TOGAF® 9 Certified Study Guide - 3rd Edition
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About this ebook
The TOGAF 9 certification program is a knowledge-based certification program. It has two levels, leading to certification for TOGAF 9 Foundation and TOGAF 9 Certified, respectively.
The purpose of certification to TOGAF 9 Certified is to provide validation that, in addition to the knowledge and comprehension of TOGAF 9 Foundation level, the Candidate is able to analyze and apply this knowledge. The learning objectives at this level therefore focus on application and analysis in addition to knowledge and comprehension.
This Study Guide supports students in preparation for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination, leading to TOGAF 9 Certified.
This third edition contains minor updates to remove references to the TOGAF 8-9 Advanced Bridge Examination1 and also adds four bonus practice examination questions to Appendix B.
It gives an overview of every learning objective for the TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus beyond the Foundation level.
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TOGAF® 9 Certified Study Guide - 3rd Edition - Rachel Harrison
TOGAF® 9 Certified
Study Guide 3rd Edition
The Open Group Publications available from
Van Haren Publishing
The TOGAF Series:
TOGAF® Version 9.1
TOGAF® Version 9.1 – A Pocket Guide
TOGAF® 9 Foundation Study Guide – 3rd Edition
TOGAF® 9 Certified Study Guide – 3rd Edition
The Open Group Series:
Cloud Computing for Business – The Open Group Guide
ArchiMate 2.1 Specification
ArchiMate 2.1 – A Pocket Guide
ArchiMate 2 Certified Study Guide
The Open Group Security Series:
Open Information Security Management Maturity Model (O-ISM3)
Open Enterprise Security Architecture (O-ESA)
Risk Management – The Open Group Guide
All titles are available to purchase from:
www.opengroup.org
www.vanharen.net
and also many international and online distributors.
TOGAF® 9
Certified
Study Guide
3rd Edition
Prepared by Rachel Harrison of Oxford Brookes University
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.
The views expressed in this Study Guide are not necessarily those of any particular member of The Open Group.
In the event of any discrepancy between text in this Study Guide and the official TOGAF documentation, the TOGAF documentation remains the authoritative version for certification, testing by examination, and other purposes. The official TOGAF documentation can be obtained online at www.opengroup.org/togaf.
TOGAF®9 Certified Study Guide - 3rd Edition
Document Number: B134
Comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted to:
The Open Group
Apex Plaza
Forbury Road
Reading
Berkshire, RG1 1AX
United Kingdom
or by electronic mail to: [email protected]
For any further enquiries about Van Haren Publishing, please send an email to: [email protected].
Contents
Preface
About the Author
Trademarks
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Key Learning Points
1.2 The TOGAF Certification for People Program
1.2.1 Certification Document Structure
1.2.2 TOGAF 9 Foundation
1.2.3 TOGAF 9 Certified
1.2.4 The Certification Process
1.2.5 Preparing for the Examination
1.3 Summary
1.4 Recommended Reading
PART 1 TOGAF 9 ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT METHOD (ADM)
Chapter 2 Preliminary Phase
2.1 Key Learning Points
2.2 Objectives
2.3 Inputs
2.3.1 Architecture Frameworks
2.3.2 Business Principles, Business Goals, and Business Drivers
2.3.3 Pre-Existing Architectural Inputs
2.4 Steps
2.4.1 Scope the Enterprise Organizations Impacted
2.4.2 Confirm Governance and Support Frameworks
2.4.3 Define and Establish the Enterprise Architecture Team and Organization
2.4.4 Identify and Establish Architecture Principles
2.4.5 Tailor the TOGAF Framework and, if any, Other Selected Architecture Frameworks
