L.A.S.: A Practical Conversation Course, Vol. 1 eBook

DVD Table of Content

The bold numbers correspond to Unit numbers.

How to use this material

1 Introductory vocabulary

2 Yes and no questions, yes and no answers (I)

3 Yes and no questions (II)

4 Šúŋka kiŋ sápa he?

5 Šúŋka kiŋ sápa he? ­– Review

6 Vocabulary review

7 Pronunciation I: Lakota oral vowels

8 Common greetings

9 Expressing gratitude

10 Clothes vocabulary

11 lé, hé, ká (Singular demonstrative pronouns)

12 Pronunciation II: Lakota nasal vowels (aŋ, iŋ, uŋ)

13 lenáuŋs, henáuŋs, kanáuŋs (dual demonstrative pronouns)

14 Pronunciation III. Word stress

15 Word stress - practice

16 Some kitchen vocabulary

17 lená, hená, kaná (Plural demonstrative pronouns)

18 Pronunciation IV: Unaspirated stops (k, p, t)

19 Introducing the article kiŋ

20 Pronunciation V: The Lakota letter ȟ [ȟé] – h with a wedge

21 Kiŋ with lená and introduction to reduplication of stative verbs

22 Reduplication of stative verbs

23 Review of reduplication and of šni

24 Ablaut at the end of a sentence

25 Ablaut before šni

26 Ablaut before ȟčA

27 Non-ablaut verbs

28 3rd person singular

29 3rd singular verbs in sentences

30 3rd person plural (animate)

31 3rd plural verbs in sentences

32 Animate plural (-pi) and inanimate plural (reduplication)

33 Pronunciation VI: kȟ [kȟa], pȟ [pȟa], tȟ [tȟa] (velarized stops)

34 A brief note about time and tense

35 Age categories (vocabulary)

36 Review of 3rd singular and 3rd plural

37 Suffix –pi in questions

38 Suffix –pi with šni

39 Pronunciation VII: kh [khi], ph [phi], th [thi] (aspirated stops)

40 1st person singular of I in Class I verbs

41 2nd person singular or you in Class I verbs

42 2nd person singular and 1st person singular in Class I verbs

43 Some common Class I verbs and their conjugation

44 What is your name? What is his name? What are their names?

45 Asking how to say something in Lakota.

46 Kinship IA: The nuclear family (What is your mother’s name?)

47 The nuclear family - review

48 Review of some common Class I verbs.

49 What is your mother’s name?

50 Where are you from?

51 Kinship IB: suffix -yA with kinship terms

52 Suffix -yA with kinship terms - review and addition

53 Kinship I C: atéwaye kiŋ

54 Kinship I D: uŋčíwaya waŋ

55 Pronunciation VIII: The Lakota sound ǧ

56 Object and unmarked object

57 3rd singular verbs with an object

58 The boy saw the girl (Subject – object word order)

59 Who heard whom? (subject/object ambiguity)

60 I in Class II verbs

61 You in Class II verbs

62 I and you in Class II verbs

63 waŋ and waŋží (indefinite articles)

64 Waŋží and waŋžíni (indefinite articles)

65 waŋ, waŋží and waŋžíni (overview of indefinite articles)

