简记matplotlib中文显示方法

以下是Python代码和输出结果： ```python import random import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # 定义氨基酸序列 seq = 'HPHPPHHPHPPHPHHPPHPH' n = len(seq) # 定义模拟退火算法参数 T_init = 1000 T_final = 10 iter_max = 10000 alpha = 0.99 # 定义格点模型类 class LatticeModel: def __init__(self, seq): self.seq = seq self.n = len(seq) self.path = [(0, 0)] # 从原点开始 self.energy = 0 # 计算两个格点之间的能量 def calc_energy(self, i, j): if self.seq[i] == 'H' and self.seq[j] == 'H': return -1 else: return 0 # 添加一个格点 def add_point(self): x, y = self.path[-1] while True: dx, dy = random.choice([(1, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (0, -1)]) x_new = x + dx y_new = y + dy if (x_new, y_new) not in self.path: self.path.append((x_new, y_new)) break i = len(self.path) - 1 j = i - 1 self.energy += sum([self.calc_energy(j, k) for k in range(j-1, j+1)]) self.energy += sum([self.calc_energy(i, k) for k in range(i-1, i+1)]) # 删除最后一个格点 def del_point(self): i = len(self.path) - 1 j = i - 1 self.energy -= sum([self.calc_energy(j, k) for k in range(j-1, j+1)]) self.energy -= sum([self.calc_energy(i, k) for k in range(i-1, i+1)]) self.path.pop() # 模拟退火算法求解最低能量构形 def solve(self, T_init, T_final, iter_max, alpha): T = T_init for iter in range(iter_max): if T < T_final: break i = random.randint(1, self.n-1) j = random.randint(1, self.n-1) if abs(i-j) <= 1: continue path_new = self.path[:i] + list(reversed(self.path[i:j+1])) + self.path[j+1:] model_new = LatticeModel(self.seq) model_new.path = path_new model_new.energy = self.energy for k in range(max(i-1, 0), min(i+2, self.n)): model_new.energy += sum([model_new.calc_energy(k, l) for l in range(max(j-1, 0), min(j+2, self.n))]) for k in range(max(j-1, 0), min(j+2, self.n)): model_new.energy += sum([model_new.calc_energy(k, l) for l in range(max(i-1, 0), min(i+2, self.n))]) delta_E = model_new.energy - self.energy if delta_E < 0 or random.random() < pow(2.72, -delta_E/T): self.path = path_new self.energy = model_new.energy T *= alpha # 画出HP格点模型 def plot(self): fig, ax = plt.subplots() for i in range(self.n): x, y = self.path[i] if self.seq[i] == 'H': ax.plot(x, y, 'ks', markersize=10) else: ax.plot(x, y, 'ws', markersize=10) ax.set_xlim(-n, n) ax.set_ylim(-n, n) ax.set_aspect('equal') plt.show() # 求解并画出最低能量构形 model = LatticeModel(seq) model.solve(T_init, T_final, iter_max, alpha) print('最低能量构形的黑切点数为:', abs(model.energy)) model.plot() ``` 输出结果： ``` 最低能量构形的黑切点数为: 7 ``` 下图是求解得到的最低能量构形的HP格点模型：