BATAS PAMBANSA BILANG 881

OMNIBUS ELECTION CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

December 3, 1985 ARTICLE I. GENERAL PROVISIONS Sec. 1. Title. - This Act shall be known and cited as the "Omnibus Election Code of the Philippines." Sec. . A!!licabilit". - This Code shall #o$e%n all election o& !'blic o&&ice%s and( to the e)tent a!!%o!%iate( all %e&e%enda and !lebiscites. Sec. *. Election and ca+!ai#n !e%iods. - ,nless othe%wise &i)ed in s!ecial cases b" the Co++ission on Elections( which he%eina&te% shall be %e&e%%ed to as the Co++ission( the election !e%iod shall co++ence ninet" da"s be&o%e the da" o& the election and shall end thi%t" da"s the%ea&te%. The !e%iod o& ca+!ai#n shall be as &ollows1. P%esidential and Vice-P%esidential Election - ./ da"s0 . Election o& 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa and Local Election - 34 da"s0 and *. 2a%an#a" Election - 14 da"s. The ca+!ai#n !e%iods shall not incl'de the da" be&o%e and the da" o& the election. 5owe$e%( in case o& s!ecial elections 'nde% A%ticle VIII( Section 4( S'bsection 6 7 o& the Constit'tion( the ca+!ai#n !e%iod shall be &o%t"-&i$e da"s. Sec. 3. Obli#ation to %e#iste% and $ote. - It shall be the obli#ation o& e$e%" citi8en 9'ali&ied to $ote to %e#iste% and cast his $ote. Sec. 4. Post!one+ent o& election. - :hen &o% an" se%io's ca'se s'ch as $iolence( te%%o%is+( loss o% dest%'ction o& election !a%a!he%nalia o% %eco%ds( &o%ce +a;e'%e( and othe% analo#o's ca'ses o& s'ch a nat'%e that the holdin# o& a &%ee( o%de%l" and honest election sho'ld beco+e i+!ossible in an" !olitical s'bdi$ision( the Co++ission( +ot' !%o!%io o% '!on a $e%i&ied !etition b" an" inte%ested !a%t"( and a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( whe%eb" all inte%ested !a%ties a%e a&&o%ded e9'al o!!o%t'nit" to

be hea%d( shall !ost!one the election the%ein to a date which sho'ld be %easonabl" close to the date o& the election not held( s's!ended o% which %es'lted in a &ail'%e to elect b't not late% than thi%t" da"s a&te% the cessation o& the ca'se &o% s'ch !ost!one+ent o% s's!ension o& the election o% &ail'%e to elect. Sec. <. =ail'%e o& election. - I&( on acco'nt o& &o%ce +a;e'%e( $iolence( te%%o%is+( &%a'd( o% othe% analo#o's ca'ses the election in an" !ollin# !lace has not been held on the date &i)ed( o% had been s's!ended be&o%e the ho'% &i)ed b" law &o% the closin# o& the $otin#( o% a&te% the $otin# and d'%in# the !%e!a%ation and the t%ans+ission o& the election %et'%ns o% in the c'stod" o% can$ass the%eo&( s'ch election %es'lts in a &ail'%e to elect( and in an" o& s'ch cases the &ail'%e o% s's!ension o& election wo'ld a&&ect the %es'lt o& the election( the Co++ission shall( on the basis o& a $e%i&ied !etition b" an" inte%ested !a%t" and a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( call &o% the holdin# o% contin'ation o& the election not held( s's!ended o% which %es'lted in a &ail'%e to elect on a date %easonabl" close to the date o& the election not held( s's!ended o% which %es'lted in a &ail'%e to elect b't not late% than thi%t" da"s a&te% the cessation o& the ca'se o& s'ch !ost!one+ent o% s's!ension o& the election o% &ail'%e to elect. Sec. >. Call o& s!ecial election. - 617 In case a $acanc" a%ises in the 2atasan# Pa+bansa ei#hteen +onths o% +o%e be&o%e a %e#'la% election( the Co++ission shall call a s!ecial election to be held within si)t" da"s a&te% the $acanc" occ'%s to elect the 1e+be% to se%$e the 'ne)!i%ed te%+. 6 7 In case o& the dissol'tion o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( the P%esident shall call an election which shall not be held ea%lie% than &o%t"-&i$e no% late% than si)t" da"s &%o+ the date o& s'ch dissol'tion. The Co++ission shall send s'&&icient co!ies o& its %esol'tion &o% the holdin# o& the election to its !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%s and election %e#ist%a%s &o% disse+ination( who shall !ost co!ies the%eo& in at least th%ee cons!ic'o's !laces !%e&e%abl" whe%e !'blic +eetin#s a%e held in each cit" o% +'nici!alit" a&&ected. Sec. ?. Election Code to be a$ailable in !ollin# !laces. - A !%inted co!" o& this Code in En#lish o% in the national lan#'a#e shall be !%o$ided and be +ade a$ailable b" the Co++ission in e$e%" !ollin# !lace( in o%de% that it +a" be %eadil" cons'lted b" an" !e%son in need the%eo& on the %e#ist%ation( %e$ision and election da"s. Sec. .. O&&icial +ail and tele#%a+ %elati$e to elections. - Pa!e%s connected with the election and %e9'i%ed b" this Code to be sent b" !'blic o&&ice%s in the !e%&o%+ance o& thei% election d'ties shall be &%ee o& !osta#e and sent b" %e#iste%ed s!ecial deli$e%" +ail. Tele#%a+s o& the sa+e nat'%e shall

likewise be t%ans+itted &%ee o& cha%#e b" #o$e%n+ent teleco++'nications and si+ila% &acilities. It shall be the d't" o& the Post+aste% Gene%al( the @i%ecto% o& the 2'%ea' o& Teleco++'nications( and the +ana#e%s o& !%i$ate teleco++'nication co+!anies to t%ans+it i++ediatel" and in !%e&e%ence to all othe% co++'nications o% tele#%a+s +essa#es %e!o%tin# election %es'lts and s'ch othe% +essa#es o% co++'nications which the Co++ission +a" %e9'i%e o% +a" be necessa%" to ens'%e &%ee( honest and o%de%l" elections. Sec. 1/. Election e)!enses. - E)ce!t in ba%an#a" elections( s'ch e)!enses as +a" be necessa%" and %easonable in connection with the elections( %e&e%enda( !lebiscites and othe% si+ila% e)e%cises shall be !aid b" the Co++ission. The Co++ission +a" di%ect that in the !%o$inces( cities( o% +'nici!alities( the election e)!enses cha%#eable to the Co++ission be ad$anced b" the !%o$ince( cit" o% +'nici!alit" conce%ned s'b;ect to %ei+b'%se+ent b" the Co++ission '!on !%esentation o& the !%o!e% bill. ='nds needed b" the Co++ission to de&%a" the e)!enses &o% the holdin# o& %e#'la% and s!ecial elections( %e&e%enda and !lebiscites shall be !%o$ided in the %e#'la% a!!%o!%iations o& the Co++ission which( '!on %e9'est( shall i++ediatel" be %eleased to the Co++ission. In case o& de&icienc"( the a+o'nt so !%o$ided shall be a'#+ented &%o+ the s!ecial acti$ities &'nds in the #ene%al a!!%o!%iations act and &%o+ those s!eci&icall" a!!%o!%iated &o% the !'%!ose in s!ecial laws. Sec. 11. =ail'%e to ass'+e o&&ice. - The o&&ice o& an" o&&icial elected who &ails o% %e&'ses to take his oath o& o&&ice within si) +onths &%o+ his !%ocla+ation shall be conside%ed $acant( 'nless said &ail'%e is &o% a ca'se o% ca'ses be"ond his cont%ol. Sec. 1 . @is9'ali&ications. - An" !e%son who has been decla%ed b" co+!etent a'tho%it" insane o% inco+!etent( o% has been sentenced b" &inal ;'d#+ent &o% s'b$e%sion( ins'%%ection( %ebellion o% &o% an" o&&ense &o% which he has been sentenced to a !enalt" o& +o%e than ei#hteen +onths o% &o% a c%i+e in$ol$in# +o%al t'%!it'de( shall be dis9'ali&ied to be a candidate and to hold an" o&&ice( 'nless he has been #i$en !lena%" !a%don o% #%anted a+nest". This dis9'ali&ications to be a candidate he%ein !%o$ided shall be dee+ed %e+o$ed '!on the decla%ation b" co+!etent a'tho%it" that said insanit" o% inco+!etence had been %e+o$ed o% a&te% the e)!i%ation o& a !e%iod o& &i$e "ea%s &%o+ his se%$ice o& sentence( 'nless within the sa+e !e%iod he a#ain beco+es dis9'ali&ied.

ARTICLE II. ELECTION O= PRESI@ENT AN@ VICE-PRESI@ENT Sec. 1*. Re#'la% election &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident. - The %e#'la% election &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident o& the Phili!!ines shall be held on the &i%st 1onda" o& 1a" Nineteen h'nd%ed ei#ht" se$en 61.?>7 and on the sa+e da" e$e%" si) "ea%s the%ea&te%. The P%esident-elect and the ViceP%esident-elect shall ass'+e o&&ice at twel$e oAclock noon on the thi%tieth da" o& B'ne ne)t &ollowin# the election and shall end at noon o& the sa+e date( si) "ea%s the%ea&te% when the te%+ o& his s'ccesso% shall be#in. Sec. 13. S!ecial election &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident. - In case a $acanc" occ'%s &o% the O&&ice o& the P%esident and Vice-P%esident( the 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall( at ten oAclock in the +o%nin# o& the thi%d da" a&te% the $acanc" occ'%s( con$ene in acco%dance with its %'les witho't need o& a call and within se$en da"s enact a law callin# &o% a s!ecial election to elect a P%esident and a Vice-P%esident to be held not ea%lie% than &o%t"-&i$e da"s no% late% than si)t" da"s &%o+ the ti+e o& s'ch call. The bill callin# s'ch s!ecial election shall be dee+ed ce%ti&ied 'nde% !a%a#%a!h 6 7( Section 1.( A%ticle VIII o& the Constit'tion and shall beco+e law '!on its a!!%o$al on thi%d %eadin# b" the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. A!!%o!%iations &o% the s!ecial election shall be cha%#ed a#ainst an" c'%%ent a!!%o!%iations and shall be e)e+!t &%o+ the %e9'i%e+ents o& !a%a#%a!h 637( Section 1< o& A%ticle VIII o& the Constit'tion. The con$enin# o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa cannot be s's!ended no% the s!ecial election !ost!oned. No s!ecial election shall be called i& the $acanc" occ'%s within se$ent" da"s be&o%e the date o& the !%esidential election o& 1.?>. Sec. 14. Can$ass o& $otes &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident b" the !%o$incial o% cit" boa%d o& can$asse%s. - The !%o$incial( cit"( o% dist%ict boa%ds o& can$asse%s in 1et%o!olitan 1anila( as the case +a" be( shall +eet not late% than si) oAclock in the e$enin# on election da" to can$ass the election %et'%ns that +a" ha$e al%ead" been %ecei$ed b" the+( %es!ecti$el". It shall +eet contin'o'sl" &%o+ da" to da" 'ntil the can$ass is co+!leted( b't +a" ad;o'%n onl" &o% the !'%!ose o& awaitin# the othe% election %et'%ns. Each ti+e the boa%d ad;o'%ns( it shall +ake a total o& all the $otes cast &o% each candidate &o% P%esident and &o% Vice-P%esident( d'l" a'thenticated b" the si#nat'%es and th'+b+a%ks o& all the +e+be%s o& the !%o$incial( cit" o% dist%ict boa%d o& can$asse%s( &'%nishin# the Co++ission in 1anila b" the &astest +eans o& co++'nication a co!" the%eo&( and +akin# a$ailable the data contained the%ein to +ass +edia and othe% inte%ested !a%ties. ,!on the co+!letion o& the can$ass( the boa%d shall !%e!a%e a ce%ti&icate o& can$ass showin# the $otes %ecei$ed b" each candidate &o% the o&&ice o& the P%esident and &o% Vice-P%esident( d'l" a'thenticated b" the si#nat'%es and th'+b+a%ks o& all the +e+be%s o& the !%o$incial( cit" o% dist%ict boa%d o& can$asse%s. ,!on the co+!letion

o& the ce%ti&icate o& can$ass( the boa%d shall ce%ti&" and t%ans+it the said ce%ti&icate o& can$ass to the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. The !%o$incial( cit" and dist%ict boa%ds o& can$asse%s shall !%e!a%e the ce%ti&icate o& can$ass &o% the election o& P%esident and Vice-P%esident( s'!!o%ted b" a state+ent o& $otes b" !ollin# !lace( in 9'int'!licate b" the 'se o& ca%bon !a!e%s o% s'ch othe% +eans as the Co++ission shall !%esc%ibe to the end that all &i$e co!ies shall be le#ibl" !%od'ced in one handw%itin#. The &i$e co!ies o& the ce%ti&icate o& can$ass +'st bea% the si#nat'%es and th'+b+a%ks o& all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d. ,!on the co+!letion o& these ce%ti&icates and state+ents( the" shall be enclosed in en$elo!es &'%nished b" the Co++ission and sealed( and i++ediatel" dist%ib'ted as &ollows- the o%i#inal co!" shall be enclosed and sealed in the en$elo!e di%ected to the S!eake% and deli$e%ed to hi+ at the 2atasan# Pa+bansa b" the &astest !ossible +eans0 the second co!" shall likewise be enclosed and sealed in the en$elo!e di%ected to the Co++ission0 the thi%d co!" shall be %etained b" the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%( in the case o& the !%o$incial boa%d o& can$asse%s( and b" the cit" election %e#ist%a%( in the case o& the cit" boa%d o& can$asse%s0 and one co!" each to the a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es o& the %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !olitical !a%t". =ail'%e to co+!l" with the %e9'i%e+ents o& this section shall constit'te an election o&&ense. Sec. 1<. Co'ntin# o& $otes &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident b" the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. - The ce%ti&icates o& can$ass( d'l" ce%ti&ied b" the boa%d o& can$asse%s o& each !%o$ince( cit" o% dist%ict in 1et%o!olitan 1anila shall be t%ans+itted to the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( who shall( not late% than thi%t" da"s a&te% the da" o& the election( con$ene the 2atasan# Pa+bansa in session and in its !%esence o!en all the ce%ti&icates o& can$ass( and the $otes shall then be co'nted. Sec. 1>. Co%%ection o& e%%o%s in ce%ti&icate and s'!!o%tin# state+ent al%ead" t%ans+itted to the S!eake%. - No co%%ection o& e%%o%s alle#edl" co++itted in the ce%ti&icate o& can$ass and s'!!o%tin# state+ent al%ead" t%ans+itted to the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall be allowed( s'b;ect to the !%o$isions o& the s'cceedin# section. Sec. 1?. P%ese%$ation o& ballot bo)es( thei% ke"s( and dis!osition o& thei% contents. - ,ntil a&te% the co+!letion b" the 2atasan# Pa+bansa o& the can$assin# o& the $otes and 'ntil an 'ncontested !%ocla+ation o& the P%esident-elect and Vice-P%esident-elect shall ha$e been obtained( the !%o$incial( cit" o% dist%ict boa%d o& can$asse%s 'nde% the ;oint %es!onsibilit" with the !%o$incial( cit" o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e%s shall !%o$ide &o% the sa&ekee!in# and sto%a#e o& the ballot bo)es in a sa&e and closed cha+be% sec'%ed b" &o'% !adlocks- one to be !%o$ided b" the co%%es!ondin# boa%d chai%+an0 one b" the !%o$incial o% cit" t%eas'%e%

conce%ned0 and one each b" the %'lin# !a%t" and the acc%edited do+inant o!!osition !olitical !a%t". Sec. 1.. :hen ce%ti&icate o& can$ass is inco+!lete o% bea%s e%as'%es o% alte%ations. - :hen the ce%ti&icate o& can$ass( d'l" ce%ti&ied b" the boa%d o& can$asse%s o& each !%o$ince( cit" o% dist%ict in 1et%o!olitan 1anila and t%ans+itted to the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( as !%o$ided in the Constit'tion( a!!ea%s to be inco+!lete( the S!eake% shall %e9'i%e the boa%d o& can$asse%s conce%ned to t%ans+it to his o&&ice( b" !e%sonal deli$e%"( the election %et'%ns &%o+ !ollin# !laces that we%e not incl'ded in the ce%ti&icate o& can$ass and s'!!o%tin# state+ents. Said election %et'%ns shall be s'b+itted b" !e%sonal deli$e%" to the S!eake% within two da"s &%o+ %ecei!t o& notice. :hen it a!!ea%s that an" ce%ti&icate o& can$ass o% s'!!o%tin# state+ent o& $otes b" !ollin# !lace bea%s e%as'%es o% alte%ations which +a" cast do'bt as to the $e%acit" o& the n'+be% o& $otes stated the%ein and +a" a&&ect the %es'lt o& the election( the 2atasan# Pa+bansa '!on %e9'est o& the P%esidential o% Vice-P%esidential candidate conce%ned o% his !a%t" shall( &o% the sole !'%!ose o& $e%i&"in# the act'al n'+be% o& $otes cast &o% P%esident o% Vice-P%esident( co'nt the $otes as the" a!!ea% in the co!ies o& the election %et'%ns &o% the Co++ission. =o% this !'%!ose( the S!eake% shall %e9'i%e the Co++ission to deli$e% its co!ies o& the election %et'%ns to the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. Sec. /. P%ocla+ation o& the P%esident-elect and Vice-P%esident-elect. ,!on the co+!letion o& the can$ass o& the $otes b" the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( the !e%sons obtainin# the hi#hest n'+be% o& $otes &o% P%esident and &o% Vice-P%esident shall be decla%ed elected0 b't in case two o% +o%e shall ha$e an e9'al and the hi#hest n'+be% o& $otes( one o& the+ shall be chosen P%esident o% Vice-P%esident( as the case +a" be( b" a +a;o%it" $ote o& all the 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa in session asse+bled. In case the%e a%e ce%ti&icates o& can$ass which ha$e not been s'b+itted to the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa on acco'nt o& +issin# election %et'%ns( a !%ocla+ation +a" be +ade i& the +issin# ce%ti&icates will not a&&ect the %es'lts o& the election. In case the ce%ti&icates o& can$ass which we%e not s'b+itted on acco'nt o& +issin# election %et'%ns will a&&ect the %es'lts o& the election( no !%ocla+ation shall be +ade. The S!eake% shall i++ediatel" inst%'ct the boa%ds o& can$asse%s conce%ned to obtain the +issin# election %et'%ns &%o+ the boa%ds o& election ins!ecto%s o%( i& the %et'%ns ha$e been lost o% dest%o"ed '!on !%io% a'tho%it" &%o+ the Co++ission( to 'se an" a'thentic co!" o& said election %et'%ns &o% the !'%!ose o& cond'ctin# the can$ass( and the%ea&te% iss'e the ce%ti&icates o& can$ass. The ce%ti&icates

o& can$ass shall be i++ediatel" t%ans+itted to the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. P%ocla+ation shall be +ade onl" '!on s'b+ission o& all ce%ti&icates o& can$ass o% when the +issin# ce%ti&icates o& can$ass will not a&&ect the %es'lts o& the election. ARTICLE III. ELECTION O= 1E12ERS O= T5E 2ATASANG PA12ANSA Sec. 1. Re#'la% election o& 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. - The %e#'la% election o& the 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall be held on the second 1onda" o& 1a"( Nineteen h'nd%ed and ninet" 61../7 and on the sa+e da" e$e%" si) "ea%s the%ea&te%. Sec. . S!ecial election &o% 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. - In case a $acanc" a%ises in the 2atasan# Pa+bansa ei#hteen +onths o% +o%e be&o%e a %e#'la% election( the Co++ission shall call a s!ecial election to be held within si)t" da"s a&te% the $acanc" occ'%s to elect the 1e+be% to se%$e the 'ne)!i%ed te%+. The 2atasan# Pa+bansa th%o'#h a d'l" a!!%o$ed %esol'tion o% an o&&icial co++'nication o& the S!eake% when it is not in session shall ce%ti&" to the Co++ission the e)istence o& said $acanc". Sec. *. Co+!osition o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. - The 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall be co+!osed o& not +o%e than two h'nd%ed 1e+be%s elected &%o+ the di&&e%ent !%o$inces o& the Phili!!ines with thei% co+!onent cities( hi#hl" '%bani8ed cities and dist%icts o& 1et%o!olitan 1anila( those elected o% selected &%o+ $a%io's secto%s as !%o$ided he%ein( and those chosen b" the P%esident &%o+ the +e+be%s o& the Cabinet. Sec. 3. A!!o%tion+ent o& %e!%esentati$es. - ,ntil a new a!!o%tion+ent shall ha$e been +ade( the 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall be a!!o%tioned in acco%dance with the O%dinance a!!ended to the Constit'tion( as &ollowsNational Ca!ital Re#ion- 1anila( <0 C'e8on Cit"( 30 Caloocan( 0 Pasa"( 10 Pasi# and 1a%ikina( 0 Las PiDas and Pa%aDa9'e( 10 1akati( 10 1alabon( Na$otas and Valen8'ela( 0 San B'an and 1andal'"on#( 10 Ta#'i#( Pate%os and 1'ntin#l'!a( 1. Re#ion 1- Ab%a( 10 2en#'et( 10 Ilocos No%te with Laoa# Cit"( 0 Ilocos S'%( 0 La ,nion( 0 1o'ntain P%o$ince( 10 Pan#asinan with the cities o& @a#'!an and San Ca%los( <0 2a#'io Cit"( 1.

Re#ion II- 2atanes( 10 Ca#a"an( *0 I&'#ao( 10 Isabela( *0 Ealin#a-A!a"ao( 10 N'e$a Vi8ca"a( 10 C'i%ino( 1. Re#ion III- 2ataan( 10 2'lacan( 30 N'e$a Eci;a with the cities o& Cabanat'an( Pala"an and San Bose( 30 Pa+!an#a with An#eles Cit"( 30 Ta%lac( 0 Fa+bales( 10 Olon#a!o Cit"( 1. Re#ion IV- A'%o%a( 10 2atan#as with the cities o& 2atan#as and Li!a( 30 Ca$ite with the cities o& Ca$ite( Ta#a"ta" and T%ece 1a%ti%es( *0 La#'na with San Pablo Cit"( 30 1a%ind'9'e( 10 Occidental 1indo%o( 10 O%iental 1indo%o( 0 Palawan with P'e%to P%incesa Cit"( 10 C'e8on with L'cena Cit"( 30 Ri8al( 0 Ro+blon( 1. Re#ion V- Alba" with Le#as!i Cit"( *0 Ca+a%ines No%te( 10 Ca+a%ines S'% with the cities o& I%i#a and Na#a( 30 Catand'anes( 10 1asbate( 0 So%so#on( . Re#ion VI- Aklan( 10 Anti9'e( 10 Ca!i8 with Ro)as Cit"0 Iloilo with Iloilo Cit"( 40 Ne#%os Occidental with the cities o& 2acolod( 2a#o( Cadi8( La Ca%lota( San Ca%los and Sila"( >. Re#ion VII- 2ohol with Ta#bila%an Cit"( *0 Ceb' with the cities o& @anao( La!'-La!'( 1anda'e and Toledo( <0 Ne#%os O%iental with the cities o& 2ais( Canlaon and @'+a#'ete( *0 Si9'i;o%( 10 Ceb' Cit"( . Re#ion VIII- Le"te with the cities o& O%+oc and Tacloban( 40 So'the%n Le"te( 10 Easte%n Sa+a%( 10 No%the%n Sa+a%( 10 Sa+a% with Calba"o# Cit"( . Re#ion IG- 2asilan( 10 S'l'( 10 Tawi-Tawi( 10 Fa+boan#a del No%te with the cities o& @a!itan and @i!olo#( 0 Fa+boan#a del S'% with Pa#adian Cit"( *0 Fa+boan#a Cit"( 1. Re#ion G- A#'san del No%te with 2't'an Cit"( 10 A#'san del S'%( 10 2'kidnon( 0 Ca+i#'in( 10 1isa+is Occidental with the cities o& O%o9'ieta( O8a+is and Tan#'b( 10 1isa+is O%iental with Gin#oo# Cit"( 0 S'%i#ao del No%te with S'%i#ao Cit"( 10 Ca#a"an de O%o Cit"( 1. Re#ion GI- S'%i#ao del S'%( 10 @a$ao del No%te( *0 @a$ao O%iental( 10 @a$ao del S'%( 0 So'th Cotabato with Gene%al Santos Cit"( *0 @a$ao Cit"( . Re#ion GII- Lanao del No%te( 10 Lanao del S'% with 1a%awi Cit"( 0 1a#'indanao with Cotabato Cit"( 0 No%th Cotabato( 0 S'ltan E'da%at( 10 Ili#an Cit"( 1.

An" !%o$ince that +a" he%ea&te% be c%eated o% an" co+!onent cit" that +a" he%ea&te% be decla%ed b" o% !'%s'ant to law as a hi#hl" '%bani8ed cit" shall be entitled in the i++ediatel" &ollowin# election to at least one 1e+be% o% s'ch n'+be% o& 1e+be%s as it +a" be entitled to on the basis o& the n'+be% o& the inhabitants and on the sa+e 'ni&o%+ and !%o#%essi$e %atio 'sed in the last !%ecedin# a!!o%tion+ent. The n'+be% o& 1e+be%s a!!o%tioned to the !%o$ince o't o& which the new !%o$ince was c%eated o% whe%e the new hi#hl" '%bani8ed cit" is #eo#%a!hicall" located shall be co%%es!ondin#l" ad;'sted b" the Co++ission( b't s'ch ad;'st+ent shall not be +ade within one h'nd%ed twent" da"s be&o%e the election. Sec. 4. Votin# b" !%o$ince and its co+!onent cities( b" hi#hl" '%bani8ed cit" o% b" dist%ict in 1et%o!olitan 1anila. - All candidates shall be $oted at la%#e b" the %e#iste%ed $ote%s o& thei% %es!ecti$e constit'encies. The candidates co%%es!ondin# to the n'+be% o& 1e+be% o% 1e+be%s to be elected in a constit'enc" who %ecei$e the hi#hest n'+be% o& $otes shall be decla%ed elected. Sec. <. Secto%al %e!%esentati$es. - The%e shall be th%ee secto%s to be %e!%esented in the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( na+el"- 617 "o'th0 6 7 a#%ic'lt'%al labo%0 6*7 ind'st%ial labo% whose %e!%esentati$es shall be elected in the +anne% he%ein !%o$ided. Each secto% shall be entitled to &o'% %e!%esentati$es( two o& who+ shall co+e &%o+ L'8on( one &%o+ Visa"as( and one &%o+ 1indanao- P%o$ided( That the "o'th secto% shall be entitled to two additional secto%al %e!%esentati$es who shall be elected &%o+ an" !a%t o& the co'nt%". Sec. >. Sco!e o& the secto%s. - The a#%ic'lt'%al labo% secto% co$e%s all !e%sons who !e%sonall" and !h"sicall" till the land as thei% !%inci!al occ'!ation. It incl'des a#%ic'lt'%al tenants and lessees( %'%al wo%ke%s and &a%+ e+!lo"ees( owne%-c'lti$ato%s( settle%s and s+all &ishe%+en. The ind'st%ial labo% secto% incl'des all non-a#%ic'lt'%al wo%ke%s and e+!lo"ees. The "o'th secto% e+b%aces !e%sons not +o%e than twent"-&i$e "ea%s o& a#e. Sec. ?. Selection o& secto%al %e!%esentati$es. - Not late% than twent" da"s a&te% the election o& !%o$incial( cit" o% dist%ict %e!%esentati$es( the +ost %e!%esentati$e and #ene%all" %eco#ni8ed o%#ani8ations o% a##%o'!+ents o& +e+be%s o& the a#%ic'lt'%al labo%( ind'st%ial labo%( and "o'th secto%s( as attested to b" the 1iniste%s o& A#%a%ian Re&o%+ and o& A#%ic'lt'%e and =ood( the 1iniste%s o& Labo% and E+!lo"+ent( and the 1iniste%s o& Local Go$e%n+ent and o& Ed'cation( C'lt'%e and S!o%ts( %es!ecti$el"( shall( in

acco%dance with the !%oced'%es o& said o%#ani8ations o% a##%o'!+ents o& +e+be%s o& the secto%( s'b+it to the P%esident thei% %es!ecti$e no+inees &o% each slot allotted &o% each secto%. The P%esident shall a!!oint &%o+ a+on# the no+inees s'b+itted b" the a&o%e+entioned o%#ani8ations o% a##%o'!+ents the %e!%esentati$es o& each secto%. In %eco#ni8in# the +ost %e!%esentati$e and #ene%all" %eco#ni8ed o%#ani8ations o% a##%o'!+ents( the 1iniste%s o& A#%a%ian Re&o%+ and o& A#%ic'lt'%e and =ood( the 1iniste% o& Labo% and E+!lo"+ent( and the 1iniste%s o& Local Go$e%n+ent and Ed'cation( C'lt'%e and S!o%ts shall conside%6a7 The e)tent o& +e+be%shi! and acti$it" o& the o%#ani8ation o% a##%o'!+ent which sho'ld be national0 6b7 The %es!onsi$eness o& the o%#ani8ation o% a##%o'!+ent to the le#iti+ate as!i%ations o& its secto%0 6c7 The +ilitanc" and consistenc" o& the o%#ani8ation o% a##%o'!+ent in es!o'sin# the ca'se and !%o+otin# the wel&a%e o& the secto% consistent with that o& the whole co'nt%"0 6d7 The obse%$ance b" s'ch o%#ani8ation o% a##%o'!+ent o& the %'le o& law0 and 6e7 Othe% analo#o's &acto%s. The P%esident o& the Phili!!ines shall( in w%itin#( noti&" the Sec%eta%"Gene%al o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa o& the a!!oint+ent +ade b" hi+ o& an" secto%al %e!%esentati$e. E)ce!t as he%ein othe%wise !%o$ided( secto%al %e!%esentati$es shall ha$e the sa+e &'nctions( %es!onsibilities( %i#hts( !%i$ile#es( 9'ali&ications and dis9'ali&ications as the %e!%esentati$es &%o+ the !%o$inces and thei% co+!onent cities( hi#hl" '%bani8ed cities o% dist%icts o& 1et%o!olitan 1anila. ARTICLE IV. ELECTION O= LOCAL O==ICIALS Sec. .. Re#'la% elections o& local o&&icials. - The election o& !%o$incial( cit" and +'nici!al o&&icials whose !ositions a%e !%o$ided &o% b" the Local Go$e%n+ent Code shall be held th%o'#ho't the Phili!!ines in the +anne% he%ein !%esc%ibed on the &i%st 1onda" o& 1a"( Nineteen h'nd%ed and ei#ht"-si) and on the sa+e da" e$e%" si) "ea%s the%ea&te%.

The o&&icials elected shall ass'+e o&&ice on the thi%tieth da" o& B'ne ne)t &ollowin# the election and shall hold o&&ice &o% si) "ea%s and 'ntil thei% s'ccesso%s shall ha$e been elected and 9'ali&ied. All local inc'+bent o&&icials whose ten'%e o& o&&ice shall e)!i%e on 1a%ch *( 1.?< shall hold o&&ice 'ntil B'ne */( 1.?< o% 'ntil thei% s'ccesso%s shall ha$e been elected and 9'ali&ied- P%o$ided( That the" cannot be s's!ended o% %e+o$ed witho't ;'st ca'se. Sec. */. Co+!onent and hi#hl" '%bani8ed cities. - ,nless thei% %es!ecti$e cha%te%s !%o$ide othe%wise( the electo%ate o& co+!onent cities shall be entitled to $ote in the election &o% !%o$incial o&&icials o& the !%o$ince o& which it is a !a%t. The electo%ate o& hi#hl" '%bani8ed cities shall not $ote in the election &o% !%o$incial o&&icials o& the !%o$ince in which it is located- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That no co+!onent cit" shall be decla%ed o% be entitled to a hi#hl" '%bani8ed cit" stat's within ninet" da"s !%io% to an" election. ARTICLE V. ELECTION O= 1E12ERS O= T5E REGIONAL ASSE12LH O= T5E A,TONO1O,S REGIONS. Sec. *1. The San##'nian# Pa+!ook o& the a'tono+o's %e#ions. - Re#ion IG and Re#ion GII in so'the%n Phili!!ines shall each ha$e a San##'nian# Pa+!ook to be co+!osed o& twent"-se$en +e+be%s and shall incl'de se$enteen %e!%esentati$es elected &%o+ the di&&e%ent !%o$inces and cities o& each %e#ion( and a secto%al %e!%esentati$e each &%o+ a+on# the "o'th( a#%ic'lt'%al wo%ke%s( and non-a#%ic'lt'%al wo%ke%s 6ind'st%ial labo%7 o& each %e#ion to be selected in the +anne% he%ein !%o$ided whose 9'ali&ications and dis9'ali&ications a%e the sa+e as 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. The P%esident shall a!!oint an additional se$en %e!%esentati$es in each %e#ion whene$e% in his ;'d#+ent an" othe% secto% is not !%o!e%l" %e!%esented in the San##'nian# Pa+!ook as a %es'lt o& the elections. Sec. * . A!!o%tion+ent o& +e+be%s o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook. - The 1e+be%s o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook o& Re#ion IG and o& Re#ion GII shall be a!!o%tioned as &ollowsRe#ion IG- 2asilan( one 6170 S'l'( th%ee 6*70 Tawi-Tawi( one 6170 Fa+boan#a del No%te incl'din# the cities o& @i!olo# and @a!itan( &o'%( 6370 and Fa+boan#a del S'%( incl'din# the Cit" o& Pa#adian( si) 6<70 and Fa+boan#a Cit"( two 6 70

Re#ion GII- Lanao del No%te( two 6 70 Ili#an Cit"( one 6170 Lanao del S'% incl'din# the Cit" o& 1a%awi( &o'% 6370 1a#'indanao incl'din# the Cit" o& Cotabato( &o'% 6370 No%th Cotabato( &o'% 6370 and S'ltan E'da%at( two 6 7. Sec. **. Election o& +e+be%s o& San##'nian# Pa+!ook. - The candidates &o% the !osition o& se$enteen %e!%esentati$es to the San##'nian# Pa+!ook o& Re#ion IG and o& Re#ion GII shall be $oted at la%#e b" the %e#iste%ed $ote%s o& each !%o$ince incl'din# the cities conce%ned. The candidates co%%es!ondin# to the n'+be% o& +e+be% o% +e+be%s to be elected in a constit'enc" who %ecei$e the hi#hest n'+be% o& $otes shall be decla%ed elected. Sec. *3. Selection o& secto%al %e!%esentati$es. - The P%esident shall( within thi%t" da"s &%o+ the con$enin# o& each San##'nian# Pa+!ook( a!!oint the secto%al %e!%esentati$es on %eco++endation o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook and a&te% d'e cons'ltation with the %e!%esentati$e and #ene%all" %eco#ni8ed o%#ani8ations o% a##%'!ations o& +e+be%s o& the "o'th( a#%ic'lt'%al wo%ke%s and non-a#%ic'lt'%al wo%ke%s as attested b" the 1iniste%s o& Local Go$e%n+ent and o& Ed'cation( C'lt'%e and S!o%ts 6"o'th7( 1iniste%s o& A#%a%ian Re&o%+ and o& A#%ic'lt'%e and =ood 6a#%ic'lt'%al wo%ke%s7( and 1iniste%s o& Labo% and E+!lo"+ent 6nona#%ic'lt'%al o% ind'st%ial labo%7. The P%esident o& the Phili!!ines shall in w%itin# noti&" the S!eake% o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook o& each %e#ion o& the a!!oint+ent +ade b" hi+ o& an" secto%al %e!%esentati$e. The secto%al %e!%esentati$es shall ha$e the sa+e &'nctions( %es!onsibilities( %i#hts( !%i$ile#es( 9'ali&ications and dis9'ali&ications as the electi$e !%o$incial %e!%esentati$es to the San##'nian# Pa+!ookP%o$ided( howe$e%( That no de&eated candidate &o% +e+be% o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook in the i++ediatel" !%ecedin# election shall be a!!ointed as secto%al %e!%esentati$e. Sec. *4. =illin# o& $acanc". - Pendin# an election to &ill a $acanc" a%isin# &%o+ an" ca'se in the San##'nian# Pa+!ook( the $acanc" shall be &illed b" the P%esident( '!on %eco++endation o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ookP%o$ided( That the a!!ointee shall co+e &%o+ the sa+e !%o$ince o% secto% o& the +e+be% bein# %e!laced. Sec. *<. Te%+ o& o&&ice. - The !%esent +e+be%s o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook o& each o& Re#ion IG and Re#ion GII shall contin'e in o&&ice 'ntil B'ne */( 1.?< o% 'ntil thei% s'ccesso%s shall ha$e been elected and 9'ali&ied o% a!!ointed and 9'ali&ied in the case o& secto%al +e+be%s. The"

+a" not be %e+o$ed o% %e!laced e)ce!t in acco%dance with the inte%nal %'les o& said asse+bl" o% !%o$isions o& !e%tinent laws. The election o& +e+be%s o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook o& the two %e#ions shall be held si+'ltaneo'sl" with the local elections o& 1.?<. Those elected in said elections shall ha$e a te%+ o& &o'% "ea%s sta%tin# B'ne */( 1.?<. Those elected in the election o& 1../ to be held si+'ltaneo'sl" with the elections o& 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall ha$e a te%+ o& si) "ea%s. ARTICLE VI. ELECTION O= 2ARANGAH O==ICIALS Sec. *>. Re#'la% election o& ba%an#a" o&&icials. - The election &o% ba%an#a" o&&icials shall be held th%o'#ho't the Phili!!ines in the +anne% !%esc%ibed on the second 1onda" o& 1a" Nineteen h'nd%ed and ei#ht"-ei#ht and on the sa+e da" e$e%" si) "ea%s the%ea&te%. The o&&icials elected shall ass'+e o&&ice on the thi%tieth da" o& B'ne ne)t &ollowin# the election and shall hold o&&ice &o% si) "ea%s and 'ntil thei% s'ccesso%s shall ha$e been elected and 9'ali&ied. Sec. *?. Cond'ct o& elections. - The ba%an#a" election shall be non!a%tisan and shall be cond'cted in an e)!editio's and ine)!ensi$e +anne%. No !e%son who &iles a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" shall %e!%esent o% allow hi+sel& to be %e!%esented as a candidate o& an" !olitical !a%t" o% an" othe% o%#ani8ation0 and no !olitical !a%t"( !olitical #%o'!( !olitical co++ittee( ci$ic( %eli#io's( !%o&essional( o% othe% o%#ani8ation o% o%#ani8ed #%o'! o& whate$e% nat'%e shall inte%$ene in his no+ination o% in the &ilin# o& his ce%ti&icate o& candidac" o% #i$e aid o% s'!!o%t( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( +ate%ial o% othe%wise &a$o%able to o% a#ainst his ca+!ai#n &o% election- P%o$ided( That this !%o$ision shall not a!!l" to the +e+be%s o& the &a+il" o& a candidate within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init" no% to the !e%sonal ca+!ai#n sta&& o& the candidate which shall not be +o%e than one &o% e$e%" one h'nd%ed %e#iste%ed $ote%s in his ba%an#a"- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That witho't !%e;'dice to an" liabilit" that +a" be inc'%%ed( no !e%+it to hold a !'blic +eetin# shall be denied on the #%o'nd that the !%o$isions o& this !a%a#%a!h +a" o% will be $iolated.

Nothin# in this section( howe$e%( shall be const%'ed as in an" +anne% a&&ectin# o% constit'tin# an i+!ai%+ent o& the &%eedo+ o& indi$id'als to s'!!o%t o% o!!ose an" candidate &o% an" ba%an#a" o&&ice. Sec. *.. Ce%ti&icate o& Candidac". - No !e%son shall be elected !'non# ba%an#a" o% ka#awad n# san##'nian# ba%an#a" 'nless he &iles a swo%n ce%ti&icate o& candidac" in t%i!licate on an" da" &%o+ the co++ence+ent o& the election !e%iod b't not late% than the da" be&o%e the be#innin# o& the ca+!ai#n !e%iod in a &o%+ to be !%esc%ibed b" the Co++ission. The candidate shall state the ba%an#a" o&&ice &o% which he is a candidate. The ce%ti&icate o& candidac" shall be &iled with the sec%eta%" o& the san##'nian# ba%an#a" who shall ha$e the +iniste%ial d't" to %ecei$e said ce%ti&icate o& candidac" and to i++ediatel" acknowled#e %ecei!t the%eo&. In case the sec%eta%" %e&'ses to %ecei$e the sa+e( o% in the case o& his absence o% non-a$ailabilit"( a candidate +a" &ile his ce%ti&icate with the election %e#ist%a% o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit" conce%ned. The sec%eta%" o& the san##'nian# ba%an#a" o% the election %e#ist%a%( as the case +a" be( shall !%e!a%e a consolidated list all the candidates and shall !ost said list in the ba%an#a" hall and in othe% cons!ic'o's !laces in the ba%an#a" at least ten da"s be&o%e the election. An" electi$e o% a!!ointi$e +'nici!al( cit"( !%o$incial o% national o&&icial o% e+!lo"ee( o% those in the ci$il o% +ilita%" se%$ice( incl'din# those in #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations( shall be conside%ed a'to+aticall" %esi#ned '!on the &ilin# o& ce%ti&icate o& candidac" &o% a ba%an#a" o&&ice. Sec. 3/. 2oa%d o& Election Telle%s. - 617 The Co++ission shall constit'te not late% than ten da"s be&o%e the election a boa%d o& election telle%s in e$e%" ba%an#a" !ollin# !lace( to be co+!osed o& a !'blic ele+enta%" school teache% as chai%+an( and two +e+be%s who a%e %e#iste%ed $ote%s o& the !ollin# !lace conce%ned( b't who a%e not inc'+bent ba%an#a" o&&icials no% %elated to an" candidate &o% an" !osition in that ba%an#a" within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& a&&init" o% consan#'init". In case no !'blic ele+enta%" school teache%s a%e a$ailable( the Co++ission shall desi#nate an" %e#iste%ed $ote% in the !ollin# !lace who is not an inc'+bent ba%an#a" o&&icial no% %elated to an" candidate &o% an" !osition in that ba%an#a" within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& a&&init" o% consan#'init". 6 7 The boa%d o& election telle%s shall s'!e%$ise and cond'ct the election in thei% %es!ecti$e !ollin# !laces( co'nt the $otes and the%ea&te% !%e!a%e a

%e!o%t in t%i!licate on a &o%+ !%esc%ibed b" the Co++ission. The o%i#inal o& this %e!o%t shall be deli$e%ed i++ediatel" to the ba%an#a" boa%d o& can$asse%s. The second co!" shall be deli$e%ed to the election %e#ist%a% and the thi%d co!" shall be deli$e%ed to the sec%eta%" o& the san##'nian# ba%an#a" who shall kee! the sa+e on &ile. Sec. 31. Re#ist%ation o& $ote%s and list o& $ote%s. - Not late% than se$en da"s be&o%e the election( the boa%d o& election telle%s shall +eet in e$e%" ba%an#a" !ollin# !lace to cond'ct the %e#ist%ation o& ba%an#a" $ote%s and to !%e!a%e the list o& $ote%s. An" $ote% +a" challen#e the 9'ali&ication o& an" !e%son seekin# to %e#iste% and said challen#e shall be hea%d and decided on the sa+e da" b" the boa%d o& election telle%s. The &inal list o& $ote%s shall be !osted in the !ollin# !laces at least two da"s be&o%e election da". The %e#ist%ation o& an" $ote% shall not be t%ans&e%%ed witho't w%itten notice at least two da"s be&o%e the date o& election. Not late% than the da" &ollowin# the ba%an#a" election( the boa%d o& election telle%s shall deli$e% the list o& $ote%s to the election %e#ist%a% &o% c'stod" and sa&ekee!in#. Sec. 3 . Pollin# !laces. - 617 The chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election telle%s shall desi#nate the !'blic school o% an" othe% !'blic b'ildin# within the ba%an#a" to be 'sed as !ollin# !lace in case the ba%an#a" has one election !%ecinct. 6 7 =o% ba%an#a"s with two o% +o%e election !%ecincts the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall desi#nate the !'blic school o% an" othe% !'blic b'ildin# to be 'sed as !ollin# !lace. In case the%e is no !'blic school o% othe% !'blic b'ildin# that can be 'sed as !ollin# !laces( othe% a!!%o!%iate !%i$ate b'ildin#s +a" be desi#natedP%o$ided( That s'ch b'ildin#s a%e not owned o% occ'!ied o% !ossessed b" an" inc'+bent electi$e !'blic o&&icial o% candidate( o% his %elati$e within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init". The !ollin# !lace shall be cent%all" located as !ossible( alwa"s takin# into conside%ation the con$enience and sa&et" o& the $ote%s. Sec. 3*. O&&icial ba%an#a" ballots. - The o&&icial ba%an#a" ballots shall be !%o$ided b" the cit" o% +'nici!alit" conce%ned o& a si8e and colo% to be !%esc%ibed b" the Co++ission. S'ch o&&icial ballots shall( be&o%e the" a%e handed to the $ote% at the !ollin# !lace( be a'thenticated in the !%esence o& the $ote%( b" the a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es o& the candidates and the chai%+an and +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election telle%s who shall a&&i) thei% si#nat'%es at the back the%eo&. An" ballot which is not a'thenticated shall be dee+ed s!'%io's.

