Touchpad Information Technology Class 10: Skill Education Based on Windows & OpenOffice Code (402)

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PREFACE

Computer literacy has become an integral part of today’s education system and prospering employment.

The chapters of this book have been selected and designed as per the CBSE curriculum of Vocational course on IT.

The main features of this book are as follows:

The language of the book is simple and easy to understand.

The book focuses on Free and Open-Source Software (Foss) with highlights of MS Office.

Notes are given for add-on knowledge.

Students are provided with fun facts about the topic.

Lab Activities are added in between the chapters to develop practical skills.

The applications of IT Tools are discussed with real-life scenarios.

The contents will help to create opportunities for better job prospects with respect to IT fields.

We hope that the book will help the students to learn the concepts and find their applications for the progressive development of computer-aided education. We look forward to any suggestions to improve the book. Here’s wishing young readers lots of tech fun and knowledge-filled journey ahead!

—Author

Dr. Sanjay Jain

(MBA, M.Sc-Comp. Sc.)

INSIDE THE SERIES

The key features of the series have been designed to ensure better learning, assessment, and evaluation.

Domestic Data Entry Operator in the IT-ITeS Industry is also known as Data Entry Operator. Individuals are responsible to provide daily work reports and work on daily hour bases. The individual is responsible for electronic entry of data from the client side to the office site or vice-versa. Individual tasks vary depending on the size and structure of the organization. This job requires the individual to have thorough knowledge of various technology trends and processes as well as have updated knowledge about database management systems and IT initiatives. The individual should have fast and accurate typing/data encoding. This job involves working in a personal computer, and appropriate software to enter accurate data regarding different issues like retrieving data from a computer or to a computer.

Course Outcome

On completion of the course, students should be able to:

Apply effective oral and written communication skills to interact with people and customers;

Identify the principal components of a computer system; Demonstrate the basic skills of using computer;

Demonstrate self-management skills;

Demonstrate the ability to provide a self-analysis in context of entrepreneurial skills and abilities;

Demonstrate the knowledge of the importance of green skills in meeting the challenges of sustainable development and environment protection;

Work safely on the computer.

Start the computer.

Open and use the related software.

Exit from the software.

Shut down the computer.

Use the computer for data entry process.

Collect all necessary information about the query.

Log any decision about the query on the data entry tracking form.

Follow Rules and guidelines for data entry.

Handle queries.

Undertake data entry with speed and accuracy.

Identify and control hazards in the workplace that pose a danger or threat to their safety or health, or that of others.

Course Objectives

In this course, the students will be introduced to the fundamental concepts of digital documentation, digital spreadsheet, digital presentation, database management and internet security.

The following are the main objectives of this course:

To familiarize the students with the world of IT and IT enabled services.

To provide in-depth training in use of data entry, internet and internet tools.

To develop practical knowledge of digital documentation, spreadsheets and presentation.

To enable the students to understand database management systems and have updated knowledge about digital record keeping.

To make the students capable of getting employment in Private Sector, Public Sector, Ministries, Courts, House of Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies.

To develop the following skills:

Data Entry and Keyboarding skills

The concept of Digital Documentation

The concept of Digital Presentation

The concept of Electronic Spreadsheet

The concept of Databases

Internet Technologies

Salient Features

To be a data entry operator/analyst, one requires a lot of hard work and practical hands-on experience. One should have an intensive knowledge of Office applications, computer operations, and knowledge of clerical, administrative techniques and data analysis. Along with this, as a data entry operator/analyst, you will be expected to have fast typing speed, accuracy, and efficiency to perform tasks.

