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SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION
About this Manual ....................................... 5 Definitions .................................................... 5 Contacts ....................................................... 5 Introduction .................................................. 5 Approvals and Standards ............................. 5 Health and Safety ......................................... 6 First Aid ........................................................ 7 FM-200 Agent characteristics ..................... 7 Agent Physical Properties ..................... 8 Table 1: FM-200 .............................................................. 8 Table 2: Nitrogen ................................... 8 Table 3: Toxicology/Environmental ....... 8

CONTENTS

SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

System Design .............................................. 23 Hazard Analysis .................................... 23 Hazard Structure......................................... 24 Hazard Volume ....................................... 24 Ventilation .............................................. 25 Hazard Temperature ............................... 25 Hazard Fuels .......................................... 25 Personnel Safety .................................... 25 Agent Quantities ................................... 25 Agent Storage ....................................... 25 Manifolds .............................................. 26 Agent Distribution ................................ 26 Agent Flow Characteristics .......................... 27 Nitrogen Superpressurisation ................ 27 Flow in Pipe ........................................... 27 Initial Vapour Discharge ........................ 27 Trailing Vapour Pressure ....................... 27 Nozzle selection and location ....................... 27 Example: Max Limits in pipe Work ......... 28 Example: Nozzle Selection ...................... 29 System Design Procedure ............................. 29 Example: Tee Split Designs .................... 30 Design Example - Calculations ...................... 31 Example .................................................. 31 Piping Practices ............................................ 33

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

System Components ..................................... 9 FM-200 Container ................................ 9 Table 4: Container Details ...................... 9 Container Label........................................... 10 Fixing Bracket ........................................ 11 Valve Assembly ..................................... 11 Principle of Operation ............................ 11 Burst Disc.................................................... 12 Low Pressure Switch ............................. 12 Manual Actuator ................................... 13 Pneumatic Actuator ............................... 13 Removable Electrical Actuator .............. 13 Side Mounted Electrical Actuator............ 14 Flexible Discharge Hose ........................ 14 Solenoid Adaptor .................................. 15 Manifold Check Valve ............................ 15 Manifold ................................................ 16 Table 5: Manifold Dimensions ............... 16 Manifold Bracket Assembly .................. 17 Flexible Pilot Hose ................................. 18 Male Adaptor ........................................ 18 Male Tee ................................................ 19 Male Elbow ............................................ 19 Pressure Switch ..................................... 19 Discharge Nozzle ................................... 20 Door Notice ........................................... 21 Manual Release Notice.............................. 21 Typical Manifold System ....................... 22

SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS

Introduction .................................................. 34 Table 6: Weight Calculations Imperial .... 34 Table 6a: Weight Calculations Metric .... 35 Table 7: Altitude Correction...................... 35 FM-200 Equation Calculations .................... 35 Engineered Systems ..................................... 36 Program Parameters ............................... 36 Table 8: Max/Min Flow Rates ................ 36 Table 9: Equivalent Length for Pipe Fittings ..................................... 37 Table 10: Equivalent Length for other Components .......................................... 37

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SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION
General Comments ........................................ 56 System Detection & Actuation ..................... 56 General ................................................... 56 Manual System ...................................... 56 Fully Automatic System ........................ 56 Fully Automatic System with Manual Intervention .................................................. 57 Conditions During a Fire ............................... 57 FM-200Concentration .......................... 57 FM-200 Decomposition ....................... 57 FM-200 Discharge Conditions ............. 57 Actions Following a Fire ............................... 58 General ................................................... 58 Actions Immediately Following a Fire ... 58

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION
General Information ...................................... 38 Container Installation ................................... 38 Single Container Installation ......................... 39 Table 11: Bracket Fixing Heights ............ 39 Multiple Container Installation ..................... 40 Manifold Bracket Installation ................ 40 Table 12: Manifold Bracket Height ........ 41 Pipe Installation ............................................ 42 Table 13: UK Steel Pipe Requirements ... 42 Table 14: UK Fittings ............................. 42 Table 15: US Steel Pipe Requirements .... 43 Table 16: US Fittings .............................. 43 Pipe Hangers ......................................... 43 Table 17: Hanger Spacing ...................... 43 Earthing & Electrical Clearance........................ 44 Table 18: Safety Clearances ................... 44 Nozzles .......................................................... 44 Actuation Installation ................................... 45 Single Container Actuation ................... 45 Multiple Container Actuation ................ 47 Ancillary Equipment ..................................... 49 Discharge Pressure Switch .................... 49 Low Pressure Switch ............................. 50 Accessories .................................................. 50 Door Notices ......................................... 50 Manual Release Notices ........................ 50 Completion Procedures ................................. 50 Pre-checks and Visual Inspections ........ 50 Final Connections .................................. 51 Handover Procedures ................................... 52

SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE
Introduction .................................................. 59 User's Programme of Inspection ................... 59 Contract Service & Maintenance .................. 60 Mechanical Service Procedure ...................... 61 Specialised Maintenance Duties. .................. 62 Finally .................................................... 62

SECTION 9 - RECHARGING
Valve Refurb ................................................. 63 Testing .......................................................... 63 Container/Valve Assy ................................... 64 Filling ............................................................ 64 Table 19: Fill Tolerance Table ................. 66 Table 20: Temperature Correction Chart . 66 Container/Valve Assy Leak Test ................... 67 Decanting ..................................................... 67 Transportation .............................................. 68

SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING

Introduction .................................................. 53 Principle ........................................................ 53 Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA) ................... 53 Below Ceiling Leakage Area (BCLA) ............ 53 Predicting Retention Time ............................ 53 Slab to Slab Walls .................................. 53 Coordination and Planning ........................... 53 Integrity Test Procedure ........................ 54 Enclosure Evaluation ............................. 54 Calculation .................................................... 55 Leakage Location .......................................... 55

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CONTENTS

SECTION 10 - WARRANTY, DISCLAIMERS & LIMITATIONS

Warranty ....................................................... 69 Disclaimers & Limitations ............................. 69