2.4.6 Implement Architecture Tools
2.5 Outputs
2.5.1 Architecture Principles
2.5.2 Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture
2.5.3 Tailored Architecture Framework
2.5.4 Architecture Repository
2.5.5 Business Principles, Business Goals, and Business Drivers
2.5.6 Architecture Governance Framework
2.5.7 Request for Architecture Work
2.6 Summary
2.7 Exercises
2.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 3 Phase A: Architecture Vision
3.1 Key Learning Points
3.2 Objectives
3.3 Inputs
3.4 Steps
3.4.1 Establish the Architecture Project
3.4.2 Identify Stakeholders, Concerns, and Business Requirements
3.4.3 Confirm and Elaborate Business Goals, Business Drivers, and Constraints
3.4.4 Evaluate Business Capabilities
3.4.5 Assess Readiness for Business Transformation
3.4.6 Define Scope
3.4.7 Confirm and Elaborate Architecture Principles, including Business Principles
3.4.8 Develop Architecture Vision
3.4.9 Define the Target Architecture Value Propositions and KPIs
3.4.10 Identify the Business Transformation Risks and Mitigation Activities
3.4.11 Develop Statement of Architecture Work; Secure Approval
3.5 Outputs
3.5.1 Statement of Architecture Work
3.5.2 Capability Assessment
3.5.3 Architecture Vision
3.5.4 Communications Plan
3.6 Summary
3.7 Exercises
3.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 4 Phase B: Business Architecture
4.1 Key Learning Points
4.2 Objectives
4.3 Inputs
4.3.1 Business Principles
4.4 Steps
4.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
4.4.2 Develop Baseline Business Architecture Description
4.4.3 Develop Target Business Architecture Description
4.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
4.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
4.4.6 Resolve Impacts across the Architecture Landscape
4.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
4.4.8 Finalize the Business Architecture
4.4.9 Create the Architecture Definition Document
4.5 Outputs
4.5.1 Architecture Definition Document
4.5.2 Architecture Requirements Specification
4.5.3 Architecture Roadmap
4.6 Summary
4.7 Exercises
4.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 5 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures
5.1 Key Learning Points
5.2 Objectives
5.3 Considerations for the Implementation Order
5.4 Inputs
5.5 Steps
5.6 Outputs
5.7 Summary
5.8 Exercises
5.9 Recommended Reading
Chapter 6 Phase C: Data Architecture
6.1 Key Learning Points
6.2 Objectives
6.3 Inputs
6.3.1 Data Principles
6.4 Steps
6.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
6.4.2 Develop Baseline Data Architecture Description
6.4.3 Develop Target Data Architecture Description
6.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
6.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
6.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape
6.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
6.4.8 Finalize the Data Architecture
6.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document
6.5 Outputs
6.5.1 Components of the Architecture Definition Document
6.5.2 Components of the Architecture Requirements Specification
6.6 Summary
6.7 Exercises
6.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 7 Phase C: Application Architecture
7.1 Key Learning Points
7.2 Objectives
7.3 Inputs
7.3.1 Application Principles
7.4 Steps
7.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
7.4.2 Develop Baseline Application Architecture Description
7.4.3 Develop Target Application Architecture Description
7.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
7.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
7.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape
7.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
7.4.8 Finalize the Application Architecture
7.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document
7.5 Outputs
