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05 RelativeMotion

This document discusses the concept of relative motion in two dimensions. It explains that the real motion of an object equals the vector sum of its motion relative to another object plus the motion of the other object. It provides the key equations that relate the position, velocity, and acceleration of one object to another when measured from a moving reference frame. Examples of applications include measuring the motion of a ferry across a river or tracking objects from a moving radar.

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49 views

05 RelativeMotion

This document discusses the concept of relative motion in two dimensions. It explains that the real motion of an object equals the vector sum of its motion relative to another object plus the motion of the other object. It provides the key equations that relate the position, velocity, and acceleration of one object to another when measured from a moving reference frame. Examples of applications include measuring the motion of a ferry across a river or tracking objects from a moving radar.

Uploaded by

alikaya12002
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Kinematics of Particles (v) Relative Motion (Translating axes; 2-D) Lectures 11&12; M&K #2/8, p. 91 99, Pr.

r. 2/189 209. Read p. 91 & 92

Introduction to relative velocity


1-D Riding a bicycle into the wind Real speed equals the vector sum of the bicycle relative to the air plus the motion of the air 2-D Kazungula Ferry across the Zambezi

Real motion of the ferry equals vector sum of the motion of ferry relative to the river + the motion of the river Real world applications : AM B224 : (M&K) Reciprocating engines

Machine design

#2/8 Relative motion Till now all measurements with respect to fixed axes. However, frequently the observer is on a moving object eg. two trains on parallel tracks (Pr. 2/189); or the radar tracking of Pr. 153 is itself on a moving truck. Fundamental concept : Fig. 2/17 OXY are fixed cartesian axes. Position :

rA = rB + rA / B

rA / B is the position of A relative to B (or A w.r.t. B)


Velocity :

& & & rA = rB + rA / B v A = vB + v A/ B

(2-20) (2-21)

Acceleration : a A = a B + a A / B

Assumption: observers motion a straight line (non-rotating), so that rA / B = x(t ) i + y (t ) j , with i Remarks : If observer is at A : v B = v A + v B / A , v B / A = v A / B v A / B : the velocity of A relative to B rA , rB , v A , v B : absolute values, relative to fixed axes Problem solving : o Vector-diagram plus trigonometry o Vector-algebra Applications: SP 2/13; Pr. 2/ 190, 191, 192, SP 2/14; Pr 2/ 194, 198, 207
&

j constant unit vectors

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