SECTION 11 - APPENDICES
Appendix A - Site Survey / Request Form .... 71 Appendix B - Temperature Correction Chart . 73 Appendix C - Hughes Program printout ....... 74 Appendix D - FM-200 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).................84

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Introduction
FM-200 is a clean, safe fire fighting agent for use in total flooding automatic extinguishing systems. It is intended as a long term replacement for Halon 1301 and, whilst maintaining the excellent fire suppression properties of Halon, has none of the environmental problems. Storage and distribution requirements are similar to Halon and the majority of system components are identical. However, FM-200 is not a direct replacement for existing Halon 1301 installations due to the difference in agent quantity and discharge characteristics. The FM-200 design concentration for Class A fire risks is 7.17%, and therefore requires approximately 45% additional storage capacity over that required for Halon in the same area. The manufacturers claim that FM-200 is safer than Halon 1301 for use in total flooding applications and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) accepts extended use exposures of up to 9%. This has been further confirmed by a recently published HAG report. FM200 is rated as Zero Ozone Depletion (ODP), is electrically non-conductive, clean, and leaves no residue. Refer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition "Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems," Section 1-6 "Safety," for additional exposure requirements. The systems described in this manual are 'engineered'. Engineered systems for example can consist of several FM-200 containers, manifolded together and connected via a pipe network to a number of discharge nozzles. Systems may be activated mechanically or electrically. Mechanical manual actuation is via a strike knob attached to the container valve. Electrical actuation is via a removable side mounted solenoid. The solenoid can be energised automatically by a signal from a detection and alarm control panel. Users of this manual should find that sufficient information is provided to plan, design, purchase components, install, operate and maintain the system. However, in the event that part of the document is not understood, or if there is any concern as to the suitability of the protection, do not hesitate to contact one of our specialist engineers for the matter to be quickly resolved.

About this Manual

This manual is a comprehensive guide that contains all the information necessary to design, install and maintain the FM-200 Engineered Extinguishing system supplied by Macron Safety Systems Limited. However the manual does not address information relating to fire detection. Please refer to the BFPSA Code of Practice for Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems. Users of this manual are assumed to be competent fire engineers with a basic knowledge of such systems. The contents are arranged in a logical order describing the various procedures in turn, alternatively specific sections can be referred to as required. Users who are not familiar with the equipment should first read the complete manual.

Definitions
FM-200 FM-200 is a registered trade mark of the Great Lakes Chemical Corporation. In this manual system refers to the extinguishing equipment and does not include any electrical system which may initiate an agent release. Hydraulic flow program used to predict the two phase flow of FM-200 through a pipe network.

System

Engineered

Contacts
Should any part of this manual not be understood, or there are any queries concerning a system, please contact: Macron Safety Systems (UK) Limited Woodlands Place Woodlands Road Guildford Surrey GU1 1RN England Tel. Fax. (+44) (0)1483 572222 (+44) (0)1483 302180

Approvals and Standards

Macron's manufactured equipment and the FM-200 agent, manufactured by Great Lakes Chemical Corporation, have acquired comprehensive approvals and listings providing further support to the overall product. 5

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FM-200 Agent
u u u u u u Factory Mutual (Approved) Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) Recognised Component NFPA 2001 Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems (Listed Alternative) US EPA SNAP Rpt. (Unrestricted Listed Alternative) Australian Industrial Chemicals Notification (Approved) German Institute for Environmental Hygiene and Medicine (Approved)

SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION

served e.g. BS5306: Part 5: Section 5.1 and the BFPSA Code of Practice for Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems. Reference should also be made to NFPA 2001 and BFPSA Volume 3 section 19 A review of the toxic and asphyxiating hazards of clean agents replacements for Halon 1301. FM-200, like halon, extinguishes by causing a chemical reaction with the combustion products, and does not remove oxygen like CO2 and other inert agents. Therefore, exposure to FM-200 at the design concentration of 7.17%, and up to 9.0%, is not hazardous to health. Exposure to higher concentrations is permissible for limited periods. Refer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition Section 1-6 "Safety," for exposure requirements. As with halons, the US EPA and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) recommend that unnecessary exposure to any agent be avoided and that personnel evacuate protected areas as quickly as possible to avoid the decomposition products of the fire. FM-200 can decompose at high temperatures to form halogen acids. If so, their presence is readily detected as a sharp, pungent odour long before hazardous maximum exposure levels are reached. Fire toxicity studies conclude that generally decomposition products from the fire itself, especially carbon monoxide, smoke, heat, and oxygen depletion, create a greater hazard. The noise created by the FM-200 agent discharging can be loud enough to startle people in the vicinity, but is unlikely to cause any permanent injury. Turbulence caused by the high velocity discharge can dislodge substantial objects directly in its path, and cause enough general turbulence within the protected area to move paper and light objects. Direct contact with the vaporising liquid discharged from an FM-200 nozzle has a chilling effect on objects and in extreme cases can cause frostbite to the skin. The liquid phase vaporises rapidly when mixed with air and therefore limits the risk to the immediate vicinity of the nozzle. Minor reduction in visibility may occur for a brief period due to the condensation of water vapour.

Macron Safety Systems Manufactured Systems

u u u Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL Listed) Loss Prevention Council Board (Listed) Factory Mutual (Listed)

Macron Safety Systems manufacture in strict accordance with the internationally recognised Quality assurance Standard, BS EN ISO 9000 and approved to ISO 9001. Macron Safety Systems FM-200 Extinguishing System Units are to be designed, installed, inspected, maintained, tested and recharged by qualified, trained personnel in accordance with The Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, NFPA2001, 2000 edition and to be used in accordance with Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Significant New Alternatives Program (SNAP). Where determined to be appropriate by the authority having jurisdiction, applicable BS Standards may additionally be utilized to specific system requirements for these purposes.