66 When did you come? (hí, híŋhaŋni, haŋhépi, ȟtálehaŋ, aŋpéhaŋ)

67 When did you come back? (glí)

68 Vocabulary review

69 Are you going to dance? (The word ktA)70-70 Ablaut words before ktA (iŋ ablaut)

71 Tomorrow, later today, tonight, (when in the future)

72 Híŋhaŋni and Híŋhaŋni kiŋháŋ (In the morning and tomorrow)

73 Tóhaŋ and toháŋl

74 Pronunciation: IX: č vs čh

75 I in Class III verbs

76 You in Class III verbs

77 Ečhúŋ, léčhuŋ, héčhuŋ

78 The affix wičha

79 The affix wičhá- with affixes for I and you

80 Pronunciation X.: Glottal stop: č’, k’, p’, t’, ȟ’, s’, š’

81 You and I (1st dual)

82 Will you dance with me? (short dialogues with the 1st dual)

83 Affix uŋ- (1st dual) before vowels

84 1st dual in conversations

85 Review of verb conjugation

86 We (1st plural)

87 We (1st plural) in conversations

88 You singular and you plural (2nd singular and 2nd plural)

89 You singular and you plural

90 Cardinal numbers from 1 to 10

91 Cardinal numbers with the suffix -la

92 Cardinal numbers as verbs

93 Cardinal numbers II. (reduplication)

94 Talking about the weather

95 Four seasons

96 Talking about seasons I. (čháŋna, recurring/habitual events)

97 Talking about seasons II. (last summer, blokétu k’uŋ héhaŋ)

98 Talking about seasons III. (last summer, blokéhaŋ)

99 Talking about seasons IV. (non-specific past, eháŋtu and eháŋ)

100 Talking about seasons V. (specific past indefinite event)

101 Talking about seasons VI. (specific event in the future)

102 Talking about seasons VII. (hypothetical event in the future)

103 Talking about seasons VIII. (the following winter, íwaniyetu)

104 Talking about seasons IX. (overview and review)

105 When do you usually go to bed? (toháŋtu čháŋna šna)

106 Giving commands with yo and ye

107 Giving commands with wo and we

108 Giving negative commands to one person

109 Giving negative commands to more than one person

110 Negative commands to one person and to more people

111 Giving commands to more than one person (positive)

112 Review of plural command - positive and negative

113 Command with na

114 Giving commands, summary and overview

115 Some commands used at school

116 Talking about getting dressed

117 The verb iglúzA

118 Táku and táku čha

119 ma- (1st singular object)

120 ni- (2nd person object)

121 ni- before k (plus a review of ma- and ni-)

122 ma- with commands

123 Review of object affixes

124 He came the following day.

125 Waŋží and etáŋ (intro to plural indefinite articles)

126 waŋ and eyá

127 etáŋ and eyá

128 Tuwéni

129 Tákuni

130 Introduction to possessive verbs

131 Introduction to reflexive verbs

Glossary

How to use this material

Who is this material for?

This is the first volume of Lakota Audio Series. It is designed primarily for beginner learners, but it will be useful to all students of Lakota who haven’t previously learned from an audio based material or who haven’t had a chance to learn from a structured and sequenced learning material.

How many units and when?

We recommend that you listen to 1 or 2 new units every day.

If most of the material is new to you we don’t recommend listening to more than 2 units a day. As you gain more confidence, you can listen to more new units a day, but it is always advisable to use manageable learning portions.

Before starting a new unit always review the units you learned during the previous learning session.

If you listen to new units in the morning, you can review them in the evening or the next day.

If you listen to new units in the afternoon or evening, review them the following day.

Do your best to have a learning session every day or at least five times a week. If you have a learning session only once or twice a week you will not achieve much, even if you spend half a day learning. By listening to 2 new activities and reviewing 2 previous activities, you will spend an average 20-30 minutes of learning every day.

It is useful to review the previous material once in a week or two. When reviewing, you can listen to as many units as you find comfortable.

How to listen?

Listen to the English sentence and its Lakota translation. Repeat the Lakota translation aloud! Repeating aloud is one of the most important aspects of this learning method. If the Lakota sentence is repeated, then you too should say it twice.

If you are listening to an activity for the first time, don’t try to guess or anticipate the Lakota sentences before you hear them.

If you are reviewing or listening to a review activity, always try to say the Lakota sentences before you hear them from the native speaker. If you didn’t say a sentence correctly, repeat it aloud after the native speaker.

What is the content of activities?

Every activity introduces one or two patterns (sentence patterns, conjugation patterns, word usages or other types of patterns).

Each pattern