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Mathematics Trigonometry Summary 1. Basic Trigonometric Ratios

1. This document summarizes key concepts in trigonometry including definitions of the basic trigonometric ratios, complementary ratios, Pythagorean identities, sine rule, cosine rule, area of a triangle, compound angles, double angle formulae, trigonometric equations, and general solutions for trigonometric equations. 2. Methods covered include using trigonometric ratios to solve triangles, the sine rule and cosine rule for solving non-right triangles given various combinations of sides and angles, and techniques for solving trigonometric equations like using the subsidiary angle method. 3. Pythagorean identities, compound angle formulae, and double angle formulae are also summarized to relate trigonometric functions of multiple angles.

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Simran Gill
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97 views2 pages

Mathematics Trigonometry Summary 1. Basic Trigonometric Ratios

1. This document summarizes key concepts in trigonometry including definitions of the basic trigonometric ratios, complementary ratios, Pythagorean identities, sine rule, cosine rule, area of a triangle, compound angles, double angle formulae, trigonometric equations, and general solutions for trigonometric equations. 2. Methods covered include using trigonometric ratios to solve triangles, the sine rule and cosine rule for solving non-right triangles given various combinations of sides and angles, and techniques for solving trigonometric equations like using the subsidiary angle method. 3. Pythagorean identities, compound angle formulae, and double angle formulae are also summarized to relate trigonometric functions of multiple angles.

Uploaded by

Simran Gill
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS TRIGONOMETRY SUMMARY 1.

Basic Trigonometric Ratios sin =


opposite hypotenuse 1 sin

cos =

adjacent hypotenuse 1 cos

tan =

opposite adjacent 1 tan

cosec =

sec =

cot =

2.

Complementary Ratios sin(90 ) = cos cos(90 ) = sin tan(90 ) = cot

3.

Pythagorean Identities tan =


sin cos

cot = **

cos sin

sin2 + cos2 = 1 sin2 = 1 cos2 cos2 = 1 sin2 1 + tan2 = sec2 1 + cot2 = cosec2 4. The Sine Rule

(on rearranging **) (on rearranging **) (on dividing ** by cos2) (on dividing ** by sin2)

This is used in triangles which are not right-angled. It is used when given two sides and two angles, one of which is unknown.
a sin A

b sin B

c sin C

5.

The Cosine Rule This is used in triangles which are not right-angled. It is used when given three sides and one angle, one of which is unknown. To fine a side: To find an angle: a2 = b2 + c2 2bcCosA cos A =
b2 + c2 a2 2bc

6.

The Area of a Triangle This is used in triangles which are not right-angled. It is used when given two sides and the included angle.
1 Area = absinC 2

EXTENSION 1 TRIGONOMETRY SUMMARY 1. Compound Angles sin(A + B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB cos(A + B) = cosA cosB sinA sinB tan(A + B) = 2.
tanA + tanB 1 tanAtanB

sin(A B) = sinA cosB cosA sinB cos(A B) = cosA cosB + sinA sinB tan(A B) =
tanA tanB 1+ tanAtanB

Double Angle Formulae sin2A = 2sinA cosA cos2A = cos2A sin2A cos2A = 1 2sin2A cos2A = 2cos2A 1
2tanA 1 tan2 A 1 and on rearranging this gives: cos2A = (1 + cos2A) 2 1 and on rearranging this gives: sin2A = (1 cos2A) 2

tan2A = 3.

The t Formulae Given that t = tan


2t 1+ t2 x 2

:
1 t2 1+ t2 2t 1 t2

sin x = 4.

cos x =

tan x =

Subsidiary Angle Method Angles of the form asin + bcos = c can be solved using the subsidiary method. They are written in the form Rsin( + ) where: R = a2 + b 2 and tan =

a
b

and is acute.

Note: There are different forms of the original equation, 5. General Solution for Trigonometric Equations If sin = sin then the general solution is = 180n + (1)n If cos = cos then the general solution is = 360n If tan = tan then the general solution is = 180n +

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