As a data entry operator/analyst, one should improve their computer skills, numerical and literacy skills. These skills can help one expand into a new career path in the future

SCHEME OF UNITS

This course is a planned sequence of instructions consisting of units meant for developing employability and vocational competencies of students of Class X opting for skill subject along with other subjects. The unit-wise distribution of hours and marks for class X is as follows:

INCORPORATES NEP 2020

Created with new dimension of Joyful Learning along with completely mapped parameters of National Education Policy, 2020

DIGITAL RESOURCES

Animated Audio & Video eBook

Works offline after download

Chapter Audio & Video

Interactive Exercises with Answer Checks & Subjective Questions

Features like Spotlight, Zoom Sliders, Add Notes, Highlighter & Pencil on the eBook

Student Worksheet

Software Download Link

Visit www.touchpadwebsupport.com and enter the credentials.

Table of Contents

Part A Employability Skills

Unit-1 Communication Skills-II

Chapter-1 Communication Skills

• Communication

• Types of Communication

• Communication Cycle

• Barriers in Effective Communication

• Principles of Effective Communication

• Sentence and its Kinds

• Phrase

• Parts of Sentence

• Parts of Speech

• Articles

• Construction of a Paragraph

Unit-2 Self-Management Skills-II

Chapter-2 Self-Management

• Skills of Self Management

• Stress

• Self-Awareness

• Self-Motivation

• Self-Regulation: Goal Setting

• Self-Regulation: Time Management

Unit-3 ICT Skills-II

Chapter-3 Information Technology and Communication

• Classification of Operating System

• Functions of Operating System

• Types of Operating System

• Common Terms of Operating System

• Running an Application

• Basic Components of Interface Screen

• Device Driver

• File System

• File Management

• Computer Care

• Malware

• Symptoms of Computer Virus

• Ways to Prevent a Virus

• Removing Temporary Files

Unit-4 Entrepreneurial Skills-II

Chapter-4 Entrepreneurship

• Entrepreneurship

• Qualities of Entrepreneurs

• Functions of Entrepreneur

• Importance of Entrepreneur

• Myths about Entrepreneurship

• Entrepreneurship as a Career Option

Unit-5 Green Skills-II

Chapter-5 Green Skills

• Sustainable Development

• Sustainable Development Goals

Part B Subject Specific Skills

Unit-1 Digital Documentation (Advanced)

Chapter-1 Advanced Features of Word Processor

• Styles

• Image

• Drawing Objects

• Template

• Modifiying Default Template

• Defining the Hierarchy of Headings

• Tables of Contents

• Mail Merge

Unit-2 Electronic Spreadsheet (Advanced)

Chapter-2 Advanced Features of Spreadsheet

• Consolidating Data

• Creating Subtotal

• What-If Analysis

• Scenario

• Goal Seek

• Solver

• Link Data and Spreadsheets

• Cell Reference

• Hyperlink

• Sharing a Document

Chapter-3 More about Spreadsheet

• Recording Changes

• Add, Edit & Format Comment

• Reviewing Changes

• Merging Versions

• Macro

Unit-3 Database Management System

Chapter-4 Database Management

• Database

• Database Management System (dbms)

• Elements of Database

• Relational Database Management System (rdbms)

• Database Objects

• Starting OpenOffice Base

• Basic Elements of 'Base' Table

• Creating a Table

• Create Table by Using Wizard

• Create Table by Using Create View

• Modifying Table Design

• Entering Data into a Table

• Editing Data in a Table

• Data Validation

• Field Level Validation

• Relationship

• Query

• Forms

• Report

Chapter-5 More on Database

• Types of Database Commands

• Databases and Operators

• Create Table

• Managing Query

• Insert, Update, and Delete

Introduction to MySQL (Supplement)

Unit-4 Web Applications and Security

Chapter-6 Web Application

• Various Types of Impairment

• Networking Fundamentals

• Internet

• Internet Terminologies

• Internet Connectivity Options

• Internet Access through Wi-Fi

• Data Transfer on Internet

• Instant Messaging

• Blog

• Offline Blog Editor

• Online Transaction

• E-Commerce

• Importance of Secure Passwords

Chapter-7 Web Security and Workplace Safety

• Need of Internet Security

• Cyber Threat

• Best Practices for Web Security

• Health and Safety at Workplace

• Fire

• Falls and Slips

• Electrical Shocks and its Effects

• First Aid

• Case Study

• Covid-19

• Accident

• Emergency

• Hazards

• Health and Safety

Part C Practical Work

Practical Work

Viva Voce Questions

Projects

Glossary

PART-A

EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

Unit-1 COMMUNICATION SKILLS-II

1

COMMUNICATION SKILLS

We all need to share our ideas or pass information to different people and interact with them with full confidence. Efficient communication is the most important aspect while interacting with people.