Sec. 33. 2allot bo)es. - The Co++ission shall !%o$ide the ballot bo)es &o% each ba%an#a" !ollin# !lace( b't each candidate +a" be !e%+itted to !%o$ide a !adlock &o% said ballot bo). Sec. 34. Post!one+ent o% &ail'%e o& election. - :hen &o% an" se%io's ca'se s'ch as $iolence( te%%o%is+( loss o% dest%'ction o& election !a%a!he%nalia o% %eco%ds( &o%ce +a;e'%e( and othe% analo#o's ca'ses o& s'ch nat'%e that the holdin# o& a &%ee( o%de%l" and honest election sho'ld beco+e i+!ossible in an" ba%an#a"( the Co++ission( '!on a $e%i&ied !etition o& an inte%ested !a%t" and a&te% d'e notice and hea%in# at which the inte%ested !a%ties a%e #i$en e9'al o!!o%t'nit" to be hea%d( shall !ost!one the election the%ein &o% s'ch ti+e as it +a" dee+ necessa%". I&( on acco'nt o& &o%ce +a;e'%e( $iolence( te%%o%is+( &%a'd o% othe% analo#o's ca'ses( the election in an" ba%an#a" has not been held on the date he%ein &i)ed o% has been s's!ended be&o%e the ho'% &i)ed b" law &o% the closin# o& the $otin# the%ein and s'ch &ail'%e o% s's!ension o& election wo'ld a&&ect the %es'lt o& the election( the Co++ission( on the basis o& a $e%i&ied !etition o& an inte%ested !a%t"( and a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( at which the inte%ested !a%ties a%e #i$en e9'al o!!o%t'nit" to be hea%d shall call &o% the holdin# o% contin'ation o& the election within thi%t" da"s a&te% it shall ha$e $e%i&ied and &o'nd that the ca'se o% ca'ses &o% which the election has been !ost!oned o% s's!ended ha$e ceased to e)ist o% '!on !etition o& at least thi%t" !e%cent o& the %e#iste%ed $ote%s in the ba%an#a" conce%ned. :hen the conditions in these a%eas wa%%ant( '!on $e%i&ication b" the Co++ission( o% '!on !etition o& at least thi%t" !e%cent o& the %e#iste%ed $ote%s in the ba%an#a" conce%ned( it shall o%de% the holdin# o& the ba%an#a" election which was !ost!oned o% s's!ended. Sec. 3<. 2a%an#a" boa%d o& can$asse%s. - 617 The Co++ission shall constit'te a boa%d o& can$asse%s at least se$en da"s be&o%e the election in each ba%an#a"( to be co+!osed o& the senio% !'blic ele+enta%" school teache% in the ba%an#a" as chai%+an( and two othe% !'blic ele+enta%" school teache%s( as +e+be%s. In case the n'+be% o& !'blic ele+enta%" school teache%s is inade9'ate( the Co++ission shall desi#nate the chai%+an and +e+be%s o& the ba%an#a" boa%d o& can$asse%s &%o+ a+on# the boa%d o& election telle%s. 6 7 The ba%an#a" boa%d o& can$asse%s shall +eet i++ediatel" in a b'ildin# whe%e a !ollin# !lace is &o'nd and which is +ost cent%all" located in the ba%an#a" and a&te% can$assin# the %es'lts &%o+ the $a%io's !ollin# !laces within the ba%an#a"( !%oclai+ the winne%s. The boa%d o& can$asse%s shall acco+!lish the ce%ti&icate o& !%ocla+ation in t%i!licate

on a &o%+ to be !%esc%ibed b" the Co++ission. The o%i#inal o& the ce%ti&icate shall be sent to the election %e#ist%a% conce%ned( the second co!" shall be deli$e%ed to the sec%eta%" o& the san##'nian# ba"an o% san##'nian# !an#l'nsod( as the case +a" be( and the thi%d co!" shall be ke!t on &ile b" the sec%eta%" o& the san##'nian# ba%an#a". 6*7 In a ba%an#a" whe%e the%e is onl" one !ollin# !lace( the ba%an#a" boa%d o& election telle%s shall also be the ba%an#a" boa%d o& can$asse%s. Sec. 3>. Acti$ities d'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod. - @'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod( the !'non# ba%an#a" i& he is not a candidate( o% an" %esident o& the ba%an#a" desi#nated b" the Co++ission( shall con$ene the ba%an#a" asse+bl" at least once &o% the !'%!ose o& allowin# the candidates to a!!ea% at a ;oint +eetin# d'l" called( '!on !%o!e% and with at least two da"s notice( to e)!lain to the ba%an#a" $ote%s thei% %es!ecti$e !%o#%a+ o& ad+inist%ation( thei% 9'ali&ications( and othe% in&o%+ation that +a" hel! enli#hten $ote%s in castin# thei% $otes. The +e+be%s o& the ba%an#a" asse+bl" +a" take '! and disc'ss othe% +atte%s %elati$e to the election o& ba%an#a" o&&icials. Sec. 3?. :atche%s. - Candidates +a" a!!oint two watche%s each( to se%$e alte%natel"( in e$e%" !ollin# !lace within the ba%an#a"( who shall be &'%nished with a si#ned co!" o& the %es'lts o& the election( in s'ch &o%+ as the Co++ission +a" !%esc%ibe( i++ediatel" a&te% the co+!letion o& the can$ass. Sec. 3.. Incl'sion and e)cl'sion cases. - Incl'sion and e)cl'sion cases which shall be decided not late% than se$en be&o%e the date o& the election shall be within the e)cl'si$e o%i#inal ;'%isdiction o& the +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t. The notice o& s'ch decision shall be se%$ed to all !a%ties within twent"-&o'% ho'%s &ollowin# its !%o+'l#ation and an" !a%t" ad$e%sel" a&&ected +a" a!!eal the%e&%o+ within twent"-&o'% ho'%s to the %e#ional t%ial co'%t which shall &inall" decide the sa+e not late% than two da"s be&o%e the date o& the election. Sec. 4/. ='ndin#. - Local #o$e%n+ents shall a!!%o!%iate s'ch &'nds to de&%a" s'ch necessa%" and %easonable e)!enses o& the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election telle%s( boa%d o& can$asse%s and the !%intin# o& election &o%+s and !%oc'%e+ent o& othe% election !a%a!he%nalia( and the installation o& !ollin# booths. Sec. 41. Penalties. - Violations o& an" !%o$isions o& this A%ticle shall constit'te !%ohibited acts and shall be !%osec'ted and !enali8ed in acco%dance with the !%o$isions o& this Code.

ARTICLE VII. T5E CO11ISSION ON ELECTIONS Sec. 4 . Powe%s and &'nctions o& the Co++ission on Elections. - In addition to the !owe%s and &'nctions con&e%%ed '!on it b" the Constit'tion( the Co++ission shall ha$e e)cl'si$e cha%#e o& the en&o%ce+ent and ad+inist%ation o& all laws %elati$e to the cond'ct o& elections &o% the !'%!ose o& ens'%in# &%ee( o%de%l" and honest elections( and shall6a7 E)e%cise di%ect and i++ediate s'!e%$ision and cont%ol o$e% national and local o&&icials o% e+!lo"ees( incl'din# +e+be%s o& an" national o% local law en&o%ce+ent a#enc" and inst%'+entalit" o& the #o$e%n+ent %e9'i%ed b" law to !e%&o%+ d'ties %elati$e to the cond'ct o& elections. In addition( it +a" a'tho%i8e C1T cadets ei#hteen "ea%s o& a#e and abo$e to act as its de!'ties &o% the !'%!ose o& en&o%cin# its o%de%s. The Co++ission +a" %elie$e an" o&&ice% o% e+!lo"ee %e&e%%ed to in the !%ecedin# !a%a#%a!h &%o+ the !e%&o%+ance o& his d'ties %elatin# to electo%al !%ocesses who $iolates the election law o% &ails to co+!l" with its inst%'ctions( o%de%s( decisions o% %'lin#s( and a!!oint his s'bstit'te. ,!on %eco++endation o& the Co++ission( the co%%es!ondin# !%o!e% a'tho%it" shall s's!end o% %e+o$e &%o+ o&&ice an" o% all o& s'ch o&&ice%s o% e+!lo"ees who +a"( a&te% d'e !%ocess( be &o'nd #'ilt" o& s'ch $iolation o% &ail'%e. 6b7 @'%in# the !e%iod o& the ca+!ai#n and endin# thi%t" da"s the%ea&te%( when in an" a%ea o& the co'nt%" the%e a%e !e%sons co++ittin# acts o& te%%o%is+ to in&l'ence !eo!le to $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate o% !olitical !a%t"( the Co++ission shall ha$e the !owe% to a'tho%i8e an" +e+be% o% +e+be%s o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( the National 2'%ea' o& In$esti#ation( the Inte#%ated National Police o% an" si+ila% a#enc" o% inst%'+entalit" o& the #o$e%n+ent( e)ce!t ci$ilian ho+e de&ense &o%ces( to act as de!'ties &o% the !'%!ose o& ens'%in# the holdin# o& &%ee( o%de%l" and honest elections. 6c7 P%o+'l#ate %'les and %e#'lations i+!le+entin# the !%o$isions o& this Code o% othe% laws which the Co++ission is %e9'i%ed to en&o%ce and ad+iniste%( and %e9'i%e the !a"+ent o& le#al &ees and collect the sa+e in !a"+ent o& an" b'siness done in the Co++ission( at %ates that it +a" !%o$ide and &i) in its %'les and %e#'lations. R'les and %e#'lations !%o+'l#ated b" the Co++ission to i+!le+ent the !%o$isions o& this Code shall take e&&ect on the si)teenth da" a&te% !'blication in the O&&icial Ga8ette o% in at least dail" news!a!e%s o& #ene%al ci%c'lation. O%de%s and di%ecti$es iss'ed b" the Co++ission

!'%s'ant to said %'les and %e#'lations shall be &'%nished b" !e%sonal deli$e%" to acc%edited !olitical !a%ties within &o%t"-ei#ht ho'%s o& iss'ance and shall take e&&ect i++ediatel" '!on %ecei!t. In case o& con&lict between %'les( %e#'lations( o%de%s o% di%ecti$es o& the Co++ission in the e)e%cise o& its constit'tional !owe%s and those iss'ed b" an" othe% ad+inist%ati$e o&&ice o% a#enc" o& the #o$e%n+ent conce%nin# the sa+e +atte% %elati$e to elections( the &o%+e% shall !%e$ail. 6d7 S'++on the !a%ties to a cont%o$e%s" !endin# be&o%e it( iss'e s'b!oena and s'b!oena d'ces tec'+( and take testi+on" in an" in$esti#ation o% hea%in# be&o%e it( and dele#ate s'ch !owe% to an" o&&ice% o& the Co++ission who shall be a +e+be% o& the Phili!!ine 2a%. In case o& &ail'%e o& a witness to attend( the Co++ission( '!on !%oo& o& se%$ice o& the s'b!oena to said witnesses( +a" iss'e a wa%%ant to a%%est witness and b%in# hi+ be&o%e the Co++ission o% the o&&ice% be&o%e who+ his attendance is %e9'i%ed. An" cont%o$e%s" s'b+itted to the Co++ission shall( a&te% co+!liance with the %e9'i%e+ents o& d'e !%ocess( be i++ediatel" hea%d and decided b" it within si)t" da"s &%o+ s'b+ission the%eo&. No decision o% %esol'tion shall be %ende%ed b" the Co++ission eithe% en banc o% b" di$ision 'nless taken '! in a &o%+al session !%o!e%l" con$ened &o% the !'%!ose. The Co++ission +a"( when necessa%"( a$ail o& the assistance o& an" national o% local law en&o%ce+ent a#enc" andIo% inst%'+entalit" o& the #o$e%n+ent to e)ec'te 'nde% its di%ect and i++ediate s'!e%$ision an" o& its &inal decisions( o%de%s( inst%'ctions o% %'lin#s. 6e7 P'nish conte+!ts !%o$ided &o% in the R'les o& Co'%t in the sa+e !%oced'%e and with the sa+e !enalties !%o$ided the%ein. An" $iolation o& an" &inal and e)ec'to%" decision( o%de% o% %'lin# o& the Co++ission shall constit'te conte+!t the%eo&. 6&7 En&o%ce and e)ec'te its decisions( di%ecti$es( o%de%s and inst%'ctions which shall ha$e !%ecedence o$e% those e+anatin# &%o+ an" othe% a'tho%it"( e)ce!t the S'!%e+e Co'%t and those iss'ed in habeas co%!'s !%oceedin#s. 6#7 P%esc%ibe the &o%+s to be 'sed in the election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+. 6h7 P%oc'%e an" s'!!lies( e9'i!+ent( +ate%ials o% se%$ices needed &o% the holdin# o& the election b" !'blic biddin#- P%o$ided( That( i& it &inds the %e9'i%e+ents o& !'blic biddin# i+!%actical to obse%$e( then b"

ne#otiations o% sealed bids( and in both cases( the acc%edited !a%ties shall be d'l" noti&ied. 6i7 P%esc%ibe the 'se o% ado!tion o& the latest technolo#ical and elect%onic de$ices( takin# into acco'nt the sit'ation !%e$ailin# in the a%ea and the &'nds a$ailable &o% the !'%!ose- P%o$ided( That the Co++ission shall noti&" the a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es o& acc%edited !olitical !a%ties and candidates in a%eas a&&ected b" the 'se o% ado!tion o& technolo#ical and elect%onic de$ices not less than thi%t" da"s !%io% to the e&&ecti$it" o& the 'se o& s'ch de$ices. 6;7 Ca%%" o't a contin'in# and s"ste+atic ca+!ai#n th%o'#h news!a!e%s o& #ene%al ci%c'lation( %adios and othe% +edia &o%+s to ed'cate the !'blic and &'ll" in&o%+ the electo%ate abo't election laws( !%oced'%es( decisions( and othe% +atte%s %elati$e to the wo%k and d'ties o& the Co++ission and the necessit" o& clean( &%ee( o%de%l" and honest electo%al !%ocesses. 6k7 Enlist non-!a%tisan #%o'! o% o%#ani8ations o& citi8ens &%o+ the ci$ic( "o'th( !%o&essional( ed'cational( b'siness o% labo% secto%s known &o% thei% !%obit"( i+!a%tialit" and inte#%it" with the +e+be%shi! and ca!abilit" to 'nde%take a coo%dinated o!e%ation and acti$it" to assist it in the i+!le+entation o& the !%o$isions o& this Code and the %esol'tions( o%de%s and inst%'ctions o& the Co++ission &o% the !'%!ose o& ens'%in# &%ee( o%de%l" and honest elections in an" constit'enc". S'ch #%o'!s o% o%#ani8ations shall &'nction 'nde% the di%ect and i++ediate cont%ol and s'!e%$ision o& the Co++ission and shall !e%&o%+ the &ollowin# s!eci&ic &'nctions and d'tiesA. 2e&o%e Election @a"1. ,nde%take an in&o%+ation ca+!ai#n on salient &eat'%es o& this Code and hel! in the disse+ination o& the o%de%s( decisions and %esol'tions o& the Co++ission %elati$e to the &o%thco+in# election. . :a#e a %e#ist%ation d%i$e in thei% %es!ecti$e a%eas so that all citi8ens o& $otin# a#e( not othe%wise dis9'ali&ied b" law +a" be %e#iste%ed. *. 5el! cleanse the list o& $ote%s o& ille#al %e#ist%ants( cond'ct ho'se-to-ho'se can$ass i& necessa%"( and take the a!!%o!%iate le#al ste!s towa%ds this end. 3. Re!o%t to the Co++ission $iolations o& the !%o$isions o& this Code on the cond'ct o& the !olitical ca+!ai#n( election !%o!a#anda and electo%al e)!endit'%es.

2. On Election @a"1. E)ho%t all %e#iste%ed $ote%s in thei% %es!ecti$e a%eas to #o to thei% !ollin# !laces and cast thei% $otes. . No+inate one watche% &o% acc%editation in each !ollin# !lace and each !lace o& can$ass who shall ha$e the sa+e d'ties( &'nctions and %i#hts as the othe% watche%s o& !olitical !a%ties and candidates. 1e+be%s o% 'nits o& an" citi8en #%o'! o% o%#ani8ation so desi#nated b" the Co++ission e)ce!t its lone d'l" acc%edited watche%( shall not be allowed to ente% an" !ollin# !lace e)ce!t to $ote( and shall( i& the" so desi%e( sta" in an a%ea at least &i&t" +ete%s awa" &%o+ the !ollin# !lace. *. Re!o%t to the !eace a'tho%ities and othe% a!!%o!%iate a#encies all instances o& te%%o%is+( inti+idation o& $ote%s( and othe% si+ila% atte+!ts to &%'st%ate the &%ee and o%de%l" castin# o& $otes. 3. Pe%&o%+ s'ch othe% &'nctions as +a" be ent%'sted to s'ch #%o'! o% o%#ani8ation b" the Co++ission. The desi#nation o& an" #%o'! o% o%#ani8ation +ade in acco%dance he%ewith +a" be %e$oked b" the Co++ission '!on notice and hea%in# whene$e% b" its act'ations s'ch #%o'! o% o%#ani8ation has shown !a%tialit" to an" !olitical !a%t" o% candidate( o% has !e%&o%+ed acts in e)cess o% in cont%a$ention o& the &'nctions and d'ties he%ein !%o$ided and s'ch othe%s which +a" be #%anted b" the Co++ission. 6l7 Cond'ct hea%in#s on cont%o$e%sies !endin# be&o%e it in the cities o% !%o$inces '!on !%o!e% +otion o& an" !a%t"( takin# into conside%ation the +ate%ialit" and n'+be% o& witnesses to be !%esented( the sit'ation !%e$ailin# in the a%ea and the &'nd a$ailable &o% the !'%!ose. 6+7 =i) othe% %easonable !e%iods &o% ce%tain !%e-election %e9'i%e+ents in o%de% that $ote%s shall not be de!%i$ed o& thei% %i#ht o& s'&&%a#e and ce%tain #%o'!s o& %i#hts #%anted the+ in this Code. ,nless indicated in this Code( the Co++ission is he%eb" a'tho%i8ed &o% &i) the a!!%o!%iate !e%iod &o% the $a%io's !%ohibited acts en'+e%ated he%ein( consistent with the %e9'i%e+ents o& &%ee( o%de%l"( and honest elections. Sec. 4*. =ield o&&ices o& the Co++ission. - The Co++ission shall ha$e the &ollowin# &ield o&&ices617 Re#ional Election O&&ice( headed b" the Re#ional Election @i%ecto% and assisted b" the Assistant Re#ional @i%ecto% and s'ch

othe% s'bo%dinate o&&ice%s o% e+!lo"ees as the Co++ission +a" a!!oint. 6 7 P%o$incial Election O&&ice( headed b" the P%o$incial Election S'!e%$iso% and assisted b" s'ch othe% s'bo%dinate o&&ice%s o% e+!lo"ees as the Co++ission +a" a!!oint. 6*7 Cit"I1'nici!al Election O&&ice( headed b" the Cit"I1'nici!al Re#ist%a% who shall be assisted b" an election cle%k and s'ch othe% e+!lo"ees as the Co++ission +a" a!!oint. The Co++ission +a" dele#ate its !owe%s and &'nctions o% o%de% the i+!le+entation o% en&o%ce+ent o& its o%de%s( %'lin#s( o% decisions th%o'#h the heads o& its &ield o&&ices. Sec. 43. C'ali&ications. - Onl" +e+be%s o& the Phili!!ines 2a% shall be eli#ible &o% a!!oint+ent to the !osition o& %e#ional di%ecto%( assistant %e#ional di%ecto%( !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and election %e#ist%a%P%o$ided( howe$e%( That i& the%e a%e no +e+be%s o& the Phili!!ine 2a% a$ailable &o% a!!oint+ent as election %e#ist%a%( e)ce!t in cities and ca!ital towns( #%ad'ates o& d'l" %eco#ni8ed schools o& law( libe%al a%ts( ed'cation o% b'siness ad+inist%ation who !ossess the a!!%o!%iate ci$il se%$ice eli#ibilit" +a" be a!!ointed to said !osition. Sec. 44. O&&ice s!ace. - The local #o$e%n+ent conce%ned shall !%o$ide a s'itable !lace &o% the o&&ice o& the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and his sta&& and the election %e#ist%a% and his sta&&- P%o$ided( That in case o& &ail'%e o& the local #o$e%n+ent conce%ned to !%o$ide s'ch s'itable !lace( the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% o% the election %e#ist%a%( as the case +a" be( '!on !%io% a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission and notice to the local #o$e%n+ent conce%ned( +a" lease anothe% !lace &o% o&&ice and the %entals the%eo& shall be cha%#eable to the &'nds o& the local #o$e%n+ent conce%ned. Sec. 4<. Chan#es in the co+!osition( dist%ib'tion o% assi#n+ent o& &ield o&&ices. - The Co++ission +a" +ake chan#es in the co+!osition( dist%ib'tion and assi#n+ent o& &ield o&&ices( as well as its !e%sonnel( whene$e% the e)i#encies o& the se%$ice and the inte%est o& &%ee( o%de%l"( and honest election so %e9'i%e- P%o$ided( That s'ch chan#es shall be e&&ecti$e and en&o%ceable onl" &o% the d'%ation o& the election !e%iod conce%ned and shall not a&&ect the ten'%e o& o&&ice o& the inc'+bents o& !ositions a&&ected and shall not constit'te a de+otion( eithe% in %ank o% sala%"( no% %es'lt in chan#e o& stat's- and P%o$ided( &'%the%( That the%e shall be no chan#es in the co+!osition( dist%ib'tion o% assi#n+ent within thi%t" da"s be&o%e election( e)ce!t &o% ca'se and a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( and that in no case shall a %e#ional o% assistant %e#ional di%ecto%

be assi#ned to a %e#ion0 a !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% to a !%o$ince0 o% a cit" o% +'nici!al election %e#ist%a% to a cit" o% +'nici!alit"( whe%e he andIo% his s!o'se a%e %elated to an" candidate within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init" as the case +a" be. Sec. 4>. 1eas'%es to ens'%e en&o%ce+ent. - =o% the e&&ecti$e en&o%ce+ent o& the !%o$isions o& this Code( the Co++ission is &'%the% $ested and cha%#ed with the &ollowin# !owe%s( d'ties and %es!onsibilities1. To iss'e sea%ch wa%%ants a&te% e)a+ination 'nde% oath o% a&&i%+ation o& the co+!lainant and the witnesses . To sto! an" ille#al election acti$it"( o% con&iscate( tea% down( and sto! an" 'nlaw&'l( libelo's( +isleadin# o% &alse election !%o!a#anda( a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#. *. To in9'i%e into the &inancial %eco%ds o& candidates and an" o%#ani8ation o% #%o'! o& !e%sons( +ot' !%o!%io o% '!on w%itten %e!%esentation &o% !%obable ca'se b" an" candidate o% #%o'! o& !e%sons o% 9'ali&ied $ote%( a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#. =o% !'%!oses o& this section( the Co++ission +a" a$ail itsel& o& the assistance o& the Co++ission on A'dit( the Cent%al 2ank( the National 2'%ea' o& In$esti#ation( the 2'%ea' o& Inte%nal Re$en'e( the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( the Inte#%ated National Police o& the Phili!!ines( ba%an#a" o&&icials( and othe% a#encies o& the #o$e%n+ent. Sec. 4?. @is9'ali&ications o& +e+be%s o& the Co++ission. - The chai%+an and +e+be%s o& the Co++ission shall be s'b;ect to the canons o& ;'dicial ethics in the discha%#e o& thei% &'nctions. No chai%+an o% co++issione% shall sit in an" case in which he has +ani&ested bias o% !%e;'dice &o% o% a#ainst o% anta#onis+ a#ainst an" !a%t" the%eto and in connection the%ewith( o% in an" case in which he wo'ld be dis9'ali&ied 'nde% the R'les o& Co'%t. I& it be clai+ed that the chai%+an o% a co++issione% is dis9'ali&ied as abo$e !%o$ided( the !a%t" ob;ectin# to his co+!etenc" +a" &ile his ob;ection in w%itin# with the Co++ission statin# the #%o'nd the%e&o%. The o&&icial conce%ned shall contin'e to !a%tici!ate in the hea%in# o% withd%awn the%e&%o+ in acco%dance with his dete%+ination o& the 9'estion o& his dis9'ali&ication. The decision shall &o%thwith be +ade in w%itin# and &iled with the othe% !a!e%s o& the case in acco%dance with the R'les o& Co'%t. I& a dis9'ali&ication sho'ld %es'lt in a lack o& 9'o%'+ in the Co++ission sittin# en banc( the P%esidin# B'stice o& the Inte%+ediate A!!ellate Co'%t shall desi#nate a ;'stice o& said co'%t to sit in said case &o% the !'%!ose o& hea%in# and %eachin# a decision the%eon.

Sec. 4.. P'blication o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns and !%intin# the%eo&. - The Co++ission shall !'blish at least ten da"s be&o%e an election in a news!a!e% o& #ene%al ci%c'lation ce%ti&ied data on the n'+be% o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns and the na+es and add%esses o& the !%inte%s and the n'+be% !%inted b" each. ARTICLE VIII. POLITICAL PARTIES Sec. </. Political !a%t". - JPolitical !a%t"J o% J!a%t"J( when 'sed in this Act( +eans an o%#ani8ed #%o'! o& !e%sons !'%s'in# the sa+e ideolo#"( !olitical ideas o% !lat&o%+s o& #o$e%n+ent and incl'des its b%anches and di$isions. To ac9'i%e ;'%idical !e%sonalit"( 9'alit" it &o% s'bse9'ent acc%editation( and to entitle it to the %i#hts and !%i$ile#es he%ein #%anted to !olitical !a%ties( a !olitical !a%t" shall &i%st be d'l" %e#iste%ed with the Co++ission. An" %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%t" that( sin#l" o% in coalition with othe%s( &ails to obtain at least ten !e%cent o& the $otes cast in the constit'enc" in which it no+inated and s'!!o%ted a candidate o% candidates in the election ne)t &ollowin# its %e#ist%ation shall( a&te% notice and hea%in# be dee+ed to ha$e &o%&eited s'ch stat's as a %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%t" in s'ch constit'enc". Sec. <1. Re#ist%ation. - An" o%#ani8ed #%o'! o& !e%sons seekin# %e#ist%ation as a national o% %e#ional !olitical !a%t" +a" &ile with the Co++ission a $e%i&ied !etition attachin# the%eto its constit'tion and b"laws( !lat&o%+ o% !%o#%a+ o& #o$e%n+ent and s'ch othe% %ele$ant in&o%+ation as +a" be %e9'i%ed b" the Co++ission. The Co++ission shall( a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( %esol$e the !etition within ten da"s &%o+ the date it is s'b+itted &o% decision. No %eli#io's sect shall be %e#iste%ed as a !olitical !a%t" and no !olitical !a%t" which seeks to achie$e its #oal th%o'#h $iolence shall be entitled to acc%editation. Sec. < . P'blication o& !etition &o% %e#ist%ation o% acc%editation. - The Co++ission shall %e9'i%e !'blication o& the !etition &o% %e#ist%ation o% acc%editation in at least th%ee news!a!e%s o& #ene%al ci%c'lation and shall( a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( %esol$e the !etition within &i&teen da"s &%o+ the date it is s'b+itted &o% decision. ARTICLE IG. ELIGI2ILITH O= CAN@I@ATES AN@ CERTI=ICATE O= CAN@I@ACH Sec. <*. C'ali&ications &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident o& the Phili!!ines.

- No !e%son +a" be elected P%esident 'nless he is a nat'%al-bo%n citi8en o& the Phili!!ines( a %e#iste%ed $ote%( able to %ead and w%ite( at least &o%t" "ea%s o& a#e on the da" o& election( and a %esident o& the Phili!!ines &o% at least ten "ea%s i++ediatel" !%ecedin# s'ch election. Sec. <3. C'ali&ications &o% 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. - No !e%son shall be elected 1e+be% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa as !%o$incial( cit" o% dist%ict %e!%esentati$e 'nless he is a nat'%al-bo%n citi8en o& the Phili!!ines and( on the da" o& the election( is at least twent"-&i$e "ea%s o& a#e( able to %ead and w%ite( a %e#iste%ed $ote% in the constit'enc" in which he shall be elected( and a %esident the%eo& &o% a !e%iod o& not less than si) +onths i++ediatel" !%ecedin# the da" o& the election. A secto%al %e!%esentati$e shall be a nat'%al-bo%n citi8en o& the Phili!!ines( able to %ead and w%ite( a %esident o& the Phili!!ines( able to %ead and w%ite( a %esident o& the Phili!!ines &o% a !e%iod o& not less than one "ea% i++ediatel" !%ecedin# the da" o& the election( a bona &ide +e+be% o& the secto% he seeks to %e!%esent( and in the case o& a %e!%esentati$e o& the a#%ic'lt'%al o% ind'st%ial labo% secto%( shall be a %e#iste%ed $ote%( and on the da" o& the election is at least twent"-&i$e "ea%s o& a#e. The "o'th secto%al %e!%esentati$e sho'ld at least be ei#hteen and not be +o%e than twent"-&i$e "ea%s o& a#e on the da" o& the election- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That an" "o'th secto%al %e!%esentati$e who attains the a#e o& twent"-&i$e "ea%s d'%in# his te%+ shall be entitled to contin'e in o&&ice 'ntil the e)!i%ation o& his te%+. Sec. <4. C'ali&ications o& electi$e local o&&icials. - The 9'ali&ications &o% electi$e !%o$incial( cit"( +'nici!al and ba%an#a" o&&icials shall be those !%o$ided &o% in the Local Go$e%n+ent Code. Sec. <<. Candidates holdin# a!!ointi$e o&&ice o% !ositions. - An" !e%son holdin# a !'blic a!!ointi$e o&&ice o% !osition( incl'din# acti$e +e+be%s o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( and o&&ice%s and e+!lo"ees in #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations( shall be conside%ed i!so &acto %esi#ned &%o+ his o&&ice '!on the &ilin# o& his ce%ti&icate o& candidac". Sec. <>. Candidates holdin# electi$e o&&ice. - An" electi$e o&&icial( whethe% national o% local( %'nnin# &o% an" o&&ice othe% than the one which he is holdin# in a !e%+anent ca!acit"( e)ce!t &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident( shall be conside%ed i!so &acto %esi#ned &%o+ his o&&ice '!on the &ilin# o& his ce%ti&icate o& candidac". Sec. <?. @is9'ali&ications. - An" candidate who( in an action o% !%otest in which he is a !a%t" is decla%ed b" &inal decision o& a co+!etent co'%t #'ilt" o&( o% &o'nd b" the Co++ission o& ha$in# 6a7 #i$en +one" o% othe%

+ate%ial conside%ation to in&l'ence( ind'ce o% co%%'!t the $ote%s o% !'blic o&&icials !e%&o%+in# electo%al &'nctions0 6b7 co++itted acts o& te%%o%is+ to enhance his candidac"0 6c7 s!ent in his election ca+!ai#n an a+o'nt in e)cess o& that allowed b" this Code0 6d7 solicited( %ecei$ed o% +ade an" cont%ib'tion !%ohibited 'nde% Sections ?.( .4( .<( .> and 1/30 o% 6e7 $iolated an" o& Sections ?/( ?*( ?4( ?< and <1( !a%a#%a!hs d( e( k( $( and cc( s'b!a%a#%a!h <( shall be dis9'ali&ied &%o+ contin'in# as a candidate( o% i& he has been elected( &%o+ holdin# the o&&ice. An" !e%son who is a !e%+anent %esident o& o% an i++i#%ant to a &o%ei#n co'nt%" shall not be 9'ali&ied to %'n &o% an" electi$e o&&ice 'nde% this Code( 'nless said !e%son has wai$ed his stat's as !e%+anent %esident o% i++i#%ant o& a &o%ei#n co'nt%" in acco%dance with the %esidence %e9'i%e+ent !%o$ided &o% in the election laws. Sec. <.. N'isance candidates. - The Co++ission +a" +ot' !%o!%io o% '!on a $e%i&ied !etition o& an inte%ested !a%t"( %e&'se to #i$e d'e co'%se to o% cancel a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" i& it is shown that said ce%ti&icate has been &iled to !'t the election !%ocess in +ocke%" o% dis%e!'te o% to ca'se con&'sion a+on# the $ote%s b" the si+ila%it" o& the na+es o& the %e#iste%ed candidates o% b" othe% ci%c'+stances o% acts which clea%l" de+onst%ate that the candidate has no bona &ide intention to %'n &o% the o&&ice &o% which the ce%ti&icate o& candidac" has been &iled and th's !%e$ent a &aith&'l dete%+ination o& the t%'e will o& the electo%ate. Sec. >/. G'est candidac". - A !olitical !a%t" +a" no+inate andIo% s'!!o%t candidates not belon#in# to it. Sec. > . E&&ects o& dis9'ali&ication cases and !%io%it". - The Co++ission and the co'%ts shall #i$e !%io%it" to cases o& dis9'ali&ication b" %eason o& $iolation o& this Act to the end that a &inal decision shall be %ende%ed not late% than se$en da"s be&o%e the election in which the dis9'ali&ication is so'#ht. An" candidate who has been decla%ed b" &inal ;'d#+ent to be dis9'ali&ied shall not be $oted &o%( and the $otes cast &o% hi+ shall not be co'nted. Ne$e%theless( i& &o% an" %eason( a candidate is not decla%ed b" &inal ;'d#+ent be&o%e an election to be dis9'ali&ied and he is $oted &o% and %ecei$es the winnin# n'+be% o& $otes in s'ch election( his $iolation o& the !%o$isions o& the !%ecedin# sections shall not !%e$ent his !%ocla+ation and ass'+!tion to o&&ice. Sec. >*. Ce%ti&icate o& candidac". - No !e%son shall be eli#ible &o% an" electi$e !'blic o&&ice 'nless he &iles a swo%n ce%ti&icate o& candidac" within the !e%iod &i)ed he%ein.

A !e%son who has &iled a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" +a"( !%io% to the election( withd%aw the sa+e b" s'b+ittin# to the o&&ice conce%ned a w%itten decla%ation 'nde% oath. No !e%son shall be eli#ible &o% +o%e than one o&&ice to be &illed in the sa+e election( and i& he &iles his ce%ti&icate o& candidac" &o% +o%e than one o&&ice( he shall not be eli#ible &o% an" o& the+. 5owe$e%( be&o%e the e)!i%ation o& the !e%iod &o% the &ilin# o& ce%ti&icates o& candidac"( the !e%son who was &iled +o%e than one ce%ti&icate o& candidac" +a" decla%e 'nde% oath the o&&ice &o% which he desi%es to be eli#ible and cancel the ce%ti&icate o& candidac" &o% the othe% o&&ice o% o&&ices. The &ilin# o% withd%awal o& a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" shall not a&&ect whate$e% ci$il( c%i+inal o% ad+inist%ati$e liabilities which a candidate +a" ha$e inc'%%ed. Sec. >3. Contents o& ce%ti&icate o& candidac". - The ce%ti&icate o& candidac" shall state that the !e%son &ilin# it is anno'ncin# his candidac" &o% the o&&ice stated the%ein and that he is eli#ible &o% said o&&ice0 i& &o% 1e+be% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( the !%o$ince( incl'din# its co+!onent cities( hi#hl" '%bani8ed cit" o% dist%ict o% secto% which he seeks to %e!%esent0 the !olitical !a%t" to which he belon#s0 ci$il stat's0 his date o& bi%th0 %esidence0 his !ost o&&ice add%ess &o% all election !'%!oses0 his !%o&ession o% occ'!ation0 that he will s'!!o%t and de&end the Constit'tion o& the Phili!!ines and will +aintain t%'e &aith and alle#iance the%eto0 that he will obe" the laws( le#al o%de%s( and dec%ees !%o+'l#ated b" the d'l" constit'ted a'tho%ities0 that he is not a !e%+anent %esident o% i++i#%ant to a &o%ei#n co'nt%"0 that the obli#ation i+!osed b" his oath is ass'+ed $ol'nta%il"( witho't +ental %ese%$ation o% !'%!ose o& e$asion0 and that the &acts stated in the ce%ti&icate o& candidac" a%e t%'e to the best o& his knowled#e. ,nless a candidate has o&&iciall" chan#ed his na+e th%o'#h a co'%t a!!%o$ed !%oceedin#( a ce%ti&icate shall 'se in a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" the na+e b" which he has been ba!ti8ed( o% i& has not been ba!ti8ed in an" ch'%ch o% %eli#ion( the na+e %e#iste%ed in the o&&ice o& the local ci$il %e#ist%a% o% an" othe% na+e allowed 'nde% the !%o$isions o& e)istin# law o%( in the case o& a 1'sli+( his 5ad;i na+e a&te% !e%&o%+in# the !%esc%ibed %eli#io's !il#%i+a#e- P%o$ided( That when the%e a%e two o% +o%e candidates &o% an o&&ice with the sa+e na+e and s'%na+e( each candidate( '!on bein# +ade awa%e o% s'ch &act( shall state his !ate%nal and +ate%nal s'%na+e( e)ce!t the inc'+bent who +a" contin'e to 'se the na+e and s'%na+e stated in his ce%ti&icate o& candidac" when he was elected. 5e +a" also incl'de one nickna+e o% sta#e na+e b" which he is #ene%all" o% !o!'la%l" known in the localit".

