Reverse a stack without using extra space in O(n)

Last Updated : 10 Jan, 2023

Reverse a Stack without using recursion and extra space. Even the functional Stack is not allowed.

Examples:

Input : 1->2->3->4
Output : 4->3->2->1

Input :  6->5->4
Output : 4->5->6

We have discussed a way of reversing a stack in the below post.
Reverse a Stack using Recursion

The above solution requires O(n) extra space. We can reverse a stack in O(1) time if we internally represent the stack as a linked list. Reverse a stack would require a reversing of a linked list which can be done with O(n) time and O(1) extra space.
Note that push() and pop() operations still take O(1) time.

Implementation:

C++

// C++ program to implement Stack 
// using linked list so that reverse
// can be done with O(1) extra space.
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

class StackNode {
    public:
    int data;
    StackNode *next;
    
    StackNode(int data)
    {
        this->data = data;
        this->next = NULL;
    }
};

class Stack {
    
    StackNode *top;
    
    public:
    
    // Push and pop operations
    void push(int data)
    {
        if (top == NULL) {
            top = new StackNode(data);
            return;
        }
        StackNode *s = new StackNode(data);
        s->next = top;
        top = s;
    }
    
    StackNode* pop()
    {
        StackNode *s = top;
        top = top->next;
        return s;
    }

    // prints contents of stack
    void display()
    {
        StackNode *s = top;
        while (s != NULL) {
            cout << s->data << " ";
            s = s->next;
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    // Reverses the stack using simple
    // linked list reversal logic.
    void reverse()
    {
        StackNode *prev, *cur, *succ;
        cur = prev = top;
        cur = cur->next;
        prev->next = NULL;
        while (cur != NULL) {

            succ = cur->next;
            cur->next = prev;
            prev = cur;
            cur = succ;
        }
        top = prev;
    }
};

// driver code
int main()
{
    Stack *s = new Stack();
    s->push(1);
    s->push(2);
    s->push(3);
    s->push(4);
    cout << "Original Stack" << endl;;
    s->display();
    cout << endl;
    
    // reverse
    s->reverse();

    cout << "Reversed Stack" << endl;
    s->display();
    
    return 0;
}
// This code is contributed by Chhavi.

Java

// Java program to implement Stack using linked
// list so that reverse can be done with O(1) 
// extra space.
class StackNode {
    int data;
    StackNode next;
    public StackNode(int data)
    {
        this.data = data;
        this.next = null;
    }
}

class Stack {
    StackNode top;

    // Push and pop operations
    public void push(int data)
    {
        if (this.top == null) {
            top = new StackNode(data);
            return;
        }
        StackNode s = new StackNode(data);
        s.next = this.top;
        this.top = s;
    }
    public StackNode pop()
    {
        StackNode s = this.top;
        this.top = this.top.next;
        return s;
    }

    // prints contents of stack
    public void display()
    {
        StackNode s = this.top;
        while (s != null) {
            System.out.print(s.data + " ");
            s = s.next;
        }
        System.out.println();
    }

    // Reverses the stack using simple
    // linked list reversal logic.
    public void reverse()
    {
        StackNode prev, cur, succ;
        cur = prev = this.top;
        cur = cur.next;
        prev.next = null;
        while (cur != null) {

            succ = cur.next;
            cur.next = prev;
            prev = cur;
            cur = succ;
        }
        this.top = prev;
    }
}

public class reverseStackWithoutSpace {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Stack s = new Stack();
        s.push(1);
        s.push(2);
        s.push(3);
        s.push(4);
        System.out.println("Original Stack");
        s.display();

        // reverse
        s.reverse();

        System.out.println("Reversed Stack");
        s.display();
    }
}

Python3

# Python3 program to implement Stack 
# using linked list so that reverse
# can be done with O(1) extra space.
class StackNode:
    
    def __init__(self, data):
        
        self.data = data
        self.next = None

class Stack:
    
    def __init__(self):
         
        self.top = None
     
    # Push and pop operations
    def push(self, data):
    
        if (self.top == None):
            self.top = StackNode(data)
            return
        
        s = StackNode(data)
        s.next = self.top
        self.top = s
     
    def pop(self):
    
        s = self.top
        self.top = self.top.next
        return s
 
    # Prints contents of stack
    def display(self):
    
        s = self.top
        
        while (s != None):
            print(s.data, end = ' ')
            s = s.next
        
    # Reverses the stack using simple
    # linked list reversal logic.
    def reverse(self):

        prev = self.top
        cur = self.top
        cur = cur.next
        succ = None
        prev.next = None
        
        while (cur != None):
            succ = cur.next
            cur.next = prev
            prev = cur
            cur = succ
        
        self.top = prev
    
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
    
    s = Stack()
    s.push(1)
    s.push(2)
    s.push(3)
    s.push(4)
    
    print("Original Stack")
    s.display()
    print()
     