Health and Safety

A properly designed and installed extinguishing system should not present any significant health or safety problems, however, there are basic precautions to be taken to avoid accidents, and aspects of the system operation that should be understood. End-users often require reassurance regarding the safety of personnel, and this can only be given if a thorough understanding of the properties of the agent and its effects in different situations are known. Current best practice should be ob6

WARNING
The discharge of clean agent systems to extinguish a fire can result in a potential hazard to personnel from the natural form of the clean agent or from the products of combustion that results from exposure of the agent to the fire or hot surfaces. Unnecessary exposure of personnel either to the natural agent or to the products of decomposition shall be avoided.

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The present understanding of the functioning of FM200 is that 80% of its fire fighting effectiveness is achieved through heat absorption and 20% through direct chemical means (action of the fluorine radical on the chain reaction of a flame). Complete suppression using FM-200 has the following advantages:

HMIS: 2-0-0/heptafloropropane/contents under pressure. 0-0-0/nitrogen expellant gas/very cold, contents under pressure. Consult Great Lakes Chemicals Co., P.O. Box 2200, West LaFayette, IN 47996-2200. Emergency phone number 800-949-5167.

First Aid
Skin Maintain at body temperature, thaw affected area with gentle heat. If frostbite occurs seek medical attention. Do not rub affected area. Apply gentle heat, Do not allow patient to touch affected area.
l l l l l

The low concentration of FM-200 required means less visual obscurity and minimal risk to personnel. The small quantity of agent discharged minimises over-pressurisation of the protected area. Maximum safety for personnel due to low toxicity. Most effective when used with automatic detection to introduce FM-200 rapidly. The ability to prevent re-ignition as long as concentration levels are maintained.

Eyes

FM-200 Agent Characteristics

FM-200 (HFC-227ea) is a clean, gaseous agent containing no particles or oily residues. It is produced under ISO 9002 guidelines to strict manufacturing specifications ensuring product purity. FM-200 leaves no residue or oily deposits on delicate electronic equipment, and can be removed from the protected space by ventilation. FM-200 is thermally and chemically stable, but without the extremely long atmospheric lifetimes associated with other proposed halon replacements. The atmospheric lifetime of FM-200 has been determined to be 36.5 years (Reference GLCC). The US EPA SNAP does not consider FM-200 to be a long lived substance when discharged, and as such has placed no restrictions on its use. (Environmental Protection Agency's Significant New Alternatives Program). Typical areas that can be protected by an FM-200 system are detailed below; the list is by no means exhaustive:

FM-200 is stored as a liquified compressed gas and is discharged into the protected area as a vapour. It is stored in approved DOT(HSE)4BW500 or DOT(HSE)4BW450 containers and is super-pressurised with dry nitrogen to 25 Bar @ 210 C (360 PSI @ 70 0F).

WARNING
FM-200 shall not be used on fires involving the following materials unless they have been tested to the satisfaction of the authority having jurisdiction:

Bank Vaults Libraries Rare Book Stores Electronic Data Processing Telephone Exchanges Studios Communication Centres Transformer and Switchrooms Control Rooms Test Laboratories Flammable Liquid Stores

Certain chemicals or mixtures of chemicals, such as

cellulose nitrate and gunpowder, that are capable of rapid oxidation in the absence of air.

Reactive metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium,

magnesium, titanium, zirconium, uranium and plutonium.

Metal hydrides. Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal decomposition, such as certain organic peroxidase and hydrazine.

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Agent Physical Properties Table 1.
Agent Physical Properties Chemical structure Chemical name Molecular weight Boiling point Freezing point Critical temperature Critical pressure Critical volume Critical density Saturated vapour density @ 20 oC (68 oF)
(Reference: NFPA 2001, 2000 edition)

SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION

HFC-227ea
CF3CHFCF3
Heptafluoropropane

170.03 -16.40C (1.9oF) -131.10C (-204 oF) 101.70C (214 oF) 2912 kPa (422 psi) 274 cc/mole (.0258cu Ft./lb.) 621 kg/m3 (38.76 lb./Ft3) 31.18 kg/m3 (1.95 lb./ft3)

Table 2.
Agent Physical Properties Chemical structure Chemical name Molecular weight Boiling point Freezing point Critical temperature Critical pressure (Reference: NFPA 2001, 2000 edition)

N2
Nitrogen

28.0 -195.80C (-320.4oF) -210.00C (-346 oF) -146.90C (-232.4 oF) 3399 kPa (492.9 psi) 

Table 3: Toxicology/Environmental
FM-200

Environmental
Ozone Depletion (ODP) Atmospheric Lifetime (yrs)
(Reference: Great Lakes Chemical Corporation)

0 36.5

Toxicology
Acute Exposure LC50 (ppm) Cardiac Sensitization No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL)
(Reference: NFPA 2001, 2000 edition)

>800,000 9.0% >10.5%

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FM-200 Container
The agent storage vessel consists of a container fitted with a valve and internal syphon tube, factory filled with FM-200, and super-pressurised with dry nitrogen to 25 bar @ 210C(360 psi @ 700F). Containers sharing the same manifold shall be equal in size and fill density. Containers are finished in Alkyd Gloss Enamel Federal red and are available in various sizes ( Figure 1). A nameplate is adhered to the container displaying the agent weight, tare weight, gross weight, fill density and charge date.

System Components
This section describes the individual components that comprise a complete system. Some items are optional depending on the application, and are indicated as such.
Figure 1 - FM-200 Container

Technical Information Manufactured in accordance with DOT(HSE)4BW500 or 4BW450. Material Carbon % Manganese % Phosphorus % Sulphur %

0.220% 1.250% 0.045% 0.050%

max max max max

4BW500
Hydraulic test pressure: Working Pressure: 68.95 bar (1000 psi) 34.47 bar (500 psi)

4BW450
Hydraulic test pressure: Working Pressure: 62.1 bar (900 psi) 31.0 bar (450 psi)

Paint Specification:

Alkyd Gloss Enamel P-20187 Federal Red

Table 4: Container details.