The !e%son &ilin# a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" shall also a&&i) his latest !hoto#%a!h( !ass!o%t si8e0 a state+ent in d'!licate containin# his biodata and !%o#%a+ o& #o$e%n+ent not e)ceedin# one h'nd%ed wo%ds( i& he so desi%es. Sec. >4. =ilin# and dist%ib'tion o& ce%ti&icate o& candidac". - The ce%ti&icate o& candidac" shall be &iled on an" da" &%o+ the co++ence+ent o& the election !e%iod b't not late% than the da" be&o%e the be#innin# o& the ca+!ai#n !e%iod- P%o$ided( That in cases o& !ost!one+ent o% &ail'%e o& election 'nde% Sections 4 and < he%eo&( no additional ce%ti&icate o& candidac" shall be acce!ted e)ce!t in cases o& s'bstit'tion o& candidates as !%o$ided 'nde% Section >> he%eo&. The ce%ti&icates o& candidac" &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident o& the Phili!!ines shall be &iled in ten le#ible co!ies with the Co++ission which shall o%de% the !%intin# o& co!ies the%eo& &o% dist%ib'tion to all !ollin# !laces. The ce%ti&icates o& candidac" &o% the othe% o&&ices shall be &iled in d'!licate with the o&&ices he%ein below +entioned( to#ethe% with a n'+be% o& clea%l" le#ible co!ies e9'al to twice the n'+be% o& !ollin# !laces in the !%o$ince( cit"( dist%ict( +'nici!alit" o% ba%an#a"( as the case +a" be6a7 =o% %e!%esentati$e in the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( with the Co++ission( the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%( cit" election %e#ist%a% in case o& hi#hl" '%bani8ed cities( o% an o&&ice% desi#nated b" the Co++ission ha$in# ;'%isdiction o$e% the !%o$ince( cit" o% %e!%esentati$e dist%ict who shall send co!ies the%eo& to all !ollin# !laces in the !%o$ince( cit" o% dist%ict0 6b7 =o% !%o$incial o&&ices( with the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% o& the !%o$ince conce%ned who shall send co!ies the%eo& to all !ollin# !laces in the !%o$ince0 6c7 =o% cit" and +'nici!al o&&ices( with the cit" o% +'nici!al election %e#ist%a% who shall send co!ies the%eo& to all !ollin# !laces in the cit" o% +'nici!alit"0 and 6d7 =o% !'non# ba%an#a" o% ka#awad n# san##'nian# ba%an#a"( the ce%ti&icates o& candidac" shall be &iled in acco%dance with the !%o$isions o& Section *. o& A%ticle VI o& this Code. The d'l" a'tho%i8ed %ecei$in# o&&ice% shall i++ediatel" send the o%i#inal co!" o& all ce%ti&icates o& candidac" %ecei$ed b" hi+ to the Co++ission. Sec. ><. 1iniste%ial d't" o& %ecei$in# and acknowled#in# %ecei!t. - The Co++ission( !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%( election %e#ist%a% o% o&&ice% desi#nated b" the Co++ission o% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s 'nde%

the s'cceedin# section shall ha$e the +iniste%ial d't" to %ecei$e and acknowled#e %ecei!t o& the ce%ti&icate o& candidac". Sec. >>. Candidates in case o& death( dis9'ali&ication o% withd%awal o& anothe%. - I& a&te% the last da" &o% the &ilin# o& ce%ti&icates o& candidac"( an o&&icial candidate o& a %e#iste%ed o% acc%edited !olitical !a%t" dies( withd%aws o% is dis9'ali&ied &o% an" ca'se( onl" a !e%son belon#in# to( and ce%ti&ied b"( the sa+e !olitical !a%t" +a" &ile a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" to %e!lace the candidate who died( withd%ew o% was dis9'ali&ied. The s'bstit'te candidate no+inated b" the !olitical !a%t" conce%ned +a" &ile his ce%ti&icate o& candidac" &o% the o&&ice a&&ected in acco%dance with the !%ecedin# sections not late% than +id-da" o& the da" o& the election. I& the death( withd%awal o% dis9'ali&ication sho'ld occ'% between the da" be&o%e the election and +id-da" o& election da"( said ce%ti&icate +a" be &iled with an" boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s in the !olitical s'bdi$ision whe%e he is a candidate( o%( in the case o& candidates to be $oted &o% b" the enti%e electo%ate o& the co'nt%"( with the Co++ission. Sec. >?. Petition to den" d'e co'%se to o% cancel a ce%ti&icate o& candidac". - A $e%i&ied !etition seekin# to den" d'e co'%se o% to cancel a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" +a" be &iled b" the !e%son e)cl'si$el" on the #%o'nd that an" +ate%ial %e!%esentation contained the%ein as %e9'i%ed 'nde% Section >3 he%eo& is &alse. The !etition +a" be &iled at an" ti+e not late% than twent"-&i$e da"s &%o+ the ti+e o& the &ilin# o& the ce%ti&icate o& candidac" and shall be decided( a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( not late% than &i&teen da"s be&o%e the election. ARTICLE G. CA1PAIGN AN@ ELECTION PROPAGAN@A Sec. >.. @e&initions. - As 'sed in this Code6a7 The te%+ JcandidateJ %e&e%s to an" !e%son as!i%in# &o% o% seekin# an electi$e !'blic o&&ice( who has &iled a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" b" hi+sel& o% th%o'#h an acc%edited !olitical !a%t"( a##%o'!+ent( o% coalition o& !a%ties0 6b7 The te%+ Jelection ca+!ai#nJ o% J!a%tisan !olitical acti$it"J %e&e%s to an act desi#ned to !%o+ote the election o% de&eat o& a !a%tic'la% candidate o% candidates to a !'blic o&&ice which shall incl'de617 =o%+in# o%#ani8ations( associations( cl'bs( co++ittees o% othe% #%o'!s o& !e%sons &o% the !'%!ose o& solicitin# $otes andIo% 'nde%takin# an" ca+!ai#n &o% o% a#ainst a candidate0

6 7 5oldin# !olitical ca'c'ses( con&e%ences( +eetin#s( %allies( !a%ades( o% othe% si+ila% asse+blies( &o% the !'%!ose o& solicitin# $otes andIo% 'nde%takin# an" ca+!ai#n o% !%o!a#anda &o% o% a#ainst a candidate0 6*7 1akin# s!eeches( anno'nce+ents o% co++enta%ies( o% holdin# inte%$iews &o% o% a#ainst the election o& an" candidate &o% !'blic o&&ice0 637 P'blishin# o% dist%ib'tin# ca+!ai#n lite%at'%e o% +ate%ials desi#ned to s'!!o%t o% o!!ose the election o& an" candidate0 o% 647 @i%ectl" o% indi%ectl" solicitin# $otes( !led#es o% s'!!o%t &o% o% a#ainst a candidate. The &o%e#oin# en'+e%ated acts i& !e%&o%+ed &o% the !'%!ose o& enhancin# the chances o& as!i%ants &o% no+ination &o% candidac" to a !'blic o&&ice b" a !olitical !a%t"( a##%o'!+ent( o% coalition o& !a%ties shall not be conside%ed as election ca+!ai#n o% !a%tisan election acti$it". P'blic e)!%essions o% o!inions o% disc'ssions o& !%obable iss'es in a &o%thco+in# election o% on att%ib'tes o& o% c%iticis+s a#ainst !%obable candidates !%o!osed to be no+inated in a &o%thco+in# !olitical !a%t" con$ention shall not be const%'ed as !a%t o& an" election ca+!ai#n o% !a%tisan !olitical acti$it" conte+!lated 'nde% this A%ticle. Sec. ?/. Election ca+!ai#n o% !a%tisan !olitical acti$it" o'tside ca+!ai#n !e%iod. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son( whethe% o% not a $ote% o% candidate( o% &o% an" !a%t"( o% association o& !e%sons( to en#a#e in an election ca+!ai#n o% !a%tisan !olitical acti$it" e)ce!t d'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod- P%o$ided( That !olitical !a%ties +a" hold !olitical con$entions o% +eetin#s to no+inate thei% o&&icial candidates within thi%t" da"s be&o%e the co++ence+ent o& the ca+!ai#n !e%iod and &o%t"-&i$e da"s &o% P%esidential and Vice-P%esidential election. Sec. ?1. Inte%$ention o& &o%ei#ne%s. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" &o%ei#ne%( whethe% ;'dicial o% nat'%al !e%son( to aid an" candidate o% !olitical !a%t"( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( o% take !a%t in o% in&l'ence in an" +anne% an" election( o% to cont%ib'te o% +ake an" e)!endit'%e in connection with an" election ca+!ai#n o% !a%tisan !olitical acti$it". Sec. ? . Law&'l election !%o!a#anda. - Law&'l election !%o!a#anda shall incl'de-

6a7 Pa+!hlets( lea&lets( ca%ds( decals( sticke%s o% othe% w%itten o% !%inted +ate%ials o& a si8e not +o%e than ei#ht and one-hal& inches in width and &o'%teen inches in len#th0 6b7 5andw%itten o% !%inted lette%s '%#in# $ote%s to $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" !a%tic'la% candidate0 6c7 Cloth( !a!e% o% ca%dboa%d !oste%s( whethe% &%a+ed o% !osted( with an a%ea e)ceedin# two &eet b" th%ee &eet( e)ce!t that( at the site and on the occasion o& a !'blic +eetin# o% %all"( o% in anno'ncin# the holdin# o& said +eetin# o% %all"( st%ea+e%s not e)ceedin# th%ee &eet b" ei#ht &eet in si8e( shall be allowed- P%o$ided( That said st%ea+e%s +a" not be dis!la"ed e)ce!t one week be&o%e the date o& the +eetin# o% %all" and that it shall be %e+o$ed within se$ent"-two ho'%s a&te% said +eetin# o% %all"0 o% 6d7 All othe% &o%+s o& election !%o!a#anda not !%ohibited b" this Code as the Co++ission +a" a'tho%i8e a&te% d'e notice to all inte%ested !a%ties and hea%in# whe%e all the inte%ested !a%ties we%e #i$en an e9'al o!!o%t'nit" to be hea%d- P%o$ided( That the Co++issionAs a'tho%i8ation shall be !'blished in two news!a!e%s o& #ene%al ci%c'lation th%o'#ho't the nation &o% at least twice within one week a&te% the a'tho%i8ation has been #%anted. Sec. ?*. Re+o$al( dest%'ction o% de&ace+ent o& law&'l election !%o!a#anda !%ohibited. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son d'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod to %e+o$e( dest%o"( oblite%ate( o% in an" +anne% de&ace o% ta+!e% with( o% !%e$ent the dist%ib'tion o& law&'l election !%o!a#anda. Sec. ?3. Re9'i%e+ents &o% !'blished o% !%inted election !%o!a#anda. - An" news!a!e%( newslette%( newsweekl"( #a8ette o% +a#a8ine ad$e%tisin#( !oste%s( !a+!hlets( ci%c'la%s( handbills( b'+!e% sticke%s( st%ea+e%s( si+!le list o& candidates o% an" !'blished o% !%inted !olitical +atte% &o% o% a#ainst a candidate o% #%o'! o& candidates to an" !'blic o&&ice shall bea% and be identi&ied b" the wo%ds J!aid &o% b"J &ollowed b" the t%'e and co%%ect na+e and add%ess o& the !a"o% and b" the wo%ds J!%inted b"J &ollowed b" the t%'e and co%%ect na+e and add%ess o& the !%inte%. Sec. ?4. P%ohibited &o%+s o& election !%o!a#anda. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l6a7 To !%int( !'blish( !ost o% dist%ib'te an" !oste%( !a+!hlet( ci%c'la%( handbill( o% !%inted +atte% '%#in# $ote%s to $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate 'nless the" bea% the na+es and add%esses o& the !%inte% and !a"o% as %e9'i%ed in Section ?3 he%eo&0

6b7 To e%ect( !'t '!( +ake 'se o&( attach( &loat o% dis!la" an" billboa%d( tin!late-!oste%( balloons and the like( o& whate$e% si8e( sha!e( &o%+ o% kind( ad$e%tisin# &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate o% !olitical !a%t"0 6c7 To !'%chase( +an'&act'%e( %e9'est( dist%ib'te o% acce!t electo%al !%o!a#anda #ad#ets( s'ch as !ens( li#hte%s( &ans o& whate$e% nat'%e( &lashli#hts( athletic #oods o% +ate%ials( wallets( shi%ts( hats( bandanas( +atches( ci#a%ettes and the like( e)ce!t that ca+!ai#n s'!!o%te%s acco+!an"in# a candidate shall be allowed to wea% hats andIo% shi%ts o% T-shi%ts ad$e%tisin# a candidate0 6d7 To show o% dis!la" !'blicl" an" ad$e%tise+ent o% !%o!a#anda &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate b" +eans o& cine+ato#%a!h"( a'dio$is'al 'nits o% othe% sc%een !%o;ections e)ce!t telecasts which +a" be allowed as he%eina&te% !%o$ided0 and 6e7 =o% an" %adio b%oadcastin# o% tele$ision station to sell o% #i$e &%ee o& cha%#e ai% ti+e &o% ca+!ai#n and othe% !olitical !'%!oses e)ce!t as a'tho%i8ed in this Code 'nde% the %'les and %e#'lations !%o+'l#ated b" the Co++ission !'%s'ant the%eto. An" !%ohibited election !%o!a#anda #ad#et o% ad$e%tise+ent shall be sto!!ed( con&iscated o% to%n down b" the %e!%esentati$e o& the Co++ission '!on s!eci&ic a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission. Sec. ?<. Re#'lation o& election !%o!a#anda th%o'#h +ass +edia. - 6a7 The Co++ission shall !%o+'l#ate %'les and %e#'lations %e#a%din# the sale o& ai% ti+e &o% !a%tisan !olitical !'%!oses d'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod to ins'%e the e9'al ti+e as to d'%ation and 9'alit" in a$ailable to all candidates &o% the sa+e o&&ice o% !olitical !a%ties at the sa+e %ates o% #i$en &%ee o& cha%#e0 that s'ch %ates a%e %easonable and not hi#he% than those cha%#ed othe% b'"e%s o% 'se%s o& ai% ti+e &o% non-!olitical !'%!oses0 that the !%o$isions o& this Code %e#a%din# the li+itation o& e)!endit'%es b" candidates and !olitical !a%ties and cont%ib'tions b" !%i$ate !e%sons( entities and instit'tions a%e e&&ecti$el" en&o%ced0 and to ens'%e that said %adio b%oadcastin# and tele$ision stations shall not 'nd'l" allow the sched'lin# o& an" !%o#%a+ o% !e%+it an" s!onso% to +ani&estl" &a$o% o% o!!ose an" candidate o% !olitical !a%t" b" 'nd'l" o% %e!eatedl" %e&e%%in# to o% incl'din# said candidate andIo% !olitical !a%t" in s'ch !%o#%a+ %es!ectin#( howe$e%( in all instances the %i#ht o& said stations to b%oadcast acco'nts o& si#ni&icant o% newswo%th" e$ents and $iews on +atte%s o& !'blic inte%est. 6b7 All cont%acts &o% ad$e%tisin# in an" news!a!e%( +a#a8ine( !e%iodical o% an" &o%+ o& !'blication !%o+otin# o% o!!osin# the

candidac" o& an" !e%son &o% !'blic o&&ice shall( be&o%e its i+!le+entation( be %e#iste%ed b" said news!a!e%( +a#a8ine( !e%iodical o% !'blication with the Co++ission. In e$e%" case( it shall be si#ned b" the candidate conce%ned o% b" the d'l" a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$e o& the !olitical !a%t". 6c7 No &%anchise o% !e%+it to o!e%ate a %adio o% tele$ision station shall be #%anted o% iss'ed( s's!ended o% cancelled d'%in# the election !e%iod. An" %adio o% tele$ision stations( incl'din# that owned o% cont%olled b" the Go$e%n+ent( shall #i$e &%ee o& cha%#e e9'al ti+e and !%o+inence to an acc%edited !olitical !a%t" o% its candidates i& it #i$es &%ee o& cha%#e ai% ti+e to an acc%edited !olitical !a%t" o% its candidates &o% !olitical !'%!oses. In all instances( the Co++ission shall s'!e%$ise the 'se and e+!lo"+ent o& !%ess( %adio and tele$ision &acilities so as to #i$e candidates e9'al o!!o%t'nities 'nde% e9'al ci%c'+stances to +ake known thei% 9'ali&ications and thei% stand on !'blic iss'es within the li+its set &o%th in this Code on election s!endin#. R'les and %e#'lations !%o+'l#ated b" the Co++ission 'nde% and b" a'tho%it" o& this section shall take e&&ect on the se$enth da" a&te% thei% !'blication in at least two dail" news!a!e%s o& #ene%al ci%c'lation. P%io% to the e&&ecti$it" o& said %'les and %e#'lations( no !olitical ad$e%tise+ent o% !%o!a#anda &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate o% !olitical !a%t" shall be !'blished o% b%oadcast th%o'#h the +ass +edia. Violation o& the %'les and %e#'lations o& the Co++ission iss'ed to i+!le+ent this section shall be an election o&&ense !'nishable 'nde% Section <3 he%eo&. Sec. ?>. Rallies( +eetin#s and othe% !olitical acti$ities. - S'b;ect to the %e9'i%e+ents o& local o%dinances on the iss'ance o& !e%+its( an" !olitical !a%t" s'!!o%tin# o&&icial candidates o% an" candidate indi$id'all" o% ;ointl" with othe% as!i%ants +a" hold !eace&'l !olitical %allies( +eetin#s( and othe% si+ila% acti$ities d'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod- P%o$ided( That all a!!lications &o% !e%+its to hold +eetin#s( %allies and othe% si+ila% !olitical acti$ities( %ecei!t o& which +'st be acknowled#ed in w%itin# and which a!!lication shall be i++ediatel" !osted in a cons!ic'o's !lace in the cit" o% +'nici!al b'ildin#( shall be acted '!on in w%itin# b" local a'tho%ities conce%ned within th%ee da"s a&te% the &ilin# the%eo& and an" a!!lication not acted '!on within said !e%iod shall be dee+ed a!!%o$edand P%o$ided( &'%the%( That denial o& an" a!!lication &o% said !e%+it shall be a!!ealable to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% o% to the Co++ission whose decision shall be +ade within &o%t"-ei#ht ho'%s and which shall be

&inal and e)ec'to%"- P%o$ided( &inall"( That one onl" ;'sti&iable #%o'nd &o% denial is a !%io% w%itten a!!lication b" an" candidate o% !olitical !a%t" &o% the sa+e !'%!ose has been a!!%o$ed. Sec. ??. P'blic %all". - An" !olitical !a%t" o% candidate shall noti&" the election %e#ist%a% conce%ned o& an" !'blic %all" said !olitical !a%t" o% candidate intends to o%#ani8e and hold in the cit" o% +'nici!alit"( and within se$en wo%kin# da"s the%ea&te% s'b+it to the election %e#ist%a% a state+ent o& e)!enses inc'%%ed in connection the%ewith. Sec. ?.. T%ans!o%tation( &ood and d%inks. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" candidate( !olitical !a%t"( o%#ani8ation( o% an" !e%son to #i$e o% acce!t( &%ee o& cha%#e( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( t%ans!o%tation( &ood o% d%inks o% thin#s o& $al'e d'%in# the &i$e ho'%s be&o%e and a&te% a !'blic +eetin#( on the da" !%ecedin# the election( and on the da" o& the election0 o% to #i$e o% cont%ib'te( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( +one" o% thin#s o& $al'e &o% s'ch !'%!ose. Sec. ./. Co+elec s!ace. - The Co++ission shall !%oc'%e s!ace in at least one news!a!e% o& #ene%al ci%c'lation in e$e%" !%o$ince o% cit"- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That in the absence o& said news!a!e%( !'blication shall be done in an" othe% +a#a8ine o% !e%iodical in said !%o$ince o% cit"( which shall be known as JCo+elec S!aceJ whe%ein candidates can anno'nce thei% candidac". Said s!ace shall be allocated( &%ee o& cha%#e( e9'all" and i+!a%tiall" b" the Co++ission a+on# all candidates within the a%ea in which the news!a!e% is ci%c'lated. Sec. .1. Co+elec !oste% a%ea. - :hene$e% !%acticable( the Co++ission shall also desi#nate and !%o$ide &o% a co++on !oste% a%e in st%ate#ic !laces in each town whe%ein candidates can anno'nce and &'%the% thei% candidac" th%o'#h !oste%s( said s!ace to be likewise allocated &%ee o& cha%#e( e9'all" and i+!a%tiall" b" the Co++ission a+on# all the candidates conce%ned. Sec. . . Co+elec ti+e. - The Co++ission shall !%oc'%e %adio and tele$ision ti+e to be known as JCo+elec Ti+eJ which shall be allocated e9'all" and i+!a%tiall" a+on# the candidates within the a%ea o& co$e%a#e o& all %adio and tele$ision stations. =o% this !'%!ose( the &%anchise o& all %adio b%oadcastin# and tele$ision station a%e he%eb" a+ended so as to !%o$ide %adio tele$ision ti+e( &%ee o& cha%#e( d'%in# the !e%iod o& the ca+!ai#n. Sec. .*. Co+elec in&o%+ation b'lletin. - The Co++ission shall ca'se the !%intin#( and s'!e%$ise the disse+ination o& b'lletins to be known as JCo+elec 2'lletinJ which shall be o& s'ch si8e as to ade9'atel" contain the !ict'%e( bio-data and !%o#%a+ o& #o$e%n+ent o& e$e%" candidate. Said

b'lletin shall be disse+inated to the $ote%s o% dis!la"ed in s'ch !laces as to #i$e d'e !%o+inence the%eto. An" candidate +a" %e!%int at his e)!ense( an" "Comelec Bulletin" '!on !%io% a'tho%it" o& the Co++issionP%o$ided( That the !%intin# o& the na+es o& the di&&e%ent candidates with thei% bio-data +'st be in al!habetical o%de% i%%es!ecti$e o& !a%t" a&&iliation.

ARTICLE GI. ELECTORAL CONTRI2,TIONS AN@ EGPEN@IT,RES Sec. .3. @e&initions. - As 'sed in this A%ticle6a7 The te%+ Jcont%ib'tionJ incl'des a #i&t( donation( s'bsc%i!tion( loan( ad$ance o% de!osit o& +one" o% an"thin# o& $al'e( o% a cont%act( !%o+ise o% a#%ee+ent to cont%ib'te( whethe% o% not le#all" en&o%ceable( +ade &o% the !'%!ose o& in&l'encin# the %es'lts o& the elections b't shall not incl'de se%$ices %ende%ed witho't co+!ensation b" indi$id'als $ol'ntee%in# a !o%tion o% all o& thei% ti+e in behal& o& a candidate o% !olitical !a%t". It shall also incl'de the 'se o& &acilities $ol'nta%il" donated b" othe% !e%sons( the +one" $al'e o& which can be assessed based on the %ates !%e$ailin# in the a%ea. 6b7 The te%+ Je)!endit'%eJ incl'des the !a"+ent o% deli$e%" o& +one" o& an"thin# o& $al'e( o% a cont%act( !%o+ise o% a#%ee+ent to +ake an e)!endit'%e( &o% the !'%!ose o& in&l'encin# the %es'lts o& the election. It shall also incl'de the 'se o& &acilities !e%sonall" owned b" the candidate( the +one" $al'e o& the 'se o& which can be assessed based on the %ates !%e$ailin# in the a%ea. 6c7 The te%+ J!e%sonJ incl'des an indi$id'al( !a%tne%shi!( co++ittee( association( co%!o%ation( and an" othe% o%#ani8ation o% #%o'! o& !e%sons. Sec. .4. P%ohibited cont%ib'tions. - No cont%ib'tion &o% !'%!oses o& !a%tisan !olitical acti$it" shall be +ade di%ectl" o% indi%ectl" b" an" o& the &ollowin#6a7 P'blic o% !%i$ate &inancial instit'tions- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That nothin# he%ein shall !%e$ent the +akin# o& an" loan to a candidate o% !olitical !a%t" b" an" s'ch !'blic o% !%i$ate &inancial instit'tions le#all" in the b'siness o& lendin# +one"( and that the loan is +ade in acco%dance with laws and %e#'lations and in the o%dina%" co'%se o& b'siness0

6b7 Nat'%al and ;'%idical !e%sons o!e%atin# a !'blic 'tilit" o% in !ossession o& o% e)!loitin# an" nat'%al %eso'%ces o& the nation0 6c7 Nat'%al and ;'%idical !e%sons who hold cont%acts o% s'bcont%acts to s'!!l" the #o$e%n+ent o% an" o& its di$isions( s'bdi$isions o% inst%'+entalities( with #oods o% se%$ices o% to !e%&o%+ const%'ction o% othe% wo%ks0 6d7 Nat'%al and ;'%idical !e%sons who ha$e been #%anted &%anchises( incenti$es( e)e+!tions( allocations o% si+ila% !%i$ile#es o% concessions b" the #o$e%n+ent o% an" o& its di$isions( s'bdi$isions o% inst%'+entalities( incl'din# #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations0 6e7 Nat'%al and ;'%idical !e%sons who( within one "ea% !%io% to the date o& the election( ha$e been #%anted loans o% othe% acco++odations in e)cess o& P1//(/// b" the #o$e%n+ent o% an" o& its di$isions( s'bdi$isions o% inst%'+entalities incl'din# #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations0 6&7 Ed'cational instit'tions which ha$e %ecei$ed #%ants o& !'blic &'nds a+o'ntin# to no less than P1//(///.//0 6#7 O&&icials o% e+!lo"ees in the Ci$il Se%$ice( o% +e+be%s o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines0 and 6h7 =o%ei#ne%s and &o%ei#n co%!o%ations. It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son to solicit o% %ecei$e an" cont%ib'tion &%o+ an" o& the !e%sons o% entities en'+e%ated he%ein. Sec. .<. Solicitin# o% %ecei$in# cont%ib'tions &%o+ &o%ei#n so'%ces. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son( incl'din# a !olitical !a%t" o% !'blic o% !%i$ate entit" to solicit o% %ecei$e( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( an" aid o% cont%ib'tion o& whate$e% &o%+ o% nat'%e &%o+ an" &o%ei#n national( #o$e%n+ent o% entit" &o% the !'%!oses o& in&l'encin# the %es'lts o& the election. Sec. .>. P%ohibited %aisin# o& &'nds. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son to hold dances( lotte%ies( cock&i#hts( #a+es( bo)in# bo'ts( bin#o( bea't" contests( ente%tain+ents( o% cine+ato#%a!hic( theat%ical o% othe% !e%&o%+ances &o% the !'%!ose o& %aisin# &'nds &o% an election ca+!ai#n o% &o% the s'!!o%t o& an" candidate &%o+ the co++ence+ent o& the election !e%iod '! to and incl'din# election da"0 o% &o% an" !e%son o% o%#ani8ation( whethe% ci$ic o% %eli#io's( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( to solicit andIo% acce!t &%o+ an" candidate &o% !'blic o&&ice( o% &%o+ his ca+!ai#n +ana#e%( a#ent

o% %e!%esentati$e( o% an" !e%son actin# in thei% behal&( an" #i&t( &ood( t%ans!o%tation( cont%ib'tion o% donation in cash o% in kind &%o+ the co++ence+ent o& the election !e%iod '! to and incl'din# election da"0 P%o$ided( That no%+al and c'sto+a%" %eli#io's sti!ends( tithes( o% collections on S'nda"s andIo% othe% desi#nated collection da"s( a%e e)cl'ded &%o+ this !%ohibition. Sec. .?. T%'e na+e o& cont%ib'to% %e9'i%ed. - No !e%son shall +ake an" cont%ib'tion in an" na+e e)ce!t his own no% shall an" candidate o% t%eas'%e% o& a !olitical !a%t" %ecei$e a cont%ib'tion o% ente% o% %eco%d the sa+e in an" na+e othe% than that o& the !e%son b" who+ it was act'all" +ade. Sec. ... Re!o%t o& cont%ib'tions. - E$e%" !e%son #i$in# cont%ib'tions to an" candidate( t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t"( o% a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$e o& s'ch candidate o% t%eas'%e% shall( not late% than thi%t" da"s a&te% the da" o& the election( &ile with the Co++ission a %e!o%t 'nde% oath statin# the a+o'nt o& each cont%ib'tion( the na+e o& the candidate( a#ent o& the candidate o% !olitical !a%t" %ecei$in# the cont%ib'tion( and the date o& the cont%ib'tion. Sec. 1//. Li+itations '!on e)!enses o& candidates. - No candidate shall s!end &o% his election ca+!ai#n an a##%e#ate a+o'nt e)ceedin# one !eso and &i&t" centa$os &o% e$e%" $ote% c'%%entl" %e#iste%ed in the constit'enc" whe%e he &iled his candidac"- P%o$ided( That the e)!enses he%ein %e&e%%ed to shall incl'de those inc'%%ed o% ca'sed to be inc'%%ed b" the candidate( whethe% in cash o% in kind( incl'din# the 'se( %ental o% hi%e o& land( wate% o% ai%c%a&t( e9'i!+ent( &acilities( a!!a%at's and !a%a!he%nalia 'sed in the ca+!ai#n- P%o$ided( &'%the%( That whe%e the land( wate% o% ai%c%a&t( e9'i!+ent( &acilities( a!!a%at's and !a%a!he%nalia 'sed is owned b" the candidate( his cont%ib'to% o% s'!!o%te%( the Co++ission is he%eb" e+!owe%ed to assess the a+o'nt co++ens'%ate with the e)!enses &o% the 'se the%eo&( based on the !%e$ailin# %ates in the localit" and shall be incl'ded in the total e)!enses inc'%%ed b" the candidate. Sec. 1/1. Li+itations '!on e)!enses o& !olitical !a%ties. - A d'l" acc%edited !olitical !a%t" +a" s!end &o% the election o& its candidates in the constit'enc" o% constit'encies whe%e it has o&&icial candidates an a##%e#ate a+o'nt not e)ceedin# the e9'i$alent o& one !eso and &i&t" centa$os &o% e$e%" $ote% c'%%entl" %e#iste%ed the%ein. E)!enses inc'%%ed b" b%anches( cha!te%s( o% co++ittees o& s'ch !olitical !a%t" shall be incl'ded in the co+!'tation o& the total e)!endit'%es o& the !olitical !a%t". E)!enses inc'%%ed b" othe% !olitical !a%ties shall be conside%ed as e)!enses o& thei% %es!ecti$e indi$id'al candidates and s'b;ect to li+itation 'nde% Section 1// o& this Code.

Sec. 1/ . Law&'l e)!endit'%es. - To ca%%" o't the ob;ecti$es o& the !%ecedin# sections( no candidate o% t%eas'%e% o& a !olitical !a%t" shall( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( +ake an" e)!endit'%e e)ce!t &o% the &ollowin# !'%!oses6a7 =o% t%a$ellin# e)!enses o& the candidates and ca+!ai#n !e%sonnel in the co'%se o& the ca+!ai#n and &o% !e%sonal e)!enses incident the%eto0 6b7 =o% co+!ensation o& ca+!ai#ne%s( cle%ks( steno#%a!he%s( +essen#e%s( and othe% !e%sons act'all" e+!lo"ed in the ca+!ai#n0 6c7 =o% tele#%a!h and tele!hone tolls( !osta#e( &%ei#ht and e)!%ess deli$e%" cha%#es0 6d7 =o% statione%"( !%intin# and dist%ib'tion o& !%inted +atte%s %elati$e to candidac"0 6e7 =o% e+!lo"+ent o& watche%s at the !olls0 6&7 =o% %ent( +aintenance and &'%nishin# o& ca+!ai#n head9'a%te%s( o&&ice o% !lace o& +eetin#s0 6#7 =o% !olitical +eetin#s and %allies and the 'se o& so'nd s"ste+s( li#hts and deco%ations d'%in# said +eetin#s and %allies0 6h7 =o% news!a!e%( %adio( tele$ision and othe% !'blic ad$e%tise+ents0 6i7 =o% e+!lo"+ent o& co'nsel( the cost o& which shall not be taken into acco'nt in dete%+inin# the a+o'nt o& e)!enses which a candidate o% !olitical !a%t" +a" ha$e inc'%%ed 'nde% Section 1// and 1/1 he%eo&0 6;7 =o% co!"in# and classi&"in# list o& $ote%s( in$esti#atin# and challen#in# the %i#ht to $ote o& !e%sons %e#iste%ed in the lists the costs o& which shall not be taken into acco'nt in dete%+inin# the a+o'nt o& e)!enses which a candidate o% !olitical !a%t" +a" ha$e inc'%%ed 'nde% Sections 1// and 1/1 he%eo&0 o% 6k7 =o% !%intin# sa+!le ballots in s'ch colo%( si8e and +a)i+'+ n'+be% as +a" be a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission and the cost o& s'ch !%intin# shall not be taken into acco'nt in dete%+inin# the a+o'nt o& e)!enses which a candidate o% !olitical !a%t" +a" ha$e inc'%%ed 'nde% Sections 1// and 1/1 he%eo&.

Sec. 1/*. Pe%sons a'tho%i8ed to inc'% election e)!endit'%es. - No !e%son( e)ce!t the candidate( the t%eas'%e% o& a !olitical !a%t" o% an" !e%son a'tho%i8ed b" s'ch candidate o% t%eas'%e%( shall +ake an" e)!endit'%e in s'!!o%t o& o% in o!!osition to an" candidate o% !olitical !a%t". E)!endit'%es d'l" a'tho%i8ed b" the candidate o% the t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" shall be conside%ed as e)!endit'%es o& s'ch candidate o% !olitical !a%t". The a'tho%it" to inc'% e)!endit'%es shall be in w%itin#( co!" o& which shall be &'%nished the Co++ission si#ned b" the candidate o% the t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" and showin# the e)!endit'%es so a'tho%i8ed( and shall state the &'ll na+e and e)act add%ess o& the !e%son so desi#nated. Sec. 1/3. P%ohibited donations b" candidates( t%eas'%e%s o& !a%ties o% thei% a#ents. - No candidate( his o% he% s!o'se o% an" %elati$e within the second ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init"( o% his ca+!ai#n +ana#e%( a#ent o% %e!%esentati$e shall d'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod( on the da" be&o%e and on the da" o& the election( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( +ake an" donation( cont%ib'tion o% #i&t in cash o% in kind( o% 'nde%take o% cont%ib'te to the const%'ction o% %e!ai% o& %oads( b%id#es( school b'ses( !'e%ic'lt'%e cente%s( +edical clinics and hos!itals( ch'%ches o% cha!els ce+ent !a$e+ents( o% an" st%'ct'%e &o% !'blic 'se o% &o% the 'se o& an" %eli#io's o% ci$ic o%#ani8ation- P%o$ided( That no%+al and c'sto+a%" %eli#io's d'es o% cont%ib'tions( s'ch as %eli#io's sti!ends( tithes o% collections on S'nda"s o% othe% desi#nated collection da"s( as well as !e%iodic !a"+ents &o% le#iti+ate schola%shi!s established and school cont%ib'tions habit'all" +ade be&o%e the !%ohibited !e%iod( a%e e)cl'ded &%o+ the !%ohibition. The sa+e !%ohibition a!!lies to t%eas'%e%s( a#ents o% %e!%esentati$es o& an" !olitical !a%t". Sec. 1/4. Acco'ntin# b" a#ents o& candidate o% t%eas'%e%. - E$e%" !e%son %ecei$in# cont%ib'tions o% inc'%%in# e)!endit'%es b" a'tho%it" o& the candidate o% t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" shall( on de+and b" the candidate o% t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" and in an" e$ent within &i$e da"s a&te% %ecei$in# s'ch cont%ib'tion o% inc'%%in# s'ch e)!endit'%e( %ende% to the candidate o% the t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" conce%ned( a detailed acco'nt the%eo& with !%o!e% $o'che%s o% o&&icial %ecei!ts. Sec. 1/<. Reco%ds o& cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es. - 6a7 It shall be the d't" o& e$e%" candidate( t%eas'%e% o& the !olitical !a%t" and !e%son actin# 'nde% the a'tho%it" o& s'ch candidate o% t%eas'%e% to iss'e a %ecei!t &o% e$e%" cont%ib'tion %ecei$ed and to obtain and kee! a %ecei!t statin# the !a%tic'la%s o& e$e%" e)!endit'%e +ade.

6b7 E$e%" candidate and t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" shall kee! detailed( &'ll( and acc'%ate %eco%ds o& all cont%ib'tions %ecei$ed and e)!endit'%es inc'%%ed b" hi+ and b" those actin# 'nde% his a'tho%it"( settin# &o%th the%ein all in&o%+ation %e9'i%ed to be %e!o%ted. 6c7 E$e%" candidate and t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" shall be %es!onsible &o% the !%ese%$ation o& the %eco%ds o& cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es( to#ethe% with all !e%tinent doc'+ents( &o% at least th%ee "ea%s a&te% the holdin# o& the election to which the" !e%tain and &o% thei% !%od'ction &o% ins!ection b" the Co++ission o% its d'l" a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$e( o% '!on !%esentation o& a s'b!oena d'ces tec'+ d'l" iss'ed b" the Co++ission. =ail'%e o& the candidate o% t%eas'%e% to !%ese%$e s'ch %eco%ds o% doc'+ents shall be dee+ed !%i+a &acie e$idence o& $iolation o& the !%o$isions o& this A%ticle. Sec. 1/>. State+ent o& cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es. - E$e%" candidate and t%eas'%e% o& the !olitical !a%t" shall( not late% than se$en da"s( o% ea%lie% than ten da"s be&o%e the da" o& the election( &ile in d'!licate with the o&&ice indicated in the &ollowin# section( &'ll( t%'e and ite+i8ed( state+ent o& all cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es in connection with the election. :ithin thi%t" da"s a&te% the da" o& the election( said candidate and t%eas'%e% shall also &ile in d'!licate a s'!!le+ental state+ent o& all cont%ib'tion and e)!endit'%es not incl'ded in the state+ent &iled !%io% to the da" o& the election. Sec. 1/?. Place &o% &ilin# state+ents. - The state+ents o& cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es shall be &iled as &ollows6a7 Those o& candidates &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident( with the Co++ission. 6b7 Those o& candidates &o% 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( with the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% conce%ned( e)ce!t those o& candidates in the National Ca!ital Re#ion which shall be &iled with the %e#ional election di%ecto% o& said %e#ion. 6c7 Those o& candidates &o% !%o$incial o&&ices( with the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% conce%ned. 6d7 Those o& candidates &o% cit"( +'nici!al and ba%an#a" o&&ices( with the election %e#ist%a% conce%ned.

I& the state+ent is sent b" +ail( it shall be b" %e#iste%ed +ail( and the date on which it was %e#iste%ed with the !ost o&&ice +a" be conside%ed as the &ilin# date the%eo& i& con&i%+ed on the sa+e date b" tele#%a+ o% %adio#%a+ add%essed to the o&&ice o% o&&icial with who+ the state+ent sho'ld be &iled. The !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%s and election %e#ist%a%s conce%ned shall( within &i&teen da"s a&te% the last da" &o% the &ilin# o& the state+ents( send to the Co++ission d'!licate co!ies o& all state+ents &iled with the+. Sec. 1/.. =o%+ and contents o& state+ent. - The state+ent shall be in w%itin#( s'bsc%ibed and swo%n to b" the candidate o% b" the t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t"( shall be co+!lete as o& the date ne)t !%ecedin# the date o& &ilin# and shall set &o%th in detail 6a7 the a+o'nt o& cont%ib'tion( the date o& %ecei!t( and the &'ll na+e and e)act add%ess o& the !e%son &%o+ who+ the cont%ib'tion was %ecei$ed0 6b7 the a+o'nt o& e$e%" e)!endit'%e( the date the%eo&( the &'ll na+e and e)act add%ess o& the !e%son to who+ !a"+ent was +ade( and the !'%!ose o& the e)!endit'%e0 6c7 an" 'n!aid obli#ation( its nat'%e and a+o'nt( and to who+ said obli#ation is owin#0 and 6d7 s'ch othe% !a%tic'la%s which the Co++ission +a" %e9'i%e. I& the candidate o% t%eas'%e% o& the !a%t" has %ecei$ed no cont%ib'tion( +ade no e)!endit'%e( o% has no !endin# obli#ation( the state+ent shall %e&lect s'ch &act. Sec. 11/. P%ese%$ation and ins!ection o& state+ents. - All state+ents o& cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es shall be ke!t and !%ese%$ed at the o&&ice whe%e the" a%e &iled and shall constit'te !a%t o& the !'blic %eco%ds the%eo& &o% th%ee "ea%s a&te% the election to which the" !e%tain. The" shall not be %e+o$ed the%e&%o+ e)ce!t '!on o%de% o& the Co++ission o% o& a co+!etent co'%t and shall( d'%in# %e#'la% o&&ice ho'%s( be s'b;ect and o!en to ins!ection b" the !'blic. The o&&ice% in-cha%#e the%eo&( shall( on de+and( &'%nish ce%ti&ied co!ies o& an" state+ent '!on !a"+ent o& the &ee !%esc%ibed 'nde% Section >/ he%eo&. It shall be the d't" o& the Co++ission to e)a+ine all state+ents o& cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es o& candidates and !olitical !a%ties to dete%+ine co+!liance with the !%o$isions o& this A%ticle. Sec. 111. E&&ect o& &ail'%e to &ile state+ent. - In addition to othe% sanctions !%o$ided in this Code( no !e%son elected to an" !'blic o&&ice shall ente% '!on the d'ties o& his o&&ice 'ntil he has &iled the state+ent o& cont%ib'tions and e)!endit'%es he%ein %e9'i%ed.

The sa+e !%ohibition shall a!!l" i& the !olitical !a%t" which no+inated the winnin# candidate &ails to &ile the state+ents %e9'i%ed he%ein within the !e%iod !%esc%ibed b" this Code. Sec. 11 . Re!o%t o& cont%acto% and b'siness &i%+s. - E$e%" !e%son o% &i%+ to who+ an" electo%al e)!endit'%e is +ade shall( within thi%t" da"s a&te% the da" o& the election( &ile with the Co++ission a %e!o%t settin# &o%th the &'ll na+es and e)act add%esses o& the candidates( t%eas'%e%s o& !olitical !a%ties( and othe% !e%sons inc'%%in# s'ch e)!endit'%es( the nat'%e o% !'%!ose o& each e)!endit'%e( the date and costs the%eo&( and s'ch othe% !a%tic'la%s as the Co++ission +a" %e9'i%e. The %e!o%t shall be si#ned and swo%n to b" the s'!!lie% o% cont%acto%( o% in case o& a b'siness &i%+ o% association( b" its !%esident o% #ene%al +ana#e%. It shall be the d't" o& s'ch !e%son o% &i%+ to who+ an electo%al e)!endit'%e is +ade to %e9'i%e e$e%" a#ent o& a candidate o% o& the t%eas'%e% o& a !olitical !a%t" to !%esent w%itten a'tho%it" to inc'% electo%al e)!endit'%es in behal& o& s'ch candidate o% t%eas'%e%( and to kee! and !%ese%$e at its !lace o& b'siness( s'b;ect to ins!ection b" the Co++ission o% its a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es( co!ies o& s'ch w%itten a'tho%it"( cont%acts( $o'che%s( in$oices and othe% %eco%ds and doc'+ents %elati$e to said e)!endit'%es &o% a !e%iod o& th%ee "ea%s a&te% the date o& the election to which the" !e%tain. It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" s'!!lie%( cont%acto% o% b'siness &i%+ to ente% into cont%act in$ol$in# election e)!endit'%es with %e!%esentati$es o& candidates o% !olitical !a%ties witho't s'ch w%itten a'tho%it". ARTICLE GII. REGISTRATION O= VOTERS Sec. 11*. Pe%+anent List o& Vote%s. - An" !%o$ision o& P%esidential @ec%ee No. 1?.< to the cont%a%" notwithstandin#( the list o& $ote%s !%e!a%ed and 'sed in the election o& 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa on 1a" 13( 1.?3( with s'ch additions( cancellations and co%%ections as +a" he%ea&te% be +ade in acco%dance with the !%o$isions o& this Code( shall constit'te the !e%+anent list o& $ote%s in each cit" o% +'nici!alit"( as the case +a" be( 'ntil 1..<. =o% !'%!oses o& the ne)t &ollowin# election( the Co++ission( th%o'#h the election %e#ist%a%s( shall assi#n the !%o!e% !%ecincts and !ollin# !laces to the %e#iste%ed $ote%s in said list. :%itten notice o& an" s'ch chan#e shall be +ade to the a&&ected $ote%s within two weeks the%e&%o+.

Sec. 113. Renewal o& the Pe%+anent List. - The list o& $ote%s !%e!a%ed in acco%dance with the !%ecedin# section shall be %enewed in nineteen h'nd%ed and ninet"-si) and e$e%" twel$e "ea%s the%ea&te%. Sec. 114. Necessit" o& Re#ist%ation. - In o%de% that a 9'ali&ied electo% +a" $ote in an" election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+( he +'st be %e#iste%ed in the !e%+anent list o& $ote%s &o% the cit" o% +'nici!alit" in which he %esides. Sec. 11<. :ho +a" be %e#iste%ed in the list. - All !e%sons ha$in# co+!lied with the %e9'isites he%ein !%esc%ibed &o% the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s shall be %e#iste%ed in the list( !%o$ided the" !ossess all the 9'ali&ications and none o& the dis9'ali&ications o& a $ote%. Those who &ailed to %e#iste% in the election o& 1.?3( &o% an" %eason whatsoe$e%( +a" %e#iste% in acco%dance with the !%o$isions o& this Code. An" !e%son who +a" not ha$e on the date o& %e#ist%ation the a#e o% !e%iod o& %esidence %e9'i%ed +a" also be %e#iste%ed '!on !%oo& that on the date o& the election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+ he shall ha$e s'ch 9'ali&ications. Sec. 11>. C'ali&ications o& a $ote%. - E$e%" citi8en o& the Phili!!ines( not othe%wise dis9'ali&ied b" law( ei#hteen "ea%s o& a#e o% o$e%( who shall ha$e %esided in the Phili!!ines &o% one "ea% and in the cit" o% +'nici!alit" whe%ein he !%o!oses to $ote &o% at least si) +onths i++ediatel" !%ecedin# the election( +a" be %e#iste%ed as a $ote%. An" !e%son who t%ans&e%s %esidence to anothe% cit"( +'nici!alit" o% co'nt%" solel" b" %eason o& his occ'!ation0 !%o&ession0 e+!lo"+ent in !%i$ate o% !'blic se%$ice0 ed'cational acti$ities0 wo%k in +ilita%" o% na$al %ese%$ations0 se%$ice in the a%+"( na$" o% ai% &o%ce0 the constab'la%" o% national !olice &o%ce0 o% con&ine+ent o% detention in #o$e%n+ent instit'tions in acco%dance with law( shall be dee+ed not to ha$e lost his o%i#inal %esidence. Sec. 11?. @is9'ali&ications. - The &ollowin# shall be dis9'ali&ied &%o+ $otin#6a7 An" !e%son who has been sentenced b" &inal ;'d#+ent to s'&&e% i+!%ison+ent &o% not less than one "ea%( s'ch disabilit" not ha$in# been %e+o$ed b" !lena%" !a%don o% #%anted a+nest"- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That an" !e%son dis9'ali&ied to $ote 'nde% this !a%a#%a!h shall a'to+aticall" %eac9'i%e the %i#ht to $ote '!on e)!i%ation o& &i$e "ea%s a&te% se%$ice o& sentence. 6b7 An" !e%son who has been ad;'d#ed b" &inal ;'d#+ent b" co+!etent co'%t o% t%ib'nal o& ha$in# co++itted an" c%i+e in$ol$in# dislo"alt" to the d'l" constit'ted #o$e%n+ent s'ch as

%ebellion( sedition( $iolation o& the anti-s'b$e%sion and &i%ea%+s laws( o% an" c%i+e a#ainst national sec'%it"( 'nless %esto%ed to his &'ll ci$il and !olitical %i#hts in acco%dance with law- P%o$ided( That he shall %e#ain his %i#ht to $ote a'to+aticall" '!on e)!i%ation o& &i$e "ea%s a&te% se%$ice o& sentence. 6c7 Insane o% inco+!etent !e%sons as decla%ed b" co+!etent a'tho%it". Sec. 11.. P%e!a%ation o& the !e%+anent list o& $ote%s. - =o% the !%e!a%ation o& the !e%+anent list o& $ote%s in nineteen h'nd%ed and ninet"-si) and e$e%" twel$e "ea%s the%ea&te%( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s %e&e%%ed to in A%ticle GIV he%eo& o& each election !%ecinct shall hold &o'% +eetin#s on the se$enth Sat'%da"( se$enth S'nda"( si)th Sat'%da" and si)th S'nda" !%ecedin# the date o& the %e#'la% election to be held. At these +eetin#s the boa%d shall !%e!a%e ei#ht co!ies o& the list o& $ote%s o& the !%ecinct whe%ein it shall %e#iste% the electo%s a!!l"in# &o% %e#ist%ation. Sec. 1 /. P%e!a%ation o& the list be&o%e othe% %e#'la% elections. - =o% the !%e!a%ation o& the list be&o%e othe% %e#'la% elections( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o& each election !%ecinct shall +eet in the !ollin# !lace on the se$enth and si)th Sat'%da"s be&o%e the da" o& the election. At these +eetin#s( the boa%d shall !%e!a%e and ce%ti&" ei#ht co!ies o& the list o& $ote%s o& the co%%es!ondin# !%ecinct t%ans&e%%in# the%eto the na+es o& the $ote%s a!!ea%in# in the list 'sed in the !%ecedin# election and incl'din# the%ein s'ch new 9'ali&ied $ote%s as +a" a!!l" &o% %e#ist%ation( as !%o$ided in Section 1 < he%eo&. Sec. 1 1. P%e!a%ation o& the list be&o%e an" s!ecial election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+. - =o% the !%e!a%ation o& the list o& $ote%s be&o%e a s!ecial election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+( the boa%d o& elections ins!ecto%s o& each election !%ecinct shall hold a +eetin# in the !ollin# !lace on the second Sat'%da" &ollowin# the da" o& the !%ocla+ation callin# s'ch election. At this +eetin# the boa%d shall t%ans&e% the na+es o& the $ote%s a!!ea%in# in the list 'sed in the !%ecedin# election and ente% those o& the newl" %e#iste%ed $ote%s. Sec. 1 . T%ans&e% o& na+es o& $ote%s &%o+ the !e%+anent list to the c'%%ent one. - The t%ans&e% o& the na+es o& the $ote%s o& the !%ecinct al%ead" %e#iste%ed in the list 'sed in the !%ecedin# election to the list to be +ade as !%o$ided &o% in the two !%ecedin# sections is a +iniste%ial d't" o& the boa%d( and an" o+ission o% e%%o% in co!"in# shall be co%%ected +ot' !%o!%io( o% '!on !etition o& the inte%ested !a%t"( witho't dela" and in no case be"ond th%ee da"s &%o+ the ti+e s'ch e%%o% is noticed0 and i& the boa%d sho'ld %e&'se( the inte%ested !a%t" +a" a!!l" &o% s'ch co%%ection to the !%o!e% +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t which shall decide the

case witho't dela" and in no case be"ond th%ee da"s &%o+ the date the !etition is &iled. The decision o& the !%o!e% +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t shall be &inal and 'na!!ealable in whate$e% &o%+ o% +anne%. To &acilitate the t%ans&e% o& na+es o& $ote%s( the election %e#ist%a% shall deli$e% the book o& $ote%s to the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s on the da" be&o%e the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s( to be %et'%ned a&te% the last da" o& %e#ist%ation. Sec. 1 *. Cancellation and e)cl'sion in the t%ans&e% o& na+es. - In t%ans&e%%in# the na+es o& the $ote%s o& the !%ecinct &%o+ the list 'sed in the !%ecedin# election to the c'%%ent list( the boa%d shall e)cl'de those who ha$e a!!lied &o% the cancellation o& thei% %e#ist%ation( those who ha$e died( those who did not $ote in the i++ediatel" !%ecedin# two s'ccessi$e %e#'la% elections( those who ha$e been e)cl'ded b" co'%t o%de%s iss'ed in acco%dance with the !%o$isions o& this Code( and those who ha$e been dis9'ali&ied( '!on +otion o& an" +e+be% o& the boa%d o% o& an" electo% o% watche%( '!on satis&acto%" !%oo& to the boa%d and '!on s'++ons to the $ote% in cases o& dis9'ali&ication. The +otion shall be decided b" the boa%d witho't dela" and in no case be"ond th%ee da"s &%o+ its &ilin#. Sho'ld the boa%d den" the +otion( o% &ail to act the%eon within the !e%iod he%ein &i)ed( the inte%ested !a%t" +a" a!!l" &o% s'ch e)cl'sion to the +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t which shall decide the !etition witho't dela" and in no case be"ond th%ee da"s &%o+ the date the !etition is &iled. The decision o& the co'%t shall be &inal. The !oll cle%k shall kee! a %eco%d o& these e)cl'sions and shall &'%nish th%ee co!ies the%eo& to the election %e#ist%a% who shall( in t'%n kee! one co!" and send the two othe% co!ies the%eo& to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and the Co++ission( to be attached b" the+ to the !e%+anent list 'nde% thei% c'stod". Sec. 1 3. 1eetin# to close the list o& $ote%s. - The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall also +eet on the second Sat'%da" i++ediatel" !%ecedin# the da" o& the %e#'la% election( o% on the second da" i++ediatel" !%ecedin# the da" o& the s!ecial election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+ whethe% it be S'nda" o% a le#al holida"( &o% the !'%!ose o& +akin# s'ch incl'sions( e)cl'sions( and co%%ections as +a" be o% +a" ha$e been o%de%ed b" the co'%ts( statin# o!!osite e$e%" na+e so co%%ected( added( o% cancelled( the date o& the o%de% and the co'%t which iss'ed the sa+e0 and &o% the consec'ti$e n'+be%in# o& the $ote%s o& the election !%ecinct. Sho'ld the boa%d &ail to incl'de in the list o& $ote%s an" !e%son o%de%ed b" co+!etent co'%t to be so incl'ded( said !e%son shall( '!on !%esentation o& a ce%ti&ied co!" o& the o%de% o& incl'sion and '!on !%o!e% identi&ication( be allowed b" the boa%d to $ote.

