ADVANCE PLACEMENT WORLD HISTORY CH.

25 Age of Imperialism MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The Nguni peoples of southeastern Africa traditionally had pursued a life based on a. the Atlantic slave trade. b. mining and mineral wealth. c. cattle and agriculture. d. hunting and raiding. e. the gold and ivory trade. 2. The Zulu kingdom arose primarily because of a. centralized African defense against the British. b. internal conflicts over grazing and farm lands. c. individuals brought to power by the Portuguese. d. conflicts over hunting lands and the gold rush. e. the spread of epidemic disease from the Americas. 3. The kingdoms of Lesotho and Swazi were created a. as labor camps to benefit the British. b. to protect their peoples from the Dutch. c. by attracting refugees from Zulu raids. d. originally as "paper" states that did not exist. e. to fight the Europeans. 4. The Zulu succeeded in creating a new a. national identity. b. system of writing. c. economic system based on cowrie shells. d. national education system. e. state that lasted until the twentieth century. 5. The largest of the mew Muslim reform movements occurred in which area? a. the Swazi lands b. the Lesotho kingdom c. the Hausa states d. the Sokoto Caliphate e. the Tukulor Empire 6. The African slave trade was perpetuated by a. the Sokoto Caliphate. b. the Madagascar Empire. c. the Hausa states. d. Egypt and Sudan. e. Liberia. 7. One of the chief attractions in the Sokoto Caliphate was a. the slave market b. the Great Library c. an international port of trade. d. an international Islamic university e. the first African railroad depot. 8. Muhammad Ali's creation of modern Egypt was shaped by the shock of a. the invading Ottoman armies. b. encountering the Industrial Revolution. c. Napoleon's occupation of Egypt.

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d. Portuguese raids deep into the Red Sea area. e. the Russian Revolution. 9. Egyptian modernization was paid for by a. expanding into weaker neighboring states. b. fighting for the British in return for money. c. developing a cotton industry that rivaled the United States'. d. mining, primarily of silver. e. borrowing money from the Netherlands. 10. Egypt was able to build a modern state based on cotton exports until a. the British switched their preference to Indian cotton. b. King Jaja instituted peasant economies based on hand weaving that undercut Ali's labor forces. c. the American cotton market resumed after the Civil War. d. new work on irrigation canals caused a decrease in flooding of the Nile, and cotton crops failed e. France occupied Egypt and prevented it from exporting cotton to Britain. 11. Emperor Twodros of Ethiopia had assistance in the local manufacture of weapons from a. Egyptian soldiers fighting Napoleon. b. Islamic merchants from along the Red Sea wishing to convert Ethiopia. c. Protestant missionaries. d. African scholars returned from universities in Europe. e. renegade British mercenaries who wanted to establish their own trade empire. 12. A significant difference in Ethiopian identification compared to other African nations was a. It was predominantly Christian for 1500 years. b. It was predominantly Muslim since the seventh century C.E. c. it followed indigenous religious practices but remained tolerant of monotheism. d. It was predominantly Buddhist since trade missions with China in the 16th century. e. It was religiously tolerant and multicultural with virtually no religious policy. 13. The French invasion of Algeria was originally the result of a. a Frenchman slapping the Algerian ambassador. b. Algerians taking French officials hostage. c. the French wanting to plunder Algerian wealth. d. a dispute over the French government not repaying Algerian loans. e. the accidental killing of an Algerian woman by French troops. 14. In a. b. c. d. e. addition to intruding into Africa militarily, European explorers were peacefully investigating African geographic mysteries. tracing the paths of Africa's great rivers. looking for Africa's mineral wealth. trying to convert Africans to Christianity. All of these

15. Who was David Livingstone? a. A Scottish missionary and explorer b. The writer of the first journal of British imperialism c. The first mariner around the Cape of Good Hope d. The British general responsible for defeating the French in Bengal e. The leader of the movement for independence in Trinidad

