝑦
As=ƿ bw d = w= ƿ
𝑓′𝑐
=w=k
𝑀𝑢 30𝑥105
K= = =0.2556
ф𝑏𝑑²𝑓′𝑐 (0.90) (30) (45.5)2 ( 210)

K=0.2556 = w=0.314

Ascal = 0.0156*30*45.5 = 21.294cm²

𝑤𝑓′𝑐 0.314(210)
Ƿ= = =0.0156
𝑓𝑦 4220

[
Ƿmax= 0.5 Ƿb = 0.5 0.85 𝛽
𝑓′𝑐 6090
𝑓𝑦 6090+𝑓𝑦
]=0.0106
[
Ƿmax= 0.5 Ƿb = 0.5 0.85 (.85)
210 6090
4220 6090+4220
]=0.0106
Asmax = 0.0106*30*45.5 = 14.47cm²
14.1 14.1
Ƿmin= =4220 = 0.0033
𝑓𝑦

Asmin = 0.0033*30*45.5 = 4.50cm²

Ƿcalculado > Ƿmin Ƿcalculado > Ƿmax
REFORZAR A COMPRESION
Encontramos As para Ƿmax y Mu1

𝑓𝑦 0.0106(4220)
w= ƿmax = = 0.213 = k=0.1862
𝑓′𝑐 210

momento último que soporta ƿmax

Mu1 = ф𝑏𝑑 2 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑘 = (0.9) (30) (45.5)²(210) (0.1862)

Mu1 = 2,185,674.72 kg-cm = 21.86 ton-m
Ƿmax cubre 21.86 ton-m de los 30 ton-m
Mu2 =Mu - Mu1 = 30 - 21.86 = 8.14 ton-m
Calculamos “a”
a=B,c

a= 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑓𝑦
0.85 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏
=
14.47 (4220)
0.85 (210)(30)
= 11.40 𝑐𝑚 altura

Asmax= ƿ b d = 0.0106 (30) (45.5)= 14.47 cm²

max w

Calculamos “c”

a= 𝛽′ 𝑐 = 𝑐=
𝑎 = 11.40 = 13.42 cm
𝛽′ 0.85

Relación 𝑐−𝑟
𝑐

𝑐−𝑟 13.42 − 4.5

= = 0 .66 = f’s= 4,035.90 kg / cm²
𝑐 13.42

As2 (a Compresión)
𝑀𝑢2 8.14𝑥105
As2 = 𝜙𝑓′𝑠(𝑑−𝑟) = (0.90) (4,035.90) (45.5−4.5)
= 5.47 cm²
As Total
As total=As1 + As2 = 14.47 + 5.47 = 19.94 cm²
Ascalculado= ƿ
cal bw d = 0.0156 (30) (45.5)= 21.29 cm²

Astotal=19.94 cm²

Ascalculado=21.29 cm²

2#6 Corridas
PROPUESTA ARMADO As2=5.47 cm²
2#6= 5.70cm²

As1=14.47 cm²
4#7 = 15.52 cm²

4#7 Corridas
Diseño armado Final de Viga I, II y III

Viga II
Viga I

Viga III

Datos

Cv=600 kg/m² f’c=210 kg/cm²

SC=150 kg/m² fy=2800kg/cm²

𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑎 =10cm r=5cm

Sentido de losa base= 30cm altura=40 peso específico 2400kg/m³

𝑎 1.5 𝑎 1
𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑎 𝐼 = = =0.30 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑎 𝐼𝐼 = = =0.22
𝑏 5 𝑏 4.5
𝑎 4.5
𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑎 𝐼𝐼𝐼 =𝑏 = 5 =0.80
Áreas tributarias

Área I=(0.75)(5)=3.75m²
 0.5+5
Área II= (2.25)=6.19m²
2

Área III=1/2(2.25) (2.25) (2)=5.06m²

Área IV =0.5(4.5) =2.25 m²

INTEGRACION DE CARGAS
Losa

Carga Muerta=Peso Específico del Concreto X 𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑎 =(2400 kg/m³) (0.10)= 240 kg/m²

