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OFC System: Click To Edit Master Subtitle Style

PDH is a technology used in Telecommunication n / w equipment. PDH allows transmission of data streams that are nominally running at the same rate, but allowing some variation on the speed around a nominal rate. 2 / 8 Mbps Optimux equipment in OFC System, the function of this equipment is to convert 4 nos. Of E1 channels to one E2 channel in trans direction.

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31 views

OFC System: Click To Edit Master Subtitle Style

PDH is a technology used in Telecommunication n / w equipment. PDH allows transmission of data streams that are nominally running at the same rate, but allowing some variation on the speed around a nominal rate. 2 / 8 Mbps Optimux equipment in OFC System, the function of this equipment is to convert 4 nos. Of E1 channels to one E2 channel in trans direction.

Uploaded by

deardestiny
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OFC System

Click to edit Master subtitle style

Types of OFC Equipment


Optical Fiber Equipments are of Three Different Types:1.PDH Equipment. 2.SDH Equipment. 3.DWDM Equipment.

Types of PDH Equipment


1. 2. 3.

2/8 Mbps Optimux Equipment 2/34 Mbps Optimux Equipment 2/140 Mbps Optimux Equipment

PDH SYSTEM

PDH --Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy PDH is a technology used in Telecommunication n/w equipment such as Fibre optic and M/W Radio system where different parts of the network are almost,but not quite perfectly synchronous. PDH allows transmission of data streams that are nominally running at the same rate, but allowing some variation on the speed around a nominal rate.

2/8 Mbps Optimux Equipment


In OFC System, the function of this equipment is To convert 4 Nos. of E1 channels to one E2 channel in trans direction and

To convert one E2 channel to 4 nos.of E1 channels in receive direction.

2/8 Mbps Optimux Equipment

For conversion of 4E1 to one E2 or one E2 to 4E1 it requires MULDEX card i.e. Multiplexer/Demultiplexer. Since it is an Optical Transmission system so it requires OLTU(Optical Line Terminating Unit) which converts the Mux output to optical signal and vice versa.

Equipment Configuration
The equipment is easily configurable. It can be configured as _________ (a) Stand Alone Equipment (Point to Point) (b) Optical Regenerator without drop/insert of E1 channels and ( c )Optical Regenerator with drop/insert of E1 channels. (Back to Back TML)

4E1/E2

F1

E2/4E1

4E1

M U X

O L T

F2

O L T

M U X

4E1

Terminal A

Terminal B

Point to-Point Configuration

4E1/ E2

O L T

4E1

O R E G
Regenerator TerminalB

O L T

E2/4 E1

4E1

Terminal A

Terminal C

Regenerator without Drop/Insert

4E1 /E2
4E1

OLT

OLT

E2/4 E1
4E1

Terminal A
OLT OLT

Terminal C

4E1/ E2

E2/4 E1

Regenerator B

Regenerator with Drop/Insert of 3E1 channels

It comprises of _________ (a) Two major functional packages i) MULDEX & ii) OLTU (b) A Distribution board assembly for POWER and ALARM ( c ) HHNM (Hand Held Network Monitor) for Management.

-PC can also be used for monitoring the network -OLTU and MULDEX are plugged in type. -Distribution unit is mounted as a rack top unit.

WHAT IS

SDH ?

SYNCHRONOUS : ONE MASTER CLOCK & ALL ELEMENTS SYNCHRONISE WITH IT. DIGITAL: INFORMATION IN BINARY. HIERARCHY: SET OF BIT RATES IN A HIERARCHIAL ORDER.

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WHAT IS

S D H ? (CONTD)

-SDH IS AN ITU-T STANDARD FOR A HIGH CAPACITY TELECOM NETWORK. -SDH IS A SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL TRANSPORT SYSTEM, AIM TO PROVIDE A SIMPLE, ECONOMICAL AND FLEXIBLE TELECOM INFRASTRUCTURE.
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SYNC STANDARDS -EVOLUTION


-In 1984 ANSI of USA first started research on SONET. -IN 1985 SONET STANDARD WAS BORN. -IN 1986 CCITT BECAME INTERESTED IN SONET STANDARD. -In 1988 CCITT finally come out with recommendations of SDH. -CITT recommendations are in G-707,G-708,G-709.