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16. Why did the slave trade end? a. Slave revolts and humanitarian reform movements ended it. b. Africa refused to sell slaves to Europeans anymoreeven for guns. c. The plantation system became self-sufficient. d. The soil could no longer support sugar crops. e. Too many slaves died on the voyages to make slave trading profitable anymore. 17. Ironically, the British were the world's greatest slave traders and later a. became the most aggressive suppressers of the slave trade. b. reopened the slave trade with the Asante. c. interfered with the French treatment of their slaves in Saint Domingue. d. replaced factory workers with African slaves. e. conspired to operate an illegal slave-trading operation out of Barbados. 18. Africans wanted European manufactured goods, so when the slave trade ended, they a. satisfied their demand for goods by developing indigenous manufacturing. b. expanded their "legitimate" trade by developing new exports. c. learned to manage without European goods. d. were never able to afford European goods. e. hired European consultants to develop factories. 19. The most successful export from West Africa after abolition was a. palm oil. b. gold. c. ivory. d. lumber. e. illicit slaves. 20. "Recaptives" were a. slaves repatriated to Madagascar. b. U.S. slaves who wanted to return to Africa. c. slaves who were taken off illicit trade ships by the British and stationed in Sierra Leone. d. escaped slaves who were resold into slavery by the East Africans when the Atlantic slave trade stopped. e. Africans who had gone to Europe for education but returned to Africa to recapture their traditional heritage. 21. What radically altered the social structure of the coastal trading communities? a. the slave trade b. palm oil exports. c. the rubber trade. d. demand for ivory. e. the discovery of gold and diamonds in the trans-vaal area. 22. Western African nations saw cultural influence from the west in all of these areas except: a. Christian conversion. b. expansion of education c. favoring European musical stylings d. outlawing slavery. e. architectural motifs. 23. Eastern African states are referred to as "secondary empires" because they were

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a. not directly controlled by Europeans but were supplied with European weapons. b. much smaller than ordinary empires. c. not run as efficiently as most empires. d. developed in the second era of European imperialism. e. based on trade and not agriculture. 24. One of the largest personal empires created in the ivory exchange market was by a. King Leopold of Belgium. b. Henry Morton Stanley c. Tipu Sultan Mysore d. King Jaja of Opobo e. Tippu Tip 25. Although the East India Company was founded in 1600, the British gradually colonized India by a. defeating the French and picking apart the decaying Mughal Empire. b. making alliances with Persian traders to establish trading posts. c. enslaving Indians on sugar plantations. d. paying the Dutch enormous amounts to abandon their Indian economic interests and trade only in Java. e. getting the population addicted to opium. 26. Fragmentation made it easier for the British to establish themselves in India. The power of India was divided by all of the following except a. Iranian forces. b. the Maratha Confederation. c. nawabs. d. European forces. e. Pakistani troops. 27. Sepoys were Indian troops who a. fought against the nawabs. b. were hired and trained to protect European companies' warehouses. c. fought for Hindu India against the Muslims. d. fought against the British in India. e. fought to end French occupation of Bengal. 28. The "Bombay Presidency" was a. a British puppet government with a local Bombay nawab named as the legitimate leader. b. a temporary rebellion centered in Bombay and carried out by supporters of Tipu Sultan. c. territory taken over by the East India Company after defeating the Maratha Confederation. d. the stronghold of resistance against the British by the Maratha Confederation. e. the last territory held by the Mughal Empire. 29. What was the British raj? a. British tea b. British school c. British clothes d. A British game e. British rule of India