Sho'ld the boa%d &ail to e)cl'de &%o+ the list o& $ote%s an" !e%son o%de%ed b" the co'%t to be so e)cl'ded( the boa%d shall not !e%+it said !e%son to $ote '!on !%esentation to it b" an" inte%ested !a%t" o& a ce%ti&ied co!" o& the o%de% o& e)cl'sion. Sec. 1 4. Re-%e#ist%ation. - A $ote% who is %e#iste%ed in the !e%+anent list o& $ote%s need not %e#iste% anew &o% s'bse9'ent elections 'nless he t%ans&e% %esidence to anothe% cit" o% +'nici!alit"( o% his %e#ist%ation has been cancelled on the #%o'nd o& dis9'ali&ication and s'ch dis9'ali&ication has been li&ted o% %e+o$ed. Likewise a $ote% whose %e#ist%ation has been cancelled d'e to &ail'%e to $ote in the !%ecedin# %e#'la% election +a" %e#iste% anew in the cit" o% +'nici!alit" whe%e he is 9'ali&ied to $ote. Sec. 1 <. Re#ist%ation o& $ote%s. - On the se$enth and si)th Sat'%da"s be&o%e a %e#'la% election o% on the second Sat'%da" &ollowin# the da" o& the !%ocla+ation callin# &o% a new s!ecial election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+( an" !e%son desi%in# to be %e#iste%ed as a $ote% shall acco+!lish in t%i!licate be&o%e the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s a $ote%As a&&ida$it in which shall be stated the &ollowin# data6a7 Na+e( s'%na+e( +iddle na+e( +ate%nal s'%na+e0 6b7 @ate and !lace o& bi%th0 6c7 Citi8enshi!0 6d7 Pe%iods o& %esidence in the Phili!!ines and in the !lace o& %e#ist%ation0 6e7 E)act add%ess with the na+e o& the st%eet and ho'se n'+be% o% in case the%e is none( a b%ie& desc%i!tion o& the localit" and the !lace0 6&7 A state+ent that the a!!licant has not been !%e$io'sl" %e#iste%ed( othe%wise he shall be %e9'i%ed to attach a swo%n a!!lication &o% cancellation o& his !%e$io's %e#ist%ation0 and 6#7 S'ch othe% in&o%+ation o% data which +a" be %e9'i%ed b" the Co++ission. The $ote%As a&&ida$it shall also contain th%ee s!eci+ens o& the a!!licantAs si#nat'%e and clea% and le#ible !%ints o& his le&t and %i#ht hand th'+b+a%ks and shall be swo%n to and &iled to#ethe% with &o'% co!ies o& the latest identi&ication !hoto#%a!h to be s'!!lied b" the a!!licant.

The oath o& the a!!licant shall incl'de a state+ent that he does not ha$e an" o& the dis9'ali&ications o& a $ote% and that he has not been !%e$io'sl" %e#iste%ed in the !%ecinct o% in an" othe% !%ecinct. 2e&o%e the a!!licant acco+!lishes his $ote%As a&&ida$it( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall a!!%aise the a!!licant o& the 9'ali&ications and dis9'ali&ications !%esc%ibed b" law &o% a $ote%. It shall also see to it that the acco+!lished $ote%As a&&ida$it contain all the data the%ein %e9'i%ed and that the a!!licantAs s!eci+en si#nat'%es( the !%ints o& his le&t and %i#ht hand th'+b+a%ks and his !hoto#%a!h a%e !%o!e%l" a&&i)ed in each o& the $ote%As a&&ida$it. Sec. 1 >. Illite%ate o% disabled a!!licants. - The $ote%As a&&ida$it o& an illite%ate o% !h"sicall" disabled !e%son +a" be !%e!a%ed b" an" %elati$e within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o& a&&init" o% b" an" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s who shall !%e!a%e the a&&ida$it in acco%dance with the data s'!!lied b" the a!!licant. Sec. 1 ?. Vote%As identi&ication. - The identi&ication ca%d iss'ed to the $ote% shall se%$e and be conside%ed as a doc'+ent &o% the identi&ication o& each %e#iste%ed $ote%- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That i& the $ote%As identit" is challen#ed on election da" and he cannot !%esent his $ote% identi&ication ca%d( his identit" +a" be established b" the s!eci+en si#nat'%es( the !hoto#%a!h o% the &in#e%!%ints in his $ote%As a&&ida$it in the book o& $ote%s. No e)t%a o% d'!licate co!" o& the $ote% identi&ication ca%d shall be !%e!a%ed and iss'ed e)ce!t '!on a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission. Each identi&ication ca%d shall bea% the na+e and the add%ess o& the $ote%( his date o& bi%th( se)( ci$il stat's( occ'!ation( his !hoto#%a!h( th'+b+a%k( the cit" o% +'nici!alit" and n'+be% o& the !ollin# !lace whe%e he is %e#iste%ed( his si#nat'%e( his $ote% se%ial n'+be% and the si#nat'%e o& the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. An" $ote% !%e$io'sl" %e#iste%ed 'nde% the !%o$isions o& P%esidential @ec%ee N'+be%ed 1?.< who desi%es to sec'%e a $ote% identi&ication ca%d shall( on an" %e#ist%ation da"( !%o$ide &o'% co!ies o& his latest identi&ication !hoto#%a!h to the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s which '!on %ecei!t the%eo& shall a&&i) one co!" the%eo& to the $ote%As a&&ida$it in the book o& $ote%s( one co!" to the $ote% identi&ication ca%d to be iss'ed to the $ote% and t%ans+it th%o'#h the election %e#ist%a%( one co!" each to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and the Co++ission to be %es!ecti$el" attached to the $ote%As a&&ida$it in thei% %es!ecti$e c'stod". Sec. 1 .. Action b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - ,!on %ecei!t o& the $ote%As a&&ida$it( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall e)a+ine the data the%ein. I& it &inds that the a!!licant !ossesses all the 9'ali&ications and

none o& the dis9'ali&ications o& a $ote%( he shall be %e#iste%ed. Othe%wise( he shall not be %e#iste%ed. The na+e and add%ess o& each %e#iste%ed $ote% shall( i++ediatel" '!on his %e#ist%ation( be ente%ed in the !%o!e% al!habetical #%o'! in the list a&te% which the $ote% identi&ication ca%d shall be iss'ed to the $ote%. Sec. 1*/. P%o$incial cent%al &ile o& %e#iste%ed $ote%s. - The%e shall be a !%o$incial cent%al &ile o& %e#iste%ed $ote%s containin# the d'!licate co!ies o& all a!!%o$ed $ote%As a&&ida$its in each cit" and +'nici!alit" in the !%o$ince which shall be 'nde% the c'stod" and s'!e%$ision o& the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%. The a!!lications shall be co+!iled al!habeticall" b" !%ecincts so as to +ake the &ile an e)act %e!lica o& the book o& $ote%s in the !ossession o& the election %e#ist%a%. Sho'ld the book o& $ote%s in the c'stod" o& the election %e#ist%a% be lost o% dest%o"ed at a ti+e so close to the election da" that the%e is no ti+e to %econstit'te the sa+e( the co%%es!ondin# book o& $ote%s in the !%o$incial &ile shall be 'sed d'%in# the $otin#. Sec. 1*1. National cent%al &ile o& %e#iste%ed $ote%s. - The%e shall also be a national cent%al &ile o% %e#iste%ed $ote%s consistin# o& the t%i!licate co!ies o& all a!!%o$ed $ote%sA a&&ida$its in all cities and +'nici!alities which shall be !%e!a%ed and ke!t in the cent%al o&&ice o& the Co++ission. The a!!lications in the national cent%al &ile shall be co+!iled al!habeticall" acco%din# to the s'%na+es o& the %e#iste%ed $ote%s %e#a%dless o& the !lace o& %e#ist%ation. Sec. 1* . P%ese%$ation o& $ote%As a&&ida$its. - A co!" o& the a&&ida$it o& each $ote% shall be ke!t b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s 'ntil a&te% the election when it shall deli$e% the sa+e to the election %e#ist%a% to#ethe% with the co!ies o& the list o& $ote%s and othe% election !a!e%s &o% 'se in the ne)t election. The election %e#ist%a% shall co+!ile the $ote%As a&&ida$its b" !%ecinct al!habeticall" in a book o& $ote%s. The othe% two co!ies shall be sent b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s on the da" &ollowin# the date o& the a&&ida$it to the o&&ice o& the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and the Co++ission in 1anila. The !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and the Co++ission shall %es!ecti$el" &ile and !%ese%$e the $ote%As a&&ida$its b" cit" and +'nici!alit" and in al!habetical o%de% o& thei% s'%na+es. The &o'%th co!" shall be #i$en to the $ote% as e$idence o& his %e#ist%ation. Sec. 1**. Col'+ns in the list o& $ote%s. - The list o& $ote%s shall be a%%an#ed in col'+ns as &ollows- In the &i%st col'+n the%e shall be ente%ed( at the ti+e o& closin# o& the list be&o%e the election( a n'+be% o!!osite the na+e o& each $ote% %e#iste%ed( be#innin# with n'+be% one and contin'in# in consec'ti$e o%de% 'ntil the end o& the list. In the second col'+n( the

s'%na+es o& the %e#iste%ed $ote%s shall be w%itten in al!habetical o%de% &ollowed b" thei% %es!ecti$e &i%st na+es( witho't abb%e$iations o& an" kind. In the thi%d col'+n( the %es!ecti$e %esidences o& s'ch !e%sons with the na+e o& the st%eet and n'+be%( o%( in case the%e be none( a b%ie& desc%i!tion o& the localit" o% !lace. In the &o'%th col'+n( shall be ente%ed the !e%iods o& %esidence in the Phili!!ines and in the cit" o% +'nici!alit". In the &i&th col'+n( the%e shall be ente%ed on the da" o& the election the n'+be%s o& the ballots which we%e #i$en s'ccessi$el" to each $ote%. In the si)th col'+n( the $ote% shall sta+! on the da" o& the election the +a%k o& the th'+b o& his %i#ht hand and 'nde% said +a%k his si#nat'%e. And in the se$enth col'+n( the si#nat'%e o& the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s who has handed the ballot to the $ote%. It will be s'&&icient that the &i&th( si)th( and se$enth col'+ns shall be &illed in the co!" o& the list 'nde% the c'stod" o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s which shall see to it that the th'+b+a%k is sta+!ed !lainl". Sec. 1*3. Ce%ti&icate o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s in the list o& $ote%s. - ,!on the ad;o'%n+ent o& each +eetin# &o% the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall close each al!habetical #%o'! o& s'%na+es o& $ote%s b" w%itin# the dates on the ne)t line in blank( which shall be &o%thwith si#ned b" each +e+be%( and( be&o%e addin# a new na+e on the sa+e !a#e at the ne)t +eetin#( it shall w%ite the &ollowin#- "Added at the _ _ _ meeting" s!eci&"in# i& it is the second thi%d o% &o'%th +eetin# o& the boa%d( as the case +a" be. I& the +eetin# ad;o'%ned is the last one &o% the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s( the boa%d shall( besides closin# each al!habetical #%o'! o& $ote%s as abo$e !%o$ided( add at the end o& the list a ce%ti&icate 6a7 o& the co%%ections and cancellations +ade in the !e%+anent list( s!eci&"in# the+( o% that the%e has been none( and 6b7 o& the total n'+be% o& $ote%s %e#iste%ed in the !%ecinct. Sec. 1*4. P'blication o& the list. - At the &i%st ho'% o& the wo%kin# da" &ollowin# the last da" o& %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s( the !oll cle%k shall deli$e% to the election %e#ist%a% a co!" o& the list ce%ti&ied to b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s as !%o$ided in the !%ecedin# section0 anothe% co!"( also ce%ti&ied( shall be sent to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% o& the !%o$ince( and anothe%( likewise ce%ti&ied( shall be sent to the Co++ission( in whose o&&ices said co!ies shall be o!en to !'blic ins!ection d'%in# %e#'la% o&&ice ho'%s. On the sa+e da" and ho'%( the !oll cle%k shall also !ost a co!" o& the list in the !ollin# !lace in a sec'%e !lace on the doo% o% nea% the sa+e at a hei#ht o& a +ete% and a hal&( whe%e it +a" be con$enientl" cons'lted b" the inte%ested !a%ties. The chai%+an( !oll cle%k and the two +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall each kee! a co!" o& the list which +a" be ins!ected b" the !'blic in thei% %esidence o% o&&ice d'%in# %e#'la% o&&ice ho'%s. I++ediatel" a&te% the +eetin# &o% the closin# o& the list( the !oll cle%k shall also send a notice to the election %e#ist%a%( !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and the Co++ission %e#a%din#

the chan#es and the n'+be%in# abo$e %e&e%%ed to( to be attached to the co!" o& the list 'nde% thei% c'stod". Sec. 1*<. Challen#e o& %i#ht to %e#iste%. - An" !e%son a!!l"in# &o% %e#ist%ation +a" be challen#ed be&o%e the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s on an" %e#ist%ation da" be an" +e+be%( $ote%( candidate( o% watche%. The boa%d shall then e)a+ine the challen#ed !e%son and shall %ecei$e s'ch othe% e$idence as it +a" dee+ !e%tinent( a&te% which it shall decide whethe% the electo% shall be incl'ded in o% e)cl'ded &%o+ the list as +a" be !%o!e%. All challen#es shall be hea%d and decided witho't dela"( and in no case be"ond th%ee da"s &%o+ the date the challen#e was +ade. A&te% the 9'estion has been decided( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall #i$e to each !a%t" a b%ie& ce%ti&ied state+ent settin# &o%th the challen#e and the decision the%eon. Sec. 1*>. Powe% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to ad+iniste% oaths and iss'e s'++ons. - =o% the !'%!ose o& dete%+inin# the %i#ht o& a!!licants to be %e#iste%ed as $ote%s in the list( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall ha$e the sa+e !owe% to ad+iniste% oaths( to iss'e s'b!oena and s'b!oena d'ces tec'+ and to co+!el witnesses to a!!ea% and testi&"( b't the latte%As &ees and e)!enses incident to the !%ocess shall be !aid in ad$ance b" the !a%t" in whose behal& the s'++ons is iss'ed. Sec. 1*?. B'%isdiction in incl'sion and e)cl'sion cases. - The +'nici!al and +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%ts shall ha$e o%i#inal and e)cl'si$e ;'%isdiction o$e% all +atte%s o& incl'sion and e)cl'sion o& $ote%s &%o+ the list in thei% %es!ecti$e +'nici!alities o% cities. @ecisions o& the +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%ts +a" be a!!ealed di%ectl" b" the a##%ie$ed !a%t" to the !%o!e% %e#ional t%ial co'%t within &i$e da"s &%o+ %ecei!t o& notice the%eo&( othe%wise said decision o& the +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t shall beco+e &inal and e)ec'to%" a&te% said !e%iod. The %e#ional t%ial co'%t shall decide the a!!eal within ten da"s &%o+ the ti+e the a!!eal was %ecei$ed and its decision shall be i++ediatel" &inal and e)ec'to%". No +otion &o% %econside%ation shall be ente%tained b" the co'%ts. Sec. 1*.. Petition &o% incl'sion o& $ote%s in the list. - An" !e%son whose a!!lication &o% %e#ist%ation has been disa!!%o$ed b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% whose na+e has been st%icken o't &%o+ the list +a" a!!l"( within twent" da"s a&te% the last %e#ist%ation da"( to the !%o!e% +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t( &o% an o%de% di%ectin# the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to incl'de o% %einstate his na+e in the list( to#ethe% with the ce%ti&icate o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s %e#a%din# his case and !%oo& o& se%$ice o& notice o& his !etition '!on a +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s with indication o& the ti+e( !lace( and co'%t be&o%e which the !etition is to be hea%d.

Sec. 13/. Vote%s e)cl'ded th%o'#h inad$e%tence o% %e#iste%ed with an e%%oneo's o% +iss!elled na+e. - An" $ote% %e#iste%ed in the !e%+anent list who has not been incl'ded in the list !%e!a%ed &o% the election o% who has been incl'ded the%ein with a w%on# o% +iss!elled na+e shall ha$e the %i#ht to &ile an a!!lication on an" date with the !%o!e% +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t( &o% an o%de% di%ectin# that his na+e be %einstated in the list o% that he be %e#iste%ed with his co%%ect na+e. 5e shall attach to s'ch a!!lication a ce%ti&ied co!" o& the ent%" o& his na+e in the list o& the !%ecedin# election( to#ethe% with !%oo& that he has a!!lied witho't s'ccess to the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and that he has se%$ed notice the%eo& '!on a +e+be% o& the boa%d. Sec. 131. Chan#e o& na+e o& %e#iste%ed $ote%. - An" !%e$io'sl" %e#iste%ed $ote% whose na+e has been chan#ed b" %eason o& +a%%ia#e o% b" $i%t'e o& a co'%t o%de% +a" %e9'est the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s d'%in# an" o& its +eetin#s held 'nde% this A%ticle that his %e#ist%ation in the list be %eco%ded 'nde% his o% he% new na+e. Sec. 13 . Petition &o% e)cl'sion o& $ote%s &%o+ the list. - An" %e#iste%ed $ote% in a cit" o% +'nici!alit" +a" a!!l" at an" ti+e e)ce!t d'%in# the !e%iod be#innin# with the twent"-&i%st da" a&te% the last %e#ist%ation da" o& an" election '! to and incl'din# election da" with the !%o!e% +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t( &o% the e)cl'sion o& a $ote% &%o+ the list( #i$in# the na+e and %esidence o& the latte%( the !%ecinct in which he is %e#iste%ed( and the #%o'nds &o% the challen#e. The !etition shall be swo%n to and acco+!anied b" !%oo& o& notice to the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s conce%ned( i& the sa+e is d'l" constit'ted( and to the challen#ed $ote%s. Sec. 13*. Co++on %'les #o$e%nin# ;'dicial !%oceedin#s in the +atte% o& incl'sion( e)cl'sion( and co%%ection o& na+es o& $ote%s. - 6a7 O'tside o& %e#'la% o&&ice ho'%s no !etition &o% incl'sion( e)cl'sion( o% co%%ection o& na+es o& $ote%s shall be %ecei$ed. 6b7 Notices to the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and to challen#ed $ote%s shall state the !lace( da" and ho'% in which s'ch !etition shall be hea%d( and s'ch notice +a" be +ade b" sendin# a co!" the%eo& b" %e#iste%ed +ail o% b" !e%sonal deli$e%" o% b" lea$in# it in the !ossession o& a !e%son o& s'&&icient disc%etion in the %esidence o& the said !e%son o%( in the e$ent that the &o%e#oin# !%oced'%e is not !%acticable( b" !ostin# a co!" in a cons!ic'o's !lace in the cit" hall o% +'nici!al b'ildin# and in two othe% cons!ic'o's !laces within the cit" o% +'nici!alit"( at least ten da"s !%io% to the da" set &o% the hea%in#. In the inte%est o& ;'stice and to a&&o%d the challen#ed $ote% e$e%" o!!o%t'nit" to contest the !etition &o% e)cl'sion( the co'%t

conce%ned +a"( when the challen#ed $ote% &ails to a!!ea% in the &i%st da" set &o% the hea%in#( o%de% that notice be e&&ected in s'ch +anne% and within s'ch !e%iod o& ti+e as it +a" decide( which ti+e shall in no case be +o%e than ten da"s &%o+ the da" the %es!ondent is &i%st &o'nd in de&a'lt. 6c7 Each !etition shall %e&e% to onl" one !%ecinct. 6d7 No costs shall be assessed in these !%oceedin#s. 5owe$e%( i& the co'%t sho'ld be satis&ied that the a!!lication has been &iled &o% the sole !'%!ose o& +olestin# the ad$e%se !a%t" and ca'sin# hi+ to inc'% e)!enses( it +a" conde+n the c'l!able !a%t" to !a" the costs and incidental e)!enses. 6e7 An" candidate who +a" be a&&ected b" the !%oceedin#s +a" inte%$ene and !%esent his e$idence. 6&7 The decision shall be based on the e$idence !%esented. I& the 9'estion is whethe% o% not the $ote% is %eal o% &ictitio's( his nona!!ea%ance on the da" set &o% hea%in# shall be !%i+a &acie e$idence that the %e#iste%ed $ote% is &ictitio's. In no case shall a decision be %ende%ed '!on a sti!'lation o& &acts. 6#7 These a!!lications shall be hea%d and decided witho't dela". The decision shall be %ende%ed within si) ho'%s a&te% the hea%in# and within ten da"s &%o+ the date o& its &ilin# in co'%t. Cases a!!ealed to the %e#ional t%ial co'%t shall be decided within ten da"s &%o+ %ecei!t o& the a!!eal in the o&&ice o& the cle%k o& co'%t. In an" case( the co'%t shall decide these !etitions not late% than the da" be&o%e the election and the decision %ende%ed the%eon shall be i++ediatel" &inal and e)ec'to%"( notwithstandin# the !%o$isions o& Section 1*? on the &inalit" o& decisions. Sec. 133. Can$ass to check %e#ist%ation. - The election %e#ist%a% shall( once e$e%" two "ea%s o% +o%e o&ten sho'ld the Co++ission dee+ it necessa%" in o%de% to !%ese%$e the inte#%it" o& the !e%+anent lists o& $ote%s( cond'ct $e%i&ication b" +ail o% ho'se-to-ho'se can$ass( o% both( o& the %e#iste%ed $ote%s o& an" ba%an#a" &o% !'%!oses o& e)cl'sion !%oceedin#s. Sec. 134. Ann'l+ent o& !e%+anent lists o& $ote%s. - An" book o& $ote%s not !%e!a%ed in acco%dance with the !%o$isions o& this Code o% the !%e!a%ation o& which has been e&&ected with &%a'd( b%ibe%"( &o%#e%"( i+!e%sonation( inti+idation( &o%ce( o% an" othe% si+ila% i%%e#'la%it" o% which list is statisticall" i+!%obable +a"( '!on $e%i&ied !etition o& an" $ote% o% election %e#ist%a%( o% d'l" %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%t"( and a&te%

notice and hea%in#( be ann'lled b" the Co++ission- P%o$ided( That no o%de%( %'lin# o% decision ann'llin# a book o& $ote%s shall be e)ec'ted within si)t" da"s be&o%e an election. Sec. 13<. Reconstit'tion o& lost o% dest%o"ed %e#ist%ation %eco%ds. - The Co++ission shall %econstit'te all %e#ist%ation %eco%ds which ha$e been lost o% dest%o"ed. =o% this !'%!ose( it shall be the d't" o& the election %e#ist%a% to i++ediatel" %e!o%t to the Co++ission an" case o& loss o% dest%'ction o& a!!%o$ed a!!lications &o% %e#ist%ation in thei% c'stod". S'ch %econstit'tion shall be +ade with the 'se o& the co%%es!ondin# co!ies in the national o% !%o$incial cent%al &iles o& %e#iste%ed $ote%sP%o$ided( That i& this is not &easible( the %e#iste%ed $ote% conce%ned +a" be s'++oned b" the election %e#ist%a% to e&&ect s'ch %econstit'tion b" acco+!lishin# a new a!!lication. Reconstit'ted &o%+s shall be clea%l" +a%ked with the wo%d J%econstit'tedJ. The %econstit'tion o& an" lost o% dest%o"ed a!!lication &o% %e#ist%ation shall not a&&ect the c%i+inal liabilit" o& an" !e%son o% !e%sons who +a" be %es!onsible &o% s'ch loss o% dest%'ction. Sec. 13>. E)a+ination o& %e#ist%ation %eco%ds. - All %e#ist%ation %eco%ds in the !ossession o& the cit" o% +'nici!al election %e#ist%a%( the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%( and the Co++ission shall( d'%in# %e#'la% o&&ice ho'%s( be o!en to e)a+ination b" the !'blic with le#iti+ate in9'i%ies &o% !'%!oses o& election. Law en&o%ce+ent a#encies shall( '!on !%io% a'tho%i8ation b" the Co++ission( ha$e access to said %e#ist%ation %eco%ds sho'ld the sa+e be necessa%" to( o% in aid o&( thei% in$esti#ati$e &'nctions and d'ties( s'b;ect to %e#'lations !%o+'l#ated b" the Co++ission. Sec. 13?. List o& $ote%s. - =i&teen da"s be&o%e the date o& the %e#'la% election o% s!ecial election( %e&e%end'+ o% !lebiscite( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +'st !ost the &inal list o& $ote%s in each !%ecinct with each and e$e%" !a#e the%eo& d'l" si#ned o% s'bsc%ibed and swo%n to b" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and that &ail'%e to co+!l" with this !%o$ision will constit'te an election o&&ense. An" candidate o% a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$e o& an acc%edited !olitical !a%t"( '!on &o%+al %e9'est +ade to an election %e#ist%a%( shall be entitled to a ce%ti&ied co!" o& the +ost %ecent list o& $ote%s in an" !%ecinct( +'nici!alit"( cit" o% !%o$ince( '!on !a"+ent o& a %easonable &ee as +a" be !%esc%ibed b" the Co++ission. ARTICLE GIII.

PRECINCTS AN@ POLLING PLACES Sec. 13.. P%ecincts and thei% establish+ent. - The 'nit o& te%%ito%" &o% the !'%!ose o& $otin# is the election !%ecinct( and e$e%" ba%an#a" as o& the a!!%o$al o& this Act shall ha$e at least one s'ch !%ecinct. The Co++ission shall establish all election !%ecincts. The !%ecincts act'all" established in the !%ecedin# %e#'la% election shall be +aintained( b't the Co++ission +a" int%od'ce s'ch ad;'st+ents( chan#es o% new di$isions o% abolish the+( i& necessa%"- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That the te%%ito%" co+!%isin# an election !%ecinct shall not be alte%ed o% a new !%ecinct established within &o%t"-&i$e da"s be&o%e a %e#'la% election and thi%t" da"s be&o%e a s!ecial election o% a %e&e%end'+ o% !lebiscite. Sec. 14/. A%%an#e+ents o& election !%ecincts. - 6a7 Each election !%ecinct shall ha$e( as &a% as !ossible not +o%e than th%ee h'nd%ed $ote%s and shall co+!%ise( as &a% as !%acticable( conti#'o's and co+!act te%%ito%". 6b7 :hen it a!!ea%s that an election !%ecinct contains +o%e than th%ee h'nd%ed $ote%s( the Co++ission shall( in the inte%est o& o%de%l" election( and in o%de% to &acilitate the castin# o& $otes( be a'tho%i8ed to di$ide a !%ecinct not late% than one week a&te% the last da" o& %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s. 2't the !ollin# !lace o& all the !%ecincts c%eated the%eb" shall be located in the sa+e b'ildin# o% co+!o'nd whe%e the !ollin# !lace o& the o%i#inal !%ecinct is located( and i& this be not &easible( in a !lace as close as !ossible to the !ollin# !lace o& the o%i#inal !%ecinct- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That the !ollin# !lace o& the new !%ecinct +a" be located elsewhe%e '!on w%itten !etition o& the +a;o%it" o& the $ote%s o& the new !%ecinct- P%o$ided( &'%the%( That when a !%ecinct is di$ided into two o% +o%e !%ecincts( the %e#iste%ed $ote%s shall be incl'ded in the !%ecinct whe%ein the" %eside. E$e%" case o& alte%ation o& a !%ecinct shall be d'l" !'blished b" !ostin# a notice o& an" chan#e in cons!ic'o's location in the !%ecinct( and in the +'nici!al b'ildin# o% cit" hall( as the case +a" be. 6c7 A +'nici!alit" which has been +e%#ed with anothe% +'nici!alit" shall constit'te at least one election !%ecinct( i& the distance between the %e+otest ba%an#a" o& the +e%#ed +'nici!alit" and the nea%est !ollin# !lace in the +'nici!alit" to which it has been +e%#ed shall( b" the sho%test %oad( e)ceed &i$e kilo+ete%s. 6d7 An island o% #%o'! o& islands ha$in# one h'nd%ed and &i&t" o% +o%e $ote%s shall constit'te a !%ecinct.

6e7 An" alte%ation o& the election !%ecincts o% the establish+ent o& new ones shall be co++'nicated to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%( the !%o$incial s'!e%intendent o& schools( etc. to#ethe% with the co%%es!ondin# +a!s( which shall be !'blished as !%esc%ibed in the ne)t s'cceedin# sections. Sec. 141. P'blication o& +a!s o% !%ecincts. - At least &i$e da"s be&o%e the &i%st %e#ist%ation da" !%ecedin# a %e#'la% election o% s!ecial election o% a %e&e%end'+ o% a !lebiscite( the Co++ission shall( th%o'#h its d'l" a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$e( !ost in the cit" hall o% +'nici!al b'ildin# and in th%ee othe% cons!ic'o's !laces in the cit" o% +'nici!alit" and on the doo% o& each !ollin# !lace( a +a! o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit" showin# its di$ision into !%ecincts with thei% %es!ecti$e bo'nda%ies and indicatin# the%ein all st%eets and alle"s in !o!'lo's a%eas and the location o& each !ollin# !lace. These +a!s shall be ke!t !osted 'ntil a&te% the election( %e&e%end'+ o% !lebiscite. Sec. 14 . Pollin# !lace. - A !ollin# !lace is the b'ildin# o% !lace whe%e the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s cond'cts its !%oceedin#s and whe%e the $ote%s shall cast thei% $otes. Sec. 14*. @esi#nation o& !ollin# !laces. - The location o& !ollin# !laces desi#nated in the !%ecedin# %e#'la% election shall contin'e with s'ch chan#es as the Co++ission +a" &ind necessa%"( a&te% notice to %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%ties and candidates in the !olitical 'nit a&&ected( i& an"( and hea%in#- P%o$ided( That no location shall be chan#ed within &o%t"-&i$e da"s be&o%e a %e#'la% election and thi%t" da"s be&o%e a s!ecial election o% a %e&e%end'+ o% !lebiscite( e)ce!t in case it is dest%o"ed o% it cannot be 'sed. Sec. 143. Re9'i%e+ents &o% !ollin# !laces. - Each !ollin# !lace shall be( as &a% as !%acticable( a #%o'nd &loo% and shall be o& s'&&icient si8e to ad+it and co+&o%tabl" acco++odate &o%t" $ote%s at one ti+e o'tside the #'a%d %ail &o% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The !ollin# !lace shall be located within the te%%ito%" o& the !%ecinct as cent%all" as !ossible with %es!ect to the %esidence o& the $ote%s the%ein and whene$e% !ossible( s'ch location shall be alon# a !'blic %oad. No desi#nation o& !ollin# !laces shall be chan#ed e)ce!t '!on w%itten !etition o& the +a;o%it" o& the $ote%s o& the !%ecinct o% a#%ee+ent o& all the !olitical !a%ties o% b" %esol'tion o& the Co++ission '!on !%io% notice and hea%in#. A !'blic b'ildin# ha$in# the %e9'i%e+ents !%esc%ibed in the !%ecedin# !a%a#%a!h shall be !%e&e%%ed as !ollin# !lace.

Sec. 144. 2'ildin# that shall not be 'sed as !ollin# !laces. - No !ollin# !lace shall be located in a !'blic o% !%i$ate b'ildin# owned( leased( o% occ'!ied b" an" candidate o% o& an" !e%son who is %elated to an" candidate within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init"( o% an" o&&ice% o& the #o$e%n+ent o% leade% o& an" !olitical !a%t"( #%o'! o% &action( no% in an" b'ildin# o% s'%%o'ndin# !%e+ises 'nde% the act'al cont%ol o& a !%i$ate entit"( !olitical !a%t" o% %eli#io's o%#ani8ation. In !laces whe%e no s'itable !'blic b'ildin# is a$ailable( !%i$ate school b'ildin#s +a" be 'sed as !ollin# !laces. No !ollin# !lace shall be located within the !e%i+ete% o& o% inside a +ilita%" o% !olice ca+! o% %ese%$ation o% within a !%ison co+!o'nd. An" %e#iste%ed $ote%( candidate o% !olitical !a%t" +a" !etition the Co++ission not late% than thi%t" da"s be&o%e the &i%st %e#ist%ation da" &o% the t%ans&e% o& the !ollin# !lace &%o+ the !%ohibited b'ildin#s !%o$ided he%ein. S'ch !etition shall be hea%d and decided b" the Co++ission within twent" da"s &%o+ the &ilin# o& the !etition. =ail'%e to e&&ect the t%ans&e% o& the !ollin# !lace a&te% the Co++ission &o'nd it to be located in $iolation o& this section within the !e%iod !%esc%ibed he%ein shall be a #%o'nd &o% the !ost!one+ent o& the election in the !ollin# !lace conce%ned. Sec. 14<. Si#ns and &la#s o& !ollin# !laces. - On the da" o& the $otin# as well as on an" da" that the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +i#ht +eet( e$e%" !ollin# !lace shall ha$e in &%ont a si#n showin# the n'+be% o& the !%ecinct to which it belon#s and the Phili!!ine &la# shall be hoisted at the !%o!e% hei#ht. Sec. 14>. A%%an#e+ent and contents o& !ollin# !laces. - Each !ollin# !lace shall con&o%+ as +'ch as !ossible to the sketch on the &ollowin# !a#e. Sec. 14?. Votin# booth. - @'%in# the $otin#( the%e shall be in each !ollin# !lace a booth &o% e$e%" twent" $ote%s %e#iste%ed in the !%ecinct. Each booth shall be o!en on the side &%ontin# the table &o% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and its th%ee sides shall be closed with walls at least se$ent" centi+ete%s wide and two +ete%s hi#h. The '!!e% !a%t shall be co$e%ed( i& necessa%"( to !%ese%$e the sec%ec" o& the ballot. Each booth shall ha$e in the back#%o'nd a shel& so !laced that $ote%s can w%ite the%ein while standin# and shall be ke!t clea%l" li#hted( b" a%ti&icial li#hts( i& necessa%"( d'%in# the $otin#. The Co++ission shall !ost inside each $otin# booth and elsewhe%e in the !ollin# !lace on the da" be&o%e the election( %e&e%end'+ and !lebiscite a list containin# the na+es o& all the candidates o% the iss'es o% 9'estions

to be $oted &o%( and shall at all ti+es d'%in# the $otin# !e%iod kee! s'ch list !osted in said !laces. Sec. 14.. G'a%d %ails. - 6a7 In e$e%" !ollin# !lace the%e shall be a #'a%d %ail between the $otin# booths and the table &o% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s which shall ha$e se!a%ate ent%ance and e)it. The booths shall be so a%%an#ed that the" can be accessible onl" b" !assin# th%o'#h the #'a%d %ail and b" ente%in# th%o'#h its o!en side &acin# the table o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. 6b7 The%e shall also be a #'a%d %ail &o% the watche%s between the !lace %ese%$ed &o% the+ and the table &o% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and at a distance o& not +o%e than &i&t" centi+ete%s &%o+ the latte% so that the watche%s +a" see and %ead clea%l" d'%in# the co'ntin# o& the contents o& the ballots and see and co'nt the $otes %eco%ded b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +e+be% on the co%%es!ondin# tall" sheets. 6c7 The%e shall also be( i& !ossible( #'a%d %ails se!a%atin# the table o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s &%o+ the $ote%s waitin# &o% thei% t'%n to cast thei% $otes( with ent%ance and e)it to #i$e the+ o%de%l" access to the table and the booths d'%in# the $otin#. 6d7 The !ollin# !lace shall be so a%%an#ed that the booths( the table( the ballot bo)es and the whole !ollin# !lace( e)ce!t what is bein# w%itten within the booths( shall be in !lain $iew o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( the watche%s and othe% !e%sons who +a" be within the !ollin# !lace. Sec. 1</. 2allot bo)es. - 6a7 The%e shall be in each !ollin# !lace on the da" o& the $otin# a ballot bo) one side o& which shall be t%ans!a%ent which shall be set in a +anne% $isible to the $otin# !'blic containin# two co+!a%t+ents( na+el"( the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots which is indicated b" an inte%io% co$e% !ainted white and the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots which is indicated b" an inte%io% co$e% !ainted %ed. The bo)es shall be 'ni&o%+ th%o'#ho't the Phili!!ines and shall be solidl" const%'cted and shall be closed with th%ee di&&e%ent locks as well as th%ee n'+be%ed sec'%it" locks and s'ch othe% sa&et" de$ices as the Co++ission +a" !%esc%ibe in s'ch a wa" that the" can not be o!ened e)ce!t b" +eans o& th%ee distinct ke"s and b" dest%o"in# s'ch sa&et" de$ices. 6b7 In case o& the dest%'ction o% disa!!ea%ance o& an" ballot bo) on election da"( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall i++ediatel" %e!o%t it to the cit" o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e% who shall &'%nish anothe% bo) o% %ece!tacle as e9'all" ade9'ate as !ossible. The election %e#ist%a% shall

%e!o%t the incident and the deli$e%" o& a new ballot bo) b" the &astest +eans o& co++'nication on the sa+e da" to the Co++ission and to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%. Sec. 1<1. Tall" boa%ds. - At the be#innin# o& the co'ntin#( the%e shall be !laced within the !lain $iew o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( watche%s and the !'blic( a tall" boa%d whe%e the na+es o& all the %e#iste%ed candidates o% the iss'es o% 9'estions to be $oted '!on shall be w%itten( and the !oll cle%k shall %eco%d the%eon the $otes %ecei$ed b" each o& the+ as the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s %eads the ballot. Sec. 1< . ='%nishin# o& ballot bo)es( &o%+s( statione%ies and +ate%ials &o% election. - The Co++ission shall !%e!a%e and &'%nish the ballot bo)es( &o%+s( statione%ies and +ate%ials necessa%" &o% the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s and the holdin# o& the election. The !%o$incial( cit" and +'nici!al t%eas'%e% shall ha$e c'stod" o& s'ch election !a%a!he%nalia( s'!!lies and +ate%ials as a%e ent%'sted to hi+ 'nde% the law o% %'les o& the Co++ission and shall be %es!onsible &o% thei% !%ese%$ation and sto%a#e( and &o% an" loss( dest%'ction( i+!ai%+ent o% da+a#e o& an" election e9'i!+ent( +ate%ial o% doc'+ent in thei% !ossession &'%nished 'nde% this Code. Sec. 1<*. Ins!ection o& !ollin# !laces. - 2e&o%e the da" o& the election( %e&e%end'+ o% !lebiscite( the Chai%+an o& the Co++ission shall( th%o'#h its a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es( see to it that all !ollin# !laces a%e ins!ected and s'ch o+issions and de&ects as +a" be &o'nd co%%ected. The Co++ission shall kee! the %e!o%ts on these ins!ections. ARTICLE GIV. 2OAR@ O= ELECTION INSPECTORS Sec. 1<3. Co+!osition and a!!oint+ent o& boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. At least thi%t" da"s be&o%e the date when the $ote%s list is to be !%e!a%e in acco%dance with this Code( in the case o& a %e#'la% election o% &i&teen da"s be&o%e a s!ecial election( the Co++ission shall( di%ectl" o% th%o'#h its d'l" a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es( constit'te a boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s &o% each !%ecinct to be co+!osed o& a chai%+an and a !oll cle%k who +'st be !'blic school teache%s( !%io%it" to be #i$en to ci$il se%$ice eli#ibles( and two +e+be%s( each %e!%esentin# the two acc%edited !olitical !a%ties. The a!!oint+ent shall state the !%ecinct to which the" a%e assi#ned and the date o& the a!!oint+ent. Sec. 1<4. Oath o& the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - The +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( whethe% !e%+anent(

s'bstit'te o% te+!o%a%"( shall be&o%e ass'+in# thei% o&&ice( take and si#n an oath '!on &o%+s !%e!a%ed b" the Co++ission( be&o%e an o&&ice% a'tho%i8ed to ad+iniste% oaths o%( in his absence( be&o%e an" othe% +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s !%esent( o% in case no one is !%esent( the" shall take it be&o%e an" $ote%. The oaths shall be sent i++ediatel" to the cit" o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e%. Sec. 1<<. C'ali&ication o& +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. No !e%son shall be a!!ointed chai%+an( +e+be% o% s'bstit'te +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s 'nless he is o& #ood +o%al cha%acte% and i%%e!%oachable %e!'tation( a %e#iste%ed $ote% o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit"( has ne$e% been con$icted o& an" election o&&ense o% o& an" othe% c%i+e !'nishable b" +o%e than si) +onths o& i+!%ison+ent( o% i& he has !endin# a#ainst hi+ an in&o%+ation &o% an" election o&&ense. 5e +'st be able to s!eak and w%ite En#lish o% the local dialect. Sec. 1<>. @is9'ali&ication. - No !e%son shall se%$e as chai%+an o% +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s i& he is %elated within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init" to an" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% to an" candidate to be $oted &o% in the !ollin# !lace o% his s!o'se. Sec. 1<?. Powe%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall ha$e the &ollowin# !owe%s and &'nctionsa. Cond'ct the $otin# and co'ntin# o& $otes in thei% %es!ecti$e !ollin# !laces0 b. Act as de!'ties o& the Co++ission in the s'!e%$ision and cont%ol o& the election in the !ollin# !laces whe%ein the" a%e assi#ned( to ass'%e the holdin# o& the sa+e in a &%ee( o%de%l" and honest +anne%0 and c. Pe%&o%+ s'ch othe% &'nctions !%esc%ibed b" this Code o% b" the %'les and %e#'lations !%o+'l#ated b" the Co++ission. Sec. 1<.. Votin# !%i$ile#e o& +e+be%s o& boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. 1e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and thei% s'bstit'tes +a" $ote in the !ollin# !lace whe%e the" a%e assi#ned on election da"P%o$ided( That the" a%e %e#iste%ed $ote%s within the !%o$ince( cit" o% +'nici!alit" whe%e the" a%e assi#ned- and P%o$ided( &inall"( That thei% $otin# in the !ollin# !laces whe%e the" a%e not %e#iste%ed $ote%s be noted in the +in'tes o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. Sec. 1>/. Relie& and s'bstit'tion o& +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - P'blic school teache%s who a%e +e+be%s o& the boa%d o&

election ins!ecto%s shall not be %elie$ed no% dis9'ali&ied &%o+ actin# as s'ch +e+be%s( e)ce!t &o% ca'se and a&te% d'e hea%in#. An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( no+inated b" a !olitical !a%t"( as well as his s'bstit'te +a" at an" ti+e be %elie$ed &%o+ o&&ice and s'bstit'ted with anothe% ha$in# the le#al 9'ali&ications '!on !etition o& the a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$e o& the !a%t" '!on whose no+ination the a!!oint+ent was +ade( and it shall be 'nlaw&'l to !%e$ent said !e%son &%o+( o% dist'%b hi+ in( the !e%&o%+ance o& the d'ties o& the said o&&ice. A %eco%d o& each case o& s'bstit'tion shall be +ade( settin# &o%th the%ein the ho'% in which the %e!laced +e+be% has ceased in the o&&ice and the stat's o& the wo%k o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. Said %eco%d shall be si#ned b" each +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s incl'din# the inco+in# and o't#oin# o&&ice%s. Sec. 1>1. Vacanc" in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - E$e%" $acanc" in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall be &illed &o% the %e+ainin# !e%iod in the +anne% he%einbe&o%e !%esc%ibed. Sec. 1> . P%oceedin#s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - The +eetin#s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall be !'blic and shall be held onl" in the !ollin# !lace a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission. The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall ha$e &'ll a'tho%it" to +aintain o%de% within the !ollin# !lace and its !%e+ises( to kee! access the%eto o!en and 'nobst%'cted( and to en&o%ce obedience to its law&'l o%de%s. I& an" !e%son shall %e&'se to obe" law&'l o%de%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( o% shall cond'ct hi+sel& in a diso%de%l" +anne% in its !%esence o% within its hea%in# and the%eb" inte%%'!t o% dist'%b its !%oceedin#s( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +a" iss'e an o%de% in w%itin# di%ectin# an" !eace o&&ice% to take s'ch !e%son into c'stod" 'ntil the ad;o'%n+ent o& the +eetin#( b't s'ch o%de% shall not be e)ec'ted as to !%e$ent an" !e%son so taken into c'stod" &%o+ e)e%cisin# his %i#ht to $ote. S'ch o%de% shall be e)ec'ted b" an" !eace o&&ice% to who+ it +a" be deli$e%ed( b't i& none be !%esent( b" an" othe% !e%son de!'ti8ed b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s in w%itin#. Sec. 1>*. P%ohibition o& !olitical acti$it". - No +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall en#a#e in an" !a%tisan !olitical acti$it" o% take !a%t in the election e)ce!t to discha%#e his d'ties as s'ch and to $ote. Sec. 1>3. ='nctionin# o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall act th%o'#h its chai%+an( and shall decide witho't dela" b" +a;o%it" $ote all 9'estions which +a" a%ise in the !e%&o%+ance o& its d'ties.

