The M1 Virtual Font Package

M1 Fonts for L
A
T
E
X2
t
Version 2.0
Including CMTT Fonts
Jens-Peer Kuska
May 2002
1
Contents
1 Introduction 4
2 Installation and Files 6
2.1 MikT
E
X on a Windows System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 teT
E
X on a Unix System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.3 Words of Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.4 More Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.5 Using Ghostscript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3 Using Fonts with L
A
T
E
X2
:
10
4 Symbol Names 12
5 Changes 12
6 Bug Reports 17
7 Copyright 17
Appendix: Character Tables 18
2
List of Tables
1 Metric les in the distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2 Additional characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3 Script characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4 Double-struck characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5 Gothic characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6 Integral signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7 Logical operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8 Additional and changed arrows 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
9 Additional and changed arrows 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
10 Additional and changed arrows 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
11 Extensible horizontal arrows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
12 Dots as time derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
13 Over- and underbraces, brackets, and so on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
14 Relations and negated binary relations 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
15 Relations and negated binary relations 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
16 Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
17 Text symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
18 Shapes and icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
19 Mathematica specials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3
1 Introduction
Mathematica comes with a full set of mathematical fonts in PostScript format. These
fonts can be used to typeset mathematical texts in the standard PostScript font, Times-
Roman. To use the fonts with T
E
X and the macro package L
A
T
E
X2
t
[2], you need
more than just the plain PostScript Type 1 fonts. T
E
X must be given the dimensions of
the characters and, for typesetting mathematics, T
E
X needs the information on how to
change the sizes of the operators and delimiters coded in the fonts [3].
T
E
X normally uses the Computer Modern fonts. These fonts are generated by the
METAFONT program. METAFONT produces bitmap fonts, which are optimized for
the resolution of the ouput device. These bitmap fonts are included in the PostScript
output as Type 3 fonts. When the PostScript le is printed on a device with a different
resolution, the bitmap fonts are scaled and the high quality of the METAFONT output
is lost. Most PostScript fonts are scalable-outline Type 1 fonts. The use of Type 1 fonts
retains the resolution independence of the PostScript le. METAFONT cannot create
Type 1 fonts, but most modern T
E
X distrubutions come with Type 1 versions of the
Computer Modern family.
Changing the text fonts to another font, like Times, produces a PostScript output
with mixed Type 1 fonts in text and Computer Modern fonts in the mathematics mode.
Since Computer Modern does not t well with Times, you need mathematical fonts
designed for use with Times. These fonts are typically available commercially. The
problem is that T
E
Xs mathematical fonts use characters from the fonts for ordinary
text. Operators, such as sin x and log z, use the operator font and the variables, like x,
use the math-italic font. A new text font also needs new versions of T
E
Xs operator and
math-italic font, otherwise italic and italic use different fonts. To allowgreater freedom
of fonts for the text, the font package includes fonts to use with Times, Janson, and
Adobe Garamond. For each base font, an operator and a math-italic font are included.
The rst font is a standard PostScript font, the next two are commercial fonts
1
. The
Mathematica Journal uses Janson as its text font and now the virtual fonts are included
to generate a similar layout. The new package options palatino, garamond, and
janson select the new text, operator, and math-italic fonts.
Since Mathematicas input is traditionally typeset with monospaced fonts, the type-
setting of Mathematica sessions needs monospaced mathematics fonts available only
from the original Mathematica fonts. Additionally the Mathematica fonts offer more
symbols than the traditional Computer Modern fonts. The symbols for natural, real,
and complex numbers (, R, and C) are included, as well as path integrals, such as
}
I
,
f (z), dz, and surface integrals.
Mathematicas Type 1 fonts cannot be used directly with T
E
X. There are some
basic differences between Type 1 fonts and T
E
X fonts. The most notable difference is
that T
E
X fonts include the information needed for mathematical typesetting. The T
E
X
metric les (*.tfm) include information on how extensible symbols are created from its
pieces and how integral and sum signs are enlarged. The virtual font package adds this
information and offers a set of macros to access the characters in the fonts.
Asecond monospaced font set called MathCMTTis used to typeset The Mathematica
1
To use the commercial fonts, you have to buy the Type 1 fonts from Adobe.
4
Figure 1: Add the path for the font package tree to the TDS root directories of MikTeX.
Book, besides the fonts that come with the Mathematica distribution. These fonts are
narrower than the usual Courier/MathMono combination. This makes the fonts ideal