SC= = 150kg/m²

CM losa=390 kg/m²

CARGA POR METRO LINEAL

viga L(m) Área (m²) CV(kg/m²) CMLosa (kg/m²)
1 5 3.75 600 390
2 5 9.94 600 390
3 4.5 7.31 600 390

VIGA I
(600 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²)(3.75𝑚²)
Wcv = =450kg/m
5𝑚
(390 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²)(3.75𝑚²)
WCMlosa = 5𝑚
=292.5kg/m²

P propio viga =b X h X peso Específico Concreto=(0.30m)(0.40m)(2400kg/m³)=288 kg/m

W CM total= WCM Losa+ P propio viga=292.5 kg/m + 288 kg/m=580.5 kg/m
Carga ultima

Cu=1.2 CM+1.6CV= 1.2(580.5 kg/m) + 1.6(450 kg/m)=1,416.60 kg/m

VIGA II
(600 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²)(9.94𝑚²)
Wcv = =1,192.80 kg/m
5𝑚
(390 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²)(9.94𝑚²)
WCMlosa = 5𝑚
=775.32 kg/m²

Pp=288kg/m

W CM total =775.32 kg/m + 288 kg/m=1,063.32 kg/m

CARGA ULTIMA
Cu=1.2 (1,063.32) +1.6 (1,192.80)= 3,184.46 kg/m

VIGA III
(600 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²)(7.31𝑚²)
Wcv = =974.67kg/m
4.5𝑚
(390 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²)(7.31𝑚²)
WCMlosa = 4.5𝑚
=633.53kg/m²

Pp= 288 kg/m

WCM total =633.33 kg/m + 288 kg/m=921.53 kg/m

CARGA ULTIMA
Cu=1.2 (921.53) + 1.6 (974.67) = 2,665.31 kg/m

Tabla 6.5.2

Viga I
𝑤𝐿² (1416.5)(5)²
Mu¯ =
24 24

𝑤𝐿² (1416.5)(5)²
Mu =
14 14
 𝒇′𝒄 𝑴𝒖𝒃𝒘
As=𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ∗ [(𝒃𝒘𝒅) − √(𝒃𝒘𝒅)𝟐 − ]
𝒇𝒚 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒇′𝒄

𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟏,𝟒𝟕𝟓∗𝟑𝟎
As¯=0.85 [(30*35)-√(𝟑𝟎 ∗ 𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓∗𝟐𝟏𝟎

As¯= 1.70 cm²

𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟓𝟐𝟗.𝟔𝟒∗𝟑𝟎
As=0.85 [(30*35)-√(𝟑𝟎 ∗ 𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓∗𝟐𝟏𝟎

As(+)= 2.93 cm²

𝟏𝟒.𝟏 𝟏𝟒.𝟏
As min = 𝒃𝒅= (𝟑𝟎)(𝟑𝟓)= 5.29 cm²
𝒇𝒚 𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎

Usar As min para As(-) y As (+)

Por tablas
(¯)
𝑀𝑢 1475∗100
K =ф𝑏𝑑²𝑓′𝑐=(0.90) (30) (35)2( 210)=0.0212 = w= 0.022

𝑓′𝑐 0.022(210)
ƿ= w = = 0.0017
𝑓𝑦 2800

As(-)= ƿbd = 0.0017(30)(35)= 1.73 cm²

(+)
2529.64∗100
K =0.90(30)(35²)(210) = 0.0364 = 𝑤 = 0.38

ƿ= 0.038 (210)
2800
= 0.0027
As(+)= 0.0027(30)(35)= 2.87 cm²
Usar As min para As(-) y As (+)
Armadura cama superior
(¯)
As min=5.29 cm²
As= 5.29cm² 2 barras Asmin = 2*6 = 5.70 cm² El Mayor
33% As (-) mayor = 1.75 cm²
Usar 2#6 corridas

Bastón No es necesario porque As calculado = As minimo

Nota Corridas= usar el mayor de los criterios como corridos

Armado= Bastón= si existe diferencia entre As calc y el mayor de los criterios se usa
ese valor como bastón

