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CT Adequacy Checking For Various Protection Application

This document discusses calculating the adequate knee point voltage for current transformers used in distance protection applications. It provides an example calculation for a 100km long 220kV transmission line, determining the fault current at the zone 1 reach point is 2260A. With a 600/1 CT ratio, this results in a required knee point voltage of 22.62(Rct + 1) volts to satisfy the protection requirements. The knee point voltage calculation must consider faults at the zone 1 reach for both phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth.

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magrinraphael
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355 views

CT Adequacy Checking For Various Protection Application

This document discusses calculating the adequate knee point voltage for current transformers used in distance protection applications. It provides an example calculation for a 100km long 220kV transmission line, determining the fault current at the zone 1 reach point is 2260A. With a 600/1 CT ratio, this results in a required knee point voltage of 22.62(Rct + 1) volts to satisfy the protection requirements. The knee point voltage calculation must consider faults at the zone 1 reach for both phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth.

Uploaded by

magrinraphael
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CT ADEQUACY CHECKING FOR VARIOUS PROTECTION APPLICATION

C T KNEE POINT VOLTAGE ADEQUACY CHECK FOR DISTANCE PROTECTION


DISTANCE PROTECTION Vk = If (1+X/R)(Rct +2Rl+Rb) FOR PHASE TO EARTH FAULTS. If (1+X/R) (Rct +Rl+Rb) FOR PHASE TO PHASE FAULTS. WHERE If = CT secondary current for a fault at zonal reach point. X/R = system X/R ratio. Rct = CT sec. Resistance. Rl = One way lead resistance between relay &CT Rb = relay burden

CT Vk CALCULATION FOR A 100KM LONG 220KV LINE.(Distance Proection)

A BUS FAULT LEVEL AT END A = 2000MVA (ASSUMED) Zs = KV/MVA = 220/2000MVA =24.2OHMS

Zl IS LINE IMPEDANCE UPTO ZONE-1 REACH POINT. = 0.8*100* 0.4 OHMS WHERE 0.4 IS LINE IMPEDANCE PER KM (ASSUMED) = 32 OHMS TOTAL IMPEDANCE UPTO REACH POINT =24.2+32 = 56.2 OHMS. FAULT CURRENT FOR A FAULT AT ZONE-1 REACH POINT 220*10/3*56.2 =2260 A

CT Ratio= 600/1Amp. Sec. Fault Current = 2260/600*1 =3.77 Amp. Vk = If (1+X/R) (Rct +2Rl +Rb) = 3.77(1+5) (Rct+0.5*2+0) = 3.77*6 (Rct+1) =22.62 Rct +22.62 = (23Rct + 22) volts. CT parameters can be specified as follows. Ratio:600/1Amp., Class =PS Vk (23Rct+ 22) volts Imag 30ma at Vk/2 volts.

This gives flexibility to the CT manufacturer to select Rct&Vk values to suit their convenience.

The required knee point voltage must be calculated for the three phase fault current at the zone-1 reach and also for the earth fault current at the zone-1 reach. The higher of the two calculated knee point voltages is used.

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