for typesetting the two-column In[]/Out[] dialogs
2
in The Mathematica book. In
addition to the mathematical symbols, the MathCMTT fonts also replace the standard
typewriter font. The new option cmtt allows the usage of narrow MathCMTT fonts.
T
E
X provides the virtual font mechanism to allow you to borrow characters from
certain fonts and to assemble new ones. Mathematica has introduced some new sym-
bols, such as i =
_
1 and : for the base of the natural logarithm and the mathematical
alphabets Doale5racJ, Gafh|c, and Scr/p/ with lowercase letters. Similar mathe-
matical alphabets can be found in the font sets of the American Mathematical Society
(AMS). The virtual fonts, w*.vf and w*.tfm, and the style le, wrisym.sty, replace the
standard Computer Modern fonts. The four mathematical fonts for operators, letters,
symbols, and extensible symbols are replaced by the virtual fonts of the w* family.
The rst 128 characters of the new fonts conform to the standard T
E
X encoding for
mathematical fonts. Some of the slots with higher character codes are used for the new
symbols. The main part of wrisym.sty deals with the setup of the new symbols.
The standard options will use Times-Roman and Helvetica, the garamond option
uses Adobe Garamond and Optima, and the janson option uses Janson and Futura for
text and sans serif text. The sans serif font is not used by the mathematical fonts and
is only set to give a suggestion for the sans serif font in the document.
The virtual fonts were created with Alan Jeffreys fontinst package [1].
2
The font package itself offers no macros to create such dialogs. It contains only the character denitions.
5
Figure 2: Refresh the le name data base.
2 Installation and Files
All the les come in a single archive le with a TDS (T
E
X Directory Structure) conform
structure. MikTeX and teT
E
X support multiple root directories for the TDS tree. The
best way to install the font package is to unpack the archive le of the font pack and to
add the expanded tree to the TDS root directories searched by your T
E
X installation.
2.1 MikT
E
X on a Windows System
Expand the archive in a folder like MathematicaFontPack. Open the MikT
E
X
| MikT
E
X Options program, choose the Roots section, and add the directory
MathematicaFontPack\texmf to the root directories (see Figure 1). Refresh the le
name database (see Figure 2). Modify the cong.ps le and the pdftex.cfg by adding
the map les. For cong.ps the section for the PostScript font mapping should look
like this:
% An "all- in- one" psfonts.map.
p psfonts.map
% and the LaserWriter 35 fonts *not* in Acrobat. pdftex loads
% these differently
p +lw35extra.mapfile
p +wolfram.map
The cong.ps le should be in the texmf\dvips\cong directory. The conguration
pdftex.cfg for pdftex must also be changed and should look like this:
pk_resolution 600
6
output_format 1
compress_level 9
decimal_digits 3
page_width 210 true mm
page_height 297 true mm
horigin 1 true in
vorigin 1 true in
map psfonts.map
map +pdfwolfram.map
The conguration le should be in texmf\pdftex\cong. Now this document should
compile with L
A
T
E
X and pdatex.
For fpTeX on a Windows system, the instructions for teT
E
X should be used.
2.2 teT
E
X on a Unix System
teT
E
X also allows multiple TDS root directories. If the font package archive is ex-
panded in /usr/local/tex/MathematicaFontPack, the new TDS root must be added to
the texmf.cfg le. This le can be found in the $TEXMF/texmf/web2c directory. At
the begin of the le the TEXMF variable is set. This part of the texmf.cfg le should
changed to look like this:
% Now, list all the texmf trees. If you have multiple trees,
% use shell brace notation, like this:
% TEXMF = {$HOMETEXMF,!!$VARTEXMF,!!$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFMAIN}
% The braces are necessary.
%
% A place to store other TeX support files. Can be a remote
% texmf tree, or a tree to store non- free stuff, or ...
% TEXMFEXTRA=$SELFAUTOPARENT/texmf- extra
% If you set this, add $TEXMFEXTRA in the list below
%
% Define the tree with the font pack
WRITREE=/usr/local/tex/MathematicaFontPack/texmf
%
% Add the new TDS root to the TEXMF variable
TEXMF = {$HOMETEXMF,!!$WRITREE,$TEXMFLOCAL,!!$TEXMFMAIN}
Now the lename data base must be updated by a texhash or texconfig rehash
command from the shell.
teT
E
X programs use the rst conguration le in the TDS tree list. The font pack-
age comes with conguration les and, if you choose another position on the font
package tree in the list TEXMF, you must add the map les in the conguration of dvips
and pdftex in the TDS root that is scanned rst.
7
2.3 Words of Caution
When the font package is used with MikT
E
X or with TeXLive some care must be taken
to get a working installation.
The map les in the font pack also include the correct declarations of the old fonts.
This may be a useful way to include gures generated by Mathematica 3.04.1 into
T
E
X documents.
Both distributions come with a psfonts.map le that already includes the old Math-
ematica fonts. The map le in the TeXLive distribution uses lowercase characters for
the font names. Since Unix le names are case sensitive, a TeXLive installation will
not nd the Mathematica fonts because the psfonts.map include lines like this:
Math1 Math1 <math1.pfb
:
All references to the mistyped font names must be removed from the psfonts.map,
and the correct map le from the Mathematica virtual font distribution must be added
as described above. To remove the false entries from the map le, you need root access
to the T
E
X installation.
The case errors in the psfonts.map le that comes with MikT
E
X should have no
effect, but it turns out that the multiple denitions of the font les in the MikT
E
X con-
guration and in the wolfram.map le create errors when MikT
E
X searches the fonts.
