Training Targets

HUAWEI

datacomm.huawei.com

Autonomous System
HUAWEI

datacomm.huawei.com

BGP Gateway Protocol

HUAWEI

datacomm.huawei.com

Attributes of BGP
HUAWEI

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BGP Packets
HUAWEI

OPEN Packet UPDATE Packet NOTIFICATION Packet KEEPALIVE Packet

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HUAWEI

BGP's Two Kinds of Neighbors

AS100
RTA

AS200
RTB

E B G P IBGP RTC

E B G P

AS300

RTD

IGP

IGP RTE

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HUAWEI

BGP's Two Kinds of Neighbors

AS100
RTA

AS200
RTB

E B G P IBGP RTC

E B G P

AS300

RTD

IGP

IGP RTE

datacomm.huawei.com

Process of a BGP Router Handling Routes

HUAWEI

utes from rs

Filter and set attributes

Combine concrete

Choose best route

Install route

Transm route to peers

Output strategy

Input strategy

Route aggregation

Strategy process

Add to route table

BGP route

Import strategy machine

IGP route

Route table

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Summarization of BGP Route Attributes

HUAWEI

Express route attributes Transitive and non-transitive Well-known and optional Easy to expand AS-path, next-hop, origin, local preference, MED, atomic-aggregation, aggregator, community

datacomm.huawei.com

The Basic Configuration of the BGP Protocol

HUAWEI

Start and stop BGP Set BGP partners Reset BGP connection Configure BGP local peers Define access list, AS path and route map BGP interacts with IGP
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Basic Configuration Commands of BGP

HUAWEI

Start and stop BGP

Operation StartBGPandenterBGP protocol setting mode StopBGP Command routerbgp as-number no router bgp

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HUAWEI

Basic Configuration Commands of BGP

Configure the peers of BGP

Operation Establishand cancel peer relation Configure prefix filter for peer Configure autonomous system path filter for peer Configure route map for peer Command [no] neighbor {neighbor-address | group-name} remote-as as-number [no] neighbor {neighbor-address | group-name} distribute-list list-num {in | out} [no] neighbor {neighbor-address | group-name} filter-list list-num {in | out}

[no] neighbor {neighbor-address | group-name} route-map map-name {in | out}

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

Basic Configuration Commands of BGP

Reset BGP connecion
Operation Reset a connection with a counterpart Reset all connections with counterparts Command clear ip bgp neighbor-address clear ip bgp *

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

Basic Configuration Commands of BGP

Setting BGP local peers
Operation Set local preference level Use default local preference Set MED Use default MED value Define Network to be transmitted by BGP Cancel setting of the transmitting network Command bgp default local-preference preference no bgp default local-preference bgp default-metric metric no bgp default-metric network ip-address [mask mask ] [route-map map-name] no network ip-address

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

Basic Configuration Commands of BGP

Define access list, AS (autonomous system) path list and route map
Operation De accesslist Cancel access list Define AS route list Cancel AS access list definition Define route map Cancel route map definition Command access-list list-num {permit | deny} ip-address mask no access-list list-num ip as-path access-list list-num {permit | deny} as-regular-expression no ip as-path access-list list-num route-map map-name {permit | deny} seq-num no route-map map-name

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

Basic Configuration Commands of BGP

Interaction of BGP with IGP
Operation redistribute connect routes redistribute igrp routes redistribute eigrp routes Command redistribute connected [metric metric] [route-map map-name] redistribute igrp [metric metric] [route-map map-name] redistribute eigrp as-number [metric metric] [route-map map-name] redistribute ospf [metric metric] [route-map map-name] redistribute ospf-ase [metric metric] [route-map map-name] redistribute rip [metric metric] [route-map map-name] redistribute static [metric metric]

redistribute ospf routes redistribute routes that are redistributed by ospf redistribute rip routes redistribute static routes

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

Establishment of BGP Connection

RTA

10.0.0.1

EBGP
RTC

IGP

20.0.0.1

AS200

AS100 IGP
RTB

IBGP
30.0.0.1

10.0.0.2

datacomm.huawei.com

BGP Redistributes Route

HUAWEI

Dynamic route
192.213.5.0

RTA

172.16.1.0 192.213.5.0 202.38.10.0

AS200 RTC

RTB AS100

IGP
Static route
172.16.1.0

Direct route
202.38.10.0

BGP

datacomm.huawei.com

Route Filter- Based on AS-path

HUAWEI

RTA

30.0.0.1

30.0.0.2

RTB

AS300

10.0.0.2

Only transmit the route of this AS

20.0.0.2

10.0.0.1

RTD
AS200

20.0.0.1

Only receive route transmitted from AS100

AS100

RTC

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Route Filter - Based on Address Access List

HUAWEI

RTA

30.0.0.1

30.0.0.2

RTB

AS300

10.0.0.2

19.0.0.0/8

18.0.0.0/8

20.0.0.2

18.0.0.0/8
10.0.0.1

RTD
AS200

20.0.0.1

AS100

RTC

18.0.0.0/8 datacomm.huawei.com

The Origin Attribute

HUAWEI

AS1

IGP BGP

19.0.0.0/8

RTB

EBGP

RTA

OSPF

18.0.0.0/8

IGP

a route is imported into the BGP route tab with a "network" command, then the origin attribute is IGP. a route is redistributed into the BGP route tab with a "redistribute" command, then the origin attribute imcomplete. If a route obtained through EGP datacomm.huawei.com