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30. One of the critical features for Britain's control of India at the local level was with the use of a. nawabs b. sepoys c. client patron relations. d. "company men. e. rajput royalty 31. The British invocation of "tradition" in India was used to a. enhance and benefit their supporters in British-ruled India. b. endow religious leaders with power to maintain control over the population. c. enforce the image of Britain's monarchy and wealth. d. provide a justification to keep control over the population in the absence of a regular, established colonial policy. e. All of these 32. The EIC transformed the Indian economy by a. encouraging the Indian mercantile economy. b. expanding agricultural production and decreasing industrial output. c. extending social security benefits to all castes. d. taxing merchants on a lower scale than farmers. e. expanding industrial capacity so that it would be in line with the West. 33. What prevented the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857 from becoming a full-scale revolution? a. British withdrawal from India b. British sponsorship of home rule as a compromise c. Rivalry between Hindu and Muslim sepoys d. British shipment of massive troops from abroad to squash the rebellion before it could spread e. No sense of Indian nationalism 34. Why was the Sepoy Rebellion a turning point in the history of India? a. The British were finally rebuffed and withdrew from India. b. The sepoys successfully pushed the British out of Bengal. c. India came to be ruled directly by the British government. d. It inspired the development of new weapons that did not require gunpowder. e. All of these 35. The changes in the wake of the Sepoy Rebellion included all of the following except a. a law guaranteeing all Indians equal protection. b. a law requiring freedom of religion and social custom. c. the placement of a viceroy governor-general in Delhi. d. respect for the rights of Indian princes loyal to the Crown. e. a reduction in financial obligations to the raj. 36. The Indian Civil Service a. staffed largely by Indians. b. abolished after the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857. c. widely recruited those who could speak multiple Indian languages and English. d. theoretically open to all, but actually excluded Indians. e. was based on the Confucian system of examinations. 37. One of the most significant reasons for the expansion of India's trade was: a. an Indian unification movement. b. public works and infrastructure projects.

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c. British extension of manufacturing technology to local populations. d. utilizing the mechanization system of division of labor to improve productivity. e. urbanization. 38. In a. b. c. d. e. 1870, the Indian railroad system was among the world's largest. practically nonexistent. still run by Indians. for the British onlyfew Indians used it. based on the Japanese model.

39. The deadliest disease in India was kala mari (black death), also known as a. Calcutta fever. b. bubonic plague. c. scarlet fever. d. smallpox. e. cholera. 40. The first reformer to advocate Pan-Indian nationalism was a. Mohandas K. Gandhi. b. Muhammad Ali Jinnah. c. Martin Luther King, Jr. d. Indira Gandhi. e. Rammohun Roy. 41. The Indian National Congress initially sought more rights for Indians a. by promoting ethnic and religious unity. b. through armed revolt. c. through hunger strikes. d. through sabotage and subversion. e. All of these 42. The first secular school for Indian women was founded in a. Calcutta b. New Delhi c. Bombay d. Nepal e. Jaipur 43. Progress in women's rights in India was made in all of the following forms except: a. restricting child marriages. b. outlawing widow burning c. revocation of laws prohibiting widows from remarrying. d. criminalizing female infanticide. e. outlawing prostitution. 44. A significant method of instilling nationalism was a. declaring an official dialect of India, Hindi. b. establishing schools and universities. c. running railroads, which mixed all members of caste systems together. d. trying to streamline the Hindu and Parsi religions. e. enacting public performances of the Mahabharata. 45. Cape Colony was initially important to the British because it a. was Britain's first foothold in Africa.

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b. c. d. e. had great mineral wealth. was a supply station for the lengthy India route. showed that the French could be defeated overseas. was Britain's source for rubber.

46. Which was NOT one of the Dutch overseas possessions taken over by the British to incorporate into their "Eastern Empire?" a. Malacca b. Guiana c. Mauritius d. Ceylon e. Cape Colony 47. The migration of Afrikaners from British-ruled Cape Colony for fertile land in the north is called the a. Great Escape. b. Great Trek. c. Long March. d. Death March. e. Great March. 48. The underlying goal of British imperialism in the mid-nineteenth century was to a. control foreign territory. b. promote British trade overseas. c. beat other nations to new territories. d. protect British citizens overseas. e. find a place to send convicts and other "undesirables." 49. A significant impetus to increasing global commercial expansion in the nineteenth century included a. clipper ships. b. chemical use of quicksilver to preserve cargo. c. the realization that scurvy could be prevented with citrus fruits. d. learning from Native American tribes that salt cod could provide food on long hauls. e. a decrease of piracy because of an increased presence of the British navy. 50. The first British settlers in Australia were a. soldiers who had been mustered out. b. exiled convicts. c. homesteaders who received grants of land. d. recruited from settlements in India. e. indentured servants.