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Solvent Properties

This document provides a table summarizing key properties of common organic solvents including their formula, molecular weight, boiling point, melting point, solubility in water, flash point, density, and dielectric constant. The table includes both polar and nonpolar solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, halogenated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Notes provide sources for the data and additional details on where to find health and safety information on specific solvents.

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Saleem Basha
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583 views

Solvent Properties

This document provides a table summarizing key properties of common organic solvents including their formula, molecular weight, boiling point, melting point, solubility in water, flash point, density, and dielectric constant. The table includes both polar and nonpolar solvents such as alcohols, ketones, ethers, halogenated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Notes provide sources for the data and additional details on where to find health and safety information on specific solvents.

Uploaded by

Saleem Basha
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Common Organic Solvents: Table of Properties1,2,3

formula

boiling melting
solubility
flash
density
Dielectric
MW point point
in water
point
(g/mL)
Constant3,4 o
(C)
(C)
(g/100g)
( C)

acetic acid

C2H4O2

60.05

118

16.6

1.049

Miscible

6.15

39

acetone

C3H6O

58.08

56.2

-94.3

0.786

Miscible

20.7(25)

-18

acetonitrile

C2H3N

41.05

81.6

-46

0.786

Miscible

37.5

benzene

C6H6

78.11

80.1

5.5

0.879

0.18

2.28

-11

1-butanol

C4H10O

74.12

117.6

-89.5

0.81

6.3

17.8

35

2-butanol

C4H10O

74.12

98

-115

0.808

15

15.8(25)

26

2-butanone

C4H8O

72.11

79.6

-86.3

0.805

25.6

18.5

-7

t-butyl alcohol

C4H10O

74.12

82.2

25.5

0.786

Miscible

12.5

11

CCl4

153.82

76.7

-22.4

1.594

0.08

2.24

--

Solvent

carbon tetrachloride
chlorobenzene

C6H5Cl

112.56 131.7

-45.6

1.1066

0.05

2.71

29

chloroform

CHCl3

119.38

61.7

-63.7

1.498

0.795

4.81

--

cyclohexane

C6H12

84.16

80.7

6.6

0.779

<0.1

2.02

-20

1,2-dichloroethane

C2H4Cl2

98.96

83.5

-35.3

1.245

0.861

10.42

13

diethyl ether

C4H10O

74.12

34.6

-116.3

0.713

7.5

4.34

-45

diethylene glycol

C4H10O3

106.12

245

-10

1.118

10

31.7

143

diglyme (diethylene glycol


dimethyl ether)

C6H14O3

134.17

162

-68

0.943

Miscible

7.23

67

1,2-dimethoxyethane (glyme, DME)

C4H10O2

90.12

85

-58

0.868

Miscible

7.2

-6

C2H6O

46.07

-22

-138.5

NA

NA

NA

-41

dimethylformamide (DMF)

C3H7NO

73.09

153

-61

0.944

Miscible

36.7

58

dimethyl sulfoxide
(DMSO)

C2H6OS

78.13

189

18.4

1.092

25.3

47

95

dioxane

C4H8O2

88.11

101.1

11.8

1.033

Miscible

2.21(25)

12

ethanol

C2H6O

46.07

78.5

-114.1

0.789

Miscible

24.6

13

ethyl acetate

C4H8O2

88.11

77

-83.6

0.895

8.7

6(25)

-4

ethylene glycol

C2H6O2

62.07

195

-13

1.115

Miscible

37.7

111

glycerin

C3H8O3

92.09

290

17.8

1.261

Miscible

42.5

160

heptane

C7H16

100.20

98

-90.6

0.684

0.01

1.92

-4

7.2

1.03

Miscible

31.3

105

dimethylether

Hexamethylphosphoramide
C6H18N3OP 179.20 232.5
(HMPA)

Solvent
Hexamethylphosphorous
triamide (HMPT)

formula

MW

C6H18N3P 163.20

boiling melting
solubility
flash
density
Dielectric
point point
in water
3,4 point
(g/mL)
Constant
(C)
(C)
(g/100g)
(oC)
150

-44

0.898

Miscible

??

26

hexane

C6H14

86.18

69

-95

0.659

0.014

1.89

-22

methanol

CH4O

32.04

64.6

-98

0.791

Miscible

32.6(25)

12

methyl t-butyl
ether (MTBE)

C5H12O

88.15

55.2

-109

0.741

5.1

??

-28

methylene chloride

CH2Cl2

84.93

39.8

-96.7

1.326

1.32

9.08

1.6

CH5H9NO

99.13

202

-24

1.033

10

32

91

CH3NO2

61.04

101.2

-29

1.382

9.50

35.9

35

C5H12

72.15

36.1

-129.7

0.626

0.04

1.84

-49

--

--

30-60

-40

0.656

--

--

-30

1-propanol

C3H8O

88.15

97

-126

0.803

Miscible

20.1(25)

15

2-propanol

C3H8O

88.15

82.4

-88.5

0.785

Miscible

18.3(25)

12

pyridine

C5H5N

79.10

115.2

-41.6

0.982

Miscible

12.3(25)

17

tetrahydrofuran (THF)

C4H8O

72.11

66

-108.4

0.886

30

7.6

-21

C7H8

92.14

110.6

-93

0.867

0.05

2.38(25)

C6H15N

101.19

88.9

-114.7

0.728

0.02

2.4

-11

0.00

0.998

--

78.54

--

N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
(NMP)
nitromethane
pentane
Petroleum ether (ligroine)

toluene
triethyl amine
water

H2O

18.02 100.00

water, heavy

D2O

20.03

101.3

1.107

Miscible

??

--

o-xylene

C8H10

106.17

144

-25.2

0.897

Insoluble

2.57

32

m-xylene

C8H10

106.17 139.1

-47.8

0.868

Insoluble

2.37

27

p-xylene

C8H10

106.17 138.4

13.3

0.861

Insoluble

2.27

27

Notes:
1. This table was orginally from: Prof. Murov's Orgsoltab, which was edited and
reposted by Erowid
2. You can find more detailed information (Health & Safety, Physical, Regulatory,
Environmental) on various organic solvents from NCMS
3. The values in the table above were obtained from ChemFinder Web Server, the
CRC, or Vogel's Practical Organic Chemistry (5th ed.).
4. T = 20 C unless specified otherwise.

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