TOPIC Women Empowerment

And Its Impact In Changing Role of women At Workplaces

Akanksha Agrawal M.B.A. 4th Sem.

TABLE OF CONTENT
TOPIC ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT BRIEFING OF TOPIC

RESEARCH PURPOSE
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE SECONDARY OBJECTIVE

 SCOPE OF STUDY
LITERATURE REVIEW

RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS METHODOLOGY USED RESEARCH TYPE METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION TOOL USED

SAMPLING SAMPLE PROFILE SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE TECHNIQUE

 LIMITATION OF STUDY DATA ANALYSIS DIAGRAM & THEORETICAL CONCLUSION FINDINGS

CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

ABSTRACT
IN RECENT YEARS, THE TRADITIONAL ROLES OF WOMEN HAVE UNDERGONE SOME CHANGES DUE TO ECONOMIC NEEDS, AND SOME EFFORTS WERE MADE TO BRING VISIBILITY AND MAINSTREAM WOMENS CONTRIBUTION TO THE OVERALL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY.

A SAMPLE OF 150 WOMEN WAS TAKEN, FROM RURAL (N=95) AND URBAN (N=55) AREAS OF LUCKNOW, AND DATA WAS COLLECTED THROUGH A QUESTIONNAIRE. MOST OF THE RESPONDENTS (61%) WERE IN THE AGE GROUP OF 31-45 YEARS AND 39% WERE BETWEEN 19-30 YEARS OF AGE. A LARGE MAJORITY OF WOMEN (88%) WERE MARRIED, AND 36% WOMEN WERE ILLITERATE (RURAL 38% AND URBAN 19%).

IN URBAN AREAS, MAJORITY OF THE WOMEN WERE STAYING IN PUCCA (PERMANENT) HOUSES (72%), WHEREAS IN RURAL AREAS NO RESPONDENT HAD A PUCCA HOUSE, SO NEARLY 50% RESPONDENTS WERE STAYING IN KACCHA (NON PERMANENT) HOUSES. ONLY 21% URBAN CASES AND 10% RURAL CASES WERE HOUSES OWNED BY WOMEN, REST OF THE HOUSES WERE OWNED BY FAMILIES OR BY MOTHERS-IN-LAW.
SELF EMPLOYMENT NEED TO BE ENGAGED IN WIDER COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES BY FREEING THEIR ENERGIES, WHICH AT PRESENT ARE IMPRISONED IN DOMESTIC CHORES AND OCCUPATIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES. THEN ALONE WOULD THEIR HUMAN POTENTIAL BE FULLY UTILIZED, AND BE A TRUE INDICATOR OF DEVELOPMENT.

Introduction
OF THE 1.3 BILLION PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN ABSOLUTE POVERTY AROUND THE GLOBE, 70 PERCENT ARE WOMEN. FOR THESE WOMEN, POVERTY DOESNT JUST MEAN SCARCITY AND WANT. IT MEANS RIGHTS DENIED, OPPORTUNITIES CURTAILED AND VOICES SILENCED. CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING: WOMEN WORK TWO-THIRDS OF THE WORLDS WORKING HOURS

WOMEN EARN ONLY 10 PERCENT OF THE WORLDS INCOME.

WOMEN OWN LESS THAN 1 PERCENT OF THE WORLDS PROPERTY.

EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN THE WORKPLACE MEANS ALLOWING WOMEN TO HAVE MORE CONTROL OVER THEIR LIVES. IT MEANS GIVING THEM THE FREEDOM TO MAKE THEIR OWN SCHEDULES, LEARN NEW SKILLS AND GAIN SELFRELIANCE. EMPOWERMENT IS CREATED WHEN THE STRENGTHS THAT WOMEN ALREADY BRING TO THE COMPANY ARE RECOGNIZED AND WELL UTILIZED. THE EXTENT OF EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN THE NATIONAL HIERARCHY IS DETERMINED LARGELY BY THE THREE FACTORS HER ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL IDENTITY & WEIGHTAGE

BRIEF INTRODUCTION ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

In todays market, we are not surprised to see the participation of women in every sector from the service industry to a high level management in corporate world. But looking over past century the empowerment of the women in the workforce has marked a dramatically social change. Research provided by the United Nations has shown that business that promote women empowerment and gender equality are more profitable. I am no bird and no net ensures me, I am a Human Being with an independent will