The AS-Path Attribute

HUAWEI

AS 300 AS 400 D d1 400 300 200

D(18.0.0.0/8) AS 200

RTA

30.0.0.1

30.0.0.2

RTB

AS 500

BGP

D d2

500 200

AS 100
BGP

BGP

D d1 >D d2

400 300 200 500 200

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The Next-hop Attribute

HUAWEI
RTA

I can reach 18.0.0.0/8 via the next hop I can reach 20.0.0.0/8 via the next hop I can reach19.0.0.0/8 via the next hop

RTC

I can reach 19.0.0.0/8 via the next h I can reach 20.0.0.0/8 via the next h

10.0.0.1

EBGP
RTC

RTA

AS100
19.0.0.0/8

20.0.0.1

Ethernet

18.0.0.0/8

10.0.0.2

IBGP
20.0.0.2

IBGP AS200
10.0.0.3

RTB
RTB

20.0.0.0/8
RTD

can reach 10.0.0.2 I 18.0.0.0/8 via 18.0.0.0/8 the next hop. 20.0.0.0/8 Ican reach 10.0.0.3 via 20.0.0.0/8 the next hop.

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

The MULTI_EXIT_DISC Attribute

AS100
30.0.0.1
10.0.0.1

>D metric1 10 D metric2 20

RTA

20.0.0.1

D metric1
20.0.0.1

10

D metric2

20

30.0.0.2

20.0.0.2

RTB

IBGP AS200

RTC

D(18.0.0.0/8)

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

The Local-preference Attribute

A S 4 0 0
RTF

D(18.0.0.0/8)

A S 2 0 0
RTD

30.0.0.1

20.0.0.1 20.0.0.2

RTE

A S 3 0 0

30.0.0.2

RTB

RTC
D local-pref2 200

D local-pref1 100

A S 1 0 0

D local-pref1 >D local-pref2

100 200

RTA

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Other Main BGP Functions

HUAWEI

Huge route list BGP aggregation There are too many IBGP neighbors, so full-mesh is not practical.
BGP confideration BGP reflection

Frequent route flapping in a complicated network environment

BGP dampening

BGP Speakers among many ASs share the same strategy

BGP community
datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

BGP Aggregation - Only notify aggregated route

AS100 172.16.0.0/20 AS200 RTB

172.16.0.0/24 172.16.1.0/24 172.16.2.0/24 ...... 172.16.15.0/24

RTA

EBGP

172.16.0.0/20

TA(config-router-bgp)# aggregate-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.240.0 summary-only

datacomm.huawei.com

HUAWEI

BGP Aggregation - Notify Aggregated Routes and Concrete Routes

AS100 172.16.0.0/20 RTA

AS200
172.16.0.0/24 172.16.1.0/24 172.16.2.0/24 ...... 172.16.15.0/24 172.16.0.0/20

172.16.0.0/20

172.16.0.0/24 172.16.1.0/24 172.16.2.0/24 ...... 172.16.15.0/24

......

RTB 172.16.0.0/20

TA(config-router-bgp)# aggregate-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.240.0 TB(config-router-bgp)# aggregate-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.240.0

datacomm.huawei.com

BGP Community
HUAWEI

D1(18.0.0.0/8) NO-EXPORT D2(19.0.0.0/8)

RTA

30.0.0.1

AS100
30.0.0.2

AS300

RTC

AS200

RTB

D2(19.0.0.0/8)

datacomm.huawei.com

BGP Reflection
HUAWEI

AS100

BGP

RTA
Client

30.0.0.2 IBGP

BGP 30.0.0.1 20.0.0.1

Route reflector

IBGP

Non-clien
BGP

BGP

BGP

BGP

IBGP

RTB
Client
20.0.0.2
BGP

IBGP

RTE

RTC
BGP

Non-client

BGP

BGP

GP
GP

EBGP
BGP

RTD

datacomm.huawei.com

AS100

BGP Confederation
HUAWEI

RTA

AS200

RTG

30.0.0.2

30.0.0.1

20.0.0.1 40.0.0.1 40.0.0.2

20.0.0.2

RTD RTF

RTB

AS65050

RTC

AS65060

RTE

AS100
datacomm.huawei.com

BGP Dampening
HUAWEI

enalty alue

Restrain threshold

AS200

RTB

D(18.0.0.0/8)

Tim e R e u s e threshold

AS100

RTA

BGP Route Flapping Procedure

RTA(config-router-bgp)# bgp dampening 15 15 500 1000 8000 60

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BGP Network Instance

HUAWEI

AS500
RIP

AS400

OSPF

RTG

RTE RTA RTB

AS100

RTC RTD

AS200
OSPF

RTF

IB G PF u ll-m e s h L o g ically

RTH

AS300
RIP

datacomm.huawei.com

Looking into BGP Information

HUAWEI

Show BGP Route Information Quidway#show ip bgp BGP local router ID is 10.110.160.1 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i internal Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Path *> 88.8.3.0/24 10.110.250.2 700 i *>i 200.201.0.0/16 160.1.8.1 100 ?
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Looking into BGP Information

HUAWEI

Show BGP Route Information Quidway#show ip bgp summary

Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down Stat 160.1.48.2 4 100 4 11 0 00:03:38 Estab 150.1.8.1 4 200 0 0 0 00:00:09 Activ

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BGP Debugging Command

HUAWEI

RTA#[ no ] debug ip bgp ...... All means all BGP debugging switch Events means debugging switch of BGP instance information Keepalive means debugging switch of Keepalive information: Opens means debugging switch of Open information Packets means debugging switch of all BGP information Updates means debugging switch of Update information datacomm.huawei.com