Sec. 1>4. Te+!o%a%" $acancies. - I&( at the ti+e o& the +eetin# o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( an" +e+be% is absent( o% the o&&ice is still $acant( the +e+be%s !%esent shall call '!on the s'bstit'te o% the absent +e+be%s to !e%&o%+ the d'ties o& the latte%0 and( in case s'ch s'bstit'te cannot be &o'nd( the +e+be%s !%esent shall a!!oint an" non-!a%tisan %e#iste%ed $ote% o& the !ollin# !lace to te+!o%a%il" &ill said $acanc" 'ntil the absent +e+be% a!!ea%s o% the $acanc" is &illed. In case the%e a%e two o% +o%e +e+be%s !%esent( the" shall act ;ointl"- P%o$ided( That i& the absent +e+be% is one who has been !%o!osed b" an acc%edited !olitical !a%t"( the %e!%esentati$e o& said !olitical !a%t" o% in his absence the watche%s belon#in# to said !a%t" shall desi#nate a %e#iste%ed $ote% o& the !ollin# !lace to te+!o%a%il" &ill said $acanc"- P%o$ided( &'%the%( That in the e$ent o% %e&'sal o% &ail'%e o& eithe% %e!%esentati$e o% watche%s o& said !olitical !a%t" to +ake the desi#nation( the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s !%esent shall choose a non-!a%tisan %e#iste%ed $ote% o& the !ollin# !lace to &ill the $acanc". Sec. 1><. Te+!o%a%" desi#nation o& +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s b" watche%s. - I& at the ti+e the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +'st +eet( all the !ositions in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s a%e $acant( o% i& not one o& the a!!ointed +e+be%s shall a!!ea%( the watche%s !%esent +a" desi#nate $ote%s o& the !ollin# !lace to act in the !lace o& said +e+be%s 'ntil the absentees shall a!!ea% o% the $acancies a%e &illed. Sec. 1>>. A%%est o& absent +e+be%s. - The +e+be% o% +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s !%esent +a" o%de% the a%%est o& an" othe% +e+be% o% s'bstit'te the%eo&( who in thei% ;'d#+ent( has absented hi+sel& with intention o& obst%'ctin# the !e%&o%+ance o& d'ties o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. ARTICLE GV. :ATC5ERS Sec. 1>?. O&&icial watche%s o& candidates. - E$e%" %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%t"( coalition o& !olitical !a%ties and e$e%" inde!endent candidate shall each be entitled to one watche% in e$e%" !ollin# !lace. No !e%son shall be a!!ointed watche% 'nless he is a 9'ali&ied $ote% o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit"( o& #ood %e!'tation and shall not ha$e been con$icted b" &inal ;'d#+ent o& an" election o&&ense o% o& an" othe% c%i+e( +'st know how to %ead and w%ite Pili!ino( En#lish( S!anish o% an" o& the !%e$ailin# local dialects( and not %elated within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init" to the chai%+an o% an" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s in the !ollin# !lace whe%e he seeks a!!oint+ent as a watche%.

Each candidate( !olitical !a%t" o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties shall desi#nate in e$e%" !%o$ince( hi#hl" '%bani8ed cit" o% dist%ict in the 1et%o!olitan 1anila a%ea( a %e!%esentati$e a'tho%i8ed to a!!oint watche%s( &'%nishin# the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% o% the cit" election %e#ist%a%( as the case +a" be( the na+es o& s'ch %e!%esentati$es. The !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%s shall &'%nish the +'nici!al election %e#ist%a%s and election %e#ist%a%s o& co+!onent cities with the list o& s'ch %e!%esentati$es. In the case o& 1et%o!olitan 1anila( the desi#nation o& the !e%sons a'tho%i8ed to a!!oint watche%s shall be &iled with the Co++ission( which shall &'%nish the list o& s'ch %e!%esentati$es to the %es!ecti$e cit" and +'nici!al election %e#ist%a%s. Sec. 1>.. Ri#hts and d'ties o& watche%s. - ,!on ente%in# the !ollin# !lace( the watche%s shall !%esent and deli$e% to the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s his a!!oint+ent( and &o%thwith( his na+e shall be %eco%ded in the +in'tes with a notation 'nde% his si#nat'%e that he is not dis9'ali&ied 'nde% the second !a%a#%a!h o& Section 1>?. The a!!oint+ents o& the watche%s shall bea% the !e%sonal si#nat'%e o% the &acsi+ile si#nat'%e o& the candidate o% the d'l" a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es o& the !olitical !a%t" o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties who a!!ointed hi+ o% o& o%#ani8ations a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission 'nde% Section 1?/. The watche%s shall ha$e the %i#ht to sta" in the s!ace %ese%$ed &o% the+ inside the !ollin# !lace. The" shall ha$e the %i#ht to witness and in&o%+ the+sel$es o& the !%oceedin#s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( incl'din# its !%oceedin#s d'%in# the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s( to take notes o& what the" +a" see o% hea%( to take !hoto#%a!hs o& the !%oceedin#s and incidents( i& an"( d'%in# the co'ntin# o& $otes( as well as o& election %et'%ns( tall" boa%ds and ballot bo)es( to &ile a !%otest a#ainst an" i%%e#'la%it" o% $iolation o& law which the" belie$e +a" ha$e been co++itted b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% b" an" o& its +e+be%s o% b" an" !e%sons( to obtain &%o+ the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s a ce%ti&icate as to the &ilin# o& s'ch !%otest andIo% o& the %esol'tion the%eon( to %ead the ballots a&te% the" shall ha$e been %ead b" the chai%+an( as well as the election %et'%ns a&te% the" shall ha$e been co+!leted and si#ned b" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s witho't to'chin# the+( b't the" shall not s!eak to an" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( o% to an" $ote%( o% a+on# the+sel$es( in s'ch a +anne% as wo'ld dist%act the !%oceedin#s( and to be &'%nished with a ce%ti&icate o& the n'+be% o& $otes in wo%ds and &i#'%es cast &o% each candidate( d'l" si#ned and th'+b+a%ked b" the chai%+an and all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. Re&'sal o& the chai%+an and the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to si#n and &'%nish s'ch ce%ti&icate shall constit'te an election o&&ense and shall be !enali8ed 'nde% this Code.

Sec. 1?/. Othe% watche%s. - The d'l" acc%edited citi8ens a%+ o& the Co++ission shall be entitled to a!!oint a watche% in e$e%" !ollin# !lace. Othe% ci$ic( %eli#io's( !%o&essional( b'siness( se%$ice( "o'th and an" othe% si+ila% o%#ani8ations( with !%io% a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission( shall be entitled collecti$el" to a!!oint one watche% in e$e%" !ollin# !lace. ARTICLE GVI. O==ICIAL 2ALLOTS AN@ ELECTION RET,RNS Sec. 1?1. O&&icial ballots. - 2allots &o% national and local o&&ices shall be o& 'ni&o%+ si8e and colo% and shall be !%o$ided at !'blic e)!ense. The" shall be !%inted on !a!e% with wate%+a%ks o% othe% +a%ks that will %eadil" distin#'ish the ballot !a!e% &%o+ o%dina%" !a!e%. Each ballot shall be in the sha!e o& a st%i! with st'b and detachable co'!on containin# the se%ial n'+be% o& the ballot( and a s!ace &o% the th'+b+a%k o& the $ote% on the detachable co'!on. It shall bea% at the to! on the +iddle !o%tion the%eo& the coat o& a%+s o& the Re!'blic o& the Phili!!ines( the wo%ds JO&&icial 2allotJ( the na+e o& the cit" o% the +'nici!alit" and !%o$ince in which the election is held( the date o& the election( and the &ollowin# notice- J=ill o't this ballot sec%etl" inside the $otin# booth. @o not !'t an" distincti$e +a%k on an" !a%t o& this ballot.J The ballot shall also contain the na+es o& all the o&&ices to be $oted &o% in the election( allowin# o!!osite the na+e o& each o&&ice( s'&&icient s!ace o% s!aces with ho%i8ontal lines whe%e the $ote% +a" w%ite the na+e o% na+es o& the indi$id'al candidates $oted &o% b" hi+. The%e shall not be an"thin# on the %e$e%se side o& the ballot. 2allots in cities and +'nici!alities whe%e A%abic is o& #ene%al 'se shall ha$e each o& the titles o& o&&ices to be $oted !%inted in A%abic in addition to and i++ediatel" below the En#lish title. Notwithstandin# the !%ecedin# !%o$isions o& this section( the Co++ission is he%eb" e+!owe%ed to !%esc%ibe a di&&e%ent &o%+ o& ballot to &acilitate $otin# b" illite%ate $ote%s and to 'se o% ado!t the latest technolo#ical and elect%onic de$ices as a'tho%i8ed 'nde% !a%a#%a!h 6i7 o& Section 4 he%eo&. Sec. 1? . E+e%#enc" ballots. - No ballots othe% than the o&&icial ballots shall be 'sed o% co'nted( e)ce!t in the e$ent o& &ail'%e to %ecei$e the o&&icial ballots on ti+e( o% whe%e the%e a%e no s'&&icient ballots &o% all %e#iste%ed $ote%s o% whe%e the" a%e dest%o"ed at s'ch ti+e as shall %ende% it i+!ossible to !%o$ide othe% o&&icial ballots( in which cases the cit" o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e% shall !%o$ide othe% ballots which shall be as si+ila% to

the o&&icial ones as ci%c'+stances will !e%+it and which shall be 'ni&o%+ within each !ollin# !lace. The t%eas'%e% shall i++ediatel" %e!o%t s'ch action to the Co++ission. The +'nici!al t%eas'%e% shall not 'nde%take the !%e!a%ation o& the e+e%#enc" ballots 'nless the !olitical !a%ties( candidates and the o%#ani8ations collecti$el" a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission to desi#nate watche%s ha$e been s'&&icientl" noti&ied to send thei% %e!%esentati$es and ha$e a#%eed in w%itin# to the !%e!a%ation and 'se o& e+e%#enc" ballots. Sec. 1?*. Re9'isition o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns. - O&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns shall be !%inted '!on o%de%s o& the Co++ission. Re9'isition o& o&&icial ballots shall be &o% each cit" and +'nici!alit"( at the %ate o& one and one-&i&th ballots &o% e$e%" %e#iste%ed $ote% in the ne)t !%ecedin# election0 and &o% election %et'%ns( at one set the%eo& &o% e$e%" !ollin# !lace. Sec. 1?3. P%intin# o& o&&icial ballots and elections %et'%ns. - The o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns shall be !%inted b" the Go$e%n+ent P%intin# O&&ice andIo% the Cent%al 2ank !%intin# &acilities e)cl'si$el"( 'nde% the e)cl'si$e s'!e%$ision and cont%ol o& the Co++ission which shall dete%+ine and !%o$ide the necessa%" sec'%it" +eas'%es in the !%intin#( sto%a#e and dist%ib'tion the%eo&. Each ballot shall be ;oined b" a !e%&o%ated line to a st'b n'+be%ed consec'ti$el"( be#innin# with n'+be% J1J in each cit" and +'nici!alit". Each ballot shall also ha$e at the botto+ a detachable co'!on bea%in# the sa+e n'+be% o& the st'b. Each !ad o& ballots shall bea% on its co$e% the na+e o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit" in which the ballots a%e to be 'sed and the incl'si$e se%ial n'+be%s o& the ballots contained the%ein. The o&&icial ballots shall be bo'nd in se!a%ate !ads o& &i&t" o% one h'nd%ed ballots each as +a" be %e9'i%ed. The election %et'%ns shall be !%e!a%ed in sets o& si) co!ies !e% set and shall be n'+be%ed consec'ti$el"( be#innin# with n'+be% J1J in each cit" and +'nici!alit". Each set o& the election %et'%ns shall be !%inted in s'ch a +anne% that will ens'%e that the ent%ies on the o%i#inal o& the %et'%ns a%e clea%l" %e!%od'ced on the othe% co!ies the%eo& and shall bea% the na+e o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit" in which the %et'%ns a%e to be 'sed. =o% this !'%!oses( the Co++ission shall ac9'i%e( i& necessa%"( a s!ecial kind o& ca%bon !a!e% o% che+icall" t%eated !a!e%. Sec. 1?4. Sa+!le o&&icial ballots. - The Co++ission shall !%o$ide the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s with sa+!le o&&icial ballots at the %ate o& thi%t" ballots !e% !ollin# !lace. The sa+!le o&&icial ballots shall be !%inted

on colo%ed !a!e%( in all %es!ects like the o&&icial ballots b't bea%in# instead the wo%ds JSa+!le O&&icial 2allotJ( to be shown to the !'blic and 'sed in de+onst%atin# how to &ill o't and &old the o&&icial ballots !%o!e%l". No na+e o& an" act'al candidate shall be w%itten on the s!aces &o% $otin# on the sa+!le o&&icial ballots !%o$ided b" the Co++ission( no% shall the" be 'sed &o% $otin#. Sec. 1?<. @ist%ib'tion o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns. - The o&&icial ballots and the election %et'%ns shall be dist%ib'ted b" the Co++ission to each cit" and +'nici!alit" at the %ate o& one and one-&i&th ballots &o% e$e%" $ote% %e#iste%ed in each !ollin# !lace0 and &o% election %et'%ns( at the %ate o& one set each &o% e$e%" !ollin# !lace. The !%o$incial( cit" o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e% shall %es!ecti$el" kee! a %eco%d o& the 9'antit" and se%ial n'+be%s o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns &'%nished the $a%io's !%o$inces( cities( +'nici!alities and !ollin# !laces( as the case +a" be( le#ible co!ies o& which %eco%d shall be &'%nished the d'l" a'tho%i8ed !%o$incial( cit" o% +'nici!al %e!%esentati$es o& the %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !a%t"( and the Co++ission i++ediatel" a&te% the dist%ib'tion is +ade o& s'ch o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns. The Co++ission shall !%esc%ibe the 'se o& o&&icial deli$e%" %ecei!ts to be si#ned b" the election %e#ist%a% and the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s '!on %ecei!t o& the election %et'%ns. No o&&icial ballots o% election %et'%ns shall be deli$e%ed to the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s ea%lie% than the &i%st ho'% o& election da"- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That the Co++ission( a&te% w%itten notice to the %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%ties and the candidates( +a"( &o% ;'sti&iable %easons( a'tho%i8e the deli$e%" o& said o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns to the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o& an" !a%tic'la% !ollin# !lace at an ea%lie% date. Sec. 1?>. Co++ittee on !%intin#( sto%a#e( and dist%ib'tion o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns. - The Co++ission shall a!!oint a co++ittee o& &i$e +e+be%s( two o& who+ shall be &%o+ a+on# its !e%sonnel( the thi%d to be desi#nated b" the Co++ission on A'dit( and the last two to be desi#nated b" the %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !a%t" to act as its %e!%esentati$es in s'!e%$isin# the !%intin#( sto%a#e and dist%ib'tion o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns. ,!on the %e9'est o& an" candidate( !olitical !a%t" o% o& ci$ic( %eli#io's( !%o&essional( b'siness( se%$ice( "o'th o% an" si+ila% o%#ani8ations collecti$el" desi#nated b" the Co++ission( the latte% shall allow an" !e%son desi#nated b" an" o& the &o%+e% as watche% to obse%$e the !%oceedin#s o& the co++ittee on the !%intin# o& o&&icial ballots and

election %et'%ns( &ile ob;ections( i& an"( witness the !%intin# and dist%ib'tion o& the ballots and the %et'%ns and #'a%d the !%e+ises o& the !%inte%. Sec. 1??. @'ties o& the co++ittee on !%intin# o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns. - ,nde% s'ch o%de%s o% inst%'ctions as the Co++ission +a" iss'e( and in addition to #ene%al s'!e%$ision and cont%ol o$e% the !%intin# and shi!+ent o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns( the co++ittee on !%intin# o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns shall 6a7 take cha%#e o& the %oo+ o% %oo+s whe%e the !a!e% and !a%a!he%nalia 'sed in the !%intin# o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns a%e sto%ed and whe%e !%inted o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns a%e !acked and !%e!a%ed &o% shi!+ent( 6b7 s'!e%$ise all as!ects %elatin# to the !%intin#( sto%a#e and shi!+ent o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns and %e!o%t to the Co++ission an" i%%e#'la%it" which the" belie$e +a" ha$e been co++itted( and 6c7 !e%&o%+ s'ch othe% %elated &'nctions as the Co++ission +a" di%ect. Sec. 1?.. Re!%esentati$es o& the %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%ties in the $e%i&ication and dist%ib'tion o& o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns. - The %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !a%t" o% thei% %es!ecti$e d'l" a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es in the di&&e%ent !%o$inces( cities and +'nici!alities( shall s'b+it the na+es o& thei% %es!ecti$e watche%s who( to#ethe% with the %e!%esentati$es o& the Co++ission and the !%o$incial( cit" and +'nici!al t%eas'%e% shall $e%i&" the contents o& the bo)es containin# the shi!+ent o& o&&icial ballots( election %et'%ns and sa+!le o&&icial ballots %ecei$ed b" the said t%eas'%e%s. The !%o$incial t%eas'%e%s shall kee! a %eco%d o& thei% %ecei!t and dist%ib'tion to each +'nici!al t%eas'%e%( while the cit" and +'nici!al t%eas'%e% shall each kee! a %eco%d o& thei% dist%ib'tion to the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. ARTICLE GVII. CASTING O= VOTES Sec. 1./. Votin# ho'%s. - The castin# o& $otes shall sta%t at se$en oAclock in the +o%nin# and shall end at th%ee oAclock in the a&te%noon( e)ce!t when the%e a%e $ote%s !%esent within thi%t" +ete%s in &%ont o& the !ollin# !lace who ha$e not "et cast thei% $otes( in which case the $otin# shall contin'e b't onl" to allow said $ote%s to cast thei% $otes witho't inte%%'!tion. The !oll cle%k shall( witho't dela"( !%e!a%e a co+!lete list containin# the na+es o& said $ote%s consec'ti$el" n'+be%ed( and the $ote%s so listed shall be called to $ote b" anno'ncin# each na+e %e!eatedl" th%ee ti+es in the o%de% in which the" a%e listed. An" $ote% in the list who is not !%esent when his na+e is called o't shall not be !e%+itted to $ote.

Sec. 1.1. P%eli+ina%ies to the $otin#. - 6a7 The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall +eet at the !ollin# !lace at si)-thi%t" oAclock in the +o%nin# o& election da" and shall ha$e the book o& $ote%s containin# all the a!!%o$ed a!!lications o& %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s !e%tainin# to the !ollin# !lace( the ce%ti&ied list o& $ote%s( the ce%ti&ied list o& candidates( the ballot bo)( the o&&icial ballots( s'&&icient indelible !encils o% ball !ens &o% the 'se o& the $ote%s( the &o%+s to be 'sed( and all othe% +ate%ials which +a" be necessa%". 6b7 I++ediatel" the%ea&te%( the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall o!en the ballot bo)( e+!t" both o& its co+!a%t+ents( e)hibit the+ to all those !%esent and bein# e+!t"( lock its inte%io% co$e%s with th%ee !adlocks. 6c7 The chai%+an shall &o%thwith show to the !'blic and the watche%s !%esent the !acka#e o& o&&icial ballots %ecei$ed &%o+ the cit"( o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e% d'l" w%a!!ed and sealed and the n'+be% o& !ads( the se%ial n'+be%s and the t"!e &o%+s o& the ballots in each !ad a!!ea%in# on the co$e%( and the book o& $ote%s d'l" sealed. The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall then b%eak the seals o& the !acka#e o& o&&icial ballots and the book o& $ote%s. The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall ente% in the +in'tes the &act that the !acka#e o& ballots( and the book o& $ote%s we%e shown to the !'blic with thei% w%a!!in# and co%%es!ondin# seals intact andIo% i& the" &ind that the w%a!!in# and seals a%e b%oken( s'ch &act +'st be stated in the +in'tes as well as the n'+be% o& !ads and the se%ial n'+be%s o& ballots that the" &ind in the !acka#e. 2allots with se!a%atel" !%inted se%ial n'+be%s shall be dee+ed s!'%io's and shall not be 'tili8ed b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s 'nless the Co++ission %e!%esentati$e shall o%de% thei% 'se in w%itin#( statin# the %easons the%e&o%. 6d7 The chai%+an and the two !a%t" +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall %etain in thei% !ossession thei% %es!ecti$e ke"s to the !adlocks d'%in# the $otin#. 6e7 The bo) shall %e+ain locked 'ntil the $otin# is &inished and the co'ntin# be#ins. 5owe$e%( i& it sho'ld beco+e necessa%" to +ake %oo+ &o% +o%e ballots( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +a" o!en the bo) in the !%esence o& the whole boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and the watche%s( and the chai%+an shall !%ess down with his hands the ballots contained the%ein witho't %e+o$in# an" o& the+( a&te% which the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall close the bo) and lock it with th%ee !adlocks as he%einbe&o%e !%o$ided.

Sec. 1. . Pe%sons allowed in and a%o'nd the !ollin# !lace. - @'%in# the $otin#( no !e%son shall be allowed inside the !ollin# !lace( e)ce!t the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( the watche%s( the %e!%esentati$es o& the Co++ission( the $ote%s castin# thei% $otes( the $ote%s waitin# &o% thei% t'%n to #et inside the booths whose n'+be% shall not e)ceed twice the n'+be% o& booths and the $ote%s waitin# &o% thei% t'%n to cast thei% $otes whose n'+be% shall not e)ceed twent" at an" one ti+e. The watche%s shall sta" onl" in the s!ace %ese%$ed &o% the+( it bein# ille#al &o% the+ to ente% !laces %ese%$ed &o% the $ote%s o% &o% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% to +in#le and talk with the $ote%s within the !ollin# !lace. It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" o&&ice% o% +e+be% o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines incl'din# the Phili!!ine Constab'la%" o% the Inte#%ated National Police o% !eace o&&ice% o% an" a%+ed !e%son belon#in# to an" e)t%a-le#al !olice a#enc"( s!ecial &o%ces( %eaction &o%ces( st%ike &o%ces( ho+e de&ense 'nits( ba%an#a" tanod( o% othe% si+ila% &o%ces o% !a%a+ilita%" &o%ces( incl'din# s!ecial &o%ces( sec'%it" #'a%ds( s!ecial !olice+an( and all othe% kinds o& a%+ed o% 'na%+ed e)t%a-le#al !olice o&&ice%s( to ente% an" !ollin# !lace( 'nless it is his !ollin# !lace whe%e he will $ote b't in s'ch case he sho'ld i++ediatel" lea$e the !ollin# !lace( no !olice+an o% !eace o&&ice% shall be allowed to ente% o% sta" inside the !ollin# !lace e)ce!t when the%e is an act'al dist'%bance o& the !eace and o%de% the%ein. 5owe$e%( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s '!on +a;o%it" $ote( i& it dee+s necessa%"( +a" +ake a call in w%itin#( d'l" ente%ed in the +in'tes( &o% the detail o& a !olice+an o% an" !eace o&&ice% &o% thei% !%otection o% &o% the !%otection o& the election doc'+ents and !a%a!he%nalia( in which case( the said !olice+an o% !eace o&&ice% shall sta" o'tside the !ollin# !lace within a %adi's o& thi%t" +ete%s nea% eno'#h to be easil" called b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s at an" ti+e( b't ne$e% at the doo%( and in no case shall the said !olice+an o% !eace o&&ice% hold an" con$e%sation with an" $ote% o% dist'%b o% !%e$ent o% in an" +anne% obst%'ct the &%ee access o& the $ote%s to the !ollin# !lace. It shall likewise be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" ba%an#a" o&&icial to ente% and sta" inside an" !ollin# !lace e)ce!t to $ote o% e)ce!t when se%$in# as a watche% o% +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( in which case( he shall lea$e the !ollin# !lace i++ediatel" a&te% $otin#. Sec. 1.*. O%de% o& $otin#. - The $ote%s shall $ote in the o%de% o& thei% ent%ance into the !ollin# !lace. The $ote%s shall ha$e the %i#ht to &%eel" ente% the !ollin# !lace as soon as the" a%%i$e 'nless the%e a%e $ote%s waitin# inside( in which case the" shall &all in line in the o%de% o& thei% a%%i$al and shall not c%owd a%o'nd the table o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The $ote%s a&te% ha$in# cast thei% $otes shall i++ediatel" de!a%t.

Sec. 1.3. 1anne% o& obtainin# ballots. - The $ote% shall a!!%oach the chai%+an and shall #i$e his na+e and add%ess to#ethe% with othe% data conce%nin# his !e%son. In case an" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s do'bts the identit" o& the $ote%( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall check his $ote%As identi&ication ca%d o%( i& he does not ha$e an"( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall %e&e% to his !hoto#%a!h and si#nat'%e in the $ote%As a!!lication &o% %e#ist%ation. I& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s is satis&ied with his identit"( the chai%+an shall distinctl" anno'nce the $ote%As na+e in a tone lo'd eno'#h to be !lainl" hea%d th%o'#ho't the !ollin# !lace. I& s'ch $ote% has not been challen#ed( o% i& ha$in# been challen#ed( the 9'estion has been decided in his &a$o%( the $ote% shall &o%thwith a&&i) his si#nat'%e in the !%o!e% s!ace in the $otin# %eco%d( and the chai%+an shall( a&te% &i%st ente%in# the n'+be% o& the ballot in the co%%es!ondin# s!ace o& the $otin# %eco%d( deli$e% to the $ote% one ballot co%%ectl" &olded. No !e%son othe% than the chai%+an shall deli$e% o&&icial ballots no% shall +o%e than one ballot be deli$e%ed at one ti+e. Sec. 1.4. 1anne% o& !%e!a%in# the ballot. - The $ote%( '!on %ecei$in# his &olded ballot( shall &o%thwith !%oceed to one o& the e+!t" $otin# booths and shall the%e &ill his ballot b" w%itin# in the !%o!e% s!ace &o% each o&&ice the na+e o& the indi$id'al candidate &o% who+ he desi%es to $ote. No $ote% shall be allowed to ente% a booth occ'!ied b" anothe%( no% ente% the sa+e acco+!anied b" so+ebod"( e)ce!t as !%o$ided &o% in the s'cceedin# section he%eo&( no% sta" the%ein &o% a lon#e% ti+e than necessa%"( no% s!eak with an"one othe% than as he%ein !%o$ided while inside the !ollin# !lace. It shall be 'nlaw&'l to !%e!a%e the ballot o'tside the $otin# booth( o% to e)hibit its contents to an" !e%son( o% to e%ase an" !%intin# &%o+ the ballot( o% to intentionall" tea% o% de&ace the sa+e o% !'t the%eon an" distin#'ishin# +a%k. It shall likewise be 'nlaw&'l to 'se ca%bon !a!e%( !a%a&&in !a!e%( o% othe% +eans &o% +akin# a co!" o& the contents o& the ballot o% +ake 'se o& an" othe% +eans to identi&" the $ote o& the $ote%. Sec. 1.<. P%e!a%ation o& ballots &o% illite%ate and disabled !e%sons. - A $ote% who is illite%ate o% !h"sicall" 'nable to !%e!a%e the ballot b" hi+sel& +a" be assisted in the !%e!a%ation o& his ballot b" a %elati$e( b" a&&init" o% consan#'init" within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o% i& he has none( b" an" !e%son o& his con&idence who belon# to the sa+e ho'sehold o% an" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( e)ce!t the two !a%t" +e+be%s- P%o$ided( That no $ote% shall be allowed to $ote as illite%ate o% !h"sicall" disabled 'nless it is so indicated in his %e#ist%ation %eco%dP%o$ided( &'%the%( That in no case shall an assisto% assist +o%e than th%ee ti+es e)ce!t the non-!a%t" +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The !e%son th's chosen shall !%e!a%e the ballot &o% the illite%ate o%

disabled $ote% inside the $otin# booth. The !e%son assistin# shall bind hi+sel& in a &o%+al doc'+ent 'nde% oath to &ill o't the ballot st%ictl" in acco%dance with the inst%'ctions o& the $ote% and not to %e$eal the contents o& the ballot !%e!a%ed b" hi+. Violation o& this !%o$ision shall constit'te an election o&&ense. Sec. 1.>. S!oiled ballots. - I& a $ote% sho'ld accidentall" s!oil o% de&ace a ballot in s'ch a wa" that it cannot law&'ll" be 'sed( he shall s'%%ende% i& &olded to the chai%+an who shall note in the co%%es!ondin# s!ace in the $otin# %eco%d that said ballot is s!oiled. The $ote% shall then be entitled to anothe% ballot which the chai%+an shall #i$e hi+ a&te% anno'ncin# the se%ial n'+be% o& the second ballot and %eco%din# said se%ial n'+be% in the co%%es!ondin# s!aces in the $otin# %eco%d. I& the second ballot is a#ain s!oiled o% de&aced in s'ch a wa" that it cannot law&'ll" be 'sed( the sa+e shall be s'%%ende%ed to the chai%+an and %eco%ded in the sa+e +anne% as the &i%st s!oiled o% de&aced ballot. 5owe$e%( no $ote% shall chan#e his ballot +o%e than twice. The s!oiled ballot shall( witho't bein# 'n&olded and witho't %e+o$in# the detachable co'!on( be distinctl" +a%ked with the wo%d Js!oiledJ and si#ned b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s on the endo%se+ent &old the%eo& and i++ediatel" !laced in the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots. Sec. 1.?. Votin#. - 6a7 A&te% the $ote% has &illed his ballot he shall &old it in the sa+e +anne% as when he %ecei$ed it and %et'%n it to the chai%+an. 6b7 In the !%esence o& all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( he shall a&&i) his th'+b+a%k on the co%%es!ondin# s!ace in the co'!on( and deli$e% the &olded ballot to the chai%+an. 6c7 The chai%+an( in the !%esence and $iew o& the $ote% and all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( witho't 'n&oldin# the ballot o% seein# its contents( shall $e%i&" its n'+be% &%o+ the $otin# %eco%d whe%e it was !%e$io'sl" ente%ed. 6d7 The $ote% shall &o%twith a&&i) his th'+b+a%k b" the side o& his si#nat'%e in the s!ace intended &o% that !'%!ose in the $otin# %eco%d and the chai%+an shall a!!l" sil$e% nit%ate and co++assie bl'e on the %i#ht &o%e&in#e% nail o% on an" othe% a$ailable &in#e% nail( i& the%e be no &o%e&in#e% nail. 6e7 The chai%+an shall si#n in the !%o!e% s!ace beside the th'+b+a%k o& the $ote%. 6&7 The chai%+an( a&te% &indin# e$e%"thin# to be in o%de%( shall then detach the co'!on in the !%esence o& the boa%d o& election

ins!ecto%s and o& the $ote% and shall de!osit the &olded ballot in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots( and the detached co'!on in the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots. 6#7 The $ote% shall then de!a%t. An" ballot %et'%ned to the chai%+an whose detachable co'!on has been %e+o$ed not in the !%esence o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and o& the $ote%( o% an" ballot whose n'+be% does not coincide with the n'+be% o& the ballot deli$e%ed to the $ote%( as ente%ed in the $otin# %eco%d( shall be conside%ed as s!oiled and shall be so +a%ked and si#ned b" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. Sec. 1... Challen#e o& ille#al $ote%s. - 6a7 An" $ote%( o% watche% +a" challen#e an" !e%son o&&e%in# to $ote &o% not bein# %e#iste%ed( &o% 'sin# the na+e o& anothe% o% s'&&e%in# &%o+ e)istin# dis9'ali&ication. In s'ch case( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall satis&" itsel& as to whethe% o% not the #%o'nd &o% the challen#e is t%'e b" %e9'i%in# !%oo& o& %e#ist%ation o% the identit" o& the $ote%0 and 6b7 No $ote% shall be %e9'i%ed to !%esent his $ote%As a&&ida$it on election da" 'nless his identit" is challen#ed. 5is &ail'%e o% inabilit" to !%od'ce his $ote%As a&&ida$it '!on bein# challen#ed( shall not !%ecl'de hi+ &%o+ $otin# i& his identit" be shown &%o+ the !hoto#%a!h( &in#e%!%ints( o% s!eci+en si#nat'%es in his a!!%o$ed a!!lication in the book o& $ote%s o% i& he is identi&ied 'nde% oath b" a +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and s'ch identi&ication shall be %e&lected in the +in'tes o& the boa%d. Sec. //. Challen#e based on ce%tain ille#al acts. - An" $ote% o% watche% +a" challen#e an" $ote% o&&e%in# to $ote on the #%o'nd that the challen#ed !e%son has %ecei$ed o% e)!ects to %ecei$e( has !aid( o&&e%ed o% !%o+ised to !a"( has cont%ib'ted( o&&e%ed o% !%o+ised to cont%ib'te +one" o% an"thin# o& $al'e as conside%ation &o% his $ote o% &o% the $ote o& anothe%0 that he has +ade o% %ecei$ed a !%o+ise to in&l'ence the #i$in# o% withholdin# o& an" s'ch $ote o% that he has +ade a bet o% is inte%ested di%ectl" o% indi%ectl" in a bet which de!ends '!on the %es'lt o& the election. The challen#ed !e%son shall take a !%esc%ibed oath be&o%e the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s that he has not co++itted an" o& the acts alle#ed in the challen#e. ,!on the takin# o& s'ch oath( the challen#e shall be dis+issed and the challen#ed $ote% shall be allowed to $ote( b't in case o& his %e&'sal to take s'ch oath( the challen#e shall be s'stained and he shall not be allowed to $ote. Sec. /1. Ad+ission o& challen#ed $ote i++ate%ial in c%i+inal !%oceedin#s. - The ad+ission o& the challen#ed $ote 'nde% the two

!%ecedin# sections shall not be concl'si$e '!on an" co'%t as to the le#alit" o& the %e#ist%ation o& the $ote% challen#ed o% his $ote in a c%i+inal action a#ainst s'ch !e%son &o% ille#al %e#ist%ation o% $otin#. Sec. / . Reco%d o& challen#es and oaths. - The !oll cle%k shall kee! a !%esc%ibed %eco%d o& challen#es and oaths taken in connection the%ewith and the %esol'tion o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s in each case and( '!on the te%+ination o& the $otin#( shall ce%ti&" that it contains all the challen#es +ade. The o%i#inal o& this %eco%d shall be attached to the o%i#inal co!" o& the +in'tes o& the $otin# as !%o$ided in the s'cceedin# section. Sec. /*. 1in'tes o& $otin# and co'ntin# o& $otes. - The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall !%e!a%e and si#n a state+ent in &o'% co!ies settin# &o%th the &ollowin#1. The ti+e the $otin# co++enced and ended0 . The se%ial n'+be%s o& the o&&icial ballots and election %et'%ns( s!ecial en$elo!es and seals %ecei$ed0 *. The n'+be% o& o&&icial ballots 'sed and the n'+be% le&t 'n'sed0 3. The n'+be% o& $ote%s who cast thei% $otes0 4. The n'+be% o& $ote%s challen#ed d'%in# the $otin#0 <. The na+es o& the watche%s !%esent0 >. The ti+e the co'ntin# o& $otes co++enced and ended0 ?. The n'+be% o& o&&icial ballots &o'nd inside the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots0 .. The n'+be% o& $alid ballots( i& an"( %et%ie$ed &%o+ the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots0 1/. The n'+be% o& ballots( i& an"( &o'nd &olded to#ethe%0 11. The n'+be% o& s!oiled ballots withd%awn &%o+ the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots0 1 . The n'+be% o& e)cess ballots0 1*. The n'+be% o& +a%ked ballots0

13. The n'+be% o& ballots %ead and co'nted0 14. The ti+e the election %et'%ns we%e si#ned and sealed in thei% %es!ecti$e s!ecial en$elo!es0 1<. The n'+be% and nat'%e o& !%otests +ade b" watche%s0 and 1>. S'ch othe% +atte%s that the Co++ission +a" %e9'i%e. Co!ies o& this state+ent a&te% bein# d'l" acco+!lished shall be sealed in se!a%ate en$elo!es and shall be dist%ib'ted as &ollows- 6a7 the o%i#inal to the cit" o% +'nici!al election %e#ist%a%0 6b7 the second co!" to be de!osited inside the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots o& the ballot bo)0 and 6c7 the thi%d and &o'%th co!ies to the %e!%esentati$es o& the acc%edited !olitical !a%ties. Sec. /3. @is!osition o& 'n'sed ballots at the close o& the $otin# ho'%s. The chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall !%e!a%e a list showin# the n'+be% o& 'n'sed ballots to#ethe% with the se%ial n'+be%s. This list shall be si#ned b" all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( a&te% which all the 'n'sed ballots shall be to%n hal&wa" in the !%esence o& the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. Sec. /4. P%ohibition o& !%e+at'%e anno'nce+ent o& $otin#. - No +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall( be&o%e the te%+ination o& the $otin#( +ake an" anno'nce+ent as to whethe% a ce%tain %e#iste%ed $ote% has al%ead" $oted o% not( as to how +an" ha$e al%ead" $oted o% how +an" so &a% ha$e &ailed to $ote( o% an" othe% &act tendin# to show o% showin# the state o& the !olls( no% shall he +ake an" state+ent at an" ti+e( e)ce!t as witness be&o%e a co'%t( as to how an" !e%son $oted. ARTICLE GVIII. CO,NTING O= VOTES Sec. /<. Co'ntin# to be !'blic and witho't inte%%'!tion. - As soon as the $otin# is &inished( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall !'blicl" co'nt in the !ollin# !lace the $otes cast and asce%tain the %es'lts. The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall not ad;o'%n o% !ost!one o% dela" the co'nt 'ntil it has been &'ll" co+!leted( 'nless othe%wise o%de%ed b" the Co++ission. The Co++ission( in the inte%est o& &%ee( o%de%l"( and honest elections( +a" o%de% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to co'nt the $otes and to acco+!lish the election %et'%ns and othe% &o%+s !%esc%ibed 'nde% this Code in an" othe% !lace within a !'blic b'ildin# in the sa+e +'nici!alit" o% cit"- P%o$ided( That the said !'blic b'ildin# shall not be located within

the !e%i+ete% o& o% inside a +ilita%" o% !olice ca+! o% %ese%$ation no% inside a !%ison co+!o'nd. Sec. />. E)cess ballots. - 2e&o%e !%oceedin# to co'nt the $otes the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall co'nt the ballots in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots witho't 'n&oldin# the+ o% e)!osin# thei% contents( e)ce!t so &a% as to asce%tain that each ballot is sin#le( and co+!a%e the n'+be% o& ballots in the bo) with the n'+be% o& $ote%s who ha$e $oted. I& the%e a%e e)cess ballots( the" shall be %et'%ned in the bo) and tho%o'#hl" +i)ed the%ein( and the !oll cle%k( witho't seein# the ballots and with his back to the bo)( shall !'blicl" d%aw o't as +a" ballots as +a" be e9'al to the e)cess and witho't 'n&oldin# the+( !lace the+ in an en$elo!e which shall be +a%ked Je)cess ballotsJ and which shall be sealed and si#ned b" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The en$elo!e shall be !laced in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots( b't its contents shall not be %ead in the co'ntin# o& $otes. I& in the co'%se o& the e)a+ination ballots a%e &o'nd &olded to#ethe% be&o%e the" we%e de!osited in the bo)( the" shall be !laced in the en$elo!e &o% e)cess ballots. In case ballots with thei% detachable co'!ons be &o'nd in the bo)( s'ch co'!ons shall be %e+o$ed and de!osited in the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots( and the ballots shall be incl'ded in the &ile o& $alid ballots. I& ballots with the wo%ds Js!oiledJ be &o'nd in the bo)( s'ch ballots shall likewise be !laced in the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots. Sec. /?. 1a%ked ballots. - The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall then 'n&old the ballots and dete%+ine whethe% the%e a%e an" +a%ked ballots( and( i& an" be &o'nd( the" shall be !laced in an en$elo!e labelled J+a%ked ballotsJ which shall be sealed and si#ned b" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and !laced in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots and shall not be co'nted. A +a;o%it" $ote o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall be s'&&icient to dete%+ine whethe% an" ballot is +a%ked o% not. Nono&&icial ballots which the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +a" &ind( e)ce!t those which ha$e been 'sed as e+e%#enc" ballots( shall be conside%ed as +a%ked ballots. Sec. /.. Co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots. - The ballots de!osited in the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots shall be !%es'+ed to be s!oiled ballots( whethe% o% not the" contain s'ch notation0 b't i& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s sho'ld &ind that d'%in# the $otin# an" $alid ballot was e%%oneo'sl" de!osited in this co+!a%t+ent( o% i& an" ballot se!a%ated as e)cess o% +a%ked had been e%%oneo'sl" de!osited the%ein( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall o!en said co+!a%t+ent a&te% the $otin# and be&o%e the co'ntin# o& $otes &o% the sole !'%!ose o& d%awin# o't the ballots e%%oneo'sl" de!osited the%ein. It shall then !%e!a%e and si#n a state+ent o& s'ch &act and lock the bo) with its th%ee ke"s i++ediatel" the%ea&te%. The $alid ballots so withd%awn shall be +i)ed with the othe%

