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Amniocentesis

Amniocentesis is a procedure that collects amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus using a needle guided by ultrasound imaging. The fluid is tested to check for genetic abnormalities or signs of fetal distress. It is usually performed between 15-18 weeks of gestation. The amniotic fluid sample is checked for color, clarity, and under a microscope to determine if it is normal or contains signs of infection or fetal bleeding issues.

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Dane Orilla
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340 views

Amniocentesis

Amniocentesis is a procedure that collects amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus using a needle guided by ultrasound imaging. The fluid is tested to check for genetic abnormalities or signs of fetal distress. It is usually performed between 15-18 weeks of gestation. The amniotic fluid sample is checked for color, clarity, and under a microscope to determine if it is normal or contains signs of infection or fetal bleeding issues.

Uploaded by

Dane Orilla
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Amniocentesis

Specimen collection and handling Needle aspiration into amniotic sac


Transadbominally with simultaneous ultrasound
Safer especially after 14 weeks of gestation

Between 15 and 18 weeks of gestation for genetic studies and later in pregnancy (fetal distress) Amount collected: 10-20 mL
Max: 30 mL

Amniocentesis

Fluid is dispensed into sterile plastic specimen containers Normal amniotic fluid is colorless to pale yellow
Slightly turbid due to fetal cells, vernix and hair

Preparation of the maternal anterior abdominal wall for amniocentesis.

Infiltration of local anesthetic over the placement site of the amniocentesis needle.

Insertion of the amniocentesis needle into a pool of amniotic fluid detected by ultrasound.

Aliquoting of the amniotic fluid for cell culture and biochemistry.

Aspiration of amniotic fluid with a 20 ml syringe.

Cell culture and chromosomal studies specimen


Stored at body or room temperature
To keep fetal cells alive

Phospholipid analysis specimen


Transported on ice Centrifuged at 500g Supernatant saved for testing

If blood is present, centrifuge to prevent hemolysis from altering test results All samples for chemical analysis must be centrifuged Stored for 24 hours
Must be frozen

Amniotic fluid VS Maternal urine


Creatinine and urea higher in urine Glucose and protein higher in amniotic fluid Fern test
Microscopic test to differentiate amniotic fluid from maternal urine Vaginal fluid is spread out on a glass slide and allowed to dry at RT Positive screen test: fernlike crystals

Physical Examination
Normal: colorless to pale yellow and slightly cloudy Bilirubin: dark yellow or amber color Meconium: green color
Newborns first fecal bowel movements

Blood: pink or red


Kleihauer-Betke test
Test for distinguishing the source of blood, fetal or maternal

Fetal death: very dark red-brown

Samples of amniotic fluid taken during genetic amniocentesis. Normal amniotic fluid (left) is colorless to pale yellow. Dark green or brown amniotic fluid (right) indicates blood degradation products caused by prior bleeding.

Microscopic Examination
Diagnosis of ruptured membranes or chorioamnionitis

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