All references to the Mathematica fonts must be removed from the psfonts.map that
come with MikT
E
X.
This also applies to the psfonts.map le for pdftex. This le is in the conguration
directory of pdftex.
The MikT
E
X distribution and the teT
E
X distribution come with a le font-
name/wolfram.map. This le includes references to the virtual fonts createt by Ulrik
Vieth. These fonts are incomplete and the name of the map le will prevent the inclu-
sion of the wolfram.map le that comes with the virtual font package. This le must
be deleted!
2.4 More Details
To use the fonts, a DVI-driver that understands virtual fonts like dvips
3
is needed. The
common screen drivers, such as xdvi from teT
E
X
4
and fpT
E
X or yap from MikT
E
X,
support virtual fonts.
The new fonts all start with the letter w for Wolfram Research. The combination
with Times is indicated by the letters tm, Janson by the letters jn, Garamond by ad,
the monospaced fonts with Courier by the letters cr, and the MathCMTT monospaced
fonts by tt. The fourth letter corresponds to the font type: r for regular OT1 fonts, m
for OML, y for OMS, or v for OMX. If the fth letter is a u, it is the upright math-italic
font. The nal letter stands for the weight of the font: m for medium and b for bold.
Therefore, the font wttvm is the MathCMTT font in OMX encoding with a medium
weight.
3
dviwindo from Y&Y and the PCT
E
X driver do not support virtual fonts.
4
www.tug.org/tetex/
8
Table 1: Metric les in the distribution.
wtm r m|b OT1 Times operator
wtm m m|b OML Times math italic
wtm y m|b OMS Times symbol
wtm v m|b OMX Times math extensions
wjn r m|b OT1 Janson operator
wjn m m|b OML Janson math italic
wad r m|b OT1 Garamond operator
wad m m|b OML Garamond math italic
wcr r m|b OT1 Courier operator
wcr m m|b OML Courier math italic
wcr y m|b OMS Courier symbol
wcr v m|b OMX Courier math extensions
wcru m m|b OML Courier math italic upright
wtt r m|b OT1 MathCMTT operator
wtt m m|b OML MathCMTT math italic
wtt y m|b OMS MathCMTT symbol
wtt v m|b OMX MathCMTT math extensions
wttu m mv OML MathCMTT math italic upright
wsb m|b U Keyboard and text symbols
wtt r8t T1 MathCMTT text font
wtt ro8t T1 MathCMTT italic text font
wtt b8t T1 MathCMTT text font
wtt bo8t T1 MathCMTT italic text font
9
T
E
X needs the font metric les (*.tfm), the virtual fonts (*.vf), and the native font
metric les fromthe Mathematica fonts (i.e., Mathematica1.tfm, Mathematica2.tfm,
. ). L
A
T
E
X2
t
needs the font denition les OT1w*r.fd, OMLw*m.fd, OMSw*y.fd,
and OMXw*v.fd to access the fonts. Additionally, the font denitions for the Times-
Roman (T1ptm.fd), Helvetica (T1phv.fd), Courier fonts (T1pcr.fd), and MathCMTT
(T1wtt.fd) are needed for the style le wrisym.sty. The rst three les usually come
with the L
A
T
E
X2
t
packages in the psnfss directory. If you need to combine with other
fonts, such as Janson or Garamond, the metric les and virtual fonts are included in
the corresponding parts of the directory tree. The commercial fonts (*.pfb) are not
included and must be obained from the font vendors.
A DVI driver creating PostScript output must be told to download the Type 1 Math-
ematica fonts. A typical line in this map le looks like this:
Mathematica1 Mathematica1 <Mathematica1.pfa
:
This map le includes the Mathematica fonts in your PostScript output. This is
useful when the document needs to be printed on a system that does not have the
Mathematica fonts installed. To reduce the le size, the driver should be forced to
reencode the fonts. This removes unused glyphs from the fonts. For dvips and pdftex
the reencoding is forced with the - j0 option.
Leaving the fonts out of the PostScript le will minimize the le size. The PostScript
le then contains references to the appropriate Mathematica fonts instead of the fonts
themselves. However, only those who already have the Mathematica fonts available
to their resident PostScript interpreter (a PostScript interpreter might be a copy of
Ghostscript, a PostScript printer, or some other PostScript rasterizing system) will be
able to correctly view your PostScript le. This behavior can be achieved by removing
the last row in the map le, the lines should look like this:
Mathematica1 Mathematica1
:
2.5 Using Ghostscript
To setup the fonts for Ghostscript, Ghostscript must be told where the fonts can be
found. This is usually done by setting/appending the directory with the Mathemat-
ica fonts (usually /usr/local/mathematica/SystemFiles/Fonts/Type1) to the GS_LIB
environment variable in your login shell script.
Windows users can set the GS_LIB variable in the autoexec.bat le or in the ad-
vanced options of GSView (see Figure 3).
3 Using Fonts with L
A
T
E
X2
:
To use the package with your own les add the line
\usepackage{wrisym}
10
Figure 3: Set the search path for Ghostscript in GSView.
to the preamble of your L
A
T
E
X2
t
document.
If you get the font package from a Mathematica installation, you should copy the
Type 1 fonts from Mathematicas directory tree into a directory fonts/type1/wolfram
in your local texmf tree. Than your T
E
X installation is independent of the Mathematica
installation and you will be able to translate your T
E
X sources even when Mathematica
is uninstalled or the installation directory is changed.
The style le has several options. It automatically loads the font encoding package
and switches to the T1 encoding. The possible options for the package are:
times load the fonts with Times as base font. This is the default setting and should
work with any PostScript printer. No additional fonts are needed.
janson load the fonts with Janson as base font. The Janson fonts from Adobe must
be available to use this option.
garamond load the fonts with Adobe Garamond as base font. The Garamond fonts
from Adobe must be available to use this option.
monospacemath declare the mathematics versions for monospaced mathematics like