Armadura cama inferior

As min = 5.29 cm²
AS(+)= 5.29 2 Var min = 2#6=5.70 cm ² el mayor

50% AS (+) = 2.65 cm²

Viga II
𝑤𝐿² (3,184.46)(5)²
Mu¯ =
24 24
𝑤𝐿² (3,184.46)(5)²
Mu =
9 9
𝑤𝐿² (3,184.46)(5)²
Mu =
14 14

As formula general
𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟑,𝟑𝟏𝟕.𝟏𝟓𝒙𝟑𝟎
As der ¯=0.85 [(30x35)-√(𝟑𝟎𝒙𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐𝟏𝟎

As der¯ = 3.87 cm²

𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟖,𝟖𝟒𝟓.𝟕𝟐𝒙𝟑𝟎
As izq ¯=0.85 [(30x35)-√(𝟑𝟎𝒙𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐𝟏𝟎

As izq¯ = 10.92 cm²

𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟓,𝟔𝟖𝟔.𝟓𝟒𝒙𝟑𝟎
As (+)=0.85 [(30x35)-√(𝟑𝟎𝒙𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐𝟏𝟎

As (+) = 6.79 cm²

As min= 5.29 cm²

[
As max= 0.5 0.85 (.85)
210 6090
2800 6090+2800
]=30x35
As max = 19.49 cm²
Usar As min para As(-)der
Usar As¯ izq
Usar As (+)
Armadura cama superior derecha
As min = 5.29 cm²
¯der= 5.29cm² 2 Var min = 2#6=5.70 cm ² el mayor

Armadura cama superior izquierda

As min = 5.29 cm²
¯izq =10.92cm² 2 Var min = 2#6=5.70 cm ² el mayor

Armadura cama inferior

As min = 5.29 cm²
(+) 6.79 cm² 2 Var min = 2#6=5.70 cm ²
Viga III
𝑤𝐿² (2665.3)(4.5)²
Mu der¯ =
24 24
𝑤𝐿² (2,665.3)(4.5)²
Mu¯ izq =
9 9
𝑤𝐿² (2,665.3)(4.5)²
Mu =
14 14

As formula general
𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟐,𝟐𝟒𝟖.𝟖𝟓𝒙𝟑𝟎
As der¯=0.85 [(30x35)-√(𝟑𝟎𝒙𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐𝟏𝟎

As der¯ = 2.60 cm²

 𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟓,𝟗𝟗𝟔.𝟗𝟑𝒙𝟑𝟎
As izq ¯=0.85 [(30x35)-√(𝟑𝟎𝒙𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐𝟏𝟎

As izq¯ = 7.19 cm²

𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟑,𝟖𝟓𝟓.𝟏𝟕𝒙𝟑𝟎
As (+)=0.85 [(30x35)-√(𝟑𝟎𝒙𝟑𝟓)²- ]
𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐𝟏𝟎

As (+) = 4.52 cm²

As min= 5.29 cm²

Usar As min para As(-)der y As(+)

Usar As (-) izq
Armadura cama superior derecha
As min = 5.29 cm²
¯der= 5.29cm² 2 Var min = 2#6=5.70 cm ² el mayor

Armadura cama superior izquierda

As min = 5.29 cm²
¯izq =7.19cm² 2 Var min = 2#6=5.70 cm ² el mayor

Armadura cama inferior

As min = 5.29 cm²
(+) 5.29cm² 2 Var min = 2#6=5.70 cm ² el mayor
Diseño por fuerza cortante sección 18.4.24
Sección 18.4.2.4

Datos
Øest = 3/8” Ø long = 6/8” fc=210kg/cm²
Fy= 4200kg/cm² bw= 25 cm, h=35 cm r=5cm

As= 5cm² Av=1.42 cm² fyt=4200 kg/cm²

ф=0.75 L=4m
Confinado Central confinado
Longitud
Vu
фVc
Scalc
Smax
Sprop
фVs
фvn
фVn=>Vu