Part No. 9180 (8 litre) 9190 (16 litre) 9200 (32 litre) 9210 (52 litre) 9220 (106 litre) 9230 (147 litre) 9240 (180 litre) Nom. Volume Kg (Lbs.) 4.5 to 8.0 9.0 to 17.5 17.0 to 33.5 27.0 to 53.0 53.5 to 106.5 74.0 to 147.5 91.5 to 182.0 (10 to 18) (20 to 39) (38 to 74) (59 to 117) (118 to 235) (163 to 325) (201 to 401)

Figure 1 - FM-200 Container

Dimension A Outlet Size (nominal) Diameter Empty Weight mm (In) mm (In) mm (In) kg (Ibs) 25 25 25 50 50 50 50 (1") (1") (1") (2") (2") (2") (2") 304 502 833 596 1021 1354 1634 (12.") (19.8") (32.8") (23.5") (40.2") (53.3") (64.3") 254 254 254 406 406 406 406 (10") (10") (10") (16") (16") (16") (16") 14.8 18.4 26.1 49.1 71.8 89.9 105.8 (32.6") (40.6") (57.5") (108.3") (158.3") (198.2") (233.2")
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Container Label
The container label details the weight of FM-200 contained, empty weight, fill density and charge date. Once the label is applied to the container surface, and to avoid possible tampering it can not be removed intact.
Figure 2 - Container Label

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Technical Information Material: Adhesive: Dimensions: Aluminum Pre-applied 3M adhesive 9485 150mm x 210mm (Pt.No.4294) (5.9") (8.3") 350mm x 50mm (Pt.No.4284)

(13.8")

(1.9")

Macron Safety Systems (UK) Ltd Guildford, Surrey GU1 1RN Tel: +44 (0) 1483 57 2222 Fax: +44 (0) 1483 302 180

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Figure 4 - Valve Assembly

Fixing Brackets
The bracket assembly consists of a nut and bolt, two bracket straps and one back channel. To securely hold the container in position during the system discharge, two bracket assemblies are required per container. The only exception is the 8 litre container which only requires one. Each strap is notched for insertion into the back channel allowing the container to be properly aligned. The bracket assembly is designed to be mounted to a rigid vertical surface with the container assembly resting fully on the floor.
Figure 3 - Fixing Bracket

25mm (1") valve assembly Part No. 6410 50mm (2") valve assembly Part No. 6430 Technical Information Material: Body Proof Pressure: Outlet Adaptor: Low Pressure Port: Gauge Port: Pilot Pressure Port: Solenoid Adaptor Port: Brass CZ 121 150 bar (2175 psi) 1" BSP, 2"BSP 1/8" NPT 1/8" NPT 1/4" BSPP 1/8" NPT

Part No.

Cont.size

Dim.A mm (in) 400 (15.75")

9011

8-32 Ltr 254mm dia. (10 in) 52-180 406mm dia. (16 in)

Principle of Operation
600 (23.6")

9012

Valve Assembly
The Macron Safety Systems designed and manufactured container valve is the result of extensive research and development and incorporates many unique safety features. The valve assembly is factory-fitted to the container and is supplied pre-assembled with a low pressure switch, pressure gauge and burst disc.

The Macron Safety Systems FM-200 valve is a highflow-rate device specially designed for fire protection use. Operation is by means of a pressure-differential piston. Container pressure is used within the valve to create a positive force on the piston, sealing the valve closed. Operation of the valve occurs when the upper chamber is vented faster than the 'make up device' in the shuttle can replace the pressure. Thereby allowing, the shuttle to be forced up, and free flow of FM-200 from the valve. Upper chamber pressure is released by the electrical, mechanical or pneumatic actuator. 11

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The valve incorporates the following features: A pressure operated safety release device (burst disc). Main outlet, fitted with safety shipping cap. A connection for a pneumatic or mechanical actuator, fitted with safety cap. A connection for an electrical solenoid. A connection for the pneumatic pilot signal output used for multiple container operation.

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Low Pressure Switch

A low pressure warning switch is fitted to every container and must be utilised to safeguard the warranty requirements. The device continuously monitors the container pressure and in the event of the pressure dropping below 20 bar (290 psi) the switch operates to enable the condition to be signalled to a control unit.

Figure 6 - Low Pressure Switch (Part No. 94181)

Burst Disc
A burst disc is factory fitted to every valve assembly. It is designed to rupture when the container becomes over pressurised when subjected to temperatures above the designed storage temperature of the container.
Figure 5 - Burst Disc

Technical Information Body: Rating: Brass CZ 121 50 bar (725 psi) @ 50oC (120oF) Thread 25mm Valve(1") : M14 x 1.25 (Pt.No. 94080) Thread 50mm Valve(2") : M18 x 1.00 (Pt.No. 94085) Hole Orientation: 90o to Body Torque: 18 Nm (13.3Ibs.ft) (M14 Thread) Torque: 20 Nm (14.8Ibs.ft) (M18 Thread)

Technical Information Body: Switch point: Switch Type: Proof pressure: Connection: Max. Current: Voltage Range:

PS20

Hermetically sealed Stainless Steel Open at 20 bar +/-0.7 bar (290 psi (+/- 10psi) Close on rise at 24 bar +/-0.7 bar (350 psi (+/- 10psi) 345 bar (5003 psi) Brass 1/8" NPT Max 2.9A 5-28 vdc

Wire leads

1.82m (6Ft)

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Technical Information Body: Actuation Pin: Pipe connection: Min. Actuation Pressure: Brass CZ121 Stainless Steel 1/4" BSPP Female 2 bar (29 psi)

Manual Actuator
The manual actuator is a simple strike knob assembly which is fitted to the top of the valve assembly or solenoid actuator. Inadvertent operation is prevented by a pin which has to be removed before activation.
Figure 7 - Manual Actuator (Part No. 2880)

Removable Electrical Actuator

The removable electrical actuator is also similar to the manual actuator and locates to the top of the container valve. 24v dc is required for solenoid operation. Provision is made for the connection of a manual strike Knob to the top of the actuator assembly.
Figure 9 - Electrical Actuator (Part No. 9490)