COMMUNICATION

Communication is the process by which two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings, information, etc., about any topic.

The term ‘communication’ is derived from the Latin word ‘communicare’ which means to share. Communication is effective when the receiver understands what the sender says. It includes all procedures by which one mind may affect another or pass information to another. It involves not only written and oral speech but also music, pictures, videos, etc. Communication skills are required for effective communication with people in an office, customers or public speaking.

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

Correct methods of communication depend on factors like target audience, cost of channel, type of information and priority of messages. Based on modes of expression, communication can be categorized as verbal, non-verbal and visual communications.

Verbal Communication

It is one of the usual ways of communication that involves direct interaction and instant response whether it be oral or written communication. Oral or spoken communication involves face-to-face conversation, telephonic conversation, etc. between two or more people. It can be formal or informal. Written communication includes expressing views and ideas in textual form. It can be a typed messages in the form of an e-mail, SMS or any other format.

Types of Verbal Communication

There are many types of Verbal Communication:

Interpersonal Communication: This form of communication takes place between two individuals where one-on-one conversation takes place. For example, A teacher discussing the activities with the students.

Written Communication: This form of communication involves letters, circulars, reports, manuals, SMS, social media chats, etc. For example, a Parent writing an application e-mail to Principal.

Small Group Communication: Her interaction between more than two people takes place. For example, Each participant can interact in group discussion.

Public Communication: In this type of communication, one individual addresses a large gathering. For example, Seminars and Public Speeches.

Advantages of Verbal Communication

We can exchange ideas by saying what we want and getting a quick response.

It enables you to keep changing your interaction as per response of the other person or target audience.

Disadvantages of Verbal Communication

Sometimes the meaning can be confusing and difficult to understand.

Words used while speaking may not be appropriate and correct.

Mastering Verbal Communication

You can enhance and master your verbal communication skills to overcome nervousness by taking care of following points:

Always think before you speak.

Be Concise and Clear while sharing information.

Maintain body language, eye contact, and be confident.

Non-Verbal Communication

It is a way of communication that involves all types of non-verbal actions in an interactive environment. The message is conveyed without sound, i.e., with the use of symbols, gestures, eye contact, facial expression, body language, etc.

Types of Non-Verbal Communication

Facial Expression like Anger, Fear or happiness can be used effectively.

Posture like relaxed body while standing builds confidence.

Gestures like raising hands can express your idea.

Touch like shaking hands can encourage a person.

Paralanguage includes tone, volume ‘oe’ speed of expressions.

Space should be maintained while formal or informal communication.

Visual Communication

It is a way of communication in which message is conveyed in an imagery form. It can be in the form of signs, pictography, films and many more. All images and symbols like traffic signals, sign boards or direction signals at malls, roads, etc. are all effective ways of expressing ideas.

COMMUNICATION CYCLE

Communication is a two-way exchange of information. The communication cycle involves:

Sender: Sender selects the desired medium and sends the information.

Encoding: In verbal and visual communication, the message is converted from one system to another system in the form of codes. It is the creation of message in another form.

For example, when we send message on smart-phone to someone, the message is encoded in the form of 0s and 1s and is transmitted through satellite.

Channel: Channel is a medium through which the information is transferred. It can be air (oral), wire (telephone), satellite (e-mail), etc.