WOMENS EMPOWERMENT IN INDIA IS HEAVILY DEPENDENT ON MANY DIFFERENT VARIABLES THAT INCLUDE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION (URBAN/RURAL), EDUCATIONAL STATUS, SOCIAL STATUS (CASTE AND CLASS), AND AGE. POLICIES ON WOMENS EMPOWERMENT EXIST AT THE NATIONAL, STATE, AND LOCAL (PANCHAYAT) LEVELS IN MANY SECTORS, INCLUDING HEALTH, EDUCATION, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE, AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION. HOWEVER, THERE ARE SIGNIFICANT GAPS BETWEEN POLICY ADVANCEMENTS AND ACTUAL PRACTICE AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL. WOMEN AND GIRLS HAVE RESTRICTED MOBILITY, ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACCESS TO HEALTH FACILITIES, AND LOWER DECISION-MAKING POWER, AND EXPERIENCE HIGHER RATES OF VIOLENCE. POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IS ALSO HINDERED AT THE PANCHAYAT (LOCAL GOVERNING BODIES) LEVEL AND AT THE STATE AND NATIONAL LEVELS, DESPITE EXISTING RESERVATIONS FOR WOMEN.

RESEARCH PURPOSE TO PROMOTE WOMEN EMPOWERNMENT

THIS STUDY IS CONDUCTED AS A PART OF MY FINAL SEMESTERS RESEARCH PROJECT ASSIGNMENT AS PRESCRIBED BY THE GBTU IN ITS MBA CURRICULUM. THIS RESEARCH HELPS US TO IDENTIFY THE STRUCTURAL AND SOCIETAL CAUSES OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IT AIMS TO ADDRESS RELATIONS BETWEEN THOSE WOMEN WHO HAVE WIELD POWER AND THOSE WHO DO NOT; IT PROVIDES A MEANS OF STRENGTHENING WOMENS CAPACITIES TO CLAIM AND EXERCISE THEIR RIGHTS; AND CLARIFIES AUTHORITIES DUTIES TO THOSE THEY SERVE.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE

TO STUDY THE WOMEN EMPOWERMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN AT WORK PLACE KEY OBJECTIVE FOR THIS RESEARCH IS TO STUDY THE STATUS OF WOMEN IN VARIOUS EMPLOYMENT SECTOR FROM VARIOUS DATA SOURCES AND THEIR IMPACT ON CURRENT WORKING CLASS SOCIETY AND DRAW FINAL CONCLUSION.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVE
TO STUDY THE LITERACY RATE TO STUDY THE GROWTH OF WOMEN ACHIEVING IN HIGHER EDUCATION TO STUDY THE % OF SELF-EMPLOYED WOMEN IN INDIA TO STUDY THE NUMBER OF WOMEN IN POLITICS TO STUDY THE NUMBER OF WOMEN GETTING NATIONAL AWARDS

Scope of Study
The economic Empowerment of the women is a human rights and social justice issue, but it also reduces poverty, and strength economic growth and development. Intervention aimed at promoting women's economic empowerment will help in achieving full recognition and realization of women's economies rights and ultimately sustainable development. While economic growth has long been seen as an important route to poverty reduction, patterns of growth are just important as the pace. This study will help to understand the position of women in our society and deduce solution to empower the women.

LITERATURE REVIEW
BY HEATHER LAUSCH: THE WORD EMPOWERMENT FIRST CAME ONTO
THE SCENE WITH REGARDS TO CIVIL RIGHTS. ONE OF THE FIRST ARTICLES WAS WRITTEN IN 1975 AND CALLED TOWARD BLACK POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT CAN THE SYSTEM BE TRANSFORMED.

THIS SPARKED MULTIPLE ARTICLES DISCUSSING EMPOWERING THE BLACK COMMUNITY, BUT IT ALSO IGNITED THE USE OF THE WORD IN OTHER CIRCLES. IN 1978, THE SOCIAL WORK COMMUNITY UTILIZED THE WORD IN AN ARTICLE ENTITLED FROM SERVICE TO ADVOCACY TO EMPOWERMENT.
UNTIL NOW, THE LITERATURE HAS INCREASINGLY BEEN FOCUSED ON THESE ISSUES. IN 2010, ARTICLES WERE PUBLISHED ENTITLED POWER AND EMPOWERMENT: FOSTERING EFFECTIVE COLLABORATION IN MEETING THE NEEDS OF ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN

 BY REECHA UPADHYAY: WOMEN'S RIGHTS AND SECURITY IN INDIA

A VIBRANT WOMENS RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN INDIA, THERE ARE CONTINUOUS DEMANDS FOR BETTER LAWS, PROVISIONS, AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR IMPLEMENTATION. MOST RECENT EXAMPLES INCLUDE THE CHANGE IN INDIAS RAPE LAWS, WHERE IN 2006 MARITAL RAPE WAS RECOGNIZED. CURRENTLY, WOMENS RIGHTS ACTIVISTS ARE DEMANDING BETTER PROVISIONS IN SECTIONS 375 AND 376 OF THE INDIAN PENAL CODE. RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR RESEARCH ON WOMEN (ICRW) FOUND THAT, ALTHOUGH NOT UNIVERSAL, PARTICULARLY IN HOUSEHOLDS WHERE THERE IS MORE THAN ONE DAUGHTER THERE ARE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN NUTRITION AND HEALTH LEVELS BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE CHILDREN. DOWRY RELATED DEATHS, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, GANG RAPE OF LOWER CASTE WOMEN BY UPPER CASTE MEN, AND PHYSICAL VIOLENCE BY THE POLICE TOWARDS TRIBAL WOMEN ALL CONTRIBUTE TO WOMENS INSECURITY IN INDIA

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
THIS IS A EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IT IS A FORM OF RESEARCH CONDUCTED FOR A PROBLEM THAT HAS NOT BEEN CLEARLY DEFINED. IT OFTEN RELIES ON SECONDARY RESEARCH SUCH AS REVIEWING AVAILABLE LITERATURE OR DATA SUCH AS INFORMAL DISCUSSIONS WITH CONSUMERS, EMPLOYEES, MANAGEMENT AND MORE FORMAL APPROACHES THROUGH IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS OR CASE STUDIES. THIS PAPER PRESENTATION IS BASICALLY BASED ON THE LATEST DATA AND STATISTICS ON THE PRESENT POSITION OF WOMEN IN THIS NEW ERA. THE SOURCE OF DATA USED IS MAINLY FROM THE STATISTICS SHOWN BY THE STUDY & ANALYSIS DONE BY VARIOUS GOVERNMENT AS WELL AS NGOS WHO ARE INVOLVED IN WELFARE OF WOMENS IN SOCIETY THIS RESEARCH IS BASICALLY DEALT WITH THE PRESENT POSITION OF THE WOMEN'S AROUND THE GLOBE AND SOLUTION TO MAKE IT A BETTER GRAPH.

SAMPLING DESIGN
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE: SAMPLE SIZE: SAMPLE FRAME: TYPE OF DATA: SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING 150 RESPONDENTS LUCKNOW PRIMARY & SECONDARY

DATA COLLECTION METHOD: QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD TYPE OF QUESTIONNAIRE: CLOSE-ENDED

DATA ANALYSIS & INTREPRETATION

GRAPHICAL TOOLS USED:

BAR GRAPHS, LINE GRAPHS, PIE-CHARTS

QUANTITATIVE TOOLS USED:

ARITHMETIC MEAN

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTREPRETATION

IMPACT OF LITERACY RATE ON CHANGING ROLE IN CORPORATE

MEA 2009 2010 2011 N literacy 74.0 70.3 66.8 70.2 rate 4 4667 growth in female 36.6 25 32 53 recruits 6667 growth in women 37.6 33 38 42 reaching top position 6667 growth of women leading 27.3 15 29 38 projects 3333

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2009 2010 2011 growth in women reaching top position growth of women leading projects

literacy rate

growth in female recruits

INTREPRETATION- Literacy rate is showing that it is affecting other three factors

IMPACT OF WOMEN ACHIEVING IN HIGHER EDUCATION

2009 women achieving in higher education growth in female recruits growth in women reaching top position growth of women leading projects 23 25 2010 27 32 2011 MEAN 31 53 2700% 3667%

33
15

38
29

42
38

3767%
2733%

60

50

women achieving in higher education growth in female recruits

40

30

20

growth in women reaching top position growth of women leading projects

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10

INTREPRETATION: THE WOMEN IS ACHIEVING HIGHER EDUCATION WHICH IS EFFECTING OTHER THREE FACTORS

Impact of self-employed women

2009

2010

2011

MEAN

self-employed women

17

21

25

21

growth in female recruits

25

32

53

36.666

growth in women reaching top position

33

38

42

37.666

growth of women leading projects

15

29

38

27.333

60

50

self-employed women growth in female recruits growth in women reaching top position
2009 2010 2011 MEAN

40

30

20

10

INTERPRETATION: THE SELF-EMPLOYED WOMEN RATIO IS GETTING HIGHER BY WHICH IT REFLECTS OTHER FACTORS

Impact of women in politics

2009 women in politics growth in female recruits growth in women reaching top position growth of women leading projects 9 25 33 15