=
0

-
(r)(r)r
2
r. These fonts are not loaded by default.
cmtt use the MathCMTT fonts for monospaced mathematics. This option also implies
the monospacemath option.
uprightmonomath use upright letters instead of italic letters in monospaced mathe-
matics. This option also implies the monospacemath option.
Apart from the production of bitmap-free T
E
X output, you may use monospaced
mathematical fonts. This is of limited interest in ordinary mathematical texts, but it is
needed for typesetting the In[] and Out[] cells of Mathematica notebooks. For this
purpose wrisym.sty introduces two newmathematical styles. The wrisym.sty package
has an option monospacemath. If the package is loaded with
\usepackage[monospacemath]{wrisym}
11
then the monospaced fonts will be present and two new math versions are dened. For
medium weight monospaced output, the math-style mono is introduced, and for bold
monospaced mathematics, the monobold is introduced. By default the monospaced
fonts will not be loaded.
Like the \boldmath or \mathversion{bold} (Figure 5), the commands
\monomath or \mathversion{mono} ((Figure 6) and \monoboldmath or
\mathversion{monobold} (Figure 7) will switch to the new styles. Remem-
ber that the switch must be outside of a mathematical formula. The command
\mathversion{normal}(Figure 4) will restore the default font set. Typesetting note-
books will require many more macros than wrisym.sty introduces.
One difference between the monospaced output and the fonts used for The Mathe-
matica Book is that the variables are typeset in italics. This is the correct behavior for
mathematics, but it looks strange for constructs like
Expand|(x
2
+ 1)
100
}
The package also provides monospaced math-italic fonts with upright characters.
The upright monospaced characters are loaded with the package option uprightmonomath.
When the narrower version of the monospaced fonts should be used to typeset
a Mathematica session, the cmtt option should be given to the package. The cmtt
option will dene the monospaced mathematics styles.
4 Symbol Names
The Mathematica names, in most cases, are too long. The T
E
X command for a symbol
is the name of the corresponding AMS font symbol, if it exists, otherwise a Mathemat-
ica alias or name is used. Negated relations always start with the letter n and the T
E
X
or AMS-T
E
X name follows. Even if it is not explicitly listed in the following tables, an
alias in the Mathematica naming convention may exist.
The additional alphabets all work with the full Mathematica name; the aliases of
the frontend; and the AMS font switching mechanism using \mathcal{} for script,
\mathfrak{} for Mathematicas gothic, and \mathbb{} for double-struck characters.
For single letters, you should use the alias of the front end because the macros for
character replacement in the \mathcal{}, mathbb{}, and \mathfrak{} commands
are a bit time consuming.
5 Changes
Since the 1.0 release, I have xed some bugs in the italic correction of the greek char-
acters and the font dimension parameters. My thanks go to Ulrik Vieth and Jaiyong
Lee ([email protected]) for the bug reports.
Version 2.0 adds the support for pdftex, the options to use the MathCMTT fonts,
and the combinations with Janson and Adobe Garamond. Since the new Mathematica
fonts include some more glyphs, these new characters and symbols are added to the
12
The Dirac equation for a free particle:
ih
o
ot
=

H
f
= c

.

.
p + m
0
c
2


The integral representation of Bessel function J

(z) :
J

(z) =
1

_

0
cos(z sin() ) d

sin()

_
o
0
:
z sinh t t
dt (| argz| <
1
2
)
The expansion of Coulomb wave functions in terms of Bessel-Clifford functions:
F
L
(, p) = C
L
()
(2 L + 1)!
(2 )
2L+1
p
L
o
_
k=2 L+1
b
k
t
k/ 2
I
k
(2
_
t)
with b
2 L+1
= 1, b
2 L+2
= 0 and 4
2
(k 2 L) b
k+1
+ k b
k1
+ b
k2
= 0.
A radical identity:
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
. =
2

p(R, , ) ~
2
e
t/ 4
_
a
2
3
Rcos
o
_
n=0
(t)
n
cos(n)

|
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
'
_
o
o

W
n
() exp _tR/ a _
_
k
2
a
2

2
cos + sin _
|k
2
a
2

2
]
3/ 4
H
(1)
n

_
_
k
2
a
2

2

d
)
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
!
(1)
Figure 4: The normal mathematics style.
13
The Dirac equation for a free particle:
in

t
=

H
f
= [

.

.
p + m
0

2

j
The integral representation of Bessel function J

(z) :
J

(z) =
1

_

0
cos(z sin() - ) d
-
sin()

_
o
0
z
z sinht- t
dt (| arg z| <
1
2
)
The expansion of Coulomb wave functions in terms of Bessel-Clifford functions:
F
L
(, p) = C
L
()
(2 L + 1)!
(2 )
2 L+1
p
-L
o
_
k=2 L+1
b
k
t
k/2
I
k
(2

t)
with b
2 L+1
= 1, b
2 L+2
= 0 and 4
2
(k - 2 L) b
k+1
+ k b
k-1
+ b
k-2
= 0.
A radical identity:
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
, =
2

p(R, , ) ~
2
e
-i/4
_
a
2
3
Rcos
o
_
n=0
(-i)
n
cos(n)

{
.
.
.
.
{
.
.
.
.
'
_
o
-o

W
n
() exp_iR/a _

k
2
a
2
-
2
cos + sin _
|k
2
a
2
-
2
]
3/4
H
(1)
n

k
2
a
2
-
2

d
\
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
!
(2)
Figure 5: The bold mathematics style.
14
The Dirac equation for a free particle:
i

t
=

H
f
= {

.
p + m
0

2

]
The integral representation of Bessel function J

(z) :
J

(z) =
1

_

0
cos(z sin() - )
-
sin()

_
=
0
e
z sinht-t
t (| argz| <
1
2
)
The expansion of Coulomb wave functions in terms of Bessel-Clifford functions:
F
L
(, ) = C
L
()
(2 L + 1)!
(2 )
2L+1

-L
=
_
k=2L+1
b
k
t
k/2
I
k
(2
_
t)
with b
2 L+1
= 1, b
2 L+2
= 0 and 4
2
(k - 2 L) b
k+1
+ k b
k-1
+ b
k-2
= 0.
A radical identity:
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
. =
2

p(R, , ) -
2
e
-/4
_
a
2
3
R cos
=
_
n=0
(-)
n
cos(n)
x
;
.
.
.
.
.
.
+
.
.
.
.
.
.
:
_
=
-=

W
n
() exp_R/a [
_
k
2
a
2
-
2
cos + sin_
{k
2
a
2
-
2
)
3/4
H
(1)
n

[
_
k
2
a
2
-
2

.
.
.
.
.
.
+
.
.
.
.
.
.
:
(3)
Figure 6: The mono mathematics style.
15
The Dirac equation for a free particle:
i

t
=

H
f
= [

.
p + m
0

2

The integral representation of Bessel function J

1z) :
J

1z) =
1

_

0
cos1z sin1) - ) d
-
sin1)

_
=
0
e
z sinht-t
dt 1 argz <
1
2
)
The expansion of Coulomb wave functions in terms of Bessel-Clifford functions:
F
L
1, ) = C
L
1)
12 L + 1)!
12 )
2L+1