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DRIVING FORCES
-NEW

ENHANCED SERVICES NEEDING SYNCHRONIZATION SOLUTION. -QOS REQUIREMENT -MULTI-OPERATOR ENVIRONMENT -LIMITATION OF TO-DAYS NETWORK -ADVANTAGES OF SDH

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LIMITATIONS OF PDH
-THREE DIFFERENT HIERARCHIES WITH DIFFERENT SIGNAL FORMATS AND LINE ENCODING METHOD WHICH ARE PROPIETARY. -INABILITY TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL CHL IN HIGHER ORDER BIT STREAM. -INSUFFICIENT CAPACITY OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT. -MOST OF THE PDH NETWORK MANAGEMENT IS PROPIETARY. -THERE IS NO STANDARD DEFINATION OF BIT RATE ABOVE 140 MBPS.BITRATE 1717

PDH HIERARCHIES
EUROPE (Mbps) 565 x4 140 x4 34 x4 8 x4 2 USA (Mbps) 274 x6 45 x7 6 x4 1.5 JAPAN (Mbps) 400 x4 100 x3 32 x5 6 x4 1.5

1818

CHANGING NETWORK REQUIREMENT


TODAYS NETWORK POINT-TO-POINT TRANSMISSION SUPPORTED BY CUSTOMERS NEED TOMORROWS NETWORK

FASTER PROVISIONING TELECOMMUNICATION OF CIRCUITS AND NETWORKING SERVICES & SUPPORTED BY COMPUTER BASED INTEGRATED NETWORK MANAGEMENT MAINTENANCE

MANUAL APPROACH DEMANDS FOR TO NETWORK SOPHISTICATED MANAGEMENT AND TELECOM SERVICES MAINTENANCE.

1919

SDH- ADVANTAGES
-SIMPLIFIED MULTIPLEXING/DEMULTIPLEXING.
-DIRECT ACCESS TO LOWER ORDER TRIBURARIES WITHOUT DEMULTIPLEXING ORIGINAL SIGNAL. -CAN ACCOMMODATE BOTH EXISTING PDH AND FUTURE SDH SIGNALS. -IMPROVED SERVICE QUALITY. -ADVANCED N/W MANAGEMENT AND MTCE CAPABILITIES. -IT SUPPORTS MULTIPOINT OR HUB/RING CONFIGURATION BUT PDH NETWORK SUPPORTS PT TO PT CONFIGURATIONS. -DYNAMIC N/W CAPACITY MANAGEMENT. -MULTI VENDOR NETWORKING.

2020

SDH APPLICATION

LOW/HIGH SPEED DATA. VOICE. LAN INTERCONNECTION. COMPUTERLINKS. BROADBAND SERVICES. MLLN.

2121

SIGNAL HIERARCHY
SYNCHRONOUS BIT RATE SYNCHRONOUS OPTICAL TRANSPORT SIGNAL CARRIE MBPS TRANSPORT MODULE R STS-1 OC-1 51.84 ---STS-3 OC-3 155.5 STM-1 STS-9 OC-9 2 ---STSOC-12 466.5 STM-4 12 OC-18 6 --STSOC-24 622.0 --18 OC-36 8 --STSOC-48 933.1 STM24 OC2 16 STS-192 1244. STMLOWER ORDER 36 *BIT RATES FOR HIGHER ORDER IS N-TIMES THE64 16 STS1866. 48 24 2222 STS2488. 192 32

SONET vs SDH BIT RATES SONET

SDH

SDH FRAME REPRESENTATION


9 261

S O H

PAY LOAD

270 (MATRIX REPRESENTATION)

2323

BIT RATE : STM-N


NUMBER OF ROWS = 9 NUMBER OF COLUMNS = 9+261=270 NUMBER OF BYTES = 9x270 NUMBER OF BITS = 9x270x8 NUMBER OF BITS / SECOND = 9x270x8x8000 =155520000 =155.520 Mbps (STM-1) BIT RATE OF STM-N = (Nx155.520) Mbps

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