7.5.1 Components of the Architecture Definition Document
7.5.2 Components of the Architecture Requirements Specification
7.6 Summary
7.7 Exercises
7.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 8 Phase D: Technology Architecture
8.1 Key Learning Points
8.2 Objectives
8.3 Inputs
8.3.1 Technology Principles
8.4 Steps
8.4.1 Select Reference Models, Viewpoints, and Tools
8.4.2 Develop Baseline Technology Architecture Description
8.4.3 Develop Target Technology Architecture Description
8.4.4 Perform Gap Analysis
8.4.5 Define Candidate Roadmap Components
8.4.6 Resolve Impacts Across the Architecture Landscape
8.4.7 Conduct Formal Stakeholder Review
8.4.8 Finalize the Technology Architecture
8.4.9 Create Architecture Definition Document
8.5 Outputs
8.5.1 Components of the Architecture Definition Document
8.5.2 Components of the Architecture Requirements Specification
8.6 Summary
8.7 Exercises
8.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 9 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions
9.1 Key Learning Points
9.2 Objectives
9.3 Inputs
9.4 Steps
9.4.1 Determine/Confirm Key Corporate Change Attributes
9.4.2 Determine Business Constraints for Implementation
9.4.3 Review and Consolidate Gap Analysis Results from Phases B to D
9.4.4 Review Consolidated Requirements Across Related Business Functions
9.4.5 Consolidate and Reconcile Interoperability Requirements
9.4.6 Refine and Validate Dependencies
9.4.7 Confirm Readiness and Risk for Business Transformation
9.4.8 Formulate Implementation and Migration Strategy
9.4.9 Identify and Group Major Work Packages
9.4.10 Identify Transition Architectures
9.4.11 Create the Architecture Roadmap & Implementation and Migration Plan
9.5 Outputs
9.6 Summary
9.7 Exercises
9.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 10 Phase F: Migration Planning
10.1 Key Learning Points
10.2 Objectives
10.3 Inputs
10.4 Steps
10.4.1 Confirm Management Framework Interactions for the Implementation and Migration Plan
10.4.2 Assign a Business Value to Each Work Package
10.4.3 Estimate Resource Requirements, Project Timings, and Availability/Delivery Vehicle
10.4.4 Prioritize the Migration Projects through the Conduct of a Cost/Benefit Assessment and Risk Validation
10.4.5 Confirm Architecture Roadmap and Update Architecture Definition Document
10.4.6 Generate the Implementation and Migration Plan
10.4.7 Complete the Architecture Development Cycle and Document Lessons Learned
10.5 Outputs
10.5.1 Implementation and Migration Plan
10.5.2 Architecture Definition Document, including Transition Architecture
10.5.3 Implementation Governance Model
10.6 Summary
10.7 Exercises
10.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 11 Phase G: Implementation Governance
11.1 Key Learning Points
11.2 Objectives
11.3 Inputs
11.4 Steps
11.4.1 Confirm Scope and Priorities for Deployment with Development Management
11.4.2 Identify Deployment Resources and Skills
11.4.3 Guide Development of Solutions Deployment
11.4.4 Perform Enterprise Architecture Compliance Reviews
11.4.5 Implement Business and IT Operations
11.4.6 Perform Post-Implementation Review and Close the Implementation
11.5 Outputs
11.5.1 Architecture Contracts
11.5.2 Compliance Assessments
11.6 Summary
11.7 Exercises
11.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 12 Phase H: Architecture Change Management
12.1 Key Learning Points
12.2 Objectives
12.3 Inputs
12.3.1 Change Requests
12.4 Steps
12.4.1 Establish Value Realization Process
12.4.2 Deploy Monitoring Tools
12.4.3 Manage Risks
12.4.4 Provide Analysis for Architecture Change Management
12.4.5 Develop Change Requirements to Meet Performance Targets
12.4.6 Manage Governance Process
12.4.7 Activate the Process to Implement Change
12.5 Outputs
12.6 Summary
12.7 Exercises
12.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 13 ADM Architecture Requirements Management
