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Ece 313: Problem Set 3: Solutions Conditional Probability, Bernoulli, and Binomial Pmfs

This document provides solutions to problems involving conditional probability, Bernoulli distributions, binomial distributions, and adding random variables. It includes: 1) Solving a conditional probability problem about Alice and Bob being late involving independence. 2) Drawing Karnaugh maps to represent dependent and independent events. 3) Calculating expectations, probabilities, and standard deviations for Bernoulli and binomial random variables modeling bets. 4) Finding probabilities of sums of binomial random variables representing passengers on trains.

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45 views

Ece 313: Problem Set 3: Solutions Conditional Probability, Bernoulli, and Binomial Pmfs

This document provides solutions to problems involving conditional probability, Bernoulli distributions, binomial distributions, and adding random variables. It includes: 1) Solving a conditional probability problem about Alice and Bob being late involving independence. 2) Drawing Karnaugh maps to represent dependent and independent events. 3) Calculating expectations, probabilities, and standard deviations for Bernoulli and binomial random variables modeling bets. 4) Finding probabilities of sums of binomial random variables representing passengers on trains.

Uploaded by

spitzersglare
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Illinois

Spring 2012

ECE 313: Problem Set 3: Solutions Conditional probability, Bernoulli, and Binomial PMFs
1. [Alice, Bob, and Chess] (a) Independence is dened by P (AB ) = P (A)P (B ), not by P (AB ) = P (A). (b) P (Ac B ) = P (B ) P (AB ) = 0.1. P (Ac B c ) = P (Ac ) P (Ac B ) = 0.7. P (B c |Ac ) = P (Ac B c )/P (Ac ) = 7/8. (c) Bob and Alice can be late because of chess, or they can be late independently, thus P (AB ) = P (AB |C )P (C ) + P (AB |C c )P (C c ). The two postulates give us P (AB ) = P (C ) + P (A|C c )P (B |C c )(1 P (C )). Similarly, P (Ac B ) = (1 P (A|C c ))P (B |C c )(1 P (C )) and P (AB c ) = (1 P (B |C c ))P (A|C c )(1 P (C )). This gives us three equations for the three unknowns, P (C ), (A|C c ), and P (B |C c ). Solving yields P (C ) = 0.2. 2. [Independent and dependent events in a Karnaugh map] (a) Solution should be a Karnaugh map showing P (AB ) = 1/12, P (AB c ) = 1/3, P (Ac B ) = 1/6, and P (Ac B c ) = 1/2. (b) Solution should be a Karnaugh map showing P (AB ) = 1/24, P (AB c ) = 7/24, P (Ac B ) = 5/24, and P (Ac B c ) = 11/24. 3. [Bernoulli Bets and Binomial Bets] (a) i. Draw the PMF of X , pX (u) as a function of u. The plot should have an abscissa with the values 0 and 10000, whose probabilities are 49/50 and 1/50, respectively. ii. What is E [X ]? E [X ] = 200. iii. What is X ? X = 1002 p(1 p)C 2 = 1400. i. Sketch the PMF of Y , pY (v ) as a function of v . Label the minimum, maximum, and modal values of v . The distribution is a binomial distribution, with minimum at y = 0, maximum at y = 10000, and mode at approximately 100npC = 200. ii. What is E [Y ]? E [Y ] = 100Cpn = 200. iii. What is Y ? Y = np(1 p)C 2 = 140.

(b)

4. [The Bizarre Bernoulli] 5. [Binomial Passenger Trains] (a) E [X ] = np = 4. (b) pX (0) = (1 p)6 = (1/3)6 = 1/729. (c) P (Y 50X ) = pX (3)P (Y 150) + pX (4) + pX (5) + pX (6) = 496 729 . 6. [Adding Random Variables] (a) Z = 0 only if X = 0 and Y = 0, therefore pZ (0) = (1 p)M +N . (b) Z = 1 if X = 1 and Y = 0, or vice versa, therefore pZ (1) =
N 1 0.5(6 23 +(6 24 +(6 25 +(6 26 3) 4) 5) 6) 729

M 1

p(1 p)M +N 1 .

(c) pZ (k ) = (d) pZ (k ) =
M +N k M M i=0 i N ki

pk (1 p)M +N k 0 k M + N otherwise

pk (1 p)M +N k 0 k M + N otherwise

7. [Computer Problem: Binomial random variables] (a) (b) (c)

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