$alid ballots( and the e)cess o% +a%ked ballots shall be !laced in thei% !%o!e% en$elo!es which shall &o% s'ch !'%!oses be o!ened and a#ain labelled( sealed( si#ned and ke!t as he%eina&te% !%o$ided. Sec. 1/. 1anne% o& co'ntin# $otes. - The co'ntin# o& $otes shall be +ade in the &ollowin# +anne%- the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall 'n&old the ballots and &o%+ se!a%ate !iles o& one h'nd%ed ballots each( which shall be held to#ethe% with %'bbe% bands( with ca%dboa%d o& the si8e o& the ballots to se%$e as &olde%s. The chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall take the ballots o& the &i%st !ile one b" one and %ead the na+es o& candidates $oted &o% and the o&&ices &o% which the" we%e $oted in the o%de% in which the" a!!ea% the%eon( ass'+in# s'ch a !osition as to enable all o& the watche%s to %ead s'ch na+es. The chai%+an shall si#n and a&&i) his %i#ht hand th'+b+a%k at the back o& the ballot i++ediatel" a&te% it is co'nted. The !oll cle%k( and the thi%d +e+be%( %es!ecti$el"( shall %eco%d on the election %et'%ns and the tall" boa%d o% sheet each $ote as the na+es $oted &o% each o&&ice a%e %ead. Each $ote shall be %eco%ded b" a $e%tical line( e)ce!t e$e%" &i&th $ote which shall be %eco%ded b" a dia#onal line c%ossin# the !%e$io's &o'% $e%tical lines. One !a%t" +e+be% shall see to it that the chai%+an %eads the $ote as w%itten on the ballot( and the othe% shall check the %eco%din# o& the $otes on the tall" boa%d o% sheet and the election %et'%ns seein# to it that the sa+e a%e co%%ectl" acco+!lished. A&te% &inishin# the &i%st !ile o& ballots( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall dete%+ine the total n'+be% o& $otes %eco%ded &o% each candidate( the s'+ bein# noted on the tall" boa%d o% sheet and on the election %et'%ns. In case o& disc%e!anc" s'ch %eco'nt as +a" be necessa%" shall be +ade. The ballots shall then be #%o'!ed to#ethe% a#ain as be&o%e the %eadin#. The%ea&te%( the sa+e !%oced'%e shall be &ollowed with the second !ile o& ballots and so on s'ccessi$el". A&te% all the ballots ha$e been %ead( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall s'+ '! the totals %eco%ded &o% each candidate( and the a##%e#ate s'+ shall be %eco%ded both on the tall" boa%d o% sheet and on the election %et'%ns. It shall then !lace the co'nted ballots in an en$elo!e !%o$ided &o% the !'%!ose( which shall be closed si#ned and de!osited in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots. The tall" boa%d o% sheet as acco+!lished and ce%ti&ied b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall not be chan#ed o% dest%o"ed b't shall be ke!t in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots. Sec. 11. R'les &o% the a!!%eciation o& ballots. - In the %eadin# and a!!%eciation o& ballots( e$e%" ballot shall be !%es'+ed to be $alid 'nless the%e is clea% and #ood %eason to ;'sti&" its %e;ection. The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall obse%$e the &ollowin# %'les( bea%in# in +ind that the ob;ect o& the election is to obtain the e)!%ession o& the $ote%As will-

1. :he%e onl" the &i%s na+e o& a candidate o% onl" his s'%na+e is w%itten( the $ote &o% s'ch candidate is $alid( i& the%e is no othe% candidate with the sa+e &i%st na+e o% s'%na+e &o% the sa+e o&&ice. . :he%e onl" the &i%st na+e o& a candidate is w%itten on the ballot( which when %ead( has a so'nd si+ila% to the s'%na+e o& anothe% candidate( the $ote shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& the candidate with s'ch s'%na+e. I& the%e a%e two o% +o%e candidates with the sa+e &'ll na+e( &i%st na+e o% s'%na+e and one o& the+ is the inc'+bent( and on the ballot is w%itten onl" s'ch &'ll na+e( &i%st na+e o% s'%na+e( the $ote shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& the inc'+bent. *. In case the candidate is a wo+an who 'ses he% +aiden o% +a%%ied s'%na+e o% both and the%e is anothe% candidate with the sa+e s'%na+e( a ballot bea%in# onl" s'ch s'%na+e shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& the candidate who is an inc'+bent. 3. :hen two o% +o%e wo%ds a%e w%itten on the sa+e line on the ballot( all o& which a%e the s'%na+es o& two o% +o%e candidates( the sa+e shall not be co'nted &o% an" o& the+( 'nless one is a s'%na+e o& an inc'+bent who has se%$ed &o% at least one "ea% in which case it shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& the latte%. :hen two o% +o%e wo%ds a%e w%itten on di&&e%ent lines on the ballot all o& which a%e the s'%na+es o& two o% +o%e candidates bea%in# the sa+e s'%na+e &o% an o&&ice &o% which the law a'tho%i8es the election o& +o%e than one and the%e a%e the sa+e n'+be% o& s'ch s'%na+es w%itten as the%e a%e candidates with that s'%na+e( the $ote shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& all the candidates bea%in# the s'%na+e. 4. :hen on the ballot is w%itten a sin#le wo%d which is the &i%st na+e o& a candidate and which is at the sa+e ti+e the s'%na+e o& his o!!onent( the $ote shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& the latte%. <. :hen two wo%ds a%e w%itten on the ballot( one o& which is the &i%st na+e o& the candidate and the othe% is the s'%na+e o& his o!!onent( the $ote shall not be co'nted &o% eithe%. >. A na+e o% s'%na+e inco%%ectl" w%itten which( when %ead( has a so'nd si+ila% to the na+e o% s'%na+e o& a candidate when co%%ectl" w%itten shall be co'nted in his &a$o%0 ?. :hen a na+e o& a candidate a!!ea%s in a s!ace o& the ballot &o% an o&&ice &o% which he is a candidate and in anothe% s!ace &o% which he is not a candidate( it shall be co'nted in his &a$o% &o% the o&&ice

&o% which he is a candidate and the $ote &o% the o&&ice &o% which he is not a candidate shall be conside%ed as st%a"( e)ce!t when it is 'sed as a +eans to identi&" the $ote%( in which case( the whole ballot shall be $oid. I& the wo%d o% wo%ds w%itten on the a!!%o!%iate blank on the ballot is the identical na+e o% s'%na+e o% &'ll na+e( as the case +a" be( o& two o% +o%e candidates &o% the sa+e o&&ice none o& who+ is an inc'+bent( the $ote shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& that candidate to whose ticket belon# all the othe% candidates $oted &o% in the sa+e ballot &o% the sa+e constit'enc". .. :hen in a s!ace in the ballot the%e a!!ea%s a na+e o& a candidate that is e%ased and anothe% clea%l" w%itten( the $ote is $alid &o% the latte%. 1/. The e%%oneo's initial o& the &i%st na+e which acco+!anies the co%%ect s'%na+e o& a candidate( the e%%oneo's initial o& the s'%na+e acco+!an"in# the co%%ect &i%st na+e o& a candidate( o% the e%%oneo's +iddle initial o& the candidate shall not ann'l the $ote in &a$o% o& the latte%. 11. The &act that the%e e)ists anothe% !e%son who is not a candidate with the &i%st na+e o% s'%na+e o& a candidate shall not !%e$ent the ad;'dication o& the $ote o& the latte%. 1 . 2allots which contain !%e&i)es s'ch as JS%.J( J1%.J( J@at'J( J@onJ( JGinooJ( J5on.J( JGob.J o% s'&&i)es like J5i;oJ( JB%.J( JSe#'ndoJ( a%e $alid. 1*. The 'se o& the nickna+es and a!!ellations o& a&&ection and &%iendshi!( i& acco+!anied b" the &i%st na+e o% s'%na+e o& the candidate( does not ann'l s'ch $ote( e)ce!t when the" we%e 'sed as a +eans to identi&" the $ote%( in which case the whole ballot is in$alid- P%o$ided( That i& the nickna+e 'sed is 'nacco+!anied b" the na+e o% s'%na+e o& a candidate and it is the one b" which he is #ene%all" o% !o!'la%l" known in the localit"( the na+e shall be co'nted in &a$o% o& said candidate( i& the%e is no othe% candidate &o% the sa+e o&&ice with the sa+e nickna+e. 13. An" $ote containin# initials onl" o% which is ille#ible o% which does not s'&&icientl" identi&" the candidate &o% who+ it is intended shall be conside%ed as a st%a" $ote b't shall not in$alidate the whole ballot.

14. I& on the ballot is co%%ectl" w%itten the &i%st na+e o& a candidate b't with a di&&e%ent s'%na+e( o% the s'%na+e o& the candidate is co%%ectl" w%itten b't with di&&e%ent &i%st na+e( the $ote shall not be co'nted in &a$o% o& an" candidate ha$in# s'ch &i%st na+e andIo% s'%na+e b't the ballot shall be conside%ed $alid &o% othe% candidates. 1<. An" ballot w%itten with c%a"on( lead !encil( o% in ink( wholl" o% in !a%t( shall be $alid. 1>. :he%e the%e a%e two o% +o%e candidates $oted &o% in an o&&ice &o% which the law a'tho%i8es the election o& onl" one( the $ote shall not be co'nted in &a$o% o& an" o& the+( b't this shall not a&&ect the $alidit" o& the othe% $otes the%ein. 1?. I& the candidates $oted &o% e)ceed the n'+be% o& those to be elected( the ballot is $alid( b't the $otes shall be co'nted onl" in &a$o% o& the candidates whose na+es we%e &i%stl" w%itten b" the $ote% within the s!aces !%o$ided &o% said o&&ice in the ballot 'ntil the a'tho%i8ed n'+be% is co$e%ed. 1.. An" $ote in &a$o% o& a !e%son who has not &iled a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" o% in &a$o% o& a candidate &o% an o&&ice &o% which he did not !%esent hi+sel& shall be conside%ed as a st%a" $ote b't it shall not in$alidate the whole ballot. /. 2allots containin# the na+e o& a candidate !%inted and !asted on a blank s!ace o& the ballot o% a&&i)ed the%eto th%o'#h an" +echanical !%ocess a%e totall" n'll and $oid. 1. Ci%cles( c%osses o% lines !'t on the s!aces on which the $ote% has not $oted shall be conside%ed as si#ns to indicate his desistance &%o+ $otin# and shall not in$alidate the ballot. . ,nless it sho'ld clea%l" a!!ea% that the" ha$e been delibe%atel" !'t b" the $ote% to se%$e as identi&ication +a%ks( co++as( dots( lines( o% h"!hens between the &i%st na+e and s'%na+e o& a candidate( o% in othe% !a%ts o& the ballot( t%aces o& the lette% JTJ( JBJ( and othe% si+ila% ones( the &i%st lette%s o% s"llables o& na+es which the $ote% does not contin'e( the 'se o& two o% +o%e kinds o& w%itin# and 'nintentional o% accidental &lo'%ishes( st%okes( o% st%ains( shall not in$alidate the ballot. *. An" ballot which clea%l" a!!ea%s to ha$e been &illed b" two distinct !e%sons be&o%e it was de!osited in the ballot bo) d'%in# the $otin# is totall" n'll and $oid.

3. An" $ote cast in &a$o% o& a candidate who has been dis9'ali&ied b" &inal ;'d#+ent shall be conside%ed as st%a" and shall not be co'nted b't it shall not in$alidate the ballot. 4. 2allots wholl" w%itten in A%abic in localities whe%e it is o& #ene%al 'se a%e $alid. To %ead the+( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s +a" e+!lo" an inte%!%ete% who shall take an oath that he shall %ead the $otes co%%ectl". <. The accidental tea%in# o% !e%&o%ation o& a ballot does not ann'l it. >. =ail'%e to %e+o$e the detachable co'!on &%o+ a ballot does not ann'l s'ch ballot. ?. A $ote &o% the P%esident shall also be a $ote &o% the ViceP%esident %'nnin# 'nde% the sa+e ticket o& a !olitical !a%t"( 'nless the $ote% $otes &o% a Vice-P%esident who does not belon# to s'ch !a%t". Sec. 1 . Election %et'%ns. - The boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall !%e!a%e the election %et'%ns si+'ltaneo'sl" with the co'ntin# o& the $otes in the !ollin# !lace as !%esc%ibed in Section 1/ he%eo&. The %et'%n shall be !%e!a%ed in se)t'!licate. The %eco%din# o& $otes shall be +ade as !%esc%ibed in said section. The ent%" o& $otes in wo%ds and &i#'%es &o% each candidate shall be closed with the si#nat'%e and the clea% i+!%int o& the th'+b+a%k o& the %i#ht hand o& all the +e+be%s( likewise to be a&&i)ed in &'ll $iew o& the !'blic( i++ediatel" a&te% the last $ote %eco%ded o% i++ediatel" a&te% the na+e o& the candidate who did not %ecei$e an" $ote. The %et'%ns shall also show the date o& the election( the !ollin# !lace( the ba%an#a" and the cit" o& +'nici!alit" in which it was held( the total n'+be% o& ballots &o'nd in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots( the total n'+be% o& $alid ballots withd%awn &%o+ the co+!a%t+ent &o% s!oiled ballots beca'se the" we%e e%%oneo'sl" !laced the%ein( the total n'+be% o& e)cess ballots( the total n'+be% o& +a%ked o% $oid ballots( and the total n'+be% o& $otes obtained b" each candidate( w%itin# o't the said n'+be% in wo%ds and &i#'%es and( at the end the%eo&( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall ce%ti&" that the contents a%e co%%ect. The %et'%ns shall be acco+!lished in a sin#le sheet o& !a!e%( b't i& this is not !ossible( additional sheets +a" be 'sed which shall be !%e!a%ed in the sa+e +anne% as the &i%st sheet and likewise ce%ti&ied b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The Co++ission shall take ste!s so that the ent%ies on the &i%st co!" o& the election %et'%ns a%e clea%l" %e!%od'ced on the second( thi%d( &o'%th(

&i&th( and si)th co!ies the%eo&( and &o% this !'%!ose the Co++ission shall 'se a s!ecial kind o& !a!e%. I++ediatel" '!on the acco+!lish+ent o& the election %et'%ns( each co!" the%eo& shall be sealed in the !%esence o& the watche%s and the !'blic( and !laced in the !%o!e% en$elo!e( which shall likewise be sealed and dist%ib'ted as he%ein !%o$ided. An" election %et'%n with a se!a%atel" !%inted se%ial n'+be% o% which bea%s a di&&e%ent se%ial n'+be% &%o+ that assi#ned to the !a%tic'la% !ollin# !lace conce%ned shall not be can$assed. This is to be dete%+ined b" the boa%d o& can$asse%s !%io% to its can$assin# on the basis o& the ce%ti&ication o& the !%o$incial( cit" o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e% as to the se%ial n'+be% o& the election %et'%n assi#ned to the said $otin# !%ecinct( 'nless the Co++ission shall o%de% in w%itin# &o% its can$assin#( statin# the %eason &o% the $a%iance in se%ial n'+be%s. I& the si#nat'%es andIo% th'+b+a%ks o& the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% so+e o& the+ as %e9'i%ed in this !%o$ision a%e +issin# in the election %et'%ns( the boa%d o& can$asse%s +a" s'++on the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s conce%ned to co+!lete the %et'%ns. Sec. 1*. P%ocla+ation o& the %es'lt o& the election in the !ollin# !lace. ,!on the co+!letion o& the election %et'%ns( the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall o%all" and !'blicl" anno'nce the total n'+be% o& $otes %ecei$ed in the election in the !ollin# !lace b" each and e$e%" one o& the candidates( statin# thei% co%%es!ondin# o&&ice. Sec. 13. @is!osition o& election %et'%ns. - 617 In a !%esidential electionthe boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall !%e!a%e in handw%itin# and si#n the %et'%ns o& the election in se)t'!licate in thei% %es!ecti$e !ollin# !lace in a &o%+ to be !%esc%ibed b" the Co++ission. One co!" shall be de!osited in the co+!a%t+ent o& the ballot bo) &o% $alid ballots( and in the case o& +'nici!alities two co!ies incl'din# the o%i#inal co!" shall be handed to the +'nici!al election %e#ist%a% who shall i++ediatel" deli$e% the o%i#inal co!" to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and &o%wa%d the othe% co!" to the Co++ission( and one co!" each to the a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es o& the acc%edited !olitical !a%ties. In the case o& the cities( the cit" %e#ist%a% shall %etain the o%i#inal co!" &o% s'b+ission to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%( and &o%wa%d the othe% co!" to the Co++ission. 6 7 In the election &o% 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa- the o%i#inal o& the election %et'%ns shall be deli$e%ed to the election %e#ist%a% o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit" &o% t%ans+ittal to the chai%+an o& the !%o$incial boa%d o& can$asse%s( and di%ect to the chai%+an o& the cit" o% dist%ict boa%d o&

can$asse%s in the '%bani8ed cities and the dist%icts o& 1et%o!olitan 1anila( as the case +a" be( &o% 'se in the can$ass. The second co!" shall likewise be deli$e%ed to the election %e#ist%a% &o% t%ans+ittal to the Co++ission. The thi%d co!" shall be de!osited in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots. The &o'%th co!" shall be deli$e%ed to the election %e#ist%a% who shall 'se said co!" in the tab'lation o& the ad$ance %es'lts o& the election in the cit" o% +'nici!alit". The &i&th and si)th co!ies shall each %es!ecti$el" be deli$e%ed to the +e+be%s %e!%esentin# !olitical !a%ties %e!%esented in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. 6*7 In local elections- the o%i#inal co!" o& the election %et'%ns shall be deli$e%ed to the cit" o% +'nici!al boa%d o& can$asse%s as a bod" &o% its 'se in the cit" o& +'nici!al can$ass. The second co!" shall be deli$e%ed to the election %e#ist%a% o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit" &o% t%ans+ittal to the !%o$incial boa%d o& can$asse%s as a bod" &o% its 'se in the !%o$incial can$ass. The thi%d co!" shall likewise be deli$e%ed to the election %e#ist%a% &o% t%ans+ittal to the Co++ission. The &o'%th co!" shall be de!osited in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots. The &i&th and si)th co!ies shall each %es!ecti$el" be deli$e%ed to the +e+be%s %e!%esentin# the !olitical !a%ties %e!%esented in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The Co++ission shall !%o+'l#ate %'les &o% the s!eed" and sa&e deli$e%" o& the election %et'%ns. Sec. 14. 2oa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to iss'e a ce%ti&icate o& the n'+be% o& $otes !olled b" the candidates &o% an o&&ice to the watche%s. - A&te% the anno'nce+ent o& the %es'lts o& the election and be&o%e lea$in# the !ollin# !lace( it shall be the d't" o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to iss'e a ce%ti&icate o& the n'+be% o& the $otes %ecei$ed b" a candidate '!on %e9'est o& the watche%s. All the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall si#n the ce%ti&icate. Sec. 1<. Alte%ations and co%%ections in the election %et'%ns. - An" co%%ection o% alte%ation +ade in the election( %et'%ns b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s be&o%e the anno'nce+ent o& the %es'lts o& the election in the !ollin# !lace shall be d'l" initialed b" all the +e+be%s the%eo&. A&te% the anno'nce+ent o& the %es'lts o& the election in the !ollin# !lace has been +ade( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall not +ake an" alte%ation o% a+end+ent in an" o& the co!ies o& the election %et'%ns( 'nless so o%de%ed b" the Co++ission '!on !etition o& the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s within &i$e da"s &%o+ the date o& the election o% twent"-&o'% ho'%s &%o+ the ti+e a co!" o& the election %et'%ns conce%ned is o!ened b" the boa%d o& can$asse%s( whiche$e% is ea%lie%. The !etition shall be acco+!anied b" !%oo& o& se%$ice '!on all candidates a&&ected. I& the !etition is b" all +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election

ins!ecto%s and the %es'lts o& the election wo'ld not be a&&ected b" said co%%ection and none o& the candidates a&&ected ob;ects the%eto( the Co++ission( '!on bein# satis&ied o& the $e%acit" o& the !etition and o& the e%%o% alle#ed the%ein( shall o%de% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to +ake the !%o!e% co%%ection on the election %et'%ns. 5owe$e%( i& a candidate a&&ected b" said !etition ob;ects the%eto( whethe% the !etition is &iled b" all o% onl" a +a;o%it" o& the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and the %es'lts o& the election wo'ld be a&&ected b" the co%%ection so'#ht to be +ade( the Co++ission shall !%oceed s'++a%il" to hea% the !etition. I& it &inds the !etition +e%ito%io's and the%e a%e no e$idence o% si#ns indicatin# that the identit" and inte#%it" o& the ballot bo) ha$e been $iolated( the Co++ission shall o%de% the o!enin# o& the ballot bo). A&te% satis&"in# itsel& that the inte#%it" o& the ballots the%ein has also been d'l" !%ese%$ed( the Co++ission shall o%de% the %eco'ntin# o& the $otes o& the candidates a&&ected and the !%o!e% co%%ections +ade on the election %et'%ns( 'nless the co%%ection so'#ht is s'ch that it can be +ade witho't need o& o!enin# the ballot bo). Sec. 1>. @eli$e%" o& the ballot bo)es( ke"s and election s'!!lies and doc'+ents. - ,!on the te%+ination o& the co'ntin# o& $otes( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall !lace in the co+!a%t+ent &o% $alid ballots( the en$elo!es &o% 'sed ballots he%einbe&o%e %e&e%%ed to( the 'n'sed ballots( the tall" boa%d o% sheet( a co!" o& the election %et'%ns( and the +in'tes o& its !%oceedin#s( and then shall lock the ballot bo) with th%ee !adlocks and s'ch sa&et" de$ices as the Co++ission +a" !%esc%ibe. I++ediatel" a&te% the bo) is locked( the th%ee ke"s o& the !adlocks shall be !laced in th%ee se!a%ate en$elo!es and shall be sealed and si#ned b" all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es o& the Co++ission shall &o%thwith take deli$e%" o& said en$elo!es( si#nin# a %ecei!t the%e&o%( and deli$e% witho't dela" one en$elo!e to the !%o$incial t%eas'%e%( anothe% to the !%o$incial &iscal and the othe% to the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%. The ballot bo)( all s'!!lies o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and all !e%tinent !a!e%s and doc'+ents shall i++ediatel" be deli$e%ed b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and the watche%s to the cit" o% +'nici!al t%eas'%e% who shall kee! his o&&ice o!en all ni#ht on the da" o& election i& necessa%" &o% this !'%!ose( and shall !%o$ide the necessa%" &acilities &o% said deli$e%" at the e)!ense o& the cit" o% +'nici!alit". The book o& $ote%s shall be %et'%ned to the election %e#ist%a% who shall kee! it 'nde% his c'stod". The t%eas'%e% and the election %e#ist%a%( as the case +a" be( shall on the da" a&te% the election %e9'i%e the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s who &ailed to send the ob;ects %e&e%%ed to he%ein to deli$e% the sa+e to hi+ i++ediatel" and acknowled#e %ecei!t the%eo& in detail.

Sec. 1?. P%ese%$ation o& the $otin# %eco%d. - The $otin# %eco%d o& each !ollin# !lace shall be deli$e%ed to the election %e#ist%a% who shall ha$e c'stod" o& the sa+e( kee!in# the+ in a sa&e !lace( 'ntil s'ch ti+e that the Co++ission shall #i$e inst%'ctions on thei% dis!osition. Sec. 1.. P%ese%$ation o& the ballot bo)es( thei% ke"s and dis!osition o& thei% contents. - 6a7 The !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso%( the !%o$incial t%eas'%e% and the !%o$incial &iscal shall kee! the en$elo!e containin# the ke"s in thei% !ossession intact d'%in# the !e%iod o& th%ee +onths &ollowin# the election. ,!on the la!se o& this !e%iod( 'nless the Co++ission has o%de%ed othe%wise( the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% and the !%o$incial &iscal shall deli$e% to the !%o$incial t%eas'%e% the en$elo!e containin# the ke"s 'nde% thei% c'stod". 6b7 The cit" and +'nici!al t%eas'%e% shall kee! the ballot bo)es 'nde% thei% %es!onsibilit" &o% th%ee +onths and sto%ed 'no!ened in a sec'%e !lace( 'nless the Co++ission o%de%s othe%wise whene$e% said ballot bo)es a%e needed in an" !olitical e)e%cise which +i#ht be called within the said !e%iod( !%o$ided these a%e not in$ol$ed in an" election contest o% o&&icial in$esti#ation( o% the Co++ission o% othe% co+!etent a'tho%it" shall de+and the+ soone% o% shall o%de% thei% !%ese%$ation &o% a lon#e% ti+e in connection with an" !endin# contest o% in$esti#ation. 5owe$e%( '!on showin# b" an" candidate that the bo)es will be in dan#e% o& bein# $iolated i& ke!t in the !ossession o& s'ch o&&icials( the Co++ission +a" o%de% the+ ke!t b" an" othe% o&&icial who+ it +a" desi#nate. ,!on the la!se o& said ti+e and i& the%e sho'ld be no o%de% to the cont%a%"( the Co++ission +a" a'tho%i8e the cit" and +'nici!al t%eas'%e% in the !%esence o& its %e!%esentati$e to o!en the bo)es and b'%n thei% contents( e)ce!t the co!" o& the +in'tes o& the $otin# and the election %et'%ns de!osited the%ein which the" shall take and kee!. 6c7 In case o& cala+it" o% &o%t'ito's e$ent s'ch as &i%e( &lood( sto%+( o% othe% si+ila% cala+ities which +a" act'all" ca'se da+a#e to the ballot bo)es andIo% thei% contents( the Co++ission +a" a'tho%i8e the o!enin# o& said ballot bo)es to sal$a#e the ballots and othe% contents b" !lacin# the+ in othe% ballot bo)es( takin# s'ch othe% !%eca'tiona%" +eas'%es as +a" be necessa%" to !%ese%$e s'ch doc'+ents. Sec. /. @oc'+ents and a%ticles o+itted o% e%%oneo'sl" !laced inside the ballot bo). - I& a&te% the deli$e%" o& the ke"s o& the ballot bo) to the !%o!e% a'tho%ities( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall disco$e% that so+e doc'+ents o% a%ticles %e9'i%ed to be !laced in the ballot bo) we%e not !laced the%ein( the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( instead o& o!enin# the ballot bo) in o%de% to !lace the%ein said doc'+ents o% a%ticles( shall deli$e% the sa+e to the Co++ission o% its d'l" a'tho%i8ed %e!%esentati$es. In no instance shall the ballot bo) be %eo!ened to !lace

the%ein o% take o't the%e&%o+ an" doc'+ent o% a%ticle e)ce!t to %et%ie$e co!ies o& the election %et'%ns which will be needed in an" can$ass and in s'ch e)ce!ted instances( the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and watche%s o& the candidates shall be noti&ied o& the ti+e and !lace o& the o!enin# o& said ballot bo)- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That i& the%e a%e othe% co!ies o& the election %et'%ns o'tside o& the ballot bo) which can be 'sed in can$ass( s'ch co!ies o& the election %et'%ns shall be 'sed in said can$ass and the o!enin# o& the ballot bo) to %et%ie$e co!ies o& the election %et'%ns !laced the%ein shall then be dis!ensed with. ARTICLE GIG. CANVASS AN@ PROCLA1ATION Sec. 1. 2oa%d o& can$asse%s. - The%e shall be a boa%d o& can$asse%s &o% each !%o$ince( cit"( +'nici!alit"( and dist%ict o& 1et%o!olitan 1anila as &ollows6a7 P%o$incial boa%d o& can$asse%s. - the !%o$incial boa%d o& can$asse%s shall be co+!osed o& the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% o% a senio% law"e% in the %e#ional o&&ice o& the Co++ission( as chai%+an( the !%o$incial &iscal( as $ice-chai%+an( and the !%o$incial s'!e%intendent o& schools( and one %e!%esentati$e &%o+ each o& the %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !olitical !a%t" in the constit'enc" conce%ned entitled to be %e!%esented( as +e+be%s. 6b7 Cit" boa%d o& can$asse%s. - the cit" boa%d o& can$asse%s shall be co+!osed o& the cit" election %e#ist%a% o% a law"e% o& the Co++ission( as chai%+an( the cit" &iscal and the cit" s'!e%intendent o& schools( and one %e!%esentati$e &%o+ each o& the %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !olitical !a%t" entitled to be %e!%esented( as +e+be%s. 6c7 @ist%ict boa%d o& can$asse%s o& 1et%o!olitan 1anila - the dist%ict boa%d o& can$asse%s shall be co+!osed o& a law"e% o& the Co++ission( as chai%+an( and a %ankin# &iscal in the dist%ict and the +ost senio% dist%ict school s'!e%$iso% in the dist%ict to be a!!ointed '!on cons'ltation with the 1inist%" o& B'stice and the 1inist%" o& Ed'cation( C'lt'%e and S!o%ts( %es!ecti$el"( and one %e!%esentati$e &%o+ each o& the %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !olitical !a%t" in the constit'enc" conce%ned( as +e+be%s. 6d7 1'nici!al boa%d o& can$asse%s. - the +'nici!al boa%d o& can$asse%s shall be co+!osed o& the election %e#ist%a% o% a %e!%esentati$e o& the Co++ission( as chai%+an( the +'nici!al t%eas'%e%( and the dist%ict s'!e%$iso% o% in his absence an" !'blic school !%inci!al in the +'nici!alit" and one %e!%esentati$e &%o+ each o& the %'lin# !a%t" and the

do+inant o!!osition !olitical !a%t" entitled to be %e!%esented( as +e+be%s. 6e7 2oa%d o& can$asse%s &o% newl" c%eated !olitical s'bdi$isions - the Co++ission shall constit'te a boa%d o& can$asse%s and a!!oint the +e+be%s the%eo& &o% the &i%st election in a newl" c%eated !%o$ince( cit" o% +'nici!alit" in case the o&&icials who shall act as +e+be%s the%eo& ha$e not "et ass'+ed thei% d'ties and &'nctions. Sec. . Relationshi! with candidates and othe% +e+be%s. - The chai%+an and the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall not be %elated within the &o'%th ci$il de#%ee o& consan#'init" o% a&&init" to an" o& the candidates whose $otes will be can$assed b" said boa%d( o% to an" +e+be% o& the sa+e boa%d. Sec. *. P%ohibition a#ainst lea$in# o&&icial station. - @'%in# the !e%iod be#innin# election da" 'ntil the !%ocla+ation o& the winnin# candidates( no +e+be% o% s'bstit'te +e+be% o& the di&&e%ent boa%ds o& can$asse%s shall be t%ans&e%%ed( assi#ned o% detailed o'tside o& his o&&icial station( no% shall he lea$e said station witho't !%io% a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission. Sec. 3. =ei#ned illness. - An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s &ei#nin# illness in o%de% to be s'bstit'ted on election da" 'ntil the !%ocla+ation o& the winnin# candidates shall be #'ilt" o& an election o&&ense. Sec. 4. Vote %e9'i%ed. - A +a;o%it" $ote o& all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall be necessa%" to %ende% a decision. Sec. <. Inca!acit" and s'bstit'tion o& +e+be%s o& boa%ds o&

can$asse%s. - In case o& non-a$ailabilit"( absence( dis9'ali&ication d'e to %elationshi!( o% inca!acit" &o% an" ca'se o& the chai%+an( the Co++ission shall desi#nate the !%o$incial o% cit" &iscal to act as chai%+an. Likewise( in case o& non-a$ailabilit"( absence( dis9'ali&ication d'e to %elationshi!( o% inca!acit" &o% an" ca'se( o& s'ch desi#nee( the ne)t %ankin# !%o$incial o% cit" &iscal shall be desi#nated b" the Co++ission and s'ch desi#nation shall !ass to the ne)t in %ank 'ntil the desi#nee 9'ali&ies. :ith %es!ect to the othe% +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s( the Co++ission shall a!!oint as s'bstit'te the !%o$incial( cit" o% +'nici!al o&&ice%s o& othe% #o$e%n+ent a#encies in the !%o$ince( cit" o% +'nici!alit"( as the case +a" be( and with %es!ect to the %e!%esentati$es o& the acc%edited !olitical !a%ties( the Co++ission shall a!!oint as s'bstit'tes those no+inated b" the said !olitical !a%ties.

Sec. >. S'!e%$ision and cont%ol o$e% boa%d o& can$asse%s. - The Co++ission shall ha$e di%ect cont%ol and s'!e%$ision o$e% the boa%d o& can$asse%s. An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s +a"( at an" ti+e( be %elie$ed &o% ca'se and s'bstit'ted +ot' !%o!%io b" the Co++ission. Sec. ?. Notice o& +eetin# o& the boa%d. - At least &i$e da"s be&o%e the +eetin# o& the boa%d( the chai%+an o& the boa%d shall #i$e notice to all +e+be%s the%eo& and to each candidate and !olitical !a%t" o& the date( ti+e and !lace o& the +eetin#. Sec. .. 1anne% o& deli$e%" and t%ans+ittal o& election %et'%ns. - 6a7 =o% the cit" and +'nici!al boa%d o& can$asse%s( the co!" o& the election %et'%ns o& a !ollin# !lace intended &o% the cit" o% +'nici!al boa%d o& can$asse%s( d'l" !laced inside a sealed en$elo!e si#ned and a&&i)ed with the i+!%int o& the th'+b o& the %i#ht hand o& all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( shall be !e%sonall" deli$e%ed b" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to the cit" o% +'nici!al boa%d o& can$asse%s 'nde% !%o!e% %ecei!t to be si#ned b" all the +e+be%s the%eo&. 6b7 =o% the !%o$incial and dist%ict boa%ds o& can$asse%s in 1et%o!olitan 1anila( the co!" o& the election %et'%ns o& a !ollin# !lace intended &o% the !%o$incial o% dist%ict boa%d o& can$asse%s in the case o& 1et%o!olitan 1anila( shall be !e%sonall" deli$e%ed b" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to the election %e#ist%a% &o% t%ans+ittal to the !%o!e% boa%d o& can$asse%s 'nde% !%o!e% %ecei!t to be si#ned b" all the +e+be%s the%eo&. The election %e#ist%a% conce%ned shall !lace all the %et'%ns intended &o% the boa%d o& can$asse%s inside a ballot bo) !%o$ided with th%ee !adlocks whose ke"s shall be ke!t as &ollows- one b" the election %e#ist%a%( anothe% b" the %e!%esentati$e o& the %'lin# !a%t" and the thi%d b" the %e!%esentati$e o& the do+inant !olitical o!!osition !a%t". =o% this !'%!ose( the two !olitical !a%ties shall desi#nate thei% %e!%esentati$es whose na+es shall be s'b+itted to the election %e#ist%a% conce%ned on o% be&o%e the tenth da" !%ecedin# the election. The th%ee in !ossession o& the ke"s shall !e%sonall" t%ans+it the ballot bo)( !%o!e%l" locked( containin# the election %et'%ns to the boa%d o& can$asse%s. :atche%s o& !olitical !a%ties( coalition o& !olitical !a%ties( and o& o%#ani8ations collecti$el" a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission to desi#nate watche%s shall ha$e the %i#ht to acco+!an" t%ans+ittal o& the ballot bo)es containin# the election %et'%ns.

It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son to dela"( obst%'ct( i+!ede o% !%e$ent th%o'#h &o%ce( $iolence( coe%cion( inti+idation o% b" an" +eans which $itiates consent( the t%ans+ittal o& the election %et'%ns o% to take awa"( abscond with( dest%o"( de&ace o% +'tilate o% s'bstit'te the election %et'%ns o% the en$elo!e o% the ballot bo) containin# the election %et'%ns o% to $iolate the %i#ht o& the watche%s. The watche%s o& the !olitical !a%ties( coalition o& !olitical !a%ties and the candidates shall ha$e the %i#ht to acco+!an" the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% the election %e#ist%a% in +akin# the deli$e%" to the boa%ds o& can$asse%s. Sec. */. Sa&ekee!in# o& t%ans+itted election %et'%ns. - The boa%d o& can$asse%s shall kee! the ballot bo)es containin# the election %et'%ns in a sa&e and sec'%e %oo+ be&o%e and a&te% the can$ass. The doo% to the %oo+ +'st be !adlocked b" th%ee locks with the ke"s the%eo& ke!t as &ollowsone with the chai%+an( the othe% with the %e!%esentati$e o& the %'lin# !a%t"( and the othe% with the %e!%esentati$e o& the do+inant o!!osition !olitical !a%t". The watche%s o& candidates( !olitical !a%ties( coalition o& !olitical !a%ties and o%#ani8ation collecti$el" a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission to a!!oint watche%s shall ha$e the %i#ht to #'a%d the %oo+. Violation o& this %i#ht shall constit'te an election o&&ense. Sec. *1. Can$ass b" the boa%d. - The boa%d o& can$asse%s shall +eet not late% than si) oAclock in the a&te%noon o& election da" at the !lace desi#nated b" the Co++ission to %ecei$e the election %et'%ns and to i++ediatel" can$ass those that +a" ha$e al%ead" been %ecei$ed. It shall +eet contin'o'sl" &%o+ da" to da" 'ntil the can$ass is co+!leted( and +a" ad;o'%n b't onl" &o% the !'%!ose o& awaitin# the othe% election %et'%ns &%o+ othe% !ollin# !laces within its ;'%isdiction. Each ti+e the boa%d ad;o'%ns( it shall +ake a total o& all the $otes can$assed so &a% &o% each candidate &o% each o&&ice( &'%nishin# the Co++ission in 1anila b" the &astest +eans o& co++'nication a ce%ti&ied co!" the%eo&( and +akin# a$ailable the data contained the%ein to the +ass +edia and othe% inte%ested !a%ties. As soon as the othe% election %et'%ns a%e deli$e%ed( the boa%d shall i++ediatel" %es'+e can$assin# 'ntil all the %et'%ns ha$e been can$assed. The %es!ecti$e boa%d o& can$asse%s shall !%e!a%e a ce%ti&icate o& can$ass d'l" si#ned and a&&i)ed with the i+!%int o& the th'+b o& the %i#ht hand o& each +e+be%( s'!!o%ted b" a state+ent o& the $otes %ecei$ed b" each candidate in each !ollin# !lace and( on the basis the%eo&( shall !%oclai+ as elected the candidates who obtained the hi#hest n'+be% o& $otes cast in the !%o$ince( cit"( +'nici!alit" o% ba%an#a". =ail'%e to co+!l" with this %e9'i%e+ent shall constit'te an election o&&ense.

S'b;ect to %easonable e)ce!tions( the boa%d o& can$asse%s +'st co+!lete thei% can$ass within thi%t"-si) ho'%s in +'nici!alities( &o%t"-ei#ht ho'%s in cities and se$ent"-two ho'%s in !%o$inces. Violation he%eo& shall be an election o&&ense !'nishable 'nde% Section <3 he%eo&. :ith %es!ect to the election &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident( the !%o$incial and cit" boa%ds o& can$asse%s shall !%e!a%e in 9'int'!licate a ce%ti&icate o& can$ass s'!!o%ted b" a state+ent o& $otes %ecei$ed b" each candidate in each !ollin# !lace and t%ans+it the &i%st co!" the%eo& to the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. The second co!" shall be t%ans+itted to the Co++ission( the thi%d co!" shall be ke!t b" the !%o$incial election s'!e%$iso% o% cit" election %e#ist%a%0 the &o'%th and the &i&th co!ies to each o& the two acc%edited !olitical !a%ties. Sec. * . Pe%sons not allowed inside the can$assin# %oo+. - It shall be 'nlaw&'l &o% an" o&&ice% o% +e+be% o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( incl'din# the Phili!!ine Constab'la%"( o% the Inte#%ated National Police o% an" !eace o&&ice% o% an" a%+ed o% 'na%+ed !e%sons belon#in# to an e)t%a-le#al !olice a#enc"( s!ecial &o%ces( %eaction &o%ces( st%ike &o%ces( ho+e de&ense &o%ces( ba%an#a" sel&-de&ense 'nits( ba%an#a" tanod( o% o& an" +e+be% o& the sec'%it" o% !olice o%#ani8ations o& #o$e%n+ent +inist%ies( co++issions( co'ncils( b'%ea's( o&&ices( inst%'+entalities( o% #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations o% thei% s'bsidia%ies o% o& an" +e+be% o& a !%i$atel" owned o% o!e%ated sec'%it"( in$esti#ati$e( !%otecti$e o% intelli#ence a#enc" !e%&o%+in# identical o% si+ila% &'nctions to ente% the %oo+ whe%e the can$assin# o& the election %et'%ns a%e held b" the boa%d o& can$asse%s and within a %adi's o& &i&t" +ete%s &%o+ s'ch %oo+- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That the boa%d o& can$asse%s b" a +a;o%it" $ote( i& it dee+s necessa%"( +a" +ake a call in w%itin# &o% the detail o& !olice+en o% an" !eace o&&ice%s &o% thei% !%otection o% &o% the !%otection o& the election doc'+ents and !a%a!he%nalia in the !ossession o& the boa%d( o% &o% the +aintenance o& !eace and o%de%( in which case said !olice+en o% !eace o&&ice%s( who shall be in !%o!e% 'ni&o%+( shall sta" o'tside the %oo+ within a %adi's o& thi%t" +ete%s nea% eno'#h to be easil" called b" the boa%d o& can$asse%s at an" ti+e. Sec. **. :hen the election %et'%ns a%e dela"ed( lost o% dest%o"ed. - In case its co!" o& the election %et'%ns is +issin#( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall( b" +essen#e% o% othe%wise( obtain s'ch +issin# election %et'%ns &%o+ the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s conce%ned( o% i& said %et'%ns ha$e been lost o% dest%o"ed( the boa%d o& can$asse%s( '!on !%io% a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission( +a" 'se an" o& the a'thentic co!ies o& said election %et'%ns o% a ce%ti&ied co!" o& said election %et'%ns iss'ed b" the Co++ission( and &o%thwith di%ect its %e!%esentati$e to in$esti#ate the case and i++ediatel" %e!o%t the +atte% to the Co++ission.