13.1 Key Learning Points
13.2 Objectives
13.3 Inputs
13.4 Steps
13.5 Outputs
13.5.1 Requirements Impact Assessment
13.6 Summary
13.7 Exercises
13.8 Recommended Reading
PART 2 GUIDELINES FOR ADAPTING THE ADM
Chapter 14 Iteration and Levels
14.1 Key Learning Points
14.2 The Concept of Iteration
14.2.1 Iteration to Develop a Comprehensive Architecture Landscape
14.2.2 Iteration within an ADM Cycle (Architecture Development Iteration)
14.2.3 Iteration to Manage the Architecture Capability (Architecture Capability Iterations)
14.3 Factors Influencing the Use of Iteration
14.4 Iteration Cycles
14.5 Classes of Architecture Engagement
14.5.1 Identification of Required Change
14.5.2 Definition of Change
14.5.3 Implementation of Change
14.6 Mapping TOGAF Phases to Iteration Cycles
14.6.1 Iteration between ADM Cycles
14.6.2 Iteration within an ADM Cycle
14.7 Applying the ADM across the Architecture Landscape
14.7.1 The Architecture Landscape
14.7.2 The Architecture Continuum
14.7.3 Organizing the Architecture Landscape
14.8 Summary
14.9 Exercises
14.10 Recommended Reading
Chapter 15 Security
15.1 Key Learning Points
15.2 Introduction
15.2.1 Characteristics of Security Architectures
15.2.2 Security Responsibilities of the Enterprise Architect
15.3 Adapting the ADM for Security
15.4 Security Input/Output Summary
15.5 Summary
15.6 Exercises
15.7 Recommended Reading
Chapter 16 SOA
16.1 Key Learning Points
16.2 SOA as an Architectural Style
16.3 Enterprise Architecture and SOA
16.4 Adapting the ADM for SOA
16.4.1 Preliminary Phase
16.4.2 Phase A: Vision
16.4.3 Phase B: Business Architecture
16.4.4 Phase C: Information Systems Architectures
16.4.5 Phase D: Technology Architecture
16.4.6 Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions
16.4.7 Phase F: Migration Planning
16.4.8 Phase G: Implementation Governance
16.4.9 Phase H: Architecture Change Management
16.5 Summary
16.6 Recommended Reading
PART 3 THE ARCHITECTURE CONTENT FRAMEWORK
Chapter 17 Architecture Content Framework
17.1 Key Learning Points
17.2 Introduction
17.3 The Content Framework and the TOGAF ADM
17.4 Why do we Need a Metamodel?
17.5 Components of the Content Metamodel
17.6 Core Metamodel Concepts
17.6.1 Core and Extension Content
17.6.2 Core Metamodel Entities
17.6.3 Building Blocks, Catalogs, Matrices, and Diagrams
17.7 Summary
17.8 Exercises
17.9 Recommended Reading
PART 4 THE ENTERPRISE CONTINUUM
Chapter 18 Architecture Partitioning
18.1 Key Learning Points
18.2 Introduction
18.3 Applying Classification to Partitioned Architectures
18.4 Applying Partitioning to the ADM
18.5 Summary
18.6 Recommended Reading
Chapter 19 Architecture Repository
19.1 Key Learning Points
19.2 Introduction
19.3 The Repository in Detail
19.3.1 Architecture Metamodel
19.3.2 Architecture Landscape
19.3.3 Reference Library
19.3.4 Standards Information Base
19.3.5 Governance Log
19.3.6 Architecture Capability
19.4 Relationship to Other Parts of TOGAF Standard
19.5 Summary
19.6 Recommended Reading
PART 5 TOGAF REFERENCE MODELS
Chapter 20 The Technical Reference Model (TRM)
20.1 Key Learning Points
20.2 Structure of the TRM
20.3 The TRM in Detail
20.3.1 Application Software
20.3.2 Application Platform Interface
20.3.3 Application Platform
20.3.4 Interfaces between Services
20.3.5 Communications Infrastructure
20.3.6 Communications Infrastructure Interface
20.3.7 Qualities
20.4 Taxonomy of Application Platform Services
20.5 Taxonomy of Application Platform Service Qualities
20.6 Using the TRM
20.7 Summary
20.8 Exercises
20.9 Recommended Reading
Chapter 21 Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (III-RM)
21.1 Key Learning Points
21.2 Drivers for Boundaryless Information Flow
21.3 How the III-RM Fulfills the Solution Space
21.4 The High-Level Structure of the III-RM
21.5 Components of the III-RM
21.6 Summary
21.7 Recommended Reading
PART 6 ARCHITECTURE CAPABILITY
Chapter 22 Architecture Governance
22.1 Key Learning Points
22.2 Architecture Governance and the ADM
22.3 Key Success Factors
22.4 Setting up the Architecture Board
22.5 Operating an Architecture Board
22.5.1 General
22.5.2 Preparation
22.5.3 Agenda
22.6 Summary
22.7 Exercises
22.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 23 Architecture Maturity Models
23.1 Key Learning Points
23.2 Capability Maturity Models
23.3 Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)
23.4 ACMM
23.5 Maturity Assessments and the ADM
23.6 Summary
23.7 Exercises
23.8 Recommended Reading
Chapter 24 Architecture Skills Framework
24.1 Key Learning Points
24.2 Purpose
24.3 Benefits
24.4 EA Roles, Skills Categories, and Proficiency Levels
24.4.1 TOGAF Roles
24.4.2 Skills Categories
24.4.3 Proficiency Levels
24.4.4 Example Role and Skill Definitions
24.5 Summary
24.6 Exercises
24.7 Recommended Reading
Appendix A Test Yourself Examination Paper
Appendix B Bonus Questions
Appendix C Test Yourself Examination Answers
Appendix D Bonus Answers
Appendix E TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus
Index
Preface
This Document
This document is a Study Guide for TOGAF® 9 Certified. It is based on Version 2 of the TOGAF Certification for People Conformance Requirements and is aligned to TOGAF Version 9.1. This third edition contains minor updates to remove references to the TOGAF 8-9 Advanced Bridge Examination1 and also adds four bonus practice examination questions to Appendix B.