Decoding: The process of converting encoded information into understandable form is called Decoding. For example, when we receive a message on our smartphone, the message is decoded from the 0s and 1s form to the language that we understand.

Receiver: Receiver is a person to whom the message is directed.

Feedback: Feedback is a response of the receiver after perceiving the message. It enables the sender to evaluate the effectiveness of the message.

Importance of Feedback

When you wear a new dress and ask your mother, how am I looking in this dress?, then your mother replies with the feedback. In communication, feedback is an important part. It is defined as the response given to the sender by the receiver. The feedback makes the sender aware, whether the message is received successfully or not, whether the receiver liked it or not, whether the choice of the channel was appropriate or not.

Specific information in the form of written comments and oral conversation is descriptive feedback. This type of feedback is often shared by teacher and student in order to help the student improve further.

Specific feedback provides specific and detailed information and is more focused on a particular topic after observation, whereas non-specific feedback is very general as the receiver does not think about the message in depth. For example, the expressions such as good job!, you did great!, etc. No feedback is also treated as a feedback that indicates agreement of views and ideas.

Feedback is like a backbone in the entire process of communication. It is important as:

It shows the receiver is interactive.

It sustains the communication process.

It is a basis of measuring the effectiveness of communication.

Positive feedback motivates an individual to do the task even better.

Negative feedback helps to improve the task and enhance the performance of the sender.

BARRIERS IN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

The process of communication has multiple barriers. Barriers are obstacles or difficulties that come in the way of communication. They are the hurdles or problems which affect the transmission of information from the sender to the receiver in the communication process. No matter what the nature of obstacles in communication is, all the obstacles are clubbed under a common label, i.e., NOISE.

Noise is an undesirable input due to which communication barriers enter the communication process and cause distortion of the message.

Types of Barriers

Following are the common types of barriers in communication:

Physical Barrier: Physical barrier separates people due to space and working environment, where closed doors hinder the communication. In this case, face-to-face interaction is very less. It can be distance between people, a noisy system near telephone, poor lighting, bad health and many more.

Perceptual Barrier: Messages are interpreted according to viewpoint and past experience of receiver. This can create misunderstanding as the viewpoint of the sender might be different from that of the receiver.

Linguistic and Cultural Barrier: A language is an expression of thoughts and experiences of people in terms of their cultural environment. Each major region has its own language and culture. It can be a barrier when a person does not know the language and culture of the target audience.

Mechanical Barrier: This type of barrier is caused by the channel or medium itself. Channel becomes the barrier when it is interfered with some disturbances which prevent some of the elements of the message to reach their destination. For example, sometimes the voice of a person in a phone call breaks down due to network problem. Here the channel is the barrier itself.

Gender Barrier: Style of communication between men and women has generated barriers. The speech pattern and gender stereotypes cause gender barriers.

Emotional Barrier: Emotions like fear, anger or happiness can create misunderstanding. It could be due to childhood instances which hold back people from expressing their views.

Attitudinal Barrier: Behaviour patterns like doubting, nagging habit or withdrawal that distance people from one another cause barriers. They all interfere in effective communication.

Measures to Overcome Barriers

Following are some of the measures to overcome barriers:

Eliminating Differences in Perception: Know your audience by trying to assess the needs of the receiver and planning your messages accordingly. Evaluate the variables like age, sex, culture, or experience.

Use of Simple Language: Use of simple and clear words help to communicate efficiently. Use of ambiguous words and jargons should be avoided.

Reduction and Elimination of Noise Level: The source of noise should be identified and eliminated.

Active Listening: Listening is hearing with proper understanding of the message. Listen attentively to avoid misunderstandings.

Face-to-face Interaction: It can ensure that your message has been understood through facial expression or tone. Acknowledge the other person’s views by asking questions.

Proper Media Selection: The medium of communication should be selected properly and the message should cater to the needs of the targeted audience.