-L
=
_
k=2 L+1
b
k
t
k/2
I
k
12

t)
with b
2 L+1
= 1, b
2 L+2
= 0 and 4
2
1k - 2 L) b
k+1
+ k b
k-1
+ b
k-2
= 0.
A radical identity:
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2

_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
+
1
2
_
1
2
. =
2

p1R, , ) -
2
e
-/4
_
a
2
3
R cos
=
_
n=0
1-)
n
cos1n)

;
.
.
.
.
.
.
+
.
.
.
.
.
.
:
_
=
-=

W
n
1) exp
_
R/a
_
_
k
2
a
2
-
2
cos + sin
_
|k
2
a
2
-
2
)
3/4
H
11)
n

_
_
k
2
a
2
-
2

d
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
+
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
(4)
Figure 7: The mono bold mathematics style.
16
fonts and to the style le. The most important additions are double-struck digits and
the symbols for Euro currency () and logical operations.
6 Bug Reports
I have still some free positions in the virtual fonts. All users are asked to contribute
requests for PostScript font symbols that are missed in the T
E
X fonts.
The virtual fonts (spacing, italic correction, placement of super- and subscripts, and
so on) as well as the style le, wrisym.sty, may still have some errors. Please report
any bugs via email to:
[email protected]
[email protected]
Please start the subject line with Mathematica Font Bug and attatch a L
A
T
E
X2
t
le that shows the error. I will try to x any errors as soon as posible.
7 Copyright
WolframResearch, Inc. reserves the right to control all distribution of the Mathematica
fonts and does not, at this time, allow them to be widely distributed via any servers,
archives, or non-Wolfram Research software products of any kind without their ex-
press written consent. There are no restrictions on embedding the fonts in documents
transmitted to service bureaus, publishers, or other users of Wolfram Research prod-
ucts. There are no restrictions on widely distributing metrics les generated from the
Mathematica fonts.
The copyright of all les in the Mathematica Virtual Font Package belongs to
Jens-Peer Kuska.
The les may be freely copied, distributed, and used, provided no changes whatso-
ever are made. All users are asked to help keep the virtual font les and the style con-
sistent and uncorrupted, so they remain identical everywhere in the world. Changes
are permissible only if the modied le is given a new name, different from the names
of existing les, and only if the modied le is clearly identied as not being part of
the Mathematica Virtual Font Package.
Every effort has been made to produce correct and useful macros and fonts, in order
to help promote computer science research and Mathematica, but no warranty of any
kind should be assumed.
Acknowledgments
Andr Kuzniarek, Gregg Snyder, and Stephen Wolfram made the original font design.
Andy Hunt prepared the Version 2.0 PostScript fonts and ne tuned the fonts for use
with the new set of virtual fonts. Many thanks go to Wolfram Research for the creation
of this set of mathematical PostScript fonts.
17
The cover picture of the manual is a modied picture from Duane Bibby from the
L
A
T
E
X manual.
References
[1] Michel Gossens, Sebastian Rahtz, and Frank Mittlebach, The L
A
T
E
X Graphics Com-
panion, Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley, 1997.
[2] Michel Gossens, Frank Mittlebach, and Alexander Samarin, The L
A
T
E
X Companion,
Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley, 1994.
[3] Donald E. Knuth, The T
E
Xbook, Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley, 1984.
Appendix: Character Tables
The following tables give the references for the dened characters and symbols when
the wrisym.sty package is used.
18
Table 2: Additional characters.
Name Alias Normal Bold
\ee \ExponetialE : z
\ii \ComplexI i i
\jj \ComplexJ j j
\dd \DifferentialD d d
\DD \CapitalDifferentialD D
\DoublePi n
\EulerGamma
\ScriptDotlessI t i
\ScriptDotlessJ
\HBar \hbar h n
\Mho U U
\lambdaslash ' !
\Angstroem A A
\beth 2 2
\daleth
\gimel . J
\Digamma F F
\Stigma
\Koppa + v
\Sampi 3 O
\digamma j
\stigma
\koppa , o
\sampi
\varkappa x x
\Euler \euler l
\Micro
19
Table 3: Script characters. You can use \mathcal to get several Scr/p/ characters and
digits 0123456789.
\ScriptZero \scZero 0 \ScriptOne \scOne 1
\ScriptTwo \scTwo 2 \ScriptThree \scThree 3
\ScriptFour \scFour 4 \ScriptFive \scFive 5
\ScriptSix \scSix 6 \ScriptSeven \scSeven 7
\ScriptEight \scEight 8 \ScriptNine \scNine 9
\ScriptCapitalA \scA 7 \ScriptA \sca c