Technical Information Body: Knob: Safety Pin: Actuation Pin: Min Actuation Force: Brass CZ 121 Nylon Zinc Plated Mild Steel Stainless Steel 25.5N (5.73 Ibf)

Pneumatic Actuator
The pneumatic actuator is an assembly similar to the manual actuator but without the strike knob. Pressure from a master container or other sources is used to actuate the valve, via small bore piping or, preferably, a flexible hose.
Figure 8 - Pneumatic Actuator (Part No. 2900) Technical Information Body: Swivel nut: Actuation Pin: Actuation Type: Rest Requirement: Connection: Power requirement: Current: Manual Actuation Force: Electrical connection: Diode Type: Temperature Range: Life Span: Testing: Approval: Mild Steel & Dull Nickel Brass CZ121 Stainless Steel Latching Manual Force Required 1" BSPP 24vdc 0.2A 5 kgf (11. Ib.f) 3-pin plug connector Suppression -20oC to +55oC (-4oF to131oF) 10 years from manufacture 100% Check on start / Finish position Underwriters Laboratories Recognised to UL508 Tested in accordance with UL864

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Side Mounted Electrical Actuator
This solenoid actuator differs from other actuators in that it is side mounted. It can be located directly on the side of the valve or via a solenoid adaptor. The adaptor enables the actuator to be removed safely without actuation of the container valve. It is designed to be used in explosive atmospheres (Class I , groups C and D, Class II, groups E, F & G). It is operated by a 24v dc input signal.
Figure 10 - Electrical Actuator (Part No 95550)

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Flexible Discharge Hose

Multiple FM-200 container installations are connected to the system by means of a flexible discharge hose. This enables containers to be disconnected for maintenance or recharge without dismantling other container mountings, manifold connections and pipework, etc. The flexible discharge hose is connected to each manifold valve outlet. A swivel fitting at the inlet of the hose enables the container to be readily coupled to the distribution system. The 32mm (1 1/4") discharge hose (Part No.4120) requires the addition of a brass adapter (Part No. 6412) between the valve outlet and the swivel fitting at the inlet of the hose.
Figure 11 - 32mm (1 1/4") Hose & Brass Adapter Assy (Part No. 4125)

- 50mm (2") Hose (Part No 6540)

Technical Information Solenoid Enclosure: Power Requirement: Power Consumption: Conduit Thread: Pressure Connection: Pressure Range: Certification: Max. Ambient Temp: Solenoid Orientation: Stainless Steel 24v dc 9.5 watts 1/2" NPT 1/8" NPT Female 0 - 103 bar (1500 psi) UL 105oC (221oF) 0-30o Off Vertical

Technical Information

Construction:

Twin steel wire braided Oil resistant Seamless synthetic rubber core to DIN 20022. Zinc Passivated Mild Steel

Connection:

Max Bend Angle: 15o @ 0oC (32oF)

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Manifold Check Valve
Manifold check valves are of mushroom pattern type and lift into the manifold as discharge occurs. The function of the check valve is to prevent loss of extinguishing agent during discharge from an outlet, should a container have been removed. All check valves are supplied ready fitted to the manifold assembly.

Solenoid Adaptor
The adaptor enables the actuator to be removed safely without actuation of the container valve. To remove the solenoid the adapter body should be unscrewed in the anticlockwise direction. This action will close the schrader valve and then allow the pressure between the schrader and solenoid actuator to be released safely through the threads of the adaptor body.
Figure 12 - Solenoid Adaptor (Part No 5550)

Figure 13 - Manifold Check Valve 32mm (1.25") Check Valve Assy. 50mm (2") Check Valve Assy. Part No. 4090 Part No. 6550

Technical Information Body: Circlip: Max Working Pressure: Proof Pressure: Solenoid Connection: Brass CZ121 Stainless Steel 75 bar (1088 psi) 150 bar (2175 psi) 1/8" NPT

Technical Information Body: Stem: Spring: Brass CZ122 Stainless Steel Stainless Steel

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Manifold

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Manifolds are fabricated sections of steel pipe-work. They enable multiple containers to be connected to a common pipe network. They can be used in conjunction with check valves in situations where main / reserve containers arrangements are required.

Figure 14 - Typical Manifold Assembly

Technical Information Material: Inlet: Outlet: Test Press. Finish: BS 3601 Schedule 80 Check valve flange connection BSP Taper 90 bar (1305 psi) Primed, Ready to paint on site.

Note: Assembly includes 32 / 50mm check valves and end cap.

Table 5: Manifolds.
Part No. 9335 9336 9337 9352 9353 9345 9346 9355 9356 9354 Size mm 2 port 3 port 4 port 2 port 3 port 4 port 5 port 2 port 3 port 4 port 65 (2.5") 65 (2.5") 65 (2.5") 80 (3") 80 (3") 80 (3") 80 (3") 100 (4") 100 (4") 100 (4") Dim. A mm 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") 150 (6") Dim. B mm 350 (14") 350 (14") 350 (14") 508 (20") 508 (20") 508 (20") 508 (20") 508 (20") 508 (20") 508 (20") Pa rt No. 9357 9358 9312 9313 9314 9315 9316 9317 9318 9319 Size (m m ) Dim . A (m m ) (6") (6") (6") (6") (6") (6") (6") (6") (6") (6") Dim . B (m m ) 508 508 508 508 508 508 508 508 508 508 (20") (20") (20") (20") (20") (20") (20") (20") (20") (20")

5 port 100 (4") 150 6 port 100 (4") 150 3 port 150 (6") 150 4 port 150 (6") 150 5 port 150 (6") 150 6 port 150 (6") 150 7 port 150 (6") 150 8 port 150 (6") 150 9 port 150 (6") 150 10 port 150 (6") 150

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Manifold Bracket Assembly

A manifold bracket assembly consists of two lengths of unirax, mounted vertically on a wall or bulk head to enable height adjustment of the manifold assembly. Cantilever brackets are located over the unirax and each are held in position using a uninut long spring, washer and hex head screw. Manifold brackets slot into the cantilever and are clamped using a hex head screw and plain nut.
Figure 15 - Manifold Bracket Assembly 65mm 80mm 100mm 150mm (2.5") Manifold Bracket (3") Manifold Bracket (4") Manifold Bracket (6") Manifold Bracket Part Part Part Part No. No. No. No. 30460 30500 30510 30515

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Flexible Pilot Hose
The flexible pilot hose is used to connect pressure activated devices to the system, e.g. slave container, pressure switch, etc.
Figure 16 - Flexible hose (Part No. 6490)

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Male Adaptor
This adaptor is used to connect the pilot hose to the container valve assembly.

