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Engineering Electromagnetics: Vector Analysis

This chapter introduces vector analysis concepts and their application in rectangular, cylindrical, and spherical coordinate systems. Key topics covered include: vector addition and properties, defining coordinate systems, differential volume elements, orthogonal unit vectors, vector representations and expressions, vector fields, dot and cross products, and transforming vectors between coordinate systems. Examples are provided for transforming vectors into different coordinate systems.

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Yousif Alanazi
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
95 views

Engineering Electromagnetics: Vector Analysis

This chapter introduces vector analysis concepts and their application in rectangular, cylindrical, and spherical coordinate systems. Key topics covered include: vector addition and properties, defining coordinate systems, differential volume elements, orthogonal unit vectors, vector representations and expressions, vector fields, dot and cross products, and transforming vectors between coordinate systems. Examples are provided for transforming vectors into different coordinate systems.

Uploaded by

Yousif Alanazi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Electromagnetics

W. H. Hayt, Jr. and J. A. Buck

Chapter 1: Vector Analysis

1-1

Vector Addition

Associative Law: Distributive Law:

1-2

Rectangular Coordinate System

1-3

Point Locations in Rectangular Coordinates

1-4

Differential Volume Element

1-5

Summary

1-6

Orthogonal Vector Components

1-7

Orthogonal Unit Vectors

1-8

Vector Representation in Terms of Orthogonal Rectangular Components

1-9

Summary

1-10

Vector Expressions in Rectangular Coordinates


General Vector, B: Magnitude of B:

Unit Vector in the Direction of B:


1-11

Example

1-12

Vector Field
We are accustomed to thinking of a specific vector:

A vector field is a function defined in space that has magnitude and direction at all points:

where r = (x,y,z)

1-13

The Dot Product

Commutative Law:

1-14

Vector Projections Using the Dot Product

B a gives the component of B in the horizontal direction

(B a) a gives the vector component of B in the horizontal direction

1-15

Operational Use of the Dot Product


Given

Find

where we have used:

Note also:
1-16

Cross Product

1-17

Operational Definition of the Cross Product in Rectangular Coordinates


Begin with:

where
Therefore:

Or
1-18

Circular Cylindrical Coordinates

Point P has coordinates Specified by P(z)

1-19

Orthogonal Unit Vectors in Cylindrical Coordinates

1-20

Differential Volume in Cylindrical Coordinates

dV = dddz
1-21

Summary

1-22

Point Transformations in Cylindrical Coordinates

1-23

Dot Products of Unit Vectors in Cylindrical and Rectangular Coordinate Systems

1-24

Example
Transform the vector,

into cylindrical coordinates:

1-25

Transform the vector,

into cylindrical coordinates: Start with:

1-26

Transform the vector,

into cylindrical coordinates: Then:

1-27

Transform the vector,

into cylindrical coordinates: Finally:

1-28

Spherical Coordinates

Point P has coordinates Specified by P(r)

1-29

Constant Coordinate Surfaces in Spherical Coordinates

1-30

Unit Vector Components in Spherical Coordinates

1-31

Differential Volume in Spherical Coordinates

dV = r2sindrdd

1-32

Dot Products of Unit Vectors in the Spherical and Rectangular Coordinate Systems

1-33

Example: Vector Component Transformation


Transform the field, , into spherical coordinates and components

1-34

Summary Illustrations

1-35

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