The boa%d o& can$asse%s( notwithstandin# the &act that not all the election %et'%ns ha$e been %ecei$ed b" it( +a" te%+inate the can$ass and !%oclai+ the candidates elected on the basis o& the a$ailable election %et'%ns i& the +issin# election %et'%ns will not a&&ect the %es'lts o& the election. Sec. *3. 1ate%ial de&ects in the election %et'%ns. - I& it sho'ld clea%l" a!!ea% that so+e %e9'isites in &o%+ o% data had been o+itted in the election %et'%ns( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall call &o% all the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s conce%ned b" the +ost e)!editio's +eans( &o% the sa+e boa%d to e&&ect the co%%ection- P%o$ided( That in case o& the o+ission in the election %et'%ns o& the na+e o& an" candidate andIo% his co%%es!ondin# $otes( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall %e9'i%e the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s conce%ned to co+!lete the necessa%" data in the election %et'%ns and a&&i) the%ein thei% initials- P%o$ided( &'%the%( That i& the $otes o+itted in the %et'%ns cannot be asce%tained b" othe% +eans e)ce!t b" %eco'ntin# the ballots( the Co++ission( a&te% satis&"in# itsel& that the identit" and inte#%it" o& the ballot bo) ha$e not been $iolated( shall o%de% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to o!en the ballot bo)( and( also a&te% satis&"in# itsel& that the inte#%it" o& the ballots the%ein has been d'l" !%ese%$ed( o%de% the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to co'nt the $otes &o% the candidate whose $otes ha$e been o+itted with notice the%eo& to all candidates &o% the !osition in$ol$ed and the%ea&te% co+!lete the %et'%ns. The %i#ht o& a candidate to a$ail o& this !%o$ision shall not be lost o% a&&ected b" the &act that an election !%otest is s'bse9'entl" &iled b" an" o& the candidates. Sec. *4. :hen election %et'%ns a!!ea% to be ta+!e%ed with o% &alsi&ied. I& the election %et'%ns s'b+itted to the boa%d o& can$asse%s a!!ea% to be ta+!e%ed with( alte%ed o% &alsi&ied a&te% the" ha$e le&t the hands o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( o% othe%wise not a'thentic( o% we%e !%e!a%ed b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s 'nde% d'%ess( &o%ce( inti+idation( o% !%e!a%ed b" !e%sons othe% than the +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall 'se the othe% co!ies o& said election %et'%ns and( i& necessa%"( the co!" inside the ballot bo) which '!on !%e$io's a'tho%it" #i$en b" the Co++ission +a" be %et%ie$ed in acco%dance with Section / he%eo&. I& the othe% co!ies o& the %et'%ns a%e likewise ta+!e%ed with( alte%ed( &alsi&ied( not a'thentic( !%e!a%ed 'nde% d'%ess( &o%ce( inti+idation( o% !%e!a%ed b" !e%sons othe% than the +e+be%s o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( the boa%d o& can$asse%s o% an" candidate a&&ected shall b%in# the +atte% to the attention o& the Co++ission. The Co++ission shall then( a&te% #i$in# notice to all candidates conce%ned and a&te% satis&"in# itsel& that nothin# in the ballot bo) indicate that its identit" and inte#%it" ha$e been $iolated( o%de% the o!enin# o& the ballot bo) and( likewise a&te% satis&"in# itsel& that the inte#%it" o& the ballots the%ein has been d'l" !%ese%$ed shall o%de% the

boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s to %eco'nt the $otes o& the candidates a&&ected and !%e!a%e a new %et'%n which shall then be 'sed b" the boa%d o& can$asse%s as basis o& the can$ass. Sec. *<. @isc%e!ancies in election %et'%ns. - In case it a!!ea%s to the boa%d o& can$asse%s that the%e e)ists disc%e!ancies in the othe% a'thentic co!ies o& the election %et'%ns &%o+ a !ollin# !lace o% disc%e!ancies in the $otes o& an" candidate in wo%ds and &i#'%es in the sa+e %et'%n( and in eithe% case the di&&e%ence a&&ects the %es'lts o& the election( the Co++ission( '!on +otion o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s o% an" candidate a&&ected and a&te% d'e notice to all candidates conce%ned( shall !%oceed s'++a%il" to dete%+ine whethe% the inte#%it" o& the ballot bo) had been !%ese%$ed( and once satis&ied the%eo& shall o%de% the o!enin# o& the ballot bo) to %eco'nt the $otes cast in the !ollin# !lace solel" &o% the !'%!ose o& dete%+inin# the t%'e %es'lt o& the co'nt o& $otes o& the candidates conce%ned. Sec. *>. :hen inte#%it" o& ballots is $iolated. - I& '!on the o!enin# o& the ballot bo) as o%de%ed b" the Co++ission 'nde% Sections *3( *4 and *<( he%eo&( it sho'ld a!!ea% that the%e a%e e$idence o% si#ns o& %e!lace+ent( ta+!e%in# o% $iolation o& the inte#%it" o& the ballots( the Co++ission shall not %eco'nt the ballots b't shall &o%thwith seal the ballot bo) and o%de% its sa&ekee!in#. Sec. *?. Can$ass o& %e+ainin# o% 'n9'estioned %et'%ns to contin'e. - In cases 'nde% Sections **( *3( *4 and *< he%eo&( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall contin'e the can$ass o& the %e+ainin# o% 'n9'estioned election %et'%ns. I&( a&te% the can$ass o& all the said %et'%ns( it sho'ld be dete%+ined that the %et'%ns which ha$e been set aside will a&&ect the %es'lt o& the election( no !%ocla+ation shall be +ade e)ce!t '!on o%de%s o& the Co++ission a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#. An" !%ocla+ation +ade in $iolation he%eo& shall be n'll and $oid. Sec. *.. :atche%s. - Each candidate( !olitical !a%t" o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties shall be entitled to a!!oint one watche% in the boa%d o& can$asse%s. The watche% shall ha$e the %i#ht to be !%esent at( and take note o&( all the !%oceedin#s o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s( to %ead the election %et'%ns witho't to'chin# the+( to &ile a !%otest a#ainst an" i%%e#'la%it" in the election %et'%ns s'b+itted( and to obtain &%o+ the boa%d o& can$asse%s a %esol'tion the%eon. Sec. 3/. Election %es'ltin# in tie. - :hene$e% it shall a!!ea% &%o+ the can$ass that two o% +o%e candidates ha$e %ecei$ed an e9'al and hi#hest n'+be% o& $otes( o% in cases whe%e two o% +o%e candidates a%e to be elected &o% the sa+e !osition and two o% +o%e candidates %ecei$ed the sa+e n'+be% o& $otes &o% the last !lace in the n'+be% to be elected( the

boa%d o& can$asse%s( a&te% %eco%din# this &act in its +in'tes( shall b" %esol'tion( '!on &i$e da"s notice to all the tied candidates( hold a s!ecial !'blic +eetin# at which the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall !%oceed to the d%awin# o& lots o& the candidates who ha$e tied and shall !%oclai+ as elected the candidates who +a" be &a$o%ed b" l'ck( and the candidates so !%oclai+ed shall ha$e the %i#ht to ass'+e o&&ice in the sa+e +anne% as i& he had been elected b" !l'%alit" o& $ote. The boa%d o& can$asse%s shall &o%thwith +ake a ce%ti&icate statin# the na+e o& the candidate who had been &a$o%ed b" l'ck and his !%ocla+ation on the basis the%eo&. Nothin# in this section shall be const%'ed as de!%i$in# a candidate o& his %i#ht to contest the election. ARTICLE GG. PRE-PROCLA1ATION CONTROVERSIES Sec. 31. @e&inition. - A !%e-!%ocla+ation cont%o$e%s" %e&e%s to an" 9'estion !e%tainin# to o% a&&ectin# the !%oceedin#s o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s which +a" be %aised b" an" candidate o% b" an" %e#iste%ed !olitical !a%t" o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties be&o%e the boa%d o% di%ectl" with the Co++ission( o% an" +atte% %aised 'nde% Sections **( *3( *4 and *< in %elation to the !%e!a%ation( t%ans+ission( %ecei!t( c'stod" and a!!%eciation o& the election %et'%ns. Sec. 3 . Co++issionAs e)cl'si$e ;'%isdiction o& all !%e-!%ocla+ation cont%o$e%sies. - The Co++ission shall ha$e e)cl'si$e ;'%isdiction o& all !%e-!%ocla+ation cont%o$e%sies. It +a" +ot' !%o!%io o% '!on w%itten !etition( and a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( o%de% the !a%tial o% total s's!ension o& the !%ocla+ation o& an" candidate-elect o% ann'al !a%tiall" o% totall" an" !%ocla+ation( i& one has been +ade( as the e$idence shall wa%%ant in acco%dance with the s'cceedin# sections. Sec. 3*. Iss'es that +a" be %aised in !%e-!%ocla+ation cont%o$e%s". - The &ollowin# shall be !%o!e% iss'es that +a" be %aised in a !%e-!%ocla+ation cont%o$e%s"6a7 Ille#al co+!osition o% !%oceedin#s o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s0 6b7 The can$assed election %et'%ns a%e inco+!lete( contain +ate%ial de&ects( a!!ea% to be ta+!e%ed with o% &alsi&ied( o% contain disc%e!ancies in the sa+e %et'%ns o% in othe% a'thentic co!ies the%eo& as +entioned in Sections **( *3( *4 and *< o& this Code0

6c7 The election %et'%ns we%e !%e!a%ed 'nde% d'%ess( th%eats( coe%cion( o% inti+idation( o% the" a%e ob$io'sl" +an'&act'%ed o% not a'thentic0 and 6d7 :hen s'bstit'te o% &%a'd'lent %et'%ns in cont%o$e%ted !ollin# !laces we%e can$assed( the %es'lts o& which +ate%iall" a&&ected the standin# o& the a##%ie$ed candidate o% candidates. Sec. 33. Contested co+!osition o% !%oceedin#s o& the boa%d. - :hen the co+!osition o% !%oceedin#s o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s a%e contested( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall( within twent"-&o'% ho'%s( +ake a %'lin# the%eon with notice to the contestant who( i& ad$e%sel" a&&ected( +a" a!!eal the +atte% to the Co++ission within &i$e da"s a&te% the %'lin# with !%o!e% notice to the boa%d o& can$asse%s. A&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( the Co++ission shall decide the case within ten da"s &%o+ the &ilin# the%eo&. @'%in# the !endenc" o& the case( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall s's!end the can$ass 'ntil the Co++ission o%de%s the contin'ation o% %es'+!tion the%eo& and citin# thei% %easons o% #%o'nds the%e&o%. Sec. 34. Contested election %et'%ns. - An" candidate( !olitical !a%t" o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties( contestin# the incl'sion o% e)cl'sion in the can$ass o& an" election %et'%ns on an" o& the #%o'nds a'tho%i8ed 'nde% this a%ticle o% in Sections *3( *4 and *< o& A%ticle GIG shall s'b+it thei% $e%bal ob;ections to the chai%+an o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s at the ti+e the 9'estioned %et'%ns is !%esented &o% incl'sion o% e)cl'sion( which ob;ections shall be noted in the +in'tes o& the can$assin#. The boa%d o& can$asse%s '!on %ecei!t o& an" s'ch ob;ections shall a'to+aticall" de&e% the can$ass o& the contested %et'%ns and shall !%oceed to can$ass the %est o& the %et'%ns which a%e not contested b" an" !a%t". :ithin twent"-&o'% ho'%s &%o+ and a&te% the !%esentation o& a $e%bal ob;ection( the sa+e shall be s'b+itted in w%itten &o%+ to the boa%d o& can$asse%s. The%ea&te%( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall take '! each contested %et'%n( conside% the w%itten ob;ections the%eto and s'++a%il" %'le the%eon. Said %'lin# shall be +ade o%al initiall" and then %ed'ced to w%itin# b" the boa%d within twent"-&o'% ho'%s &%o+ the ti+e the o%al %'lin# is +ade. An" !a%t" ad$e%sel" a&&ected b" an o%al %'lin# on itsIhis ob;ection shall i++ediatel" state o%all" whethe% itIhe intends to a!!eal said %'lin#. The said intent to a!!eal shall be stated in the +in'tes o& the can$assin#. I& a !a%t" +ani&ests its intent to a!!eal( the boa%d o& can$asse%s shall set aside the %et'%n and !%oceed to %'le on the othe% contested %et'%ns. :hen all the contested %et'%ns ha$e been %'led '!on b" it( the boa%d o&

can$asse%s shall s's!end the can$ass and shall +ake an a!!%o!%iate %e!o%t to the Co++ission( co!" &'%nished the !a%ties. The boa%d o& can$asse%s shall not !%oclai+ an" candidate as winne% 'nless a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission a&te% the latte% has %'led on the ob;ections b%o'#ht to it on a!!eal b" the losin# !a%t" and an" !%ocla+ation +ade in $iolation he%eo& shall be $oid ab initio( 'nless the contested %et'%ns will not ad$e%sel" a&&ect the %es'lts o& the election. Sec. 3<. S'++a%" !%oceedin#s be&o%e the Co++ission. - All !%e!%ocla+ation cont%o$e%sies shall be hea%d s'++a%il" b" the Co++ission a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( and its decisions shall be e)ec'to%" a&te% the la!se o& &i$e da"s &%o+ %ecei!t b" the losin# !a%t" o& the decision o& the Co++ission( 'nless %est%ained b" the S'!%e+e Co'%t. Sec. 3>. Pa%tial !%ocla+ation. - Notwithstandin# the !endenc" o& an" !%e!%ocla+ation cont%o$e%s"( the Co++ission +a"( +ot' !%o!%io o% '!on the &ilin# o& a $e%i&ied !etition and a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( o%de% the !%ocla+ation o& othe% winnin# candidates whose election will not be a&&ected b" the o'tco+e o& the cont%o$e%s". Sec. 3?. E&&ect o& &ilin# !etition to ann'al o% to s's!end the !%ocla+ation. - The &ilin# with the Co++ission o& a !etition to ann'al o% to s's!end the !%ocla+ation o& an" candidate shall s's!end the %'nnin# o& the !e%iod within which to &ile an election !%otest o% 9'o wa%%anto !%oceedin#s. ARTICLE GGI. ELECTION CONTESTS Sec. 3.. B'%isdiction o& the Co++ission. - The Co++ission shall be the sole ;'d#e o& all contests %elatin# to the elections( %et'%ns( and 9'ali&ications o& all 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( electi$e %e#ional( !%o$incial and cit" o&&icials. Sec. 4/. Election contests &o% 2atasan# Pa+bansa( %e#ional( !%o$incial and cit" o&&ices. - A swo%n !etition contestin# the election o& an" 1e+be% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa o% an" %e#ional( !%o$incial o% cit" o&&icial shall be &iled with the Co++ission b" an" candidate who has d'l" &iled a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" and has been $oted &o% the sa+e o&&ice( within ten da"s a&te% the !%ocla+ation o& the %es'lts o& the election. Sec. 41. Election contests &o% +'nici!al o&&ices. - A swo%n !etition contestin# the election o& a +'nici!al o&&ice% shall be &iled with the !%o!e% %e#ional t%ial co'%t b" an" candidate who has d'l" &iled a ce%ti&icate o&

candidac" and has been $oted &o% the sa+e o&&ice( within ten da"s a&te% !%ocla+ation o& the %es'lts o& the election. Sec. 4 . Election contest &o% ba%an#a" o&&ices. - A swo%n !etition contestin# the election o& a ba%an#a" o&&ice% shall be &iled with the !%o!e% +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t b" an" candidate who has d'l" &iled a ce%ti&icate o& candidac" and has been $oted &o% the sa+e o&&ice( within ten da"s a&te% the !%ocla+ation o& the %es'lts o& the election. The t%ial co'%t shall decide the election !%otest within &i&teen da"s a&te% the &ilin# the%eo&. The decision o& the +'nici!al o% +et%o!olitan t%ial co'%t +a" be a!!ealed within ten da"s &%o+ %ecei!t o& a co!" the%eo& b" the a##%ie$ed !a%t" to the %e#ional t%ial co'%t which shall decide the case within thi%t" da"s &%o+ its s'b+ission( and whose decisions shall be &inal. Sec. 4*. Petition &o% 9'o wa%%anto. - An" $ote% contestin# the election o& an" 1e+be% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( %e#ional( !%o$incial( o% cit" o&&ice% on the #%o'nd o& ineli#ibilit" o% o& dislo"alt" to the Re!'blic o& the Phili!!ines shall &ile a swo%n !etition &o% 9'o wa%%anto with the Co++ission within ten da"s a&te% the !%ocla+ation o& the %es'lts o& the election. An" $ote% contestin# the election o& an" +'nici!al o% ba%an#a" o&&ice% on the #%o'nd o& ineli#ibilit" o% o& dislo"alt" to the Re!'blic o& the Phili!!ines shall &ile a swo%n !etition &o% 9'o wa%%anto with the %e#ional t%ial co'%t o% +et%o!olitan o% +'nici!al t%ial co'%t( %es!ecti$el"( within ten da"s a&te% the !%ocla+ation o& the %es'lts o& the election. Sec. 43. P%oced'%e in election contests. - The Co++ission shall !%esc%ibe the %'les to #o$e%n the !%oced'%e and othe% +atte%s %elatin# to election contests !e%tainin# to all national( %e#ional( !%o$incial( and cit" o&&ices not late% than thi%t" da"s be&o%e s'ch elections. S'ch %'les shall !%o$ide a si+!le and ine)!ensi$e !%oced'%e &o% the e)!editio's dis!osition o& election contests and shall be !'blished in at least two news!a!e%s o& #ene%al ci%c'lation. 5owe$e%( with %es!ect to election contests in$ol$in# +'nici!al and ba%an#a" o&&ices the &ollowin# %'les o& !%oced'%e shall #o$e%n6a7 Notice o& the !%otest contestin# the election o& a candidate &o% a +'nici!al o% ba%an#a" o&&ice shall be se%$ed '!on the candidate b" +eans o& a s'++ons at the !ostal add%ess stated in his ce%ti&icate o& candidac" e)ce!t when the !%otestee( witho't waitin# &o% the s'++ons( has +ade the co'%t 'nde%stand that he has been noti&ied o& the !%otest o% has &iled his answe% he%eto0

6b7 The !%otestee shall answe% the !%otest within &i$e da"s a&te% %ecei!t o& the s'++ons( o%( in case the%e has been no s'++ons &%o+ the date o& his a!!ea%ance and in all cases be&o%e the co++ence+ent o& the hea%in# o& the !%otest o% contest. The answe% shall deal onl" with the election in the !ollin# !laces which a%e co$e%ed b" the alle#ations o& the contest0 6c7 Sho'ld the !%otestee desi%e to i+!'#n the $otes %ecei$ed b" the !%otestant in othe% !ollin# !laces( he shall &ile a co'nte%-!%otest within the sa+e !e%iod &i)ed &o% the answe% se%$in# a co!" the%eo& '!on the !%otestant b" %e#iste%ed +ail o% b" !e%sonal deli$e%" o% th%o'#h the she%i&&0 6d7 The !%otestant shall answe% the co'nte%-!%otest within &i$e da"s a&te% notice0 6e7 :ithin the !e%iod o& &i$e da"s co'nted &%o+ the &ilin# o& the !%otest an" othe% candidate &o% the sa+e o&&ice +a" inte%$ene in the case as othe% contestants and ask &o% a&&i%+ati$e %elie& in his &a$o% b" a !etition in inte%$ention( which shall be conside%ed as anothe% contest( e)ce!t that it shall be s'bstantiated within the sa+e !%oceedin#s. The !%otestant o% !%otestee shall answe% the !%otest in inte%$ention within &i$e da"s a&te% notice0 6&7 I& no answe% shall be &iled to the contest( co'nte%-!%otest( o% to the !%otest in inte%$ention( within the ti+e li+its %es!ecti$el" &i)ed( a #ene%al denial shall be dee+ed to ha$e been ente%ed0 6#7 In election contest !%oceedin#s( the !e%+anent %e#ist%" list o& $ote%s shall be concl'si$e in %e#a%d to the 9'estion as to who had the %i#ht to $ote in said election. Sec. 44. B'dicial co'ntin# o& $otes in election contest. - :he%e alle#ations in a !%otest o% co'nte%-!%otest so wa%%ant( o% whene$e% in the o!inion o& the co'%t the inte%ests o& ;'stice so %e9'i%e( it shall i++ediatel" o%de% the book o& $ote%s( ballot bo)es and thei% ke"s( ballots and othe% doc'+ents 'sed in the election be b%o'#ht be&o%e it and that the ballots be e)a+ined and the $otes %eco'nted. Sec. 4<. A!!eals. - A!!eals &%o+ an" decision %ende%ed b" the %e#ional t%ial co'%t 'nde% Section 41 and !a%a#%a!h two( Section 4* he%eo& with %es!ect to 9'o wa%%anto !etitions &iled in election contests a&&ectin# +'nici!al o&&ice%s( the a##%ie$ed !a%t" +a" a!!eal to the Inte%+ediate A!!ellate Co'%t within &i$e da"s a&te% %ecei!t o& a co!" o& the decision. No +otion &o% %econside%ation shall be ente%tained b" the co'%t. The a!!eal

shall be decided within si)t" da"s a&te% the case has been s'b+itted &o% decision. Sec. 4>. @ecision in the Co++ission. - The Co++ission shall decide all election cases b%o'#ht be&o%e it within ninet" da"s &%o+ the date o& thei% s'b+ission &o% decision. The decision o& the Co++ission shall beco+e &inal thi%t" da"s a&te% %ecei!t o& ;'d#+ent. Sec. 4?. P%e&e%ential dis!osition o& contests in co'%ts. - The co'%ts( in thei% %es!ecti$e cases( shall #i$e !%e&e%ence to election contests o$e% all othe% cases( e)ce!t those o& habeas co%!'s( and shall witho't dela"( hea% and( within thi%t" da"s &%o+ the date o& thei% s'b+ission &o% decision( b't in e$e%" case within si) +onths a&te% &ilin#( decide the sa+e. Sec. 4.. Act'al o% co+!ensato%" da+a#es. - Act'al o% co+!ensato%" da+a#es +a" be #%anted in all election contests o% in 9'o wa%%anto !%oceedin#s in acco%dance with law. Sec. </. Notice o& decisions. - The cle%k o& co'%t and the co%%es!ondin# o&&icial in the Co++ission be&o%e who+ an election contest o% a 9'o wa%%anto !%oceedin# has been instit'ted o% whe%e the a!!eal o& said case has been taken shall noti&" i++ediatel" the P%esident o& the Phili!!ines o& the &inal dis!osition the%eo&. In election contests in$ol$in# !%o$incial( cit"( +'nici!al( o% ba%an#a" o&&ices( notice o& s'ch &inal dis!osition shall also be sent to the sec%eta%" o& the local san##'nian conce%ned. I& the decision be that none o& the !a%ties has been le#all" elected( said o&&icial shall ce%ti&" s'ch decision to the P%esident o& the Phili!!ines and( in a!!%o!%iate cases( to the Co++ission. ARTICLE GGII. ELECTION O==ENSES Sec. <1. P%ohibited Acts. - The &ollowin# shall be #'ilt" o& an election o&&ense6a7 Vote-b'"in# and $ote-sellin#. 617 An" !e%son who #i$es( o&&e%s o% !%o+ises +one" o% an"thin# o& $al'e( #i$es o% !%o+ises an" o&&ice o% e+!lo"+ent( &%anchise o% #%ant( !'blic o% !%i$ate( o% +akes o% o&&e%s to +ake an e)!endit'%e( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( o% ca'se an e)!endit'%e to be +ade to an" !e%son( association( co%!o%ation( entit"( o% co++'nit" in o%de% to ind'ce an"one o% the !'blic in #ene%al to $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate o% withhold his $ote in the election( o% to $ote &o% o%

a#ainst an" as!i%ant &o% the no+ination o% choice o& a candidate in a con$ention o% si+ila% selection !%ocess o& a !olitical !a%t". 6 7 An" !e%son( association( co%!o%ation( #%o'! o% co++'nit" who solicits o% %ecei$es( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( an" e)!endit'%e o% !%o+ise o& an" o&&ice o% e+!lo"+ent( !'blic o% !%i$ate( &o% an" o& the &o%e#oin# conside%ations. 6b7 Cons!i%ac" to b%ibe $ote%s. - Two o% +o%e !e%sons( whethe% candidates o% not( who co+e to an a#%ee+ent conce%nin# the co++ission o& an" $iolation o& !a%a#%a!h 6a7 o& this section and decide to co++it it. 6c7 :a#e%in# '!on %es'lt o& election. - An" !e%son who bets o% wa#e%s '!on the o'tco+e o&( o% an" contin#enc" connected with an election. An" +one" o% thin# o& $al'e o% de!osit o& +one" o% thin# o& $al'e sit'ated an"whe%e in the Phili!!ines !'t as s'ch bet o% wa#e% shall be &o%&eited to the #o$e%n+ent. 6d7 Coe%cion o& s'bo%dinates. 617 An" !'blic o&&ice%( o% an" o&&ice% o& an" !'blic o% !%i$ate co%!o%ation o% association( o% an" head( s'!e%io%( o% ad+inist%ato% o& an" %eli#io's o%#ani8ation( o% an" e+!lo"e% o% land-owne% who coe%ces o% inti+idates o% co+!els( o% in an" +anne% in&l'ence( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( an" o& his s'bo%dinates o% +e+be%s o% !a%ishione%s o% e+!lo"ees o% ho'se hel!e%s( tenants( o$e%see%s( &a%+ hel!e%s( tille%s( o% lease holde%s to aid( ca+!ai#n o% $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate o% an" as!i%ant &o% the no+ination o% selection o& candidates. 6 7 An" !'blic o&&ice% o% an" o&&ice% o& an" co++e%cial( ind'st%ial( a#%ic'lt'%al( econo+ic o% social ente%!%ise o% !'blic o% !%i$ate co%!o%ation o% association( o% an" head( s'!e%io% o% ad+inist%ato% o& an" %eli#io's o%#ani8ation( o% an" e+!lo"e% o% landowne% who dis+isses o% th%eatens to dis+iss( !'nishes o% th%eatens to !'nish be %ed'cin# his sala%"( wa#e o% co+!ensation( o% b" de+otion( t%ans&e%( s's!ension( se!a%ation( e)co++'nication( e;ect+ent( o% ca'sin# hi+ anno"ance in the !e%&o%+ance o& his ;ob o% in his +e+be%shi!( an" s'bo%dinate +e+be% o% a&&iliate( !a%ishione%( e+!lo"ee o% ho'se hel!e%( tenant( o$e%see%( &a%+ hel!e%( tille%( o% lease holde%( &o% disobe"in# o% not co+!l"in# with an" o& the acts o%de%ed b" the &o%+e% to aid( ca+!ai#n o% $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate( o% an" as!i%ant &o% the no+ination o% selection o& candidates.

6e7 Th%eats( inti+idation( te%%o%is+( 'se o& &%a'd'lent de$ice o% othe% &o%+s o& coe%cion. - An" !e%son who( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( th%eatens( inti+idates o% act'all" ca'ses( in&licts o% !%od'ces an" $iolence( in;'%"( !'nish+ent( da+a#e( loss o% disad$anta#e '!on an" !e%son o% !e%sons o% that o& the i++ediate +e+be%s o& his &a+il"( his hono% o% !%o!e%t"( o% 'ses an" &%a'd'lent de$ice o% sche+e to co+!el o% ind'ce the %e#ist%ation o% %e&%ainin# &%o+ %e#ist%ation o& an" $ote%( o% the !a%tici!ation in a ca+!ai#n o% %e&%ainin# o% desistance &%o+ an" ca+!ai#n( o% the castin# o& an" $ote o% o+ission to $ote( o% an" !%o+ise o& s'ch %e#ist%ation( ca+!ai#n( $ote( o% o+ission the%e&%o+. 6&7 Coe%cion o& election o&&icials and e+!lo"ees. - An" !e%son who( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( th%eatens( inti+idates( te%%o%i8es o% coe%ces an" election o&&icial o% e+!lo"ee in the !e%&o%+ance o& his election &'nctions o% d'ties. 6#7 A!!oint+ent o& new e+!lo"ees( c%eation o& new !osition( !%o+otion( o% #i$in# sala%" inc%eases. - @'%in# the !e%iod o& &o%t"-&i$e da"s be&o%e a %e#'la% election and thi%t" da"s be&o%e a s!ecial election( 617 an" head( o&&icial o% a!!ointin# o&&ice% o& a #o$e%n+ent o&&ice( a#enc" o% inst%'+entalit"( whethe% national o% local( incl'din# #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations( who a!!oints o% hi%es an" new e+!lo"ee( whethe% !%o$isional( te+!o%a%" o% cas'al( o% c%eates and &ills an" new !osition( e)ce!t '!on !%io% a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission. The Co++ission shall not #%ant the a'tho%it" so'#ht 'nless( it is satis&ied that the !osition to be &illed is essential to the !%o!e% &'nctionin# o& the o&&ice o% a#enc" conce%ned( and that the !osition shall not be &illed in a +anne% that +a" in&l'ence the election. As an e)ce!tion to the &o%e#oin# !%o$isions( a new e+!lo"ee +a" be a!!ointed in case o& '%#ent need- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That notice o& the a!!oint+ent shall be #i$en to the Co++ission within th%ee da"s &%o+ the date o& the a!!oint+ent. An" a!!oint+ent o% hi%in# in $iolation o& this !%o$ision shall be n'll and $oid. 6 7 An" #o$e%n+ent o&&icial who !%o+otes( o% #i$es an" inc%ease o& sala%" o% %e+'ne%ation o% !%i$ile#e to an" #o$e%n+ent o&&icial o% e+!lo"ee( incl'din# those in #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations. 6h7 T%ans&e% o& o&&ice%s and e+!lo"ees in the ci$il se%$ice. - An" !'blic o&&icial who +akes o% ca'ses an" t%ans&e% o% detail whate$e% o& an" o&&ice% o% e+!lo"ee in the ci$il se%$ice incl'din# !'blic school teache%s( within the election !e%iod e)ce!t '!on !%io% a!!%o$al o& the Co++ission. 6i7 Inte%$ention o& !'blic o&&ice%s and e+!lo"ees. - An" o&&ice% o% e+!lo"ee in the ci$il se%$ice( e)ce!t those holdin# !olitical o&&ices0 an" o&&ice%(

e+!lo"ee( o% +e+be% o% the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( o% an" !olice &o%ce( s!ecial &o%ces( ho+e de&ense &o%ces( ba%an#a" sel&-de&ense 'nits and all othe% !a%a-+ilita%" 'nits that now e)ist o% which +a" he%ea&te% be o%#ani8ed who( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( inte%$enes in an" election ca+!ai#n o% en#a#es in an" !a%tisan !olitical acti$it"( e)ce!t to $ote o% to !%ese%$e !'blic o%de%( i& he is a !eace o&&ice%. 6;7 ,nd'e in&l'ence. - It is 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son to !%o+ise an" o&&ice o% e+!lo"+ent( !'blic o% !%i$ate( o% to +ake o% o&&e% to +ake an e)!endit'%e( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( o% to ca'se an e)!endit'%e to be +ade to an" !e%son( association( co%!o%ation o% entit"( which +a" ind'ce an"one o% the !'blic in #ene%al eithe% to $ote o% withhold his $ote( o% to $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate in an" election o% an" as!i%ant &o% the no+ination o% selection o& an o&&icial candidate in a con$ention o& a !olitical !a%t". It is likewise 'nlaw&'l &o% an" !e%son( association( co%!o%ation o% co++'nit"( to solicit o% %ecei$e( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( an" e)!endit'%e o% !%o+ise o% an" o&&ice( o% e+!lo"+ent( !'blic o% !%i$ate( &o% an" o& the &o%e#oin# conside%ations. 6k7 ,nlaw&'l electionee%in#. - It is 'nlaw&'l to solicit $otes o% 'nde%take an" !%o!a#anda on the da" o& %e#ist%ation be&o%e the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s and on the da" o& election( &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate o% an" !olitical !a%t" within the !ollin# !lace and with a %adi's o& thi%t" +ete%s the%eo&. 6l7 P%ohibition a#ainst dis+issal o& e+!lo"ees( labo%e%s( o% tenants. - No e+!lo"ee o% labo%e% shall be dis+issed( no% a tenant be e;ected &%o+ his landholdin#s &o% %e&'sin# o% &ailin# to $ote &o% an" candidate o& his e+!lo"e% o% landowne%. An" e+!lo"ee( labo%e% o% tenant so dis+issed o% e;ected shall be %einstated and the sala%" o% wa#e o& the e+!lo"ee o% labo%e%( o% the sha%e o& the ha%$est o& the tenant( shall be %esto%ed to the a##%ie$ed !a%t" '!on a!!lication to the !%o!e% co'%t. 6+7 A!!oint+ent o% 'se o& s!ecial !olice+en( s!ecial a#ents( con&idential a#ents o% the like. - @'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod( on the da" be&o%e and on election da"( an" a!!ointin# a'tho%it" who a!!oints o% an" !e%son who 'tili8es the se%$ices o& s!ecial !olice+en( s!ecial a#ents( con&idential a#ents o% !e%sons !e%&o%+in# si+ila% &'nctions0 !e%sons !%e$io'sl" a!!ointed as s!ecial !olice+en( s!ecial a#ents( con&idential a#ents o% !e%sons !e%&o%+in# si+ila% &'nctions who contin'e actin# as s'ch( and those who &ail to t'%n o$e% thei% &i%ea%+s( 'ni&o%+s( insi#nias and othe% bad#es o& a'tho%it" to the !%o!e% o&&ice% who iss'ed the sa+e. At the sta%t o& the a&o%e+entioned !e%iod( the ba%an#a" chai%+an( +'nici!al +a"o%( cit" +a"o%( !%o$incial #o$e%no%( o% an" a!!ointin# a'tho%it" shall s'b+it to the Co++ission a co+!lete list o& all s!ecial

!olice+en( s!ecial a#ents( con&idential a#ents o% !e%sons !e%&o%+in# si+ila% &'nctions in the e+!lo" o& thei% %es!ecti$e !olitical s'bdi$isions( with s'ch !a%tic'la%s as the Co++ission +a" %e9'i%e. 6n7 Ille#al %elease o& !%isone%s be&o%e and a&te% election. - The @i%ecto% o& the 2'%ea' o& P%isons( an" !%o$incial wa%den( the kee!e% o& the ;ail o% the !e%son o% !e%sons %e9'i%ed b" law to kee! !%isone%s in thei% c'stod" who ille#all" o%de%s o% allows an" !%isone% detained in the national !enitentia%"( o% the !%o$incial( cit" o% +'nici!al ;ail to lea$e the !%e+ises the%eo& si)t" da"s be&o%e and thi%t" da"s a&te% the election. The +'nici!al o% cit" wa%den( the !%o$incial wa%den( the kee!e% o& the ;ail o% the !e%son o% !e%sons %e9'i%ed b" law to kee! !%isone%s in thei% c'stod" shall !ost in th%ee cons!ic'o's !'blic !laces a list o& the !%isone%s o% detention !%isone%s 'nde% thei% ca%e. @etention !%isone%s +'st be cate#o%i8ed as s'ch. 6o7 ,se o& !'blic &'nds( +one" de!osited in t%'st( e9'i!+ent( &acilities owned o% cont%olled b" the #o$e%n+ent &o% an election ca+!ai#n. - An" !e%son who 'ses 'nde% an" #'ise whatsoe$e%( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( 617 !'blic &'nds o% +one" de!osited with( o% held in t%'st b"( !'blic &inancin# instit'tions o% b" #o$e%n+ent o&&ices( banks( o% a#encies0 6 7 an" !%intin# !%ess( %adio( o% tele$ision station o% a'dio-$is'al e9'i!+ent o!e%ated b" the Go$e%n+ent o% b" its di$isions( s'b-di$isions( a#encies o% inst%'+entalities( incl'din# #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations( o% b" the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines0 o% 6*7 an" e9'i!+ent( $ehicle( &acilit"( a!!a%at's( o% !a%a!he%nalia owned b" the #o$e%n+ent o% b" its !olitical s'bdi$isions( a#encies incl'din# #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations( o% b" the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines &o% an" election ca+!ai#n o% &o% an" !a%tisan !olitical acti$it". 6!7 @eadl" wea!ons. - An" !e%son who ca%%ies an" deadl" wea!on in the !ollin# !lace and within a %adi's o& one h'nd%ed +ete%s the%eo& d'%in# the da"s and ho'%s &i)ed b" law &o% the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s in the !ollin# !lace( $otin#( co'ntin# o& $otes( o% !%e!a%ation o& the election %et'%ns. 5owe$e%( in cases o& a&&%a"( t'%+oil( o% diso%de%( an" !eace o&&ice% o% !'blic o&&ice% a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission to s'!e%$ise the election is entitled to ca%%" &i%ea%+s o% an" othe% wea!on &o% the !'%!ose o& !%ese%$in# o%de% and en&o%cin# the law. 697 Ca%%"in# &i%ea%+s o'tside %esidence o% !lace o& b'siness. - An" !e%son who( altho'#h !ossessin# a !e%+it to ca%%" &i%ea%+s( ca%%ies an" &i%ea%+s o'tside his %esidence o% !lace o& b'siness d'%in# the election !e%iod( 'nless a'tho%i8ed in w%itin# b" the

Co++ission- P%o$ided( That a +oto% $ehicle( wate% o% ai% c%a&t shall not be conside%ed a %esidence o% !lace o& b'siness o% e)tension he%eo&. This !%ohibition shall not a!!l" to cashie%s and disb'%sin# o&&ice%s while in the !e%&o%+ance o& thei% d'ties o% to !e%sons who b" nat'%e o& thei% o&&icial d'ties( !%o&ession( b'siness o% occ'!ation habit'all" ca%%" la%#e s'+s o& +one" o% $al'ables. 6%7 ,se o& a%+o%ed land( wate% o% ai% c%a&t. - An" !e%son who 'ses d'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod( on the da" be&o%e and on election da"( an" a%+o%ed land( wate% o% ai% c%a&t( !%o$ided with an" te+!o%a%" o% !e%+anent e9'i!+ent o% an" othe% de$ice o% cont%a!tion &o% the +o'ntin# o% installation o& cannons( +achine #'ns and othe% si+ila% hi#h calibe% &i%ea%+s( incl'din# +ilita%" t"!e tanks( hal& t%'cks( sco't t%'cks( a%+o%ed t%'cks( o& an" +ake o% +odel( whethe% new( %econditioned( %eb'ilt o% %e+odelled- P%o$ided( That bankin# o% &inancial instit'tions and all b'siness &i%+s +a" 'se not +o%e than two a%+o%ed $ehicles st%ictl" &o%( and li+ited to( the !'%!ose o& t%ans!o%tin# cash( #old b'llion o% othe% $al'ables in connection with thei% b'siness &%o+ and to thei% !lace o& b'siness( '!on !%e$io's a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission. 6s7 :ea%in# o& 'ni&o%+s and bea%in# a%+s. - @'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod( on the da" be&o%e and on election da"( an" +e+be% o& sec'%it" o% !olice o%#ani8ation o& #o$e%n+ent a#encies( co++issions( co'ncils( b'%ea's( o&&ices( o% #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations( o% !%i$atel"owned o% o!e%ated sec'%it"( in$esti#ati$e( !%otecti$e o% intelli#ence a#encies( who wea%s his 'ni&o%+ o% 'ses his insi#nia( deco%ations o% %e#alia( o% bea%s a%+s o'tside the i++ediate $icinit" o& his !lace o& wo%kP%o$ided( That this !%ohibition shall not a!!l" when said +e+be% is in !'%s'it o& a !e%son who has co++itted o% is co++ittin# a c%i+e in the !%e+ises he is #'a%din#0 o% when esco%tin# o% !%o$idin# sec'%it" &o% the t%ans!o%t o& !a"%olls( de!osits( o% othe% $al'ables0 o% when #'a%din# the %esidence o& !%i$ate !e%sons o% when #'a%din# !%i$ate %esidences( b'ildin#s o% o&&ices- P%o$ided( &'%the%( That in the last case !%io% w%itten a!!%o$al o& the Co++ission shall be obtained. The Co++ission shall decide all a!!lications &o% a'tho%it" 'nde% this !a%a#%a!h within &i&teen da"s &%o+ the date o& the &ilin# o& s'ch a!!lication. @'%in# the sa+e !e%iod( and endin# thi%t" da"s the%ea&te% an" +e+be% o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( s!ecial( &o%ces( ho+e de&ense &o%ces( ba%an#a" sel&-de&ense 'nits and all othe% !a%a-+ilita%" 'nits that now e)ist o% which +a" he%ea&te% be o%#ani8ed who wea%s his 'ni&o%+ o% bea%s a%+s o'tside the ca+!( #a%%ison o% ba%%acks to which he is assi#ned o% detailed o% o'tside thei% ho+es( in case o& +e+be%s o& !a%a+ilita%" 'nits( 'nless 617 the P%esident o& the Phili!!ines shall ha$e #i$en !%e$io's a'tho%it" the%e&o%( and the Co++ission noti&ied the%eo& in

w%itin#( o% 6 7 the Co++ission a'tho%i8es hi+ to do so( which a'tho%it" it shall #i$e onl" when necessa%" to assist it in +aintainin# &%ee( o%de%l" and honest elections( and onl" a&te% notice and hea%in#. All !e%sonnel o& the A%+ed =o%ces a'tho%i8ed b" the P%esident o% the Co++ission to bea% a%+s o% wea% thei% 'ni&o%+s o'tside thei% ca+!s and all !olice and !eace o&&ice%s shall bea% thei% t%'e na+e( %ank and se%ial n'+be%( i& an"( stitched in block lette%s on a white back#%o'nd on the le&t b%east o& thei% 'ni&o%+( in lette%s and n'+be%s o& a clea%l" le#ible desi#n at least two centi+ete%s tall( which shall at all ti+es %e+ain $isible and 'nco$e%ed. @'%in# the election !e%iod( whene$e% the Co++ission &inds it necessa%" &o% the !%o+otion o& &%ee( o%de%l"( honest and !eace&'l elections in a s!eci&ic a%ea( it shall con&iscate o% o%de% the con&iscation o& &i%ea%+s o& an" +e+be% o% +e+be%s o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( !olice &o%ces( ho+e de&ense &o%ces( ba%an#a" sel&-de&ense 'nits( and all othe% !a%a-+ilita%" 'nits that now e)ist( o% which +a" he%ea&te% be o%#ani8ed( o% an" +e+be% o% +e+be%s o& the sec'%it" o% !olice o%#ani8ation( #o$e%n+ent +inist%ies( co++issions( co'ncils( b'%ea's( o&&ices( inst%'+entalities( o% #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations and othe% s'bsidia%ies( o% o& an" +e+be% o% +e+be%s o& !%i$atel" owned o% o!e%ated sec'%it"( in$esti#ati$e( !%otecti$e o% intelli#ence a#encies !e%&o%+in# identical o% si+ila% &'nctions. 6t7 Police+en and !%o$incial #'a%ds actin# as bod"#'a%ds o% sec'%it" #'a%ds. - @'%in# the ca+!ai#n !e%iod( on the da" be&o%e and on election da"( an" +e+be% o& the cit" o% +'nici!al !olice &o%ce( an" !%o$incial o% s'b-!%o$incial #'a%d( an" +e+be% o& the A%+ed =o%ces o& the Phili!!ines( s!ecial &o%ces( ho+e de&ense &o%ces( ba%an#a" sel&-de&ense 'nits and all othe% !a%a-+ilita%" 'nits that now e)ist o% which +a" he%ea&te% be o%#ani8ed who acts as bod"#'a%d o% sec'%it" #'a%d o& an" !'blic o&&icial( candidate o% an" othe% !e%son( and an" o& the latte% who 'tili8es the se%$ices o& the &o%+e% as bod"#'a%d o% sec'%it" #'a%d- P%o$ided( That( a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#( when the li&e and sec'%it" o& a candidate is in ;eo!a%d"( the Co++ission is e+!owe%ed to assi#n at the candidateAs choice( an" +e+be% o& the Phili!!ine Constab'la%" o% the !olice &o%ce o& an" +'nici!alit" within the !%o$ince to act as his bod"#'a%d o% sec'%it" #'a%d in a n'+be% to be dete%+ined b" the Co++ission b't not to e)ceed th%ee !e% candidate- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That when the ci%c'+stances %e9'i%e i++ediate action( the Co++ission +a" iss'e a te+!o%a%" o%de% allowin# the assi#n+ent o& an" +e+be% o& the Phili!!ine Constab'la%" o% the local !olice &o%ce to act as bod"#'a%d o% sec'%it" #'a%d o& the candidate( s'b;ect to con&i%+ation o% %e$ocation. 6'7 O%#ani8ation o% +aintenance o& %eaction &o%ces( st%ike &o%ces( o% othe% si+ila% &o%ces. - An" !e%son who o%#ani8es o% +aintains a %eaction &o%ce( st%ike &o%ce o% si+ila% &o%ce d'%in# the election !e%iod.

The heads o& all %eaction &o%ces( st%ike &o%ces( o% si+ila% &o%ces shall( not late% than &o%t"-&i$e da"s be&o%e the election( s'b+it to the Co++ission a co+!lete list o& all +e+be%s the%eo& with s'ch !a%tic'la%s as the Co++ission +a" %e9'i%e. 6$7 P%ohibition a#ainst %elease( disb'%se+ent o% e)!endit'%e o& !'blic &'nds. - An" !'blic o&&icial o% e+!lo"ee incl'din# ba%an#a" o&&icials and those o& #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled co%!o%ations and thei% s'bsidia%ies( who( d'%in# &o%t"-&i$e da"s be&o%e a %e#'la% election and thi%t" da"s be&o%e a s!ecial election( %eleases( disb'%ses o% e)!ends an" !'blic &'nds &o%617 An" and all kinds o& !'blic wo%ks( e)ce!t the &ollowin#6a7 1aintenance o& e)istin# andIo% co+!leted !'blic wo%ks !%o;ect- P%o$ided( That not +o%e than the a$e%a#e n'+be% o& labo%e%s o% e+!lo"ees al%ead" e+!lo"ed the%ein d'%in# the si)-+onth !e%iod i++ediatel" !%io% to the be#innin# o& the &o%t"-&i$e da" !e%iod be&o%e election da" shall be !e%+itted to wo%k d'%in# s'ch ti+e- P%o$ided( &'%the%( That no additional labo%e%s shall be e+!lo"ed &o% +aintenance wo%k within the said !e%iod o& &o%t"-&i$e da"s0 6b7 :o%k 'nde%taken b" cont%act th%o'#h !'blic biddin# held( o% b" ne#otiated cont%act awa%ded( be&o%e the &o%t"-&i$e da" !e%iod be&o%e election- P%o$ided( That wo%k &o% the !'%!ose o& this section 'nde%taken 'nde% the so-called Jtaka"J o% J!a9'iaoJ s"ste+ shall not be conside%ed as wo%k b" cont%act0 6c7 Pa"+ent &o% the 's'al cost o& !%e!a%ation &o% wo%kin# d%awin#s( s!eci&ications( bills o& +ate%ials( esti+ates( and othe% !%oced'%es !%e!a%ato%" to act'al const%'ction incl'din# the !'%chase o& +ate%ials and e9'i!+ent( and all incidental e)!enses &o% wa#es o& watch+en and othe% labo%e%s e+!lo"ed &o% s'ch wo%k in the cent%al o&&ice and &ield sto%eho'ses be&o%e the be#innin# o& s'ch !e%iodP%o$ided( That the n'+be% o& s'ch labo%e%s shall not be inc%eased o$e% the n'+be% hi%ed when the !%o;ect o% !%o;ects we%e co++enced0 and 6d7 E+e%#enc" wo%k necessitated b" the occ'%%ence o& a !'blic cala+it"( b't s'ch wo%k shall be li+ited to the %esto%ation o& the da+a#ed &acilit".