There are some common barriers to effective communication which we must avoid:

Second guessing the sender: Sometimes the speaker is misunderstood as the audience is in a hurry to finish the sentence for the speaker. It takes away from the speaker the opportunity to compete his speech.

Stereotyping: It prevents us from effective listening when we form a mindset about a speaker.

Halo effect: It is also a form of stereotyping, where we make up our mind usually positive about someone based on only a single characteristic like their mannerisms. As a result, we are unable to see any negatives in this person.

Gender barrier: It is said that men listen much less than women do. Also those in high position listen less to those who are lower in hierarchy. Other than this, day dreaming, fatigue or planning also distract listening.

PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

Communication is a basic need for human. Some principles must be followed for effective communication, which are:

Clarity in Ideas: It should be clear to the sender what is to be conveyed. The clearer the thought, the more effective is the communication.

Appropriate Language: Ideas should be communicated in a simple and understandable language. Technical words and word with multiple meanings should be avoided.

Attention: The purpose of communication is that the receiver understands the message and gives feedback. It is only possible if the message is of the receiver’s interest.

Consistency: Communication should maintain consistency in its objectives. There should be similarity in the flow of information.

Adequacy: The information sent to the receiver should be sufficient and complete in every aspect. Incomplete information is harmful.

Proper Time: The message should reach the receiver whenever it is needed, late messages are meaningless as the utility of communication is reduced.

Feedback: Feedback is essential as the sender gets to know how the message has been interpreted. It clarifies whether two way exchange is success or not.

Proper Medium: Choosing a proper medium as per requirement is necessary.

7C’s of Communication

We must follow the 7C’s rules of communication, which are:

Concise: One should stick to the point and keep it short. Human mind gets fed up of lengthy and repetitive information. If the message is concise, it will grab the audience’s attention.

Concrete: The meaning of the message should be strong, so that audience understands easily what the message wants to convey.

Correct: The communication should be error free. One should always convey right things without misleading the audience.

Clarity: While communicating, be clear about the goal of message. Be sure about the purpose of communicating with the audience.

Coherent: All points of the message should connect to each other and should be relevant to the main topic.

Complete: The message should be completed and it includes all the relevant information.

Courteous: The communication should be honest, respectful and friendly. There should not be any hidden insults or passive aggressive tones that indicate rudeness.

SENTENCE AND ITS KINDS

A sentence is a group of words giving a complete thought. A sentence must contain a subject and a verb. There are mainly four types of sentences. Let us learn about them.

Declarative Sentence

A declarative sentence states a fact and ends with a full stop. For examples,

I love my mother.

My car is black.

Imperative Sentence

An imperative sentence is a command, a polite request or an advice. It ends with an exclamation mark or a full stop. For examples,

Bring me a glass of water.

Get out of my way!

Interrogative Sentence

An interrogative sentence asks a question and ends with a question mark. For examples,

Are you ready to go?

Do you have a pen?

Exclamatory Sentence

An exclamatory sentence expresses excitement or emotion. It ends with an exclamation mark. For examples,

Wow! This is a brilliant idea!

How strange it was!

PHRASE

A phrase is a group of words that stand together as a single grammatical unit, typically as a part of a clause or a sentence.

A phrase does not contain a subject and a verb and consequently cannot convey a complete thought. A phrase contrasts with a clause. A clause contains a subject and a verb and can convey a complete idea.

For example, Janet eats cake daily.

(This sentence has no phrases. All parts of the sentence are single words.)

My cousin Janet eats cake daily. (Now we have a phrase. It’s a three word phrase functioning as the subject of this sentence. Note that the phrase itself does not contain its own subject and verb. Let’s say S for subject, O for object, V for verb and P for phrase.

The horse [S] runs [V] at a good speed[P].

A lot of [P] people[S] do not sleep [V] at night[O].

He[S] sacrificed [V] his life [O] for the sake[P] of his country[O].

