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Criticism and Its Types

This document discusses different types of criticism. It defines criticism and outlines 5 main types: 1) Impressionistic Criticism, which is subjective, 2) Interpretative Criticism, which analyzes components of a work, 3) Scientific Criticism, which applies scientific methods, 4) Judicial Criticism, which judges based on set rules or standards, and 5) Book Reviewing, which provides an introduction and overview of strengths and weaknesses. Each type is further broken down into sub-categories or approaches.

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2K views

Criticism and Its Types

This document discusses different types of criticism. It defines criticism and outlines 5 main types: 1) Impressionistic Criticism, which is subjective, 2) Interpretative Criticism, which analyzes components of a work, 3) Scientific Criticism, which applies scientific methods, 4) Judicial Criticism, which judges based on set rules or standards, and 5) Book Reviewing, which provides an introduction and overview of strengths and weaknesses. Each type is further broken down into sub-categories or approaches.

Uploaded by

jhan ali
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BY ALI HASSAN RAJPER 1

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of the paper is to give brief introduction of
criticism and its various types.

INTRODUCTION:

Criticism is not an art of fault – finding. It is the complete


dissection of a work on various bases. A critic apart from bringing to
light the qualities of a piece of work guides the creation too.
The field of criticism is further subdivided into the following
branches.
1. Impressionistic Criticism.
2. Judicial Criticism.
3. Interpretative Criticism.
4. Scientific Criticism.
5. Book Reviewing.

CRITICISM AND ITS TYPES

CRITCISM:-

The following are some of the famous definitions of


criticism.
“Criticism is any helligent discussion of literature
-W. Shumaker.
“A disinterested endeavour to learn and propagate the best
that is known and thought in the world”.
Mathew Arnold
“The appreciation or estimation of works of arts”.
The American Dictionary of
Philosophy and Psychology.
“The art of judging the qualities and values of an aesthetic
object”.
Encyclopedia Britanica.
“the art of estimating the qualities and character of literary
or artistic work”
New English Dictionary.
BY ALI HASSAN RAJPER 2
Keeping in view the above definitions we can conclude that
“Criticism is an intelligent inquiry into a work of art to anwrser three
questions”.
1. What the artist has tried to express?
2. How has he succeeded in expressing it?
3. Was it worth expressing?
In other words: Criticism may be defined as an “attempt to
Understand and appreciate the strengths and faults of an artist and
thus pronounce a final judgment on the value of an art”.

TYPE OF CRITICISM
Criticism may be classified into the following types.
1. Impressionistic Criticism
2. Interpretative Criticism
3. Scientific Criticism
4. Judicial Criticism
5. Book Reviewing

(1). IMPRESSIONISTIC CRITICISM

This type of criticism is based upon the readers subjective


responsive to the work of art. Different readers reading the same book
will have different views / remarks about the book. Their views
(Criticism) depend upon their taste and need. Therefore, no two readers
will agree on the worth of all aspects of a work of art.
This type of criticism is further subdivided into the following
branches
(a) Relativistic Criticism
(b) Absolutistic Criticism

INTERPRETATIVE CRITICISM

The purpose of interpretative criticism is to dissect the piece


of art, to study its qualities of beauty and power from within, to and
analyze the different components of work. Thus the duty of the
interpretative critic is to bring to light the strengths and faults of a work
by explaining, analyzing and unfolding its various components in this
way he knows and helps us to know the piece of art in it self without
passing any verdict on it.

The interpretative criticism is further sub-divided into:


BY ALI HASSAN RAJPER 3
(1) Linguistic criticism
(2) Biographical criticism
(3) Comparative criticism
(4) Historical
(5) Textual

a. Linguistic criticism

Linguistic critic studies the words their sounds, formation


variation as well as evolution of work in a piece of work.

b. Biographical criticism

This critic following these types of criticism studies the life


of the artist in order to understand his work. Because it is believed that
every work shows the image of its creation.

C. Comparative Criticism

This criticism applies the method of comparing the two


authors, the works of two different authors in order to get some useful
information.

d. Historical Criticism

This type of criticism emphasizes upon the study of a piece


of art while keeping in mind the historical background.

SCIENTIFIC CRITICISM
In scientific criticism, the critic applies the methods of
science on a piece of work. The technique of scientific criticism is not
new. Plato has discussed this method in his popular book Ion. However,
with the advancement of science, application of scientific procedure in
criticism has increased.
The ideal of scientific criticism is to provide accurate
observation of the literacy object and the processes of its production and
reception analysis of these into their elements, and exact description and
classification of them in terms of these elements, and their combinations.
BY ALI HASSAN RAJPER 4

BOOK REVIEWING

Book reviewing, as a type of criticism is of recent origin. It


grew with the publication of different books journals and periodicals. In a
book review, the critic gives the introduction of the book its author,
subject matter, and its strengths and weakness. Book reviewing serves a
brief introduction and exposition of a book.

JUDICIAL CRITICISM
In judicial criticism the prevailing notions of criticism are
dominated by the idea of assaying as if its functions were to taste the
soundness, and estimate the comparative value of literacy works. It is
largely concerned with the question of the order of merit among literacy
works. It also rests on the idea that the laws of literature are like the laws
of morality or state. Therefore, we should apply only those moral
standards which are present in work it self. Judicial criticism judges the
pieces of art and on the basis of certain formulated. Rules the two well
known judicial critics in English literature are Addison and Johnson.
BY ALI HASSAN RAJPER 5

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Abercrombie, L. Principles of Literacy

Criticism.

2. Atkins, J.W.H. English Literacy Criticism.

3. Crane, R.S. Critics and Criticism: Ancient and

Modern.

4. Elton, William: A Guide to the new Criticism.

5. Evans, B.Ifor: Limits of Literacy Criticism.

6. Grierson, H.J.C. Criticism and Creation.

7. Howe, Irving: Modern Literacy Criticism.

8. Wellek, Rene: Concepts of Criticism.

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