Factor λ tabla 19.2.4.2

λ=1
requisitos mínimos 22.5.3
𝑘𝑔
√𝑓 ′ 𝑐 ≤ 27
𝑐𝑚2

𝑘𝑔
√210 ≤ 27
𝑐𝑚2
14.49 ≤ 27 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚²
Cortante ultimo tabla 6.5.4
𝑤𝑙 4𝑡/𝑚(4𝑚)
Vu= = = 8 𝑡𝑜𝑛
2 2

Vu central=
 confinado Central confinado
Longitud 0.7m 2.6m 0.7m
Vu 8 ton 5.20 ton 8 ton
фVc 4.32 ton 4.32 ton 4.32 ton
Scalc 36.44 cm 152.92 cm 36.44 cm
Smax 7.5 cm 15 cm 7.5 cm
Sprop 7.5 cm 15 cm 7.5 cm
фVs 17.89 ton 8.95 ton 17.89 ton
фvn 22.21 ton 13.27 ton 22.21 ton

Cortante del Concreto 22.5.5.1

Vc=0.53 λ √𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤𝑑

Vc=0.53(1)√210 (25)(30) = 5,759.78 𝑘𝑔

фVc=0.75 (5,759.78)= 4.32 ton
Revisión Vc 22.5.1.2

Vc≤ ф(Vc + 2.2√𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤𝑑)

ф (Vc+2.2√𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤𝑑)= 0.75 (5759.78 + 2.2√210(25)(30))= 22.25 ton

8 ≤ 22.25 5.20 ≤22.25
Cortante del acero 22.5.10.6.2ª

Vs=0.8√𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤𝑑
8−0.75(5.76)
фVn≥Vu Vsconf = =4.91 ton
0.75
фVc+фVs=Vu
𝑉𝑢−ϕVc 5.20−0.75(5.76)
Vs= Vs cent = =1.17 ton
ϕ 0.75

0.8√𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤𝑑 = 0.8√210 (25) (30) = 8.69 𝑡𝑜𝑛

4.91≤ 8.69 1.17 ≤8.69

Espaciamiento refuerzo cortante 22.5.10.5.4

(Av) (fyt)(senα + cos α)d

𝑉𝑠 =
𝑠
(Av) (fyt)(senα + cos α)d
𝑠=
𝑉𝑠
(1.42)(4200)(sen90° + cos 90°)30
𝑆𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑓 = = 36.44 𝑐𝑚
4.91 𝑥 1,000
(1.42) (4200)(sen90° + cos 90 °)30
𝑆𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 = = 152.92 𝑐𝑚
1.17 𝑥 1,000
Espaciamiento máximo (central) tabla 9.7.6.2.2
Vs=1.17 ton 1.17<11.95

0.33√𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤𝑑 = 0.33√210 (25) (30) = 11.95

Smax 1= d/2= 30/2= 15cm
Smax 2= 60cm
Scal = 152.92cm Smax=15cm Sprop=15cm
Espaciamiento Máximo (confinado) 18.4.2.4
a) d/4 = 30/4= 7.5 cm Scalc= 36.44 cm
b) 8 Ø lon=8(6/8”)=15.24 cm Smax= 7.5 cm
c) 24 Ø est = 24(3/8”)= 22.86 cm Sprop= 7.5 cm
d) 12 in = 30.48 cm
Área Varilla Mínima requerida tabla 9.6.3.3
𝑏𝑤 𝑆𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝
Av≥ 0.2√𝑓𝑐
𝑓𝑦𝑡
 𝑏𝑤𝑆𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝
Av≥ 3.5
𝑓𝑦𝑡
25 (15)
1.42≥ 0.2√210 = 0.26 1.42≥0.26
4200
25 (15)
1.42≥ 3.5 = 0.31 1.42≥0.31
4200

Cortante nominal del acero 22.5.10.5.4

𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡(𝑠𝑒𝑛α + cosα)𝑑
фVs=[ ]ф
𝑆𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝

1.42 (4200) (𝑠𝑒𝑛90° + cos90°) (30)

фVs conf=[ ] 0.75 = 17.89 𝑡𝑜𝑛
7.5
1.42 (4200) (𝑠𝑒𝑛90° + cos90°) (30)
фVs cent=[ ] 0.75 = 8.95 𝑡𝑜𝑛
15
Losas
t min = 8 cm ⟶ 7.5 cm
t max= 14 cm ⟶ 15 cm
a= lado menor
b=lado mayor
𝑎 𝑎
≥ 0.50 dos sentido, < 0.50 un sentido
𝑏 𝑏