2010 9.9 32 38 29

2011 11.2 53 42 38

MEAN 10.033 36.666 37.666 27.333

60

50

women in politics

40

30

growth in female recruits growth in women reaching top position

2009 2010 2011 MEAN

20

10

INTREPRETATION: THE RATIO OF WOMEN IN POLITICS IS INCREASING DAY BY DAY REFLECTING OTHER FACTORS

IMPACT OF WOMEN GETTING NATIONAL AWARDS

2009 2010 26 32 2011 33 53 MEAN 26 36.6666

women getting national awards growth in female recruits growth in women reaching top position growth of women leading projects

19 25

33
15

38
29

42
38

37.6666
27.3333

60

50

women getting national awards growth in female recruits growth in women reaching top position
2009 2010 2011 MEAN

40

30

20

10

INTERPRETATION: THE WOMEN GETTING NATIONAL AWARDS IS CREATING A HIGH ACHEIVEMENT FOR WOMEN WHICH IS REFLLECTING IN OTHER FIELDS

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GROWTH RATE IN PREVIOUS YEAR AND RECENT YEAR

INTERPRETATION:THE GROWTH RATE OF EMPLOYMENT

OF MALE AND FEMALE HAVE A VERY BIG GAP.

COMPARATINE ANALYSIS BETWEEN FEMELE- MALE WAGES DISPARITIES

FEMALE-MALE WAGES DISPARITIES IN 2011-2012 (Female wages as per cent of male wages on average)
0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 M F

0
Public Works Rural casual Rural casual Urban areas agri labour non-agri labour

INTERPRETATION:THE FEMALE-MALE WAGES

DISPARITIES IS OVERALL AVERAGE.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS SHOWING THE % OF MALE AND FEMALE EMPLOYED IN INDIA

PIE CHART SHOWING PERCENTAGE OF MEN & WOMEN EMPLOYED

WOMEN EMP. 33%

MEN EMP. 67%

INTERPRETATION:THIS PIE-CHART SHOWS THAT

WOMEN IS LESSER EMPLOYED IN COMPARISON TO MEN

LIMITATION OF STUDY
THE PROJECT IS BASED ON THE STUDY CONDUCTED BY VARIOUS ORGANIZATION ON TOPIC OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT. THE DATA TAKEN ARE INCLUDE WOMEN WORKING IN PUBLIC AS WELL AS PRIVATE SECTOR BUT STILL IT DID NOT INCLUDE THE DATA OF VARIOUS OTHER SECTOR WHERE WOMEN'S ARE EMPLOYED E.G. AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES. SO THIS LIMITING THE ACTUAL PRESENTATION OF WHOLE PICTURE FOR WOMEN EMPOWERMENT.

FINDINGS
THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ASSESS PROGRESS IN THE FIELD OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN INDIA & ITS IMPACT ON WORK PLACE USING THE DATA AVAILABLE FROM VARIOUS PUBLIC AS WELL AS PRIVATE SECTORS RESOURCES WHERE WOMENS ARE EMPLOYED. ALL THE STATICS SHOWS THAT THERE IS MUCH TO BE DONE IN THE AREA OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT & WOMEN EMPLOYMENT AFTER WHOLE STUDY THE MAJOR FINDINGS THAT LIMITS ABOVE CAUSE ARE. GENDER PREFERENCE. EDUCATION. AGE AT MARRIAGE. SPOUSAL AGE DIFFERENCE. LESS WOMEN EMPLOYMENT. LESS ACCESS FOR WOMEN TO DIFFERENT RESOURCES. LESS INVOLVEMENT OF WOMEN IN DECISION MAKING .

CONCLUSION

WOMEN ARE LESS EMPLOYED AS COMPARISON TO MEN AS SHOWN BY VARIOUS STATISTICS & THEY HAVE LIMITED IMPACT ON CURRENT WORK PLACE SCENARIOS. THEIR LOTS OF STEPS HAVE TO BE TAKEN TO ENHANCE WOMEN EMPOWERMENT & INCREASE THEIR INFLUENCE ON VARIOUS PUBLIC & PRIVATE SECTORS WHERE THEY ARE EMPLOYED.

REFERENCE
HTTP://VILLAGEEARTH.ORG/PAGES/VILLAGE-EARTH-BLOG/LITERATUREREVIEW-THEORIES-OF-EMPOWERMENT HTTP://WWW.MEASUREDHS.COM HTTP://WCD.NIC.IN HTTP://NCW.NIC.IN/FRMCOMPLAINTUNIT.ASPX HTTP://WWW.UNIFEM.ORG.IN/PDF/PROGRESS%20OF%20WOMEN%20IN%20S OUTH%20ASIA%202007.PDF HTTP://WWW.ICRW.ORG/DOCS/2006_SONPREFERENCE.PDF HTTP://THESOP.ORG/STORY/WORLD/2010/01/06/CRIME--AGAINST-NORTHEASTERN--WOMEN.PHP