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sm8 126

(1) To reach 99% saturation in a circular tube with atmospheric air flowing through it, a tube length of 3.78 meters is required. (2) Given the flow rate and properties of the air and water vapor, the heat rate needed to maintain the tube surface at air temperature is calculated to be 46.7 Watts. (3) The evaporation rate is low, resulting in a small heat requirement to saturate the air in the tube.

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Sadie Hnatow
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74 views1 page

sm8 126

(1) To reach 99% saturation in a circular tube with atmospheric air flowing through it, a tube length of 3.78 meters is required. (2) Given the flow rate and properties of the air and water vapor, the heat rate needed to maintain the tube surface at air temperature is calculated to be 46.7 Watts. (3) The evaporation rate is low, resulting in a small heat requirement to saturate the air in the tube.

Uploaded by

Sadie Hnatow
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PROBLEM 8.

126
KNOWN: Flow rate and temperature of atmospheric air in circular tube of prescribed diameter. Flow
is fully developed, and air is dry. Inner tube surface is wetted.
FIND: (a) Tube length required to reach 99% saturation, (b) Heat rate needed to maintain tube
surface at air temperature.

SCHEMATIC:

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Steady, incompressible flow, (2) Constant flow rate.


3
-7
2
PROPERTIES: Table A-4, Air (298 K, 1 atm): = 1.17 kg/m , = 183.6 10 Ns/m , = 15.71
-6 2
3
3
10 m /s; Table A-6, Water vapor (298 K): vg = 44.25 m /kg, A,sat = 1/vg = 0.0226 kg/m , hfg =
-6 2
2443 kJ/kg; Table A-8, Air-vapor (298 K): DAB = 26 10 m /s, Sc = /DAB = 0.60.
ANALYSIS: (a) If A,m,o = 0.99 A,s, it follows from Eq. 8.86 that

A,s 0.99 A,s


DL

= 0.01 = exp
hm .
&
A,s
m

With

ReD =

&
4m
4 103 kg/s
=
= 3467,
D ( 0.02m ) 183.6 107 N s/m 2

The flow is turbulent (weakly) and Eq. 888 yields


0.4 = 0.023 3467 4/5 0.60 0.4 = 12.7
Sh D = 0.023 Re4/5
(
) ( )
D Sc
Sh D
12.7 26 106 m2 / s
h m = D AB =
= 0.0166 m/s.

0.02 m

Hence,

103 kg/s ln ( 0.01)


&
m
L=
ln ( 0.01) =
= 3.78 m.
D h m
( 0.02m )1.17 kg/m3 ( 0.0166 m/s )
(b) The required heat rate is

q = n A h fg

n A = h m DL

A,o A,i

ln A,o / A,i

n A = 0.0166 m/s ( 0.02m ) 3.78 m

<

with A,s = A,sat

0.01 A,s A,s


ln ( 0.01)

n A = 8.55 104 m3 / s 0.99 0.0226 kg/m3 = 1.91 105 kg/s


q = n A h fg = 1.91 105 kg/s 2.443 106 J/kg = 46.7 W.

<

COMMENTS: (1) The evaporation rate is low; hence the heat requirement is small. (2) The
evaporation rate can also be calculated from
& A,o / A,i / ) m
& / (0.99A,s ) = 1.91 105 kg / s which agrees with the preceding result.
n A = m(

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