\ScriptCapitalB \scB J \ScriptB \scb b
\ScriptCapitalC \scC ( \ScriptC \scc c
\ScriptCapitalD \scD 1 \ScriptD \scd d
\ScriptCapitalE \scE c \ScriptE \sce c
\ScriptCapitalF \scF / \ScriptF \scf f
\ScriptCapitalG \scG \ScriptG \scg q
\ScriptCapitalH \scH 1 \ScriptH \sch h
\ScriptCapitalI \scI J \ScriptI \sci /
\ScriptCapitalJ \scJ _ \ScriptJ \scj f
\ScriptCapitalK \scK 7 \ScriptK \sck k
\ScriptCapitalL \scL [ \ScriptL \scl /
\ScriptCapitalM \scM A \ScriptM \scm m
\ScriptCapitalN \scN A \ScriptN \scn n
\ScriptCapitalO \scO O \ScriptO \sco c
\ScriptCapitalP \scP / \ScriptP \scp p
\ScriptCapitalQ \scQ O \ScriptQ \scq q
\ScriptCapitalR \scR F \ScriptR \scr r
\ScriptCapitalS \scS S \ScriptS \scs s
\ScriptCapitalT \scT 7 \ScriptT \sct /
\ScriptCapitalU \scU 1 \ScriptU \scu u
\ScriptCapitalV \scV + \ScriptV \scv v
\ScriptCapitalW \scW + \ScriptW \scw w
\ScriptCapitalX \scX X \ScriptX \scx \
\ScriptCapitalY \scY ) \ScriptY \scy
\ScriptCapitalZ \scZ \ScriptZ \scz z
20
Table 4: Double-struck characters. You can use \mathbb to get several Doale5racJ
characters and double-struck numbers Ol234't13.
\DoubleStruckZero \dsZero O \DoubleStruckOne \dsOne l
\DoubleStruckTwo \dsTwo 2 \DoubleStruckThree \dsThree 3
\DoubleStruckFour \dsFour 4 \DoubleStruckFive \dsFive '
\DoubleStruckSix \dsSix t \DoubleStruckSeven \dsSeven 1
\DoubleStruckEight \dsEight \DoubleStruckNine \dsNine 3
\DoubleStruckCapitalA \dsA / \DoubleStruckA \dsa a
\DoubleStruckCapitalB \dsB B \DoubleStruckB \dsb
\DoubleStruckCapitalC \dsC C \DoubleStruckC \dsc c
\DoubleStruckCapitalD \dsD D \DoubleStruckD \dsd d
\DoubleStruckCapitalE \dsE E \DoubleStruckE \dse e
\DoubleStruckCapitalF \dsF F \DoubleStruckF \dsf J
\DoubleStruckCapitalG \dsG G \DoubleStruckG \dsg g
\DoubleStruckCapitalH \dsH H \DoubleStruckH \dsh I
\DoubleStruckCapitalI \dsI I \DoubleStruckI \dsi t
\DoubleStruckCapitalJ \dsJ 1 \DoubleStruckJ \dsj
\DoubleStruckCapitalK \dsK K \DoubleStruckK \dsk J
\DoubleStruckCapitalL \dsL L \DoubleStruckL \dsl l
\DoubleStruckCapitalM \dsM Y \DoubleStruckM \dsm n
\DoubleStruckCapitalN \dsN \DoubleStruckN \dsn n
\DoubleStruckCapitalO \dsO O \DoubleStruckO \dso o
\DoubleStruckCapitalP \dsP P \DoubleStruckP \dsp
\DoubleStruckCapitalQ \dsQ Q \DoubleStruckQ \dsq q
\DoubleStruckCapitalR \dsR R \DoubleStruckR \dsr r
\DoubleStruckCapitalS \dsS 5 \DoubleStruckS \dss s
\DoubleStruckCapitalT \dsT 1 \DoubleStruckT \dst
\DoubleStruckCapitalU \dsU L \DoubleStruckU \dsu a
\DoubleStruckCapitalV \dsV Y \DoubleStruckV \dsv
\DoubleStruckCapitalW \dsW V \DoubleStruckW \dsw w
\DoubleStruckCapitalX \dsX X \DoubleStruckX \dsx
\DoubleStruckCapitalY \dsY 1 \DoubleStruckY \dsy y
\DoubleStruckCapitalZ \dsZ Z \DoubleStruckZ \dsz z
21
Table 5: Gothic characters. You can use \mathfrak to get Gafh|c characters.
\GothicCapitalA \goA B H \GothicA \goa a a
\GothicCapitalB \goB P P \GothicB \gob h b
\GothicCapitalC \goC C C \GothicC \goc c c
\GothicCapitalD \goD D D \GothicD \god a d
\GothicCapitalE \goE 6 C \GothicE \goe e c
\GothicCapitalF \goF J 1 \GothicF \gof ( J
\GothicCapitalG \goG G G \GothicG \gog j g
\GothicCapitalH \goH H H \GothicH \goh h h
\GothicCapitalI \goI I \GothicI \goi | i
\GothicCapitalJ \goJ 0 J \GothicJ \goj j j
\GothicCapitalK \goK h K \GothicK \gok k h
\GothicCapitalL \goL 1 f \GothicL \gol | |
\GothicCapitalM \goM H B \GothicM \gom n m
\GothicCapitalN \goN B D \GothicN \gon n n
\GothicCapitalO \goO O O \GothicO \goo a e
\GothicCapitalP \goP P P \GothicP \gop p p
\GothicCapitalQ \goQ Q Q \GothicQ \goq q
\GothicCapitalR \goR B B \GothicR \gor r r
\GothicCapitalS \goS c D \GothicS \gos e s
\GothicCapitalT \goT ! 7 \GothicT \got f t
\GothicCapitalU \goU H H \GothicU \gou u u
\GothicCapitalV \goV 0 0 \GothicV \gov u o
\GothicCapitalW \goW u u \GothicW \gow u u
\GothicCapitalX \goX X X \GothicX \gox x x
\GothicCapitalY \goY B W \GothicY \goy j g
\GothicCapitalZ \goZ 2 2 \GothicZ \goz z z
22
Table 6: Integral signs.
T
E
X-Command
\int
] ]
b
a
f (x) dx
_
b
a
f (x) dx

b
a
f(x) x
_
b
a
f(x) x
\oint
} }
C
f () d
_
C
f () d
j
C
f()
_
C
f()
\dbloint
[ [
I
f (u, v) du dv
_
I
f (u, v) du dv
Q
l
f(u, v) u v
_
l
f(u, v) u v
\clockoint

I
f (z) dz
_
I
f (z) dz
j
l
f(z) z
_
l
f(z) z
\cntclockoint
{ {
I
f (z) dz
_
I
f (z) dz
j
l
f(z) z
_
l
f(z) z
\sqrint
{ {
I
f (z) dz
_
I
f (z) dz
]
l
f(z) z
_
l
f(z) z
\fint
} }
o
o
f (x)
x
dx
_
o
o
f (x)
x
dx