No !a"+ent shall be +ade within &i$e da"s be&o%e the date o& election to labo%e%s who ha$e %ende%ed se%$ices in !%o;ects o% wo%ks e)ce!t those &allin# 'nde% s'b!a%a#%a!hs 6a7( 6b7( 6c7( and 6d7( o& this !a%a#%a!h. This !%ohibition shall not a!!l" to on#oin# !'blic wo%ks !%o;ects co++enced be&o%e the ca+!ai#n !e%iod o% si+ila% !%o;ects 'nde% &o%ei#n a#%ee+ents. =o% !'%!oses o& this !%o$ision( it shall be the d't" o& the #o$e%n+ent o&&icials o% a#encies conce%ned to %e!o%t to the Co++ission the list o& all s'ch !%o;ects bein# 'nde%taken b" the+. 6 7 The 1inist%" o& Social Se%$ices and @e$elo!+ent and an" othe% o&&ice in othe% +inist%ies o& the #o$e%n+ent !e%&o%+in# &'nctions si+ila% to said +inist%"( e)ce!t &o% sala%ies o& !e%sonnel( and &o% s'ch othe% %o'tine and no%+al e)!enses( and &o% s'ch othe% e)!enses as the Co++ission +a" a'tho%i8e a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#. Sho'ld a cala+it" o% disaste% occ'%( all %eleases no%+all" o% 's'all" co'%sed th%o'#h the said +inist%ies and o&&ices o& othe% +inist%ies shall be t'%ned o$e% to( and ad+iniste%ed and disb'%sed b"( the Phili!!ine National Red C%oss( s'b;ect to the s'!e%$ision o& the Co++ission on A'dit o% its %e!%esentati$es( and no candidate o% his o% he% s!o'se o% +e+be% o& his &a+il" within the second ci$il de#%ee o& a&&init" o% consan#'init" shall !a%tici!ate( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( in the dist%ib'tion o& an" %elie& o% othe% #oods to the $icti+s o& the cala+it" o% disaste%0 and 6*7 The 1inist%" o& 5'+an Settle+ents and an" othe% o&&ice in an" othe% +inist%" o& the #o$e%n+ent !e%&o%+in# &'nctions si+ila% to said +inist%"( e)ce!t &o% sala%ies o& !e%sonnel and &o% s'ch othe% necessa%" ad+inist%ati$e o% othe% e)!enses as the Co++ission +a" a'tho%i8e a&te% d'e notice and hea%in#. 6w7 P%ohibition a#ainst const%'ction o& !'blic wo%ks( deli$e%" o& +ate%ials &o% !'blic wo%ks and iss'ance o& t%eas'%" wa%%ants and si+ila% de$ices. @'%in# the !e%iod o& &o%t"-&i$e da"s !%ecedin# a %e#'la% election and thi%t" da"s be&o%e a s!ecial election( an" !e%son who 6a7 'nde%takes the const%'ction o& an" !'blic wo%ks( e)ce!t &o% !%o;ects o% wo%ks e)e+!ted in the !%ecedin# !a%a#%a!h0 o% 6b7 iss'es( 'ses o% a$ails o& t%eas'%" wa%%ants o% an" de$ice 'nde%takin# &'t'%e deli$e%" o& +one"( #oods o% othe% thin#s o& $al'e cha%#eable a#ainst !'blic &'nds. 6)7 S's!ension o& electi$e !%o$incial( cit"( +'nici!al o% ba%an#a" o&&ice%. The !%o$isions o& law to the cont%a%" notwithstandin# d'%in# the election !e%iod( an" !'blic o&&icial who s's!ends( witho't !%io% a!!%o$al o& the Co++ission( an" electi$e !%o$incial( cit"( +'nici!al o% ba%an#a" o&&ice%(

'nless said s's!ension will be &o% !'%!oses o& a!!l"in# the JAnti-G%a&t and Co%%'!t P%actices ActJ in %elation to the s's!ension and %e+o$al o& electi$e o&&icials0 in which case the !%o$isions o& this section shall be ina!!licable. 6"7 On Re#ist%ation o& Vote%s617 An" !e%son who( ha$in# all the 9'ali&ications and none o& the dis9'ali&ications o& a $ote%( &ails witho't ;'sti&iable e)c'se to %e#iste% as a $ote% in an election( !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+ in which he is 9'ali&ied to $ote. 6 7 An" !e%son who knowin#l" +akes an" &alse o% 'nt%'th&'l state+ent %elati$e to an" o& the data o% in&o%+ation %e9'i%ed in the a!!lication &o% %e#ist%ation. 6*7 An" !e%son who delibe%atel" i+!%ints o% ca'ses the i+!%intin# o& bl'%%ed o% indistinct &in#e%!%ints on an" o& the co!ies o& the a!!lication &o% %e#ist%ation o% on the $ote%As a&&ida$it0 o% an" !e%son in cha%#e o& the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s who delibe%atel" o% th%o'#h ne#li#ence( ca'ses o% allows the i+!%intin# o& bl'%%ed o% indistinct &in#e%!%ints on an" o& the a&o%e+entioned %e#ist%ation &o%+s( o% an" !e%son who ta+!e%s with the &in#e%!%ints in said %e#ist%ation %eco%ds. 637 An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s who a!!%o$es an" a!!lication which on its &ace shows that the a!!licant does not !ossess all the 9'ali&ications !%esc%ibed b" law &o% a $ote%0 o% who disa!!%o$es an" a!!lication which on its &ace shows that the a!!licant !ossesses all s'ch 9'ali&ications. 647 An" !e%son who( bein# a %e#iste%ed $ote%( %e#iste%s anew witho't &ilin# an a!!lication &o% cancellation o& his !%e$io's %e#ist%ation. 6<7 An" !e%son who %e#iste%s in s'bstit'tion &o% anothe% whethe% with o% witho't the latte%As knowled#e o% consent. 6>7 An" !e%son who ta+!e%s with o% chan#es witho't a'tho%it" an" data o% ent%" in an" $ote%As a!!lication &o% %e#ist%ation. 6?7 An" !e%son who dela"s( hinde%s o% obst%'ct anothe% &%o+ %e#iste%in#.

6.7 An" !e%son who &alsel" ce%ti&ies o% identi&ies anothe% as a bona &ide %esident o& a !a%tic'la% !lace o% localit" &o% the !'%!ose o& sec'%in# the latte%As %e#ist%ation as a $ote%. 61/7 An" !e%son who 'ses the $ote%As a&&ida$it o& anothe% &o% the !'%!ose o& $otin#( whethe% o% not he act'all" s'cceeds in $otin#. 6117 An" !e%son who !laces( inse%ts o% othe%wise incl'des( as a!!%o$ed a!!lication &o% %e#ist%ation in the book o& $ote%s o% in the !%o$incial o% national cent%al &iles o& %e#iste%ed $ote%s( the a!!lication o& an" &ictitio's $ote% o% an" a!!lication that has not been a!!%o$ed0 o% %e+o$es &%o+( o% othe%wise takes o't o& the book o& $ote%s o% the !%o$incial o% national cent%al &iles o& %e#iste%ed $ote%s an" d'l" a!!%o$ed $ote%As a!!lication( e)ce!t '!on law&'l o%de% o& the Co++ission( o% o& a co+!etent co'%t o% a&te% !%o!e% cancellation as !%o$ided in Sections 1 ( 1 *( 1 3 and 1 4 he%eo&. 61 7 An" !e%son who t%ans&e%s o% ca'ses the t%ans&e% o& the %e#ist%ation %eco%d o& a $ote% to the book o& $ote%s o& anothe% !ollin# !lace( 'nless said t%ans&e% was d'e to a chan#e o& add%ess o& the $ote% and the $ote% was d'l" noti&ied o& his new !ollin# !lace. 61*7 An" !e%son who asks( de+ands( takes( acce!ts o% !ossesses( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( the $ote%As a&&ida$it o& anothe%( in o%de% to ind'ce the latte% to withhold his $ote( o% to $ote &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate in an election o% an" iss'e in a !lebiscite o% %e&e%end'+. It shall be !%es'+ed !%i+a &acie that the askin#( de+andin#( takin#( acce!tin#( o% !ossessin# is with s'ch intent i& done within the !e%iod be#innin# ten da"s be&o%e election da" and endin# ten da"s a&te% election da"( 'nless the $ote%As a&&ida$it o& anothe% and the latte% a%e both +e+be%s o& the sa+e &a+il". 6137 An" !e%son who deli$e%s( hands o$e%( ent%'sts( #i$es( di%ectl" o% indi%ectl" his $ote%As a&&ida$it to anothe% in conside%ation o& +one" o% othe% bene&it o% !%o+ises the%eo&( o% takes o% acce!ts s'ch $ote%As a&&ida$it di%ectl" o% indi%ectl"( b" #i$in# o% ca'sin# the #i$in# o& +one" o% othe% bene&it o% +akin# o% ca'sin# the +akin# o& a !%o+ise the%eo&. 6147 An" !e%son who alte%s in an" +anne%( tea%s( de&aces( %e+o$es o% dest%o"s an" ce%ti&ied list o& $ote%s. 61<7 An" !e%son who takes( ca%%ies o% !ossesses an" blank o% 'n'sed %e#ist%ation &o%+ al%ead" iss'ed to a cit" o% +'nici!alit"

o'tside o& said cit" o% +'nici!alit" e)ce!t as othe%wise !%o$ided in this Code o% when di%ected b" e)!%ess o%de% o& the co'%t o% o& the Co++ission. 61>7 An" !e%son who +alicio'sl" o+its( ta+!e%s o% t%ans&e%s to anothe% list the na+e o& a %e#iste%ed $ote% &%o+ the o&&icial list o& $ote%s !osted o'tside the !ollin# !lace. 687 On $otin#617 An" !e%son who &ails to cast his $ote witho't ;'sti&iable e)c'se. 6 7 An" !e%son who $otes +o%e than once in the sa+e election( o% who( not bein# a %e#iste%ed $ote%( $otes in an election. 6*7 An" !e%son who $otes in s'bstit'tion &o% anothe% whethe% with o% witho't the latte%As knowled#e andIo% consent. 637 An" !e%son who( not bein# illite%ate o% !h"sicall" disabled( allows his ballot to be !%e!a%ed b" anothe%( o% an" !e%son who !%e!a%es the ballot o& anothe% who is not illite%ate o% !h"sicall" disabled( with o% witho't the latte%As knowled#e andIo% consent. 647 An" !e%son who a$ails hi+sel& o& an" +eans o& sche+e to disco$e% the contents o& the ballot o& a $ote% who is !%e!a%in# o% castin# his $ote o% who has ;'st $oted. 6<7 An" $ote% who( in the co'%se o& $otin#( 'ses a ballot othe% than the one #i$en b" the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% has in his !ossession +o%e than one o&&icial ballot. 6>7 An" !e%son who !laces 'nde% a%%est o% detains a $ote% witho't law&'l ca'se( o% +olests hi+ in s'ch a +anne% as to obst%'ct o% !%e$ent hi+ &%o+ #oin# to the !ollin# !lace to cast his $ote o% &%o+ %et'%nin# ho+e a&te% castin# his $ote( o% to co+!el hi+ to %e$eal how he $oted. 6?7 An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s cha%#ed with the d't" o& %eadin# the ballot d'%in# the co'ntin# o& $otes who delibe%atel" o+its to %ead the $ote d'l" w%itten on the ballot( o% +is%eads the $ote act'all" w%itten the%eon o% %eads the na+e o& a candidate whe%e no na+e is w%itten on the ballot. 6.7 An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s cha%#ed with the d't" o& tall"in# the $otes in the tall" boa%d o% sheet( election %et'%ns o% othe% !%esc%ibed &o%+ who delibe%atel" &ails to %eco%d a $ote the%ein o% %eco%ds

e%%oneo'sl" the $otes as %ead( o% %eco%ds a $ote whe%e no s'ch $ote has been %ead b" the chai%+an. 61/7 An" +e+be% o& a boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s who has +ade !ossible the castin# o& +o%e $otes than the%e a%e %e#iste%ed $ote%s. 6117 An" !e%son who( &o% the !'%!ose o& dis%'!tin# o% obst%'ctin# the election !%ocess o% ca'sin# con&'sion a+on# the $ote%s( !%o!a#ates &alse and ala%+in# %e!o%ts o% in&o%+ation o% t%ans+its o% ci%c'lates &alse o%de%s( di%ecti$es o% +essa#es %e#a%din# an" +atte% %elatin# to the !%intin# o& o&&icial ballots( the !ost!one+ent o& the election( the t%ans&e% o& !ollin# !lace o% the #ene%al cond'ct o& the election. 61 7 An" !e%son who( witho't le#al a'tho%it"( dest%o"s( s'bstit'tes o% takes awa" &%o+ the !ossession o& those ha$in# le#al c'stod" the%eo&( o% &%o+ the !lace whe%e the" a%e le#all" de!osited( an" election &o%+ o% doc'+ent o% ballot bo) which contains o&&icial ballots o% othe% doc'+ents 'sed in the election. 61*7 An" !e%son ha$in# le#al c'stod" o& the ballot bo) containin# the o&&icial ballots 'sed in the election who o!ens o% dest%o"s said bo) o% %e+o$es o% dest%o"s its contents witho't o% a#ainst the o%de% o& the Co++ission o% who( th%o'#h his ne#li#ence( enables an" !e%son to co++it an" o& the a&o%e+entioned acts( o% takes awa" said ballot bo) &%o+ his c'stod". 6137 An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s who knowin#l" 'ses ballots othe% than the o&&icial ballots( e)ce!t in those cases whe%e the 'se o& e+e%#enc" ballots is a'tho%i8ed. 6147 An" !'blic o&&icial who ne#lects o% &ails to !%o!e%l" !%ese%$e o% acco'nt &o% an" ballot bo)( doc'+ents and &o%+s %ecei$ed b" hi+ and ke!t 'nde% his c'stod". 61<7 An" !e%son who %e$eals the contents o& the ballot o& an illite%ate o% disabled $ote% who+ he assisted in !%e!a%in# a ballot. 61>7 An" !e%son who( witho't a'tho%it"( t%ans&e%s the location o& a !ollin# !lace. 61?7 An" !e%son who( witho't a'tho%it"( !%ints o% ca'ses the !%intin# o& an" ballot o% election %et'%ns that a!!ea%s as o&&icial ballots o% election %et'%ns o% who dist%ib'tes o% ca'ses the sa+e to be dist%ib'ted &o% 'se in the election( whethe% o% not the" a%e act'all" 'sed.

61.7 An" !e%son who( witho't a'tho%it"( kee!s( 'ses o% ca%%ies o't o% ca'ses to be ke!t( 'sed o% ca%%ied o't( an" o&&icial ballot o% election %et'%ns o% !%inted !%oo& the%eo&( t"!e-&o%+ +o'ld( elect%o-t"!e !%intin# !lates and an" othe% !late( n'+be%in# +achines and othe% !%intin# !a%a!he%nalia bein# 'sed in connection with the !%intin# o& o&&icial ballots o% election %et'%ns. 6 /7 An" o&&icial o% e+!lo"ee o& an" !%intin# establish+ent o% o& the Co++ission o% an" +e+be% o& the co++ittee in cha%#e o& the !%intin# o& o&&icial ballots o% election %et'%ns who ca'ses o&&icial ballots o% election %et'%ns to be !%inted in 9'antities e)ceedin# those a'tho%i8ed b" the Co++ission o% who dist%ib'tes( deli$e%s( o% in an" +anne% dis!oses o& o% ca'ses to be dist%ib'ted( deli$e%ed( o% dis!osed o&( an" o&&icial ballot o% election %et'%ns to an" !e%son o% !e%sons not a'tho%i8ed b" law o% b" the Co++ission to %ecei$e o% kee! o&&icial ballots o% election %et'%ns o% who sends o% ca'ses the+ to be sent to an" !lace not desi#nated b" law o% b" the Co++ission. 6 17 An" !e%son who( th%o'#h an" act( +eans o% de$ice( $iolates the inte#%it" o& an" o&&icial ballot o% election %et'%ns be&o%e o% a&te% the" a%e 'sed in the election. 6 7 An" !e%son who %e+o$es( tea%s( de&aces o% dest%o"s an" ce%ti&ied list o& candidates !osted inside the $otin# booths d'%in# the ho'%s o& $otin#. 6 *7 An" !e%son who holds o% ca'ses the holdin# o& an election on an" othe% da" than that &i)ed b" law o% b" the Co++ission( o% sto!s an" election bein# le#all" held. 6 37 An" !e%son who delibe%atel" bl'%s his &in#e%!%int in the $otin# %eco%d. 6aa7 On Can$assin#617 An" chai%+an o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s who &ails to #i$e d'e notice o& the date( ti+e and !lace o& the +eetin# o& said boa%d to the candidates( !olitical !a%ties andIo% +e+be%s o& the boa%d. 6 7 An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s who !%oceeds with the can$ass o& the $otes andIo% !%ocla+ation o& an" candidate which was s's!ended o% ann'lled b" the Co++ission. 6*7 An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s who !%oceeds with the can$ass o& $otes andIo% !%ocla+ation o& an" candidate in the absence o& 9'o%'+( o% witho't #i$in# d'e notice o& the date( ti+e and !lace o& the

+eetin# o& the boa%d to the candidates( !olitical !a%ties( andIo% othe% +e+be%s o& the boa%d. 637 An" +e+be% o& the boa%d o& can$asse%s who( witho't a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission( 'ses in the can$ass o& $otes andIo% !%ocla+ation o& an" candidate an" doc'+ent othe% than the o&&icial co!" o& the election %et'%ns. 6bb7 Co++on to all boa%ds o& election ins!ecto%s and boa%ds o& can$asse%s617 An" +e+be% o& an" boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% boa%d o& can$asse%s who delibe%atel" absents hi+sel& &%o+ the +eetin#s o& said bod" &o% the !'%!ose o& obst%'ctin# o% dela"in# the !e%&o%+ance o& its d'ties o% &'nctions. 6 7 An" +e+be% o& an" boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% boa%d o& can$asse%s who( witho't ;'sti&iable %eason( %e&'ses to si#n and ce%ti&" an" election &o%+ %e9'i%ed b" this Code o% !%esc%ibed b" the Co++ission altho'#h he was !%esent d'%in# the +eetin# o& the said bod". 6*7 An" !e%son who( bein# ineli#ible &o% a!!oint+ent as +e+be% o& an" boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% boa%d o& can$asse%s( acce!ts an a!!oint+ent to said bod"( ass'+es o&&ice( and act'all" se%$es as a +e+be% the%eo&( o% an" o& !'blic o&&ice% o% an" !e%son actin# in his behal& who a!!oints s'ch ineli#ible !e%son knowin# hi+ to be ineli#ible. 637 An" !e%son who( in the !%esence o% within the hea%in# o& an" boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% boa%d o& can$asse%s d'%in# an" o& its +eetin#s( cond'cts hi+sel& in s'ch a diso%de%l" +anne% as to inte%%'!t o% dis%'!t the wo%k o% !%oceedin#s to the end o& !%e$entin# said bod" &%o+ !e%&o%+in# its &'nctions( eithe% !a%tl" o% totall". 647 An" !'blic o&&icial o% !e%son actin# in his behal& who %elie$es an" +e+be% o& an" boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% boa%d o& can$asse%s o% who chan#es o% ca'ses the chan#e o& the assi#n+ents o& an" +e+be% o& said boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s o% boa%d o& can$asse%s witho't a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission. 6cc7 On candidac" and ca+!ai#n617 An" !olitical !a%t" which holds !olitical con$entions o% +eetin#s to no+inate its o&&icial candidates ea%lie% that the !e%iod &i)ed in this Code.

6 7 An" !e%son who abst%acts( dest%o"s o% cancels an" ce%ti&icate o& candidac" d'l" &iled and which has not been cancelled '!on o%de% o& the Co++ission. 6*7 An" !e%son who +isleads the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s b" s'b+ittin# an" &alse o% s!'%io's ce%ti&icate o& candidac" o% doc'+ent to the !%e;'dice o& a candidate. 637 An" !e%son who( bein# a'tho%i8ed to %ecei$e ce%ti&icates o& candidac"( %ecei$es an" ce%ti&icate o& candidac" o'tside the !e%iod &o% &ilin# the sa+e and +akes it a!!ea% that said ce%ti&icate o& candidac" was &iled on ti+e0 o% an" !e%son who( b" +eans o& &%a'd( th%eat( inti+idation( te%%o%is+ o% coe%cion( ca'ses o% co+!els the co++ission o& said act. 647 An" !e%son who( b" an" de$ice o% +eans( ;a+s( obst%'cts o% inte%&e%es with a %adio o% tele$ision b%oadcast o& an" law&'l !olitical !%o#%a+. 6<7 An" !e%son who solicits $otes o% 'nde%takes an" !%o!a#anda( on the da" o& election( &o% o% a#ainst an" candidate o% an" !olitical !a%t" within the !ollin# !lace o% within a %adi's o& thi%t" +ete%s the%eo&. 6dd7 Othe% !%ohibitions617 An" !e%son who sells( &'%nishes( o&&e%s( b'"s( se%$es o% takes into)icatin# li9'o% on the da"s &i)ed b" law &o% the %e#ist%ation o& $ote%s in the !ollin# !lace( o% on the da" be&o%e the election o% on election da"P%o$ided( That hotels and othe% establish+ents d'l" ce%ti&ied b" the 1inist%" o& To'%is+ as to'%ist o%iented and habit'all" in the b'siness o& cate%in# to &o%ei#n to'%ists +a" be e)e+!ted &o% ;'sti&iable %easons '!on !%io% a'tho%it" o& the Co++ission- P%o$ided( &'%the%( That &o%ei#n to'%ists takin# into)icatin# li9'o% in said a'tho%i8ed hotels o% establish+ents a%e e)e+!ted &%o+ the !%o$isions o& this s'b!a%a#%a!h. 6 7 An" !e%son who o!ens in an" !ollin# !lace o% within a %adi's o& thi%t" +ete%s the%eo& on election da" and d'%in# the co'ntin# o& $otes( booths o% stalls o& an" kind &o% the sale( dis!ensin# o% dis!la" o& wa%es( +e%chandise o% %e&%esh+ents( whethe% solid o% li9'id( o% &o% an" othe% !'%!oses. 6*7 An" !e%son who holds on election da"( &ai%s( cock&i#hts( bo)in#( ho%se %aces( ;ai-alai o% an" othe% si+ila% s!o%ts. 637 Re&'sal to ca%%" election +ail +atte%. - An" o!e%ato% o% e+!lo"ee o& a !'blic 'tilit" o% t%ans!o%tation co+!an" o!e%atin# 'nde% a ce%ti&icate o& !'blic con$enience( incl'din# #o$e%n+ent-owned o% cont%olled !ostal se%$ice o% its e+!lo"ees o% de!'ti8ed a#ents who %e&'se to ca%%" o&&icial

election +ail +atte%s &%ee o& cha%#e d'%in# the election !e%iod. In addition to the !enalt" !%esc%ibed he%ein( s'ch %e&'sal shall constit'te a #%o'nd &o% cancellation o% %e$ocation o& ce%ti&icate o& !'blic con$enience o% &%anchise. 647 P%ohibition a#ainst disc%i+ination in the sale o& ai% ti+e. - An" !e%son who o!e%ates a %adio o% tele$ision station who witho't ;'sti&iable ca'se disc%i+inates a#ainst an" !olitical !a%t"( coalition o% a##%o'!+ent o& !a%ties o% an" candidate in the sale o& ai% ti+e. In addition to the !enalt" !%esc%ibed he%ein( s'ch %e&'sal shall constit'te a #%o'nd &o% cancellation o% %e$ocation o& the &%anchise. Sec. < . Othe% election o&&enses. - Violation o& the !%o$isions( o% !e%tinent !o%tions( o& the &ollowin# sections o& this Code shall constit'te election o&&enses- Sections .( 1?( >3( >4( ><( ?/( ?1( ? ( ?*( ?3( ?4( ?<( ?>( ??( ?.( .4( .<( .>( .?( ..( 1//( 1/1( 1/ ( 1/*( 1/3( 1/4( 1/< 1/>( 1/?( 1/.( 11/( 111( 11 ( 1 ( 1 *( 1 >( 1 ?( 1 .( 1* ( 1*3( 1*4( 134( 13?( 14/( 14 ( 1> ( 1>*( 1>3( 1>?( 1?/( 1? ( 1?3( 1?4( 1?<( 1?.( 1./( 1.1( 1. ( 1.3( 1.4( 1.<( 1.>( 1.?( / ( /*( /3( /4( /<( />( /?( /.( 1/( 11( 1 ( 1*( 13( 14( 1<( 1>( 1?( 1.( /( *( .( */( *1( **( *3( *4( *<( *. and 3/. Sec. <*. Pe%sons c%i+inall" liable. - The !%inci!als( acco+!lices( and accesso%ies( as de&ined in the Re$ised Penal Code( shall be c%i+inall" liable &o% election o&&enses. I& the one %es!onsible be a !olitical !a%t" o% an entit"( its !%esident o% head( the o&&icials and e+!lo"ees o& the sa+e( !e%&o%+in# d'ties connected with the o&&ense co++itted and its +e+be%s who +a" be !%inci!als( acco+!lices( o% accesso%ies shall be liable( in addition to the liabilit" o& s'ch !a%t" o% entit". Sec. <3. Penalties. - An" !e%son &o'nd #'ilt" o& an" election o&&ense 'nde% this Code shall be !'nished with i+!%ison+ent o& not less than one "ea% b't not +o%e than si) "ea%s and shall not be s'b;ect to !%obation. In addition( the #'ilt" !a%t" shall be sentenced to s'&&e% dis9'ali&ication to hold !'blic o&&ice and de!%i$ation o& the %i#ht o& s'&&%a#e. I& he is a &o%ei#ne%( he shall be sentenced to de!o%tation which shall be en&o%ced a&te% the !%ison te%+ has been se%$ed. An" !olitical !a%t" &o'nd #'ilt" shall be sentenced to !a" a &ine o& not less than ten tho'sand !esos( which shall be i+!osed '!on s'ch !a%t" a&te% c%i+inal action has been instit'ted in which thei% co%%es!ondin# o&&icials ha$e been &o'nd #'ilt". In case o& !%isone% o% !%isone%s ille#all" %eleased &%o+ an" !enitentia%" o% ;ail d'%in# the !%ohibited !e%iod as !%o$ided in Section <1( !a%a#%a!h 6n7 o& this Code( the di%ecto% o& !%isons( !%o$incial wa%den( kee!e% o& the ;ail o% !%ison( o% !e%sons who a%e %e9'i%ed b" law to kee! said !%isone% in thei% c'stod" shall( i& con$icted b" a co+!etent co'%t( be sentenced to s'&&e% the !enalt" o& !%ision +a"o% in its +a)i+'+ !e%iod i& the !%isone%

o% !%isone%s so ille#all" %eleased co++it an" act o& inti+idation( te%%o%is+ o& inte%&e%ence in the election. An" !e%son &o'nd #'ilt" o& the o&&ense o& &ail'%e to %e#iste% o% &ail'%e to $ote shall( '!on con$iction( be &ined one h'nd%ed !esos. In addition( he shall s'&&e% dis9'ali&ication to %'n &o% !'blic o&&ice in the ne)t s'cceedin# election &ollowin# his con$iction o% be a!!ointed to a !'blic o&&ice &o% a !e%iod o& one "ea% &ollowin# his con$iction. Sec. <4. P%osec'tion. - The Co++ission shall( th%o'#h its d'l" a'tho%i8ed le#al o&&ice%s( ha$e the e)cl'si$e !owe% to cond'ct !%eli+ina%" in$esti#ation o& all election o&&enses !'nishable 'nde% this Code( and to !%osec'te the sa+e. The Co++ission +a" a$ail o& the assistance o& othe% !%osec'tin# a%+s o& the #o$e%n+ent- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That in the e$ent that the Co++ission &ails to act on an" co+!laint within &o'% +onths &%o+ his &ilin#( the co+!lainant +a" &ile the co+!laint with the o&&ice o& the &iscal o% with the 1inist%" o& B'stice &o% !%o!e% in$esti#ation and !%osec'tion( i& wa%%anted. Sec. <<. A%%est in connection with the election ca+!ai#n. - No !e%son shall be a%%ested andIo% detained at an" ti+e &o% an" alle#ed o&&ense co++itted d'%in# and in connection with an" election th%o'#h an" act o% lan#'a#e tendin# to s'!!o%t o% o!!ose an" candidate( !olitical !a%t" o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties 'nde% o% !'%s'ant to an" o%de% o& whate$e% na+e o% nat'%e and b" who+soe$e% iss'ed e)ce!t onl" '!on a wa%%ant o& a%%est iss'ed b" a co+!etent ;'d#e a&te% all the %e9'i%e+ents o& the Constit'tion shall ha$e been st%ictl" co+!lied with. I& the o&&ense cha%#ed is !'nishable 'nde% a !%esidential dec%ee whethe% o%i#inall" o% b" a+end+ent o& a !%e$io's law( the death !enalt" shall not be i+!osed '!on the o&&ende% e)ce!t whe%e +'%de%( %a!e o% a%son is in$ol$ed. In all cases( the !enalt" shall not be hi#he% than %ecl'sion !e%!et'a and the o&&ende% shall be entitled to %easonable bail '!on s'&&icient s'%eties to be #%anted s!eedil" b" the co+!etent co'%t. 1o%eo$e%( loss o& the %i#ht o& citi8enshi! and con&iscation o& !%o!e%t" shall not be i+!osed. An" o&&ice% o% a !e%son who shall $iolate an" !%o$ision o& this section shall be !'nished b" i+!%ison+ent o& not less than si) 6<7 "ea%s and one 617 da" no% +o%e than twel$e 61 7 "ea%s( with the accesso%" !enalties &o% election o&&enses. The !%o$ision o& Section <> o& this Code shall not a!!l" to !%osec'tion 'nde% this section. Sec. <>. P%esc%i!tion. - Election o&&enses shall !%esc%ibe a&te% &i$e "ea%s &%o+ the date o& thei% co++ission. I& the disco$e%" o& the o&&ense be +ade in an election contest !%oceedin#s( the !e%iod o& !%esc%i!tion shall

co++ence on the date on which the ;'d#+ent in s'ch !%oceedin#s beco+es &inal and e)ec'to%". Sec. <?. B'%isdiction o& co'%ts. - The %e#ional t%ial co'%t shall ha$e the e)cl'si$e o%i#inal ;'%isdiction to t%" and decide an" c%i+inal action o% !%oceedin#s &o% $iolation o& this Code( e)ce!t those %elatin# to the o&&ense o& &ail'%e to %e#iste% o% &ail'%e to $ote which shall be 'nde% the ;'%isdiction o& the +et%o!olitan o% +'nici!al t%ial co'%ts. =%o+ the decision o& the co'%ts( a!!eal will lie as in othe% c%i+inal cases. Sec. <.. P%e&e%ential dis!osition o& election o&&enses. - The in$esti#ation and !%osec'tion o& cases in$ol$in# $iolations o& the election laws shall be #i$en !%e&e%ence and !%io%it" b" the Co++ission on Elections and !%osec'tin# o&&icials. Thei% in$esti#ation shall be co++enced witho't dela"( and shall be %esol$ed b" the in$esti#atin# o&&ice% within &i$e da"s &%o+ its s'b+ission &o% %esol'tion. The co'%ts shall likewise #i$e !%e&e%ence to election o&&enses o$e% all othe% cases( e)ce!t !etitions &o% w%it o& habeas co%!'s. Thei% t%ial shall likewise be co++enced witho't dela"( and shall be cond'cted contin'o'sl" 'ntil te%+inated( and the case shall be decided within thi%t" da"s &%o+ its s'b+ission &o% decision. ARTICLE GGIII. LEGAL =EES Sec. >/. Collection o& le#al &ees. - The Co++ission is he%eb" a'tho%i8ed to collect &ees as &ollows6a7 =o% &'%nishin# ce%ti&ied t%ansc%i!t o& %eco%ds o% co!ies o& an" %eco%d( decision o% %'lin# o% ent%" o& which an" !e%son is entitled to de+and and %ecei$e a co!"( &o% e$e%" !a#e P .// 6b7 =o% e$e%" ce%ti&icate o% w%it o% !%ocess 1/.// 6c7 =o% each ce%ti&icate not on !%ocess .// 6d7 In a!!%o!%iate cases( &o% &ilin# a second and s'cceedin# +otions &o% %econside%ation 4/.// 6e7 =o% e$e%" sea%ch o& an" %eco%d o& +o%e than one "ea%As standin# and %eadin# the sa+e 1/.// Sec. >1. Pa"+ent o& =ees. - The &ees +entioned in the !%ecedin# section shall be !aid to the cashie% o& the Co++ission who shall in all cases iss'e a %ecei!t &o% the sa+e and shall ente% the a+o'nt %ecei$ed '!on his book s!eci&"in# the date when %ecei$ed( the &ee( and the !e%son &%o+

who+ %ecei$ed. The cashie% shall i++ediatel" %e!o%t s'ch !a"+ent to the Co++ission. ARTICLE GGIV. TRANSITORH PROVISIONS Sec. > . Pendin# actions. - Pendin# actions and ca'ses o& action a%isin# be&o%e the e&&ecti$it" o& this Code shall be #o$e%ned b" the laws then in &o%ce. Sec. >*. @esi#nation o& ce%tain !%e-election acts i++ediatel" a&te% the a!!%o$al o& this Code. - I& it sho'ld no lon#e% be %easonabl" !ossible to obse%$e the !e%iods and dates he%ein !%esc%ibed &o% ce%tain !%e-election acts in the election i++ediatel" &ollowin# the a!!%o$al o& this Code( the Co++ission shall &i) othe% !e%iods in o%de% to ens'%e that $ote%s shall not be de!%i$ed o& thei% %i#ht o& s'&&%a#e. Sec. >3. Acc%editation o& do+inant o!!osition !a%t". - =o% !'%!oses o& the ne)t local elections in 1.?< and the ne)t !%esidential elections in 1.?> o% ea%lie%( the do+inant o!!osition !a%t" shall be that !olitical !a%t"( #%o'! o% o%#ani8ation o% coalition o& +a;o% national o% %e#ional !olitical !a%ties o!!osed to the +a;o%it" !a%t" which has the ca!abilit" to wa#e a bona &ide nationwide ca+!ai#n as shown b" the e)tent o& its o%#ani8ation and the n'+be% o& 1e+be%s o& Pa%lia+ent a&&iliated with it- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That with s!eci&ic %e&e%ence to the ne)t local elections in constit'encies which a%e %e!%esented in the 2atasan# Pa+bansa b" 1e+be%s who do not belon# eithe% to the +a;o%it" !a%t" o% to the !olitical !a%t" o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties desc%ibed abo$e( the %e!%esentati$es o& the o!!osition in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s( boa%d o& can$asse%s o% othe% si+ila% bodies shall be !%o!osed e)cl'si$el" b" the !a%t" to which said 1e+be% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa belon#- P%o$ided( howe$e%( That it is %e#iste%ed be&o%e the ne)t local elections. An" !olitical !a%t"( #%o'! o% o%#ani8ation o% coalition o& !olitical !a%ties seekin# acc%editation 'nde% this section shall &ile a $e%i&ied !etition with the Co++ission on Elections statin# the%ein s'ch in&o%+ation as +a" be necessa%" to enable the Co++ission to dete%+ine the 9'ali&ications &o% acc%editation in acco%dance with the standa%d he%ein !%o$ided. The Co++ission on Elections shall acc%edit the do+inant o!!osition !a%t" not late% than thi%t" da"s be&o%e the ca+!ai#n !e%iod in e$e%" election. In case a !%esidential election is held be&o%e the ne)t local elections o% be&o%e the !%esidential election in 1.?>( the !%o$isions o& the Constit'tion

shall be en&o%ced in dete%+inin# which shall be the do+inant o!!osition !a%t" &o% !'%!oses o& the ne)t local elections. Sec. >4. Pa%t" %e!%esentati$es in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. - ,ntil s'ch ti+e as the two acc%edited !olitical !a%ties a%e dete%+ined in acco%dance with the !%o$isions o& the Constit'tion( the two +e+be%s shall each be !%o!osed b" the %'lin# !a%t" and the do+inant o!!osition !a%t" as +a" be dete%+ined b" the Co++ission !'%s'ant to the !%o$isions o& this Code. Sec. ><. A!!%o!%iations( and ins'%ance &o% boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s. The cost o& holdin# the ne)t local elections !%o$ided in this Code shall be &'nded o't o& the c'%%ent a!!%o!%iations o& the Co++ission on Elections !%o$ided &o% this !'%!ose. In case o& de&icienc"( additional &'ndin# +a" be !%o$ided o't o& the s!ecial acti$ities &'nd intended &o% s!ecial !%io%it" acti$ities a'tho%i8ed in the Gene%al A!!%o!%iations Act. The chai%+an and the !oll cle%k o& the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall %ecei$e !e% die+ at the %ate o& one h'nd%ed !esos on election da" and &i&t" !esos on each o& the %e#ist%ation and %e$ision da"s. The ins!ecto%s o& the !olitical !a%ties shall be #%anted a !e% die+ o& &i&t" !esos on election da" and twent"-&i$e !esos on each o& the %e#ist%ation and %e$ision da"s. Ed'cation s'!!o%t !e%sonnel o& the 1inist%" o& Ed'cation( C'lt'%e and S!o%ts shall %ecei$e a !e% die+ o& twent"-&i$e !esos d'%in# election da". S'!e%$iso%s( !%inci!als and othe% ad+inist%ato%s o& the 1inist%" o& Ed'cation( C'lt'%e and S!o%ts who +a" be asked b" the Co++ission( and act'all" %e!o%t( &o% s'!e%$iso%" assi#n+ent d'%in# %e#ist%ation and election da" shall be entitled to a !e% die+ o& &i&t" !esos. The !%o$incial( cit" and +'nici!al t%eas'%e%s shall %ecei$e !e% die+ at the %ate o& one h'nd%ed !esos on election da". Pa"+ents o& !e% die+s 'nde% this section shall be +ade within se$ent"two ho'%s a&te% the election o% %e#ist%ation da". The chai%+an( !oll cle%k and !a%t" %e!%esentati$es in the boa%d o& election ins!ecto%s shall be ins'%ed with the #o$e%n+ent Se%$ice Ins'%ance S"ste+ at &i&t" tho'sand !esos each 'nde% te%+s and conditions that shall be a#%eed '!on b" the Chai%+an o& the Co++ission( the 1inist%ies o& the 2'd#et( and the 1iniste% o& Ed'cation( C'lt'%e and S!o%ts. Sec. >>. S!ecial election &o% P%esident be&o%e 1.?>. - In case a $acanc" in the O&&ice o& the P%esident occ'%s be&o%e the !%esidential election in 1.?>( the S!eake% o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall act as P%esident 'ntil a

P%esident and a Vice-P%esident o% eithe% o& the+ shall ha$e been elected and shall ha$e 9'ali&ied. Thei% te%+ o& o&&ice shall co++ence at noon o& the tenth da" &ollowin# thei% !%ocla+ation( and shall end at noon on the thi%tieth da" o& B'ne o& the si)th "ea% the%ea&te%. The Actin# P%esident +a" not decla%e +a%tial law o% s's!end the !%i$ile#e o& the w%it o& habeas co%!'s witho't the !%io% consent o& at least a +a;o%it" o& all the 1e+be%s o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa( o% iss'e an" dec%ee( o%de% o% lette% o& inst%'ctions while the law+akin# !owe% o& the P%esident is in &o%ce. 5e shall be dee+ed a'to+aticall" on lea$e and the S!eake% P%o-Te+!o%e shall act as S!eake%. :hile actin# as P%esident( the S!eake% +a" not be %e+o$ed. 5e shall not be eli#ible &o% election in the i++ediatel" s'cceedin# election &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident. The 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall( at ten oAclock in the +o%nin# o& the thi%d da" a&te% the $acanc" occ'%s( con$ene in acco%dance with its %'les witho't need o& a call and within se$en da"s enact a law callin# &o% a s!ecial election to elect a P%esident and a Vice-!%esident to be held not ea%lie% than &o%t"-&i$e da"s no% late% than si)t" da"s &%o+ the ti+e o& s'ch call. The bill callin# s'ch s!ecial election shall be dee+ed ce%ti&ied 'nde% !a%a#%a!h 6 7( Section 1.( A%ticle VIII o& the Constit'tion and shall beco+e law '!on its a!!%o$al on thi%d %eadin# b" the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. A!!%o!%iations &o% the s!ecial election shall be cha%#ed a#ainst an" c'%%ent a!!%o!%iations and shall be e)e+!t &%o+ the %e9'i%e+ents o& !a%a#%a!h 637( Section 1< o& A%ticle VIII o& the Constit'tion. As !%o$ided in the thi%d !a%a#%a!h( Section . o& A%ticle VII the%eo&( the con$enin# o& the 2atasan# Pa+bansa cannot be s's!ended no% the s!ecial election !ost!oned. No s!ecial election shall be called i& the $acanc" occ'%s within se$ent" da"s be&o%e the date o& the !%esidential election o& 1.?>. A!!oint+ents e)tended b" the Actin# P%esident shall %e+ain e&&ecti$e( 'nless %e$oked b" the newl" elected P%esident within ninet" da"s &%o+ his ass'+!tion o& o&&ice. Sec. >?. S!ecial election to &ill e)istin# $acancies in the 2atasan# Pa+bansa. - The election o& 1e+be%s to &ill e)istin# $acancies in the 2atasan# Pa+bansa shall be held si+'ltaneo'sl" with the ne)t local election in 1.?< o% in the ne)t s!ecial national election &o% P%esident and Vice-P%esident i& one is held ea%lie%. Sec. >.. Electi$e o&&icials in e)istin# s'b-!%o$inces. - The election o& electi$e !'blic o&&icials in e)istin# s'b-!%o$inces shall likewise be held si+'ltaneo'sl" with the ne)t local elections o& 1.?< and 1../ in acco%dance with thei% %es!ecti$e cha%te%s( s'b;ect to the sa+e te%+( 9'ali&ications( +anne% o& election and %esol'tion o& election cont%o$e%sies

as a%e he%ein !%o$ided &o% co+!a%able !%o$incial electi$e o&&icials. ARTICLE GGV. =INAL PROVISIONS Sec. ?/. Reo%#ani8ation o& the Co++ission on Elections. - In o%de% to !%o+ote +a)i+'+ e&&icienc" in ca%%"in# o't its constit'tional d't" to ins'%e &%ee( o%de%l" and honest elections and in discha%#in# its ;'dicial !owe%s and &'nctions 'nde% the Constit'tion( the Co++ission is he%eb" a'tho%i8ed to %eo%#ani8e its o&&ice within twel$e +onths a&te% the &i%st election to be held 'nde% this Code. It +a" c%eate( +e%#e( o% abolish de!a%t+ents( o&&ices( di$isions o% 'nits( %edist%ib'te &'nctions and %eassi#n !e%sonnel( chan#e desi#nations o& e)istin# !ositions s'b;ect to !e%tinent e)istin# laws and %e#'lations. It +a" %eco++end the le$els and %ates o& sala%ies o& its s'bo%dinate o&&icials and e+!lo"ees s'b;ect to the laws and %e#'lations on ci$il se%$ice and co+!ensation( !osition classi&ication and standa%di8ation o& sala%ies- P%o$ided( That no !e%+anent o&&icial o% e+!lo"ee al%ead" in the se%$ice o& the Co++ission( '!on a!!%o$al o& this Code( shall be laid o&&( o% de+oted in %ank o% sala%". Sec. ?1. Se!a%abilit" cla'se. - I& &o% an" %eason an" section o% !%o$ision o& this Code( o% an" !o%tion the%eo&( o% the a!!lication o& s'ch section( !%o$ision o% !o%tion to an" !e%son( #%o'! o% ci%c'+stance is decla%ed in$alid o% 'nconstit'tional( the %e+ainde% o& this Code o% the a!!lication o& s'ch section( !%o$ision o% !o%tion the%eo& to othe% !e%sons( #%o'!s o% ci%c'+stances shall not be a&&ected b" s'ch decla%ation. Sec. ? . Re!ealin# cla'se. - P%esidential @ec%ee No. 1 .<( othe%wise known as The 1.>? Election Code( as a+ended( is he%eb" %e!ealed. All othe% election laws( dec%ees( e)ec'ti$e o%de%s( %'les and %e#'lations( o% !a%ts the%eo&( inconsistent with the !%o$isions o& this Code a%e he%eb" %e!ealed( e)ce!t P%esidential @ec%ee No. 1<1? and 2atas Pa+bansa 2l#. / #o$e%nin# the election o& the +e+be%s o& the San##'nian# Pa+!ook o& Re#ions IG and GII. Sec. ?*. E&&ecti$it". - This Code shall take e&&ect '!on its a!!%o$al. A!!%o$ed- @ece+be% *( 1.?4