Types of Phrase

There are 5 types of phrases:

Adverb Phrase

An adverb phrase is simply a group of two or more words that function as an adverb in a sentence. Adverb phrases typically answer the questions how, where, why or when something was done. For examples,

I parked the car here.

I parked the car right here.

I parked the car right here under the bridge.

Prepositional Phrase

A prepositional phrase is a group of words that consist of a preposition, its object (which will be a noun or a pronoun) and any words that modify the object. For examples,

A singer with passion.

A town near London.

Keep in time.

He acts without thinking.

Adjective Phrase

An adjective phrase is a group of words that describe a noun or pronoun in a sentence. The adjective in an adjective phrase can appear at the start, end or in the middle of the phrase. The adjective phrase can be placed before or after the noun or pronoun in the sentence. For examples,

The movie was not so terrible.

A person smarterthan me needs to figure this out.

The final exams were unbelievably difficult.

This pie is verydelicious and extremely expensive.

Noun Phrase

A noun phrase is a group of words that work together to name and describe a person, place, thing, or idea. When we look at the structure of writing, we treat a noun phrase the same way we treat a common noun. For examples,

I enjoy playing tennis.

Did you enjoy reading this book?

He hopes to win the first prize.

He refused to answer the question.

Verb Phrase

A verb phrase can be the predicate of a sentence or a clause. In this case, there will usually be a helping verb in addition to the verb. For examples,

The author iswriting a new book.

I must make an ‘A’ in this class.

The dog might eat the cake.

He was walking to work today.

We grew apart after high school.

PARTS OF SENTENCE

We all know that almost all English sentences have a subject and verb while some also have an object. Subject describes a person or thing that performs an action. Verb describes the action. Object describes person or thing that receives the action.

The subject of a sentence is a person, place, thing or idea. For example, I like to travel, the subject ‘I’ is doing action of travelling. Objects provide further information that isn’t necessarily required. They are helpful, though, because they further explain the action of the verb. For example, she is drinking water. Here, water is the object. Verb is an action in the sentence. For example, Jyoti eats cake. The verb is ‘eats’.

The woman [S] built [V] a strong stone wall [O].

The children [S] eat [V] buns, cakes and biscuits [O].

The professor [S] threw [V] an orange [O].

PARTS OF SPEECH

There are eight parts of speech: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. The parts of speech indicate how a word functions in meaning as well as grammar within a sentence. An individual word can function as more than one part of speech when used in different circumstances. Understanding parts of speech is essential for determining the correct definition of a word when using the dictionary.

Noun

A noun is a name of a person, place, thing or idea. Proper nouns always start with a capital letter, common nouns do not. Nouns can function in different roles within a sentence. For example, a noun can be a subject, direct object, indirect object, subject complement or object of a preposition.

For example, Oh my God! The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher and then she quickly disappeared.

Pronoun

A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. A pronoun is usually substituted for a specific noun.

For example, Oh my God! The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher and then she quickly disappeared.

Verb

A verb expresses action. There is a main verb and sometimes one or more helping verbs.

(She can sing. Sing is the main verb; can is the helping verb.) A verb must agree with its subject in number (both are singular or plural).

For example, The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher and then she quickly disappeared.

Adjective

An adjective is a word used to modify or describe a noun or pronoun. It usually answers the question of which one, what kind or how many.

For example, The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher and then she quickly disappeared.

Adverb

An adverb describes or modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb but never a noun. It usually answers the questions of when, where, how, why, under what conditions or to what degree. Adverbs often end in ‘ly’.

For example, The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher and then she quickly disappeared.

Preposition

A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to form a phrase modifying another word in the sentence. The prepositional phrase always functions as an adjective or adverb.

For example, The young girl brought me a very long letter from the teacher and then she quickly disappeared.

Conjunction

A conjunction joins words, phrases or clauses and indicates the relationship between the elements joined. Coordinating conjunctions connect grammatically equal elements: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet, etc. Subordinating conjunctions connect clauses that are not equal: because, although, while, since,