2 sentidos

1 sentido

Losa 1 sentido
Predimensionamiento tabla 7.3.1.1
Calculo momentos (método directo)

Losas 2 sentidos
Predimensionamiento
t = P / 180
calculo momentos (método 3 - ACI - 63)
 losa-viga-columna losa plana -columna

Diseñe las siguientes losas

Sentido de la losa
4 2 0.90
Losa I = = 0.67 Losa II = = 0.33 Losa III = = 0.23
6 6 4

Peralte de losas
𝑝 (6∗2)+(4∗2)
tI = = = 0.11𝑚
180 180
 𝐿 2
tII = = = 0.08𝑚 tcritico = 0.12𝑚
24 24
𝐿 0.90
tIII = = = 0.09𝑚
10 10

integración de cargas
CM= Pp= (2400kg/m³)(0.12m)= 288 kg/m²
SC= 300 kg/3²
CM= 588 kg/m² *1m Ancho unitario
CM= 588 kg/m²
CV= 500 kg/m² * 1m = 500 kg/m
Cu= 1.2 CM + 1.6 CV
Cu= 1.2 (588) + 1.6(500)= 1,505.60 kg/m
1.2 CM = 1.2(588) = 705.60 kg/m
1.6 CV= 1.6 (500)= 800 kg/m
Losas 1 sentido

Condición de losa según lado “b” (largo)

Peralte de losa según lado a (corto)
𝐿 𝑎 2.5 𝐿 𝑎 2.85
tI = = = tII = = =
24 24 24 28 28 28
 𝐿 𝑎 1
tIII = = =
10 10 10

calculo momento según lado “a” (corto)

𝑤𝑙² 𝑤𝑎²
=
24 24
Losa II (método directo)
𝑤𝑙² 1,505.6∗2²
Mu¯ der = = = 250.94 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
24 24
𝑤𝑙² 1,505.6∗2²
Mu⁺ = = = 669.16 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
9 9
𝑤𝑙² 1,505.6∗2²
Mu¯ izq = = = 430.17 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
14 14

Losa III (método directo)

𝑤𝑙² 1,505.6∗(0.90)²
Mu = = = 609.77 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
2 2

Losa I (método 3ACI -63)

𝑎 4
m= = = 0.67 ⟶ 0.70 𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑎 a= 4, b= 6
𝑏 6

Momentos negativos tabla 12.3

 Ma¯= Ca neg * Cu * a²
=0.081 * 1,505.6 * 4² = 1,951.26 kg-m
Mb¯ = Cb neg * Cu * b²
0.019 * 1,505.6 * 6² = 1,029.83 kg-m
Momentos positivos tabla 12.4 + tabla 12.5
Ma⁺ = Ca pos * CM * a² + Ca pos * CV * a²
=0.046 * 705.6 * 4² + 0.057 * 800 * 4² = 1,248.92 kg-m
Mb⁺ = Ca pos * CM * b² + Ca pos * CV * b²
=0.011 * 705.6 * 6² + 0.014 * 800 * 6² = 682.62 kg-m
1
b¯ = b+ = 227.54
3
vc
b⁺=682.62

1
¯= 𝑎⁺ a¯=1951.26 669.16 250.94
3

a¯=416.31 a⁺=1,248.92 430.17

b¯ =1,029.83
609.77

Nota
En voladizo
Si M voladizo ≥ Mx ⟶ usar M voladizo
Si M voladizo < 50% Mx ⟶ Rigidez
Si M voladizo ≥ 50 % Mx ⟶ promedio
Si no es voladizo
Si M menor ≥ 80 % M mayor ⟶ promedio
Si M menor < 80% M mayor ⟶rigidez
Balanceo de momentos
M voladizo = 609.77 Mx = 1,029.83 50% Mx= 514.92
M Voladizo ≥ 50 % Mx ⟶ promedio
609.77 + 1,029.83
M balanceado = = 819.80 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚
2