=
-=
f(x)
x
x
_
=
-=
f(x)
x
x
23
Table 7: Logical operators.
T
E
X-Command
\bigvee \ \
n
i=0 q
i
n
\
i=0
q
i
v
n
i=0
q
i
n
\
i=0
q
i
\bigwedge ^ \
n
i=0 q
i
n
\
i=0
q
i
v
n
i=0
q
i
n
\
i=0
q
i
\And ^ ^
n
i=0 q
i
n
[
i=0
q
i
/
n
i=0
q
i
n
[
i=0
q
i
\Or \ \
n
i=0 q
i
n
\
i=0
q
i
v
n
i=0
q
i
n
\
i=0
q
i
\Nand
n
i=0 q
i
n

i=0
q
i

n
i=0
q
i
n

i=0
q
i
\Nor
n
i=0 q
i
n

i=0
q
i

n
i=0
q
i
n

i=0
q
i
\Xor V V
n
i=0 q
i
n
_
i=0
q
i
V
n
i=0
q
i
n
_
i=0
q
i
24
Table 8: Additional and changed arrows 1.
\HookLeftArrow a b
\HookRightArrow a b
\MapsTo a b
\MapsFrom a b
\MapsUp I

.
\MapsDown T

.
\ShortUpArrow a b
\ShortDownArrow . a . b
\ShortRightArrow a b
\ShortLeftArrow a b
\LongLeftArrow a b
\longleftarrow a b
\LongRightArrow a b
\longrightarrow a b
\LongLeftRightArrow a b
\longleftrightarrow a b
\DblLongLeftArrow = a = b
\Longleftarrow = a = b
\DblLongRightArrow = a = b
\Longrightarrow = a = b
\DblLongLeftRightArrow = a = b
\Longleftrightarrow = a = b
25
Table 9: Additional and changed arrows 2.
\RightVectorBar a b
\LeftVectorBar a b
\DownRightVectorBar a b
\DownLeftVectorBar a b
\RightTeeVector a b
\LeftTeeVector a b
\DownRightTeeVector a b
\DownLeftTeeVector a b
\RightArrowBar a b
\LeftArrowBar a b
\leftrightharpoonup a b
\leftrightharpoondown a b
\equilibrium = a = b
\revequilibrium = a = b
\Equilibrium .==== a .==== b
\RevEquilibrium ====: a ====: b
\upharpoonleftup 1 1

\upharpoonleftdown 1

1

1
\upharpoonrightup | |
.
|
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
.
.
\upharpoonrightdown |
.
|
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
.
.
|
\leftupdownharpoon '
1
1
1

1
1

1
1

1
\rightupdownharpoon |
|
|
|
.
|
|
.
.
|
|
.
.
.
.
|
\UpArrowBar T T

\DownArrowBar I

I

I
26
Table 10: Additional and changed arrows 3.
\LeftUpTeeVector I
1

.
1

.
1

.
1

.
\RightUpTeeVector I
`

.
`

.
`

.
`

.
\LeftDownTeeVector T

1
\RightDownTeeVector T

\LeftUpVectorBar T T

\RightUpVectorBar T T

\LeftDownVectorBar I

I

I
\RightDownVectorBar I

I

I
\upequilibrium 1
.

\uprevequilibrium 1

.
\rightleftarrow = a = b
\leftrightarrow = a = b
\uparrowdownarrow "
.

.
.

.
.

.
.

.
\downarrowuparrow
.

.
.

.
.

.
.

.
27
Table 11: Extensible horizontal arrows. All arrows have a length argument.
T
E
X command Symbol Example
\RightArrowFill[length] a b
\LeftArrowFill[length] a b
\LRArrowFill[length] a b
\DblRightArrowFill[length] ===== a ========= b
\DblLeftArrowFill[length] ===== a ========= b
\DblLRArrowFill[length] === a ======== b
\RightHarpoonUpFill[length] ----- a --------------- b
\LeftHarpoonUpFill[length] ----- a --------------- b
\RightHarpoonDownFill[length] ----- a --------------- b
\LeftHarpoonDownFill[length] ----- a --------------- b
\LRHarpoonUpFill[length] a --------- b
\LRHarpoonDownFill[length] a --------- b
\EquilibriumFill[length] .==== a .======== b
\RevEquilibriumFill[length] ====: a ========: b
\RightLeftArrowFill[length] ===== a ========= b
\LeftRightArrowFill[length] ===== a ========= b
Table 12: Dots as time derivatives.
\Dot a(t) a(t)
\DDot

a(t)
.
a(t)
\DDDot

a(t)
.
a(t)
\vec
.
A
.
A
\lrvec
.
A
.
A
\lvec
.
A
.
A
\Vec
.
A
,
A
\LRVec
.
A
,
A
\LVec
.
A
,
A
28
Table 13: Over- and underbraces, brackets, and so on.
\overparenargument

a + b

a + b + c

a + b + x + y
\underparenargument a + b
........
a + b + c
...............
a + b + x + y
.......................
\overbracketargument
.
a + b
.
a + b + c
.
a + b + x + y
\underbracketargument a + b
..........
a + b + c
.................
a + b + x + y
.........................
\OverBracketargument
.
a + b
.
a + b + c
.
a + b + x + y
\UnderBracketargument a + b
..........
a + b + c
.................
a + b + x + y
.........................
\overbraceargument
.
a + b
.
a + b + c
.
a + b + x + y
\underbraceargument a + b
....,....
a + b + c
........,........
a + b + x + y
...........,...........
\overleftarrowargument