Figure 17 - Male Adaptor (Part No. 91105)

Technical Information Material: Connection: Brass 1/4"BSPT x 1/4" BSPP

Technical Information Outer sheath: Inner sheath: Max. Working Pressure: Min. Burst Pressure: MIn. Bend Radius: Connections: Length: Stainless Steel Braided PTFE to BS 4976 190 bar (2755 psi) 759 bar (11008 psi) 60mm (2.4")@ 0oC (32oF) 1/4" BSP swivel female 710mm (28")

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Pressure Switch
The pressure switch is activated by pressure from the agent during discharge and can be used to signal to a control panel that the system has actually discharged. The pressure switch incorporates a reset button which has to be depressed following a discharge.

Male Tee
This is used primarily in manifold systems for connecting pilot lines from one slave container to the next.

Figure 18 - Male Tee (Part No. 91109)

Figure 20 - Pressure Switch (Part No. 99205)

Technical Information Material: Connection: Brass 1/4" BSPP x 1/4" BSPT

Male Elbow
This elbow can be used on the last slave container when the pressure switch connection is taken from the manifold or piping networks.
Figure 19 - Male Elbow (Part No. 91101)

Technical Information Housing: Pressure Connection: Switch Point: Tolerance: Connection: Proof Pressure: Technical Information Material: Connection: Brass 1/4" BSPT x 1/4" BSPP DC Switch Rating: Temperature Range: Die-cast Aluminium Nickel Plated Brass 4 bar Rising (58 psi) +/- 0.34 Bar (+/- 5 psi) 1/4" NPT Female 172.4 bar (2500 psi)

1 A 24v DC -40oC to +71oC (-40 oF to 160 oF) Installation Environment: non-corrosive / indoor

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Discharge Nozzle
FM-200 is distributed within the protected area by the discharge nozzle which is sized to ensure the correct flow of agent for the risk. Nozzles are available with seven or eight ports to allow for 180o or 360o horizontal discharge patterns. Ports are drilled in 0.1mm (0.004 in) increments to the specified system design. BSP nozzles are supplied as standard in Brass and Stainless Steel with NPT as optional.

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Figure 21 - 7 & 8 Port Nozzle Configuration 10mm (3/8") BSP Nozzle: 15mm (1/2") BSP Nozzle: 20mm (3/4") BSP Nozzle: 25mm (1") BSP Nozzle: 32mm (1 1/4") BSP Nozzle: 40mm (1 1/2") BSP Nozzle: 50mm (2") BSP Nozzle: Part Part Part Part Part Part Part No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 3381/2 3391/2 3401/2 3411/2 3421/2 3431/2 3441/2

Technical Information Material: Brass / Stainless Steel

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Manual Release Notice
A notice should be located at each manual release position.

Door Notice
A door notice is required at each entrance to the risk to advise personnel that they are entering a protected area.
Figure 22 - Door Notice (Part No. 2675)

Figure 23 - Manual Release Sign (Part No. 2659)

CAUTION!
D o N O T enter unless extingu ishing system is lock ed off W hen alarm sou nds evacu ate hazard area After system discharge do N O T re-enter until thorou ghly ventilated.
Macron Safety Systems (UK) Limited Denes Road, Great Yarmouth HYGOODSouth LTD W OODLANDS ROAD GULI DFORD SURREY GU11 RN NR30 3PJ T EL 01 483 57 2222 FAX 01 483 3021 80 Tel: +44 (0)1483 572222 Fax: +44 (0)1483 302180

FM 2 0 0

FM200
RELEASE MANUAL CONTROL POINT

FM200
CAUTION
ENSURE ALL PERSONEL ARE EVACUATED BEFORE RELEASING EXTINGUISHANT

for areas protected by concentrations greater than NOAEL (unoccupied spaces only).

FM200

C A UTIO N !
T his area is protected by a FM 20 0 fire extinguishing system W hen alarm sou nds or upon gas discharge evacuate hazard area After system discharge do N O T re-enter until thorou ghly ventilated.
HYGOODSouth LT D W OODLANDS GULI DFORDYarmouth SURREY GU11 RN Denes ROAD Road, Great T EL 01 483 57 2222 FAX 01 483 3021 80 NR30 3PJ

FM 2 0 0

MacronMacron Safety Safety Systems (UK)Limited Limited Systems

Tel: +44 (0)1483 572222 Fax: +44 (0)1483 302180

for areas protected by concentrations less than NOAEL (Part No. 2676).

Technical Information Material Finish 2mm (0.08 in) Craylon Gloss, scratch resistant

Technical Information Material Finish 2mm (0.08 in) Craylon Gloss, scratch resistant

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Typical Manifold System

SECTION 2 - SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Figure 24 indicates a typical two container system complete with electrical actuation, manual strike knob, pressure switch, 2 x low pressure switch, flexible connections, distribution pipework and nozzles.