It gives an overview of every learning objective for the TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus beyond the Foundation level, and is specifically designed to help individuals prepare for certification.
The audience for this Study Guide is:
• Individuals who require a deeper understanding of TOGAF 9
• Professionals who are working in an organization where TOGAF 9 has been adopted and who need to participate in architecture projects and initiatives
• Architects who will be responsible for developing architecture artifacts
• Architects who wish to introduce TOGAF 9 into an architecture practice
• Architects who want to achieve a recognized qualification to demonstrate their detailed knowledge of TOGAF 9
This Study Guide assumes a prior knowledge equivalent to TOGAF 9 Foundation.
While reading this Study Guide, the reader should also refer to the TOGAF documentation2 available online at www.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf9-doc/arch and also available as a hardcopy book.
The Study Guide is structured as follows:
• Chapter 1 (Introduction) provides a brief introduction to TOGAF certification and the TOGAF 9 examinations that lead to TOGAF 9 Certified, as well as how to use this Study Guide.
• Part 1: TOGAF 9 Architecture Development Method (ADM) comprises Chapters 2 through 13 and consists of a tour of the ADM phases:
– Chapter 2 describes the Preliminary Phase within the ADM. This chapter covers the preparation and initiation activities required to create an Architecture Capability.
– Chapter 3 describes Phase A: Architecture Vision. This chapter covers the initial phase of an Architecture Development Cycle. It includes information about defining the scope, identifying the stakeholders, creating the Architecture Vision, and obtaining approvals.
– Chapter 4 describes Phase B: Business Architecture. This chapter covers the development of a Business Architecture to support an agreed Architecture Vision.
– Chapter 5 provides an introduction to Phase C: Information Systems Architectures. The next two chapters describe the details of the two parts of Phase C.
– Chapter 6 describes the development of the Data Architecture within Phase C.
– Chapter 7 describes the development of the Application Architecture within Phase C.
– Chapter 8 describes Phase D: Technology Architecture. The Technology Architecture is used as the basis of the following implementation work.
– Chapter 9 describes Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions. This phase identifies major implementation projects and groups them into work packages that deliver the Target Architecture defined in the previous phases.
– Chapter 10 describes Phase F: Migration Planning. This phase develops a detailed Implementation and Migration Plan addressing how to move from the Baseline to the Target Architecture.
– Chapter 11 describes Phase G: Implementation Governance. This phase ensures that the implementation projects conform to the architecture.
– Chapter 12 describes Phase H: Architecture Change Management. This phase ensures that the architecture capability can respond to the needs of the enterprise as changes arise.
– Chapter 13 describes ADM Architecture Requirements Management, a process that applies throughout the ADM.
• Part 2: Guidelines for Adapting the ADM consists of three chapters:
– Chapter 14 describes how to apply iteration to the ADM, and how to apply the ADM at different enterprise levels.
– Chapter 15 describes security considerations during the application of the ADM.
– Chapter 16 describes SOA as an architectural style.
• Part 3: The Architecture Content Framework consists of a single chapter:
– Chapter 17 describes the Architecture Content Framework and the TOGAF Content Metamodel.
• Part 4: The Enterprise Continuum consists of two chapters:
– Chapter 18 describes Architecture Partitioning.
– Chapter 19 describes the Architecture Repository, which is a model for a physical instance of the Enterprise Continuum.
• Part 5: TOGAF Reference Models consists of two chapters:
– Chapter 20 describes the Technical Reference Model (TRM).
– Chapter 21 describes the Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference Model (III-RM).
• Part 6: Architecture Capability consists of three chapters:
– Chapter 22 describes the relationship between Architecture Governance and the ADM. It also describes how to establish and operate an Architecture Board.
