Machining Operations

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Machining Operations
Text-based version Machining Operations Word Meaning Context More Information

boring

Boring is an operation to enlarge and finish holes accurately. This may be done on a lathe or a milling machine. Boring is a machine operation in which the work is in contact with a single point tool.

A work piece may be held in a 3, 4, or 6 jaw chuck and collets.

Broaching is an operation that broaching completes the cutting in one stroke or cut. Broaching can be done on both internal and external surfaces.

The teeth of a broaching tool are equally spaced so that as the tool advances into the workpiece, each tooth removes a specified amount of metal.

drilling

Drilling is an economical way of removing large amounts of metal to create semi-precision round hole or cavity. Drilling allows a person to make holes through boards, metals, and other materials.

Used for last removal of stock on preparation for other operations like boring, reaming, or tapping.

There are three major types: drill press - Sensitive drill (light drilling) - Upright drill (heavy duty drilling) - Radial arm drill press (large, heavy workpieces) A machine designed to hold drill bits which will produce cylindrical holes. Used for producing cylindrical holes, as well as reaming, boring, counter-boring, counter-sinking, honing, lapping and tapping.

facing

Facing is a lathe operation in which the cutting tool removes metal from the end of

A workpiece may be held in a 3, 4, or 6 jaw chuck, collets or a faceplate.

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the workpiece or a shoulder.

Facing is a machine operation where the work is rotated against a single point tool. gang drilling machine Gang drilling machine performs a number of drilling operations in a sequence. Grinding is an operation in which the cutting is done by the use of abrasive particles. The gang drilling machine is a series of Each head is equipped with a different tool to single spindle drill heads mounted on a drill the part being machined as it moves from long table. one station to the next. The abrasive grains are formed into a grinding Grinding processes remove very small wheel. chips in very large numbers by cutting the action of many small individual Very smooth surfaces can be accomplished by abrasive grains. the use of the proper grinding wheel.

grinding

Various types of grinding machines: grinding machine Grinding machine machines metal parts with an abrasive wheel which can grind to close tolerances. Grinding machines can produce parts of the identical size, shape, and finish quality. Gun drilling machine is a machine used to In some drilling machines, the gun drill produce long, deep is held firm in a machine and the gun drilling holes. machine workpiece revolves; in other cases the work is stationary and the tool revolves. The operation is called "Gun drilling". - Plain Surface grinders - Rotary Surface grinders - Tool & Cutter grinders - Universal grinders - Internal grinders

Uses three types of spindles for producing deep holes: - way - quill - fixed-spindle

honing

Honing is an internal cutting technique that uses abrasives on a rotating tool to produce extremely accurate holes that require a very smooth finish.

Similar to lapping where abrasive sticks are mounted in a rotating tool. Capable of accuracies of less than 1/10,000th of one inch.

Honing operation

A horizontal milling machine uses a horizontal rotating tool to produce flat surfaces. milling machine Used for heavy stock removal. The milling machine provides cutting action with a rotating tool.

The spindle is mounted on a horizontal position. Available in different size tables.

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lathe

The lathe is used for producing cylindrical work. The workpiece is rotated while the cutting tool movement is controlled by the machine. The lathe is primarily used for cylindrical work.

The lathe may be used for: boring, drilling, tapping, turning, facing, threading, polishing, grooving, knurling, trepanning

nonprecision grinding

Non-precision grinding is a cutting technique used when the grinding does not need to be accurate. Non-precision grinding is done when accuracy is not important.

Non-precision grinding is a free-hand operation done on a pedestal or bench grinder.

precision grinding

Precision grinding is a cutting technique used when close tolerances and very smooth finishes are required. Precision grinding as often used as a finish machining process.

Precision grinding allows very small amounts of material to be removed from a workpiece. This is extremely useful in acquiring smooth fnishes.

reaming

Reaming is a sizing operation that removes a small amount of metal from a hole already drilled. The reamer is the tool used for this operation.

Machinists may use hand or machine reamers depending on the job they are performing.

shaper

Shaper is a machine used for the production of flat surfaces in vertical, horizontal, or angular planes. The shaper cuts by passing a single point tool by the workpiece.

There are three types of shapers: - Horizontal / plain or universal - Vertical (slotter and key seater) - Special

shaping

Shaping is an operation used to produce flat surfaces.

When the cutting tool reciprocates while the work is fed towards the tool removing material on each stroke, it is called shaping.

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Shaping

single point threading

Single point threading is a lathe operation used for creating internal / external precision machined threads with a single point tool. Single point threading

Uses a special cutting tool that reflects the thread form. There are over 100 thread forms.

- it is used for light duty work sensitive drill press Sensitive drill press is a high speed machine that drills very small holes. - extremely precise quill and spindle - capable of speeds of over 40,000rpm - maximum drill size of 1/32 of an inch The sensitive drill press

tapping

Tapping is the process of cutting a thread inside a hole so that a cap screw or bolt can be threaded into the hole. Also, it is used to make threads on nuts. Tapping is done with a tool called a "Tap".

Tapping may be done by: - hand - lathe machine - milling machine - tapping machine

turning

Turning is a lathe operation in which the cutting tool removes metal from the outside diameter of a workpiece. A single point tool is used for turning.

A workpiece may be held in a 3, 4, or 6 jaw chuck, collets or may also be held between centers.

vertical milling machine

A vertical milling machine uses a rotating tool to produce flat surfaces. A very flexible, light-duty machine.

The milling machine provides cutting action with a rotating tool.

The spindle is mounted on a vertical position. Available in different size tables.

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