M menor = 669.16 M mayor= 1,951.26 80% Mayor = 1,561.00

M menor <80% M mayor ⟶ Rigidez
M1= 1,951.26 M2= 669.16
1 1 1 1
K1= = = 0.25 K2= = = 0.5
𝐿 𝑒𝑗𝑒 4 𝐿 𝑒𝑗𝑒 2
𝑘1 0.25 𝑘2 0.5
D1= = = 0.33 D2= = = 0.67
𝑘1+𝑘2 0.25+ 0.50 𝑘1+𝑘2 0.25+ 0.50

D1+D2=1
(M mayor - M menor) D1= (1,951.26 -669.16)*0.33 = 423.09
(M mayor - M menor) D2=(1,951.26 -669.16)*0.67 = 859.00

M mayor – 423.09 = 1,951.26 – 423.09 = 1,528.17 kg-m

M menor + 859.00 = 669.16 + 859.00 = 1,528.16 kg –m
 vc

b⁺=682.62 1528.17
416.31 250.94

a⁺=1,248.92 430.17

819.80

Encontrar “d”
d= t-r = 12 – 3 = 9cm
área de acero mínimo
𝟏𝟒.𝟏 𝟏𝟒.𝟏
As min = 40% as min viga = (0.40) 𝒃𝒘𝒅 = (0.40) (𝟏𝟎𝟎) ∗ 𝟗 =
𝒇𝒚 𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎
= 1.21 cm
1.21 cm ² ⟶100 cm s=58.67
0.71cm²⟶s Smax= 3t = 3(12)= 36 cm
As nueva⟶100 cm
0.71 cm²⟶36cm As nueva = 1.97 cm²
Momento que resiste As nueva
𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚
M res=[𝑨𝒔 𝒇𝒚 (𝒅 − )] ф
𝟏.𝟕 𝒇𝒄 𝒃𝒘
 𝟏.𝟗𝟕(𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎)
M res =0.90 [𝟏. 𝟗𝟕 (𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎) (𝟗 − )]= 65,725 kg-cm=657.25
𝟏.𝟕 (𝟐𝟖𝟎)(𝟏𝟎𝟎)
kg-m
Momentos < M res ⟶ #3 @ 36 cm = # 3 @ 35 cm
Espaciamiento para momentos > M resistente
M(kg-m) As(cm²) #varilla S(cm) S prop (cm)
682.62 2.05 3 24.63 32.5
819.80 2.46 3 28.86 27.5
1,248.92 3.74 3 18.98 17.5
1,528.17 4.58 3 15.50 15

682.62*100 ⟶As As=2.05 2.05 cm² ⟶100 s=34.63cm

657.25*100⟶1.97 0.71cm²⟶s

657.25*100 ⟶1.97 As=2.46 2.46 ⟶100 s=28.86cm

819.80*100⟶As 0.71cm²⟶s

657.25*100 ⟶1.97 As=3.74 3.74 ⟶100 s=18.98 cm

819.80*100⟶As 0.71cm²⟶s

657.25*100 ⟶1.97 As=4.58 4.58 ⟶100 s=15.50cm

1,528.17*100⟶As 0.71cm²⟶s

Usar #3 @ 15 cm
Acero por temperatura tabla 24.4.3.2
fy< 4200 kg/cm² ⟶ Ƿ temp = 0.0020
 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟖(𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎)

𝒇𝒚

fy≥4200 kg/cm² ⟶ Ƿ temp= El Mayor

 0.0014

fy≥4200 kg/cm²
𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟖(𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎)
Ƿ temp= = 0.0018
𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎

Ƿ temp= 0.0014 x

As temp= Ƿ temp bw d= 0.0018(100)(9)= 1.62 cm²

1.62 cm² ⟶100 cm As=43.83cm S prop = 45.5 cm
0.71 cm²⟶s

Smax= 5t = 5(12)= 60 cm X
18 pulg= 45.72 cm
Usar # 3 @ 42.5 cm
nota
As temp
R R R solo cama superior
 #[email protected] cm

R R R

R
R

#[email protected] cm