Figure 24 - Typical Manifold System

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The FM-200 cupburner valve is 6.7% for commercial grade Heptane. Nozzle distribution test concentration = 6.9% Calculations: Cupburner or fire test concentration X nozzle efficiency factor X safety factor. Nozzle efficiency factor = 6.9 = 1.03 6.7 Safety factor: Class A = 1.2 Class B = 1.3 Class C = Class A

System Design
There are two main elements of system design. The first is the risk assessment; determining the type of protection required, considerations such as ventilation, openings and restrictions; equipment location. etc. The second is calculating the quantity of FM-200 required, including floor and/or ceiling voids, positioning of nozzles, electrical requirements, etc. A Site Survey / Request form is a useful tool to aidememory for addressing the relevant factors, and can be used subsequently to substantiate the design criteria. This can be found in Appendix A. All systems are designed in accordance with the BFPSA Code of Practise for Gaseous Fire Fighting Systems, the appropriate British Standards, currently BS5306 section 5.1. and NFPA 2001.

For Class A (Determined by fire test) 5.8% x 1.03 x 1.2 =7.17% For Class B (Commercial grade Heptane)6.7% x 1.03 x 1.3 =9.0% For Class B (Other class B fuels)cupburner x 1.03 x 1.3 = Design concentration, but not less than 9.0% For Class C Use at least design concentration for Class A surfaces fires (7.17)

Hazard Analysis
The first, and one of the most important, exercises in planning an FM-200 extinguishing system is the hazard survey. The information derived from the survey should include risk assessment, environmental conditions, personnel considerations, system operation both in normal conditions and after a discharge, access and construction limitations, dimensions, volumes, and any special requirements. FM-200 systems are suitable for use in normal commercial and industrial environments. The design concentration for Class A & C fires is 7.17% but differs for Class B fires. To determine other recommended design concentrations for Class B flammable liquids, consult Macron Safety Systems Limited as well as referring to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition, paragraph 3-4.2 and UL -2166, first edition, paragraph 61.2(b). However the minimum design concentration for flammable liquids is 9%. All design concentration calculations are based on extinguishing concentrations plus an additional 20% safety factor for Class A & C and 30% safety factor for Class B, and manually actuated only systems, plus an additional 3% safety factor for nozzle performance (commercial grade Heptane excluded). All system design calculations are calculated at minimum design concentration to determine agent quantity. Maximum design concentration should be at the maximum anticipated enclosure temperature, for comparison see NOAEL / LOAEL values. See table 3 or Refer to NFPA 2001, 2000 edition.

For systems with only manual actuation cupburner x 1.03 x 1.3 = design concentration but not less than 9.0% Rugged environments, and those requiring intrinsically safe or flameproof equipment, require special consideration and should be discussed fully with Macron Safety Systems before finalising a system design. FM200 is suitable for use with the following materials:

Class A

Fires involving solid materials usually of an organic nature, in which combustion normally takes place with the formation of glowing embers. Fires involving flammable liquids or liquefiable solids and flammable gases. Fires involving energized electrical equipment where the electrical nonconductivity of the extinguishing media is of importance

Class B Class C

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SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

Hazard Volume
Note. Certain materials in this group may require increased concentrations to achieve satisfactory extinguishment. Consult Macron for details of specific risk. In total flooding applications the risk area must comprise an enclosed space with no significant openings so that the design concentration can be achieved and maintained. Generally, the calculation is based on an empty area; the subsequent furniture and fittings having little effect on the actual concentration. Similarly, large equipment cabinets and control panels should not be considered in the calculation as it is assumed that the internal area is required to be filled with agent. Each enclosed space is considered as a risk area and requires at least one nozzle. A floor void, ceiling void, cable duct, etc., is treated as a separate adjacent area and requires simultaneous discharge to occur. Ceiling obstructions such as beams that are less than 300mm (12") below the slab need not be considered. Obstructions greater than 300mm (12") can affect the distribution of agent and may require additional nozzles. Consult Macron Safety Systems if in doubt. Please note that floor voids cannot be protected separately from the associated room. To determine the volume refer to the site drawings, ensuring that the scale is accurate and that heights are denoted, or make a sketch of the area adding dimensions and any relevant details. Calculate the volume of each area.

Caution. FM-200 is not effective on the following: Class A Deep seated fires. Class D Combustible metals. Chemicals capable of auto-thermal recomposition. Chemicals capable of rapid oxidation. Enclosures with hot surfaces (>400oC) (752oF)

Hazard Structure
The protected enclosure shall be bounded by rigid elements of building constrution. The ceiling should be not less than 0.3m (1.ft) above the hazard. The rigid elements should have a fire resistance of not less than 30 min when tested in accordance with BS476: Part 20, Part 21, Part 22 or Part 23 as appropriate. During agent discharge, the hazard enclosure will experience a pressure change. The hazard structure must be capable of withstanding a pressure of 600 pa (0.201 ftH20) developed during discharge.

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Hazard Fuels
All fuels in the hazard must be identified and the corresponding agent concentration requirements. The design concentration (percent by volume) required for the hazard will be the highest concentration required by any one of the fuels present in the hazard.

Ventilation
If the hazard enclosure has no means of adequate venting after discharge, consideration should be given to installing a normally closed means of ventilation with extraction arrangements which will discharge directly to open air. Air conditioning and/or forced ventilation can affect the system performance and the quantity of agent required. (i) Self-contained air conditioning unit A self-contained unit conditions the air within the enclosure and does not rely on a fresh air supply, or draw air from other parts of the building. If the hazard has a self-contained unit and it is located within the area without an outside air supply, no additional agent is required. It is not necessary to shut down the unit prior to a discharge as the mixing effect is beneficial. (ii) Central air conditioning unit A central air conditioning unit relies on air from outside and is often linked by ducts to other parts of the building, therefore, prior to a discharge, the unit should be shut down and/or dampers operated to close the ducts. Sufficient time must be allowed for the plant to stop, or dampers to close, before discharge occurs. Dampers should be installed in both supply and return air ducts, as close as possible to the area. The duct volume between the hazard and the damper must be added to the overall volume.

Personnel Safety
Natural Agent: To avoid possible injury, avoid any exposure to FM-200 in volume concentrations greater than 9% unless using self contained breathing apparatus. Limit exposure times as in NFPA 2001, Section 1-6 "Safety." Symptoms of overexposure to concentrations greater than 10.5% may include dizziness, impaired coordination, reduced mental acuity, cardiac effects or unconsciousness. In the event of overexposure, remove to fresh air immediately and summon medical assistance. Frostbite: Direct skin contact with FM-200 in the immediate area of discharge may cause frostbite.