    # Reverse
    s.reverse()
 
    print("Reversed Stack")
    s.display()
     
# This code is contributed by rutvik_56

// C# program to implement Stack using linked
// list so that reverse can be done with O(1) 
// extra space.
using System; 

public class StackNode
{
    public int data;
    public StackNode next;
    public StackNode(int data)
    {
        this.data = data;
        this.next = null;
    }
}

public class Stack 
{
    public StackNode top;

    // Push and pop operations
    public void push(int data)
    {
        if (this.top == null)
        {
            top = new StackNode(data);
            return;
        }
        StackNode s = new StackNode(data);
        s.next = this.top;
        this.top = s;
    }
    
    public StackNode pop()
    {
        StackNode s = this.top;
        this.top = this.top.next;
        return s;
    }

    // prints contents of stack
    public void display()
    {
        StackNode s = this.top;
        while (s != null) 
        {
            Console.Write(s.data + " ");
            s = s.next;
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }

    // Reverses the stack using simple
    // linked list reversal logic.
    public void reverse()
    {
        StackNode prev, cur, succ;
        cur = prev = this.top;
        cur = cur.next;
        prev.next = null;
        while (cur != null)
        {
            succ = cur.next;
            cur.next = prev;
            prev = cur;
            cur = succ;
        }
        this.top = prev;
    }
}

public class reverseStackWithoutSpace 
{
    // Driver code
    public static void Main(String []args)
    {
        Stack s = new Stack();
        s.push(1);
        s.push(2);
        s.push(3);
        s.push(4);
        Console.WriteLine("Original Stack");
        s.display();

        // reverse
        s.reverse();

        Console.WriteLine("Reversed Stack");
        s.display();
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Arnab Kundu

JavaScript

<script>

// JavaScript program to implement Stack 
// using linked list so that reverse can 
// be done with O(1) extra space.
class StackNode 
{
    constructor(data) 
    {
        this.data = data;
        this.next = null;
    }
}

class Stack 
{
    top = null;
    
    // Push and pop operations
    push(data)
    {
        if (this.top == null) 
        {
            this.top = new StackNode(data);
            return;
        }
        var s = new StackNode(data);
        s.next = this.top;
        this.top = s;
    }
    
    pop() 
    {
        var s = this.top;
        this.top = this.top.next;
        return s;
    }
    
    // Prints contents of stack
    display() 
    {
        var s = this.top;
        while (s != null)
        {
            document.write(s.data + " ");
            s = s.next;
        }
        document.write("<br>");
    }
    
    // Reverses the stack using simple
    // linked list reversal logic.
    reverse() 
    {
        var prev, cur, succ;
        cur = prev = this.top;
        cur = cur.next;
        prev.next = null;
        
        while (cur != null) 
        {
            succ = cur.next;
            cur.next = prev;
            prev = cur;
            cur = succ;
        }
        this.top = prev;
    }
}

// Driver code
var s = new Stack();
s.push(1);
s.push(2);
s.push(3);
s.push(4);
document.write("Original Stack <br>");
s.display();

// Reverse
s.reverse();

document.write("Reversed Stack <br>");
s.display();

// This code is contributed by rdtank

</script>

Output

Original Stack
4 3 2 1 

Reversed Stack
1 2 3 4

Time Complexity: O(n), as we are using a loop to traverse n times. Where n is the number of nodes in the linked list.
Auxiliary Space: O(1), as we are not using any extra space.

Delete middle element of a stack

Niharika Sahai

Improve

Article Tags :

Practice Tags :

Reverse a stack without using extra space in O(n)

Similar Reads

Stack implementation in different language

Some questions related to Stack implementation

Easy problems on Stack

Intermediate problems on Stack

Thank You!

What kind of Experience do you want to share?