SUPPLEMENTS TO THE JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF JUDAISM Formerly Studia Post-Biblica bier COLLINS 1 Chicago Associate Edior Airy Brad 4 Downe ~ A. Histonst ~ M.A. Ke M. Mast” [AGM vase RUes ~ J. SNRs G, Srisminoi ~ J. TRoMP~ AS. VAX DaR WOUDE VOLUME 54 ney, o le a ot Sy, 1699 SEERS, SYBILS AND SAGES IN HELLENISTIC-ROMAN JUDAISM. ay JOHN J. COLLINS As, at" Sty tess wii 9 LEIDEN « NEW YORK: KOLN 1997Oli- 34S¢0 “This book sprinted on aidstve paper He % core ‘cracoFiensia ISSN 1304-1261 ISBN 90 09 10752 5 © Capit 1997 by Kose Bri, Leiden, The Nterands A its res. No pat of hpi may be phd, bose, sre in "etal sto Bananite in ony fob ay eos eis mechanical phtocopyng, reed eh ot pi erten ‘emis fo the publ. Aurion tpl ifr intra pra te gated by Kole Bri prota ‘the ape fos are as dt to The Capyight ‘Charney Cone, 222 Rasacod Dri, Suit 910 Darr MA 01923, USE Fuso sabes tc. BID. Jag, 1999 Kc ¢ | Foreword. Ackosledgemens CONTENTS Introduction ere the Canon, Sepsis in Second Temple ‘Judaism, ~ L, Apocabypticiom Genre, Ideology and Social Movements in Jewish Apocalypticism 29 ‘The Place of Apocalypticism in the Religion of Isradl 39 Jewish Apocalypticism against its Hellenistic Near Eastern Environment... 59 Apocalyptic Eschatology as the ‘Transcendence of Death .....75 ‘The Kingdom of God in the Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha nemo 99 ‘The Chrisian Adaptation of the Apocalyptic Genre 115 IL. Daniet Nebuchadnezzar and the Kingdom of God. Deferred Eschatology in the Jewish Diaspora... sonnse BI Stirring up the Great Sea: The Religio-Historical Background of Daniel 7 ‘The Mearing of the End in the Book of Daniel... “The King has become a Jew:” The Perspective on the Gentile World in Bel and the Snake seen 67) IIL. Sityts . The Jewish Adaptation of Sibylline Oracles. 181 . The Sibyl and the Potter: Poitical Propaganda in Ptolemaic Egypt. 199 A Symbol of Otherness. Ci in the Fist Century ncn sh]vi ‘contents IV. Dead Sex Scrolls 15, The Origin of the Qumran Community: A Review of the Evidence 239) 16. Was the Dead Sea Sect an Apocalyptic Movement? 261 17. ‘The Origin of Evil in Apocalyptic Literature and the Dead Sea Scroll penn Q87 18, Prophecy and Fulfillment in the Quran Serolls......0.0--301 V. Witdam and apocalypticism 19, Conmos and Salvation: Jewish Widom and Apocslypcsm in the Hellenistic: Age .rrnnann 317 20, The Sage in the Apocalyptic and Pseudepigraphic Literature .. 21. The Root of Immortality. Deat Wisdomninn 22, Wisdom, Apocalypticism and the Dead Sea Scroll. 23. Wisdom, Apocalypticism and Generic Compatibility. 339 in the Context of Jewish Indices Index of authors .ssn coe 407 Index of passages... AIS Index of subjects 433, FOREWORD During the talks which led to the decision to initiate the Supple- ments to the journal for the Study of Fudaiom, 1 was trying to draw the profile of the “ideal” book which readers of J87 would immediately recognize as representative of their field, As models of such a book, I ‘mentioned a monograph on the Book of Jubilees, and a collection of articles on Apocalypticism by John J. Collins, The reason for men- tioning Jubilees is obvious, and equally obvious to me were the reasons for suggesting a collection of articles by Collins as a model for the books of the Series. Collins has done basic groundwork on complex theoretical issues such as the geare of Apocalypticism, but has also produced detailed case analyses of discrete units of texts, he has dealt with Jewish literature in Hebrew and Aramaic as well as with Jewish literature in Greck; his rescarch spans practically the whole period covered by JSF with. an emphasis on the general Hellenistic an Roman Periods, land in it literary, socio-historical, religio-historical or theological themes are equally important. ‘Writing a monograph in the Book of Fubiles is not an easy task, nor fone which can be done at short notice. Preparing a collection of John J. Collin’ essays for publication seemed feasible, and once he ‘agreed to become the editor of the new Series I did not hesitate to put forth my request. He graciously agreed to prepare such a collection and selected the 23 articles which form the present book. ‘These articles are thematically grouped in an Introduction, which discusses the problem of the Canon in Second Temple Judaism, and five parts. The first part contains seven articles dealing with Apo- calypticism, and includes a previously unpublished study on “The Christian Adaptation of the Apocalyptic Genre”; the second part comprises four studies on the Book of Daniel; the third part offers three papers on the Sibylline Oracles, including a previously un- published study on “The Jewish Adaptation of Sibylline Oracles”, the fourth partis formed by four studies on the Dead Sea Scrolls, and the fifth part analyzes in five articles the relationship between Wisdom and Apocalypticism, Each article demonstrates Collins’ rigorous methodology and the breadth of his curiosity. He analyzes with the same interest the Jewish literature in Hebrew or in Aramaic as he does the literature