– Chapter 23 describes Architecture Maturity Models.
– Chapter 24 describes the Architecture Skills Framework.
• Appendix A provides a Practice Test for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination.
• Appendix B provides provides four bonus practice questions for the TOGAF 9 Part 2 Examination.
• Appendix C provides the answers to the examination in Appendix A.
• Appendix D provides the answers to the bonus practice questions in Appendix B.
• Appendix E provides the TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus.
How to Use this Study Guide
The chapters in this Study Guide should be read in order. However, you may wish to use this Study Guide to study topics with which you are already familiar, and it is certainly possible to select topics for review in any order. Where a topic requires further information from a later part in the syllabus, a cross-reference is provided.
Within each chapter are Key Learning Points
and Summary
sections that help you to easily identify what you need to know for each topic. Where applicable, a chapter has an Exercises
section that will help you reinforce key learning points in the chapter.
Each chapter also has a Recommended Reading
section that indicates relevant, additional sections of the TOGAF document and other sources that should be read to obtain a full understanding of the subject material.
Finally, at the end of this Study Guide is a Test Yourself
examination paper that can be used to test your readiness to take the official TOGAF 9 Part 2 examination. This paper is designed to include the same question formats and a similar difficulty level to the official TOGAF 9 Part 2 examination. In addition to the examination paper, four bonus practice questions are also provided.
Conventions Used in this Study Guide
The following conventions are used throughout this Study Guide in order to help identify important information and avoid confusion over the intended meaning.
• Ellipsis (…)
Indicates a continuation; such as an incomplete list of example items, or a continuation from preceding text.
• Bold
Used to highlight specific terms.
• Italics
Used for emphasis. May also refer to other external documents.
• (Syllabus Reference Unit X, Learning Outcome Y: Statement)
Used at the start of a text block to identify the associated TOGAF 9 Certified Syllabus learning outcome.
In addition to typographical conventions, the following conventions are used to highlight segments of text:
A Note box is used to highlight useful or interesting information.
A Tip box is used to provide key information that can save you time or that may not be entirely obvious.
About the TOGAF Standard
TOGAF®, an Open Group Standard, is a proven enterprise architecture methodology and framework used by the world’s leading organizations to improve business efficiency. It is the most prominent and reliable enterprise architecture standard, ensuring consistent standards, methods, and communication among enterprise architecture professionals. Enterprise architecture professionals fluent in TOGAF standards enjoy greater industry credibility, job effectiveness, and career opportunities. The TOGAF standard helps practitioners avoid being locked into proprietary methods, utilize resources more efficiently and effectively, and realize a greater return on investment.
About The Open Group
The Open Group is a global consortium that enables the achievement of business objectives through IT standards. With more than 375 member organizations, The Open Group has a diverse membership that spans all sectors of the IT community – customers, systems and solutions suppliers, tool vendors, integrators, and consultants, as well as academics and researchers – to:
• Capture, understand, and address current and emerging requirements, and establish policies and share best practices
• Facilitate interoperability, develop consensus, and evolve and integrate specifications and open source technologies
• Offer a comprehensive set of services to enhance the operational efficiency of consortia
• Operate the industry’s premier certification service
Further information on The Open Group is available at www.opengroup.org.
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1 The TOGAF 8-9 Advanced Bridge Examination was withdrawn on November 1, 2013.
2 TOGAF Version 9.1 (ISBN:978 90 8753 679 4, G116), available at www.opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/g116.htm.
About the Author
Rachel Harrison is a Professor of Computer Science in the Department of Computing and Communication Technologies at Oxford Brookes University. Previously she was Professor of Computer Science, Head of the Department of Computer Science, and Director of Research for the School of Systems Engineering at the University of Reading. Her research interests include systems evolution, software metrics, requirements engineering, software architecture, usability, and software testing. She has published over 100 refereed papers and consulted widely with industry, working with organizations such as IBM, the DERA, Philips Research Labs, Praxis Critical Systems, and The Open Group. She is Editor-in-Chief of the Software Quality Journal, published by Springer.
Prof. Harrison holds an MA in Mathematics from Oxford University, an MSc in Computer Science from University College London, and a PhD in Computer Science from