Agent Quantities
Normally the agent quantity is the weight required to produce the desired concentration at the lowest temperature within the hazard enclosure.

Agent Storage
FM-200 is stored as a liquified compressed gas in appropriate containers to meet DOT4BW500 & 450 requirements. Nitrogen in the container maintains a superpressurisation of 25 bar at 21oC (360 psi at 70oF). The chosen location should provide protection from severe weather, mechanical, chemical, or other types of damage. The ambient temperature of the storage area must be between 0 oC to 49 oC (32 oF to 120 oF), the optimum temperature being 21oC (70oF). Hydraulic calculations are made at 21oC (70 oF). When the storage temperature varies by + 5.5 oC (+ 10 oF) from 21oC (70 oF), there is a risk that the system will not supply the designed quantity of extinguishing agent.

Hazard Temperature
Determine as accurately as possible the anticipated minimum and maximum temperatures likely to be experienced within the protected area. Minimum agent quantity requirements are based on minimum hazard. At maximum temperature, hazard concentration must not exceed the NOAEL/LOAEL values for normally occupied spaces, reference NFPA 2001, Section 1-6 "Safety." Once assembled , filled and pressurised the FM-200 extinguishing system should not be exposed to temperatures other than the storage / operating temperature range of 0 to 500C. (32oF to 120oF). This also includes while being in storage or transported.

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Manifolds
It may be necessary to manifold agent containers to provide the required amount of agent for a hazard, or to make available the proper increments of agent weight for the protection of multiple hazards. Whenever containers are manifolded, the following rules must be observed. 1. All containers connected to the same manifold or pipe must be the same size and filled with the same agent weight, pressure and fill density. 2. Agent containers must be located in a single row and spaced according to section. 3. A connected reserve may be employed in some circumstances providing a secondary supply of agent. 4. Flexible discharge hoses and check valves must be used at each inlet.

SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

Agent Distribution
Distribution piping will be installed only with approved piping as indicated in Section 5. Pipe size reductions may be made by using reducing tees or reducing bushings or reducing couplings.

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the remaining FM-200 nitrogen mixture as a vapour. This is due to flashing of the trailing edge of the fluid as it moves from the tank to the nozzles. In some systems the transition period is relatively long; this can lead to confusion as to when the discharge is complete, possibly resulting in an inaccurate measurement of the discharge time.

Agent Flow Characteristics

Nitrogen Superpressurisation
Nitrogen is added to the FM-200 containers. This addition of nitrogen, known as superpressurisation, will cause a portion of the nitrogen to mix with the FM-200, the remaining portion of the nitrogen will remain in the vapour space above the liquid providing the increased propulsion necessary to discharge the FM-200 from the container.

Nozzle selection and location

The number of nozzles required is based on the hazard size and configuration and the coverage provided by the nozzle. Nozzles are available in 7-port or 8-port versions to provide 180 or 360 degree discharge patterns respectively. When considering the optimum nozzle location, the following factors should be taken into account.

Flow in Pipe
In a properly designed distribution piping network the flow of FM-200 will consist of a two phase mixture of liquid and vapour. The properties of this mixture will vary with its composition; therefore, when the mixture contacts the pipeline walls, the friction decreases the density of the mixture resulting in a non-linear pressure drop and an increase in flow velocity. Another consequence of two-phase flow is the potential for separation of liquid and vapour. In a properly designed pipe network, the velocity of the mixture will be high enough to maintain highly turbulent flow. However, if the pipeline diameter is too large for the design flow rate, the two phases may separate, leading to alternate discharges of liquid and vapour (slugging) or layering of the two phases. Therefore, the pipeline must be properly sized to keep the FM-200 flow turbulent enough to prevent phase separation. Hydraulic calculations are made at 210C (70oF). Temperatures other than 21oC (70oF) may result in variations in system discharge characteristics. When the storage temperature varies by + 5.5oC (+ 10oF) there is a risk that the system will not supply the designed quantity of extinguishing agent.

Nozzle location is affected by the shape of the hazard area. The maximum discharge radius is 8.7m(28.6ft) for a 360o nozzle and 10.05m(33ft) for a 180o nozzle. The maximum coverage area for either nozzle is 95.3m2 (1026 ft2) Nozzle orifices must not be placed where they may discharge into nearby objects. Nozzles must be installed a maximum of 300mm(12") below the ceiling. 4.87m(16 ft) maximum protection height for 360o and 180o nozzle. 180 degree nozzles must be mounted adjacent to a wall and must be located to cover the entire area. 300mm(12") minimum void height (i.e. Sub-floors & false ceilings). Maximum distance 180 degree nozzles should be placed from a wall 300mm (12"), the minimum 50mm (2"). Measured from centre of the nozzle to the wall. Nozzles located both above and below the con tainer outlet, Maximum distance between 9.1m (30 ft) Nozzles located either above or below the container outlet, maximum distance between them 9.1m (30 ft) 27

Initial Vapour Discharge

At the instant the discharge valve is opened, rapid expansion of the agent will cool the piping network.

Trailing Vapour Pressure

Discharge time is defined as the average liquid discharge time through all nozzles in the system. After the liquid portion of the discharge has been completed, there will be a short transition period followed by the delivery of

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Maximum Limits in Pipe Work.
Examples:

SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

Figure 25a -

If nozzles are only located above the container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference between the container outlet and the furthest horizontal pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest) shall not exceed 9.1m (30 ft). See figure 25a.

Figure 25b -

If nozzles are only located below the container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference between the container outlet and the furthest horizontal pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest) shall not exceed 9.1m (30 ft). See Figure 25b.
Figure 25c -

If nozzles are located both above and below the container outlet, then the maximum distance between the furthest horizontal pipe runs, or discharge nozzles (whichever is further) shall not exceed 9