a + b

a + b + c

a + b + x + y
\overrightarrowargument

a + b

a + b + c

a + b + x + y
\overleftharpoonargument
--------------- -
a + b
------------------------------ -
a + b + c
--------------------------------------------- -
a + b + x + y
\overrightharpoonargument
- ---------------
a + b
- ------------------------------
a + b + c
- ---------------------------------------------
a + b + x + y
\overlrharpoonargument
-------
a + b
-----------------------
a + b + c
--------------------------------------
a + b + x + y
29
Table 14: Relations and negated binary relations 1.
\therefore a . b
\because a . b
\Proportion a . b
\neq a = b
\dotequal a = b
\nasymp a = b
\nequiv a b
\nsupseteq a b
\nsubseteq a b
\nsqsupseteq a b
\nsqsubseteq a b
\nleq a b
\ngeq a b
\npreceq a b
\nsucceq a b
\nsim a + b
\cong a = b
\ncong a b
\napprox a + b
\nsubset a b
\nsupset a , b
\nll a < b
\ngg a > b
\nprec a + b
\nsucc a > b
\nin a } b
\nni a } b
\nless a < b
\ngtr a > b
\bumpeq a = b
\Bumpeq a = b
\nbumpeq a = b
\nBumpeq a = b
\NotVerticalBar a!b
\NotDoubleVerticalBar arb
30
Table 15: Relations and negated binary relations 2.
\unlhd a s b
\unrhd a e b
\nunlhd a b
\nunrhd a b
\backepsilon a b
\TildeEqual a = b
\NotTildeEqual a = b
\NestedLessLess a < b
\NotNestedLessLess a < b
\NestedGreaterGreater a > b
\NotNestedGreaterGreater a > b
\GreaterLess a ; b
\NotGreaterLess a , b
\GreaterTilde a ~ b
\LessTilde a b
\NotGreaterTilde a ; b
\NotLessTilde a { b
\PrecedesSlantEqual a < b
\SucceedsSlantEqual a > b
\NotPrecedesSlantEqual a { b
\NotSucceedsSlantEqual a ; b
\PrecedesTilde a - b
\SucceedsTilde a b
\NotPrecedesTilde a { b
\NotSucceedsTilde a ; b
\RightTriangle a > b
\LeftTriangle a < b
\NotRightTriangle a > b
\NotLeftTriangle a < b
\RightTriangleBar a | b
\LeftTriangleBar a < b
\NotRightTriangleBar a ; b
\NotLeftTriangleBar a < b
\LessFullEqual a_b
\GreaterFullEqual a_b
\NotLessFullEqual a_b
\NotGreaterFullEqual a_b
\LessEqualGreater ab
\GreaterEqualLess ab
31
Table 16: Angle.
Name Alias normal bold
\Angle \angle ! L
\rightangle \RightAngle . L
\measuredangle \MeasuredAngle ! L
\sphericalangle \SphericalAngle < <
Table 17: Text symbols. The text symbols are all dened with a closing \xspace.
\MathLogo M1 \MathIcon
\KernelIcon \Wolf
\WatchIcon Q \LightBulb
\HappySmiley 0 \NeutralSmiley 0
\SadSmiley 0 \FreakedSmiley d
\WaringSign \AliasDelimiter
\male \female o
\CommandKey _ \ControlKey _
\AltKey _ \ModeOneKey _
\ModeTwoKey _ \CloverLeaf
\ReturnIndicator \DottedSquare
\LeftModfied \RightModfied ]
\EscapeKey _ \ReturnKey _
\ShiftKey _ \SpaceKey _
\BackspaceKey _ \HomeKey _
\PageUpKey _ \PageDownKey _
\EndKey _ \TabKey _
\GoToFirstPage \GoToLastPage
\GoToPreviousPage \GoToNextPage
\FilledUpTriangle a \EmptyUpTriangle .
\FilledDownTriangle * \EmptyDownTriangle V
\FilledDiamond + \EmptyDiamond
\FilledSquare \EmptySquare
\FilledSmallSquare - \EmptySmallSquare -
\euro \sterling
\cent c \yen Y
\DownQuestion
32
Table 18: Shapes and icons in math and text mode.
\SpaceIndicator _ _
\RoundSpaceIndicator
\Continuation
\ErrorIndicator c c
\UnknownGlyph e e
\SelectionPlaceholder u u
\Placeholder . .
\SixPointedStar + +
\Rectangle z z
\GrayRectangle z z
\EmptyRectangle
\Square e e
\GraySquare z z
\EmptySquare
\Circle
\GrayCircle
\EmptyCircle C C
\Ellipsis . .
\CenterEllipsis
\VerticalEllipsis : :
\AscendingEllipsis
\DescendingEllipsis
33
Table 19: Mathematica specials. The symbols here are intended for typesetting
notebooks.
Double brackets
\lpart ] _ _
.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
.
\rpart ] ] _ _
.
+
+
+
+
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\llbracket ] _ _
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\rrbracket ] ] _ _
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\SetDelayed a = b a = b binary operator
\UPSET a = b a = b binary operator
\UPSETD a = b a = b binary operator
\TAG a /: b a /: b binary operator
\Rule a b a b binary operator
\RuleDelayed a b a b binary operator
\Equal a = b a = b binary operator
\Slot = = ordinary symbol
\PEQ a += b a += b binary operator
\MEQ a = b a -= b binary operator
\TEQ a -= b a -= b binary operator
\DEQ a /= b a /= b binary operator
\PP ++ ++ ordinary symbol
\MM -- ordinary symbol
\SCAT a <> b a <> b binary operator
\MAP a /@ b a /@ b binary operator
\MAPALL a //@ b a //@ b binary operator
\COND a /; b a /, b binary operator
\PSTFIX a // b a // b binary operator
\RPLC a /. b a /. b binary operator
\RPLCRP a //. b a //. b binary operator
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