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Design Philosophy-Process Piping

The document provides guidelines for line sizing of pipes for liquid and gas pipelines. It lists factors that influence line sizing such as required capacity, pressure drop, pumping cost, velocity criteria, flow induced forces, and noise and vibration. It then provides maximum velocity criteria for different pipe sizes and services for both liquids and gases based on parameters such as pressure, pipe diameter, and service type. It also provides erosion velocity criteria and roughness coefficients for different materials.

Uploaded by

Wade Coleman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
278 views

Design Philosophy-Process Piping

The document provides guidelines for line sizing of pipes for liquid and gas pipelines. It lists factors that influence line sizing such as required capacity, pressure drop, pumping cost, velocity criteria, flow induced forces, and noise and vibration. It then provides maximum velocity criteria for different pipe sizes and services for both liquids and gases based on parameters such as pressure, pipe diameter, and service type. It also provides erosion velocity criteria and roughness coefficients for different materials.

Uploaded by

Wade Coleman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LINE SIZING BASIS Line sizing will be broadly governed by following factors Required capacity / available pressure drop

/ pumping cost Velocity criteria Flow induced forces Noise / Vibration Pressure surges Erosion/Corrosion/Cavitation Liquid accumulation / slug flow Static electricity LINE SIZING CRITERIA FOR LIQUIDS Nor DP Bar/km 0.6

Service Pump suction (Bubble point & liquid saturated with gases) Pump suction, sub-cooled Pump discharge Gravity flow Side stream draw off (Provide a vertical run of 3 mtr minimum from nozzle of nozzle size before reducing the size of the line) Cooling water sub header Cooling water main header

Line Size < 10 10 to 20 >20" < 10 >10"

Max Vel m/s 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.5 to 3 0.6 0.6 0.9

3.5

0.25 0.6

</= 2" >/= 3"

2.5 to 3.5

50 ~100 mtr upstream of tank, velocity to be reduced to less than 1 m/s to limit risk of static charge (where ever applicable) Specific services velocity to be based on case by case.

LINE SIZING CRITERIA FOR VAPOURS AND GAS

Line Size

Max Vel m/s

rv2 (ma x)

Vacuum service Press < 0.01 Bara 0.01 to 0.05 Bara >0.05 Steam Saturated

90 75 60 20 1500 0 1500 0

Steam Superheated

30

Gas Pressure <20 Barg Pressure 20 to 50 Barg Pressure 50 to 80 Barg Pressure > 80 Barg Note-1 it should be verified that following velocity is not exceed Pressure Barg 0.1 or lower Upto 1 Upto 5 >5

Note-1 Note-1 Note-1 Note-1

6000 7500 1000 0 1500 0

Max Vel m/s 60 40 30 20

EROSIONAL SERVICES Line Size Mixed phase condensate (Vertical and horizontal lines should not be affected by slug flow rv 5000 to 10000 , max 15000 High velocity service In offshore facilities piping handling gaseous and mixed phase (gas/vapour + liq) streams, velocity will be less than erosinal velocity Ve Ve = C/(r^0.5) -- erosional velocity r = Density C Values For uniform corrosion < 0.3 mm/y or corrosion inhibitor is used For uniform corrosion > 0.3 mm/y Discontinues service- all cases Velocity in any case for continues service should be less than (except vacuum) For SV discharge to flare Individual header Flare header

Max Vel m/s

10 to 20

fps lbs/ft3 C

100 80 200

50

Mach no Mach no

< 0.75 < 0.5

The following roughness coefficients shall be used unless stated otherwise Material Carbon Steel Flare / Vent headers (Heavily corroded) Stainless Steel Pipe Glass Reinforced Epoxy Pipe Roughness (inches) 0.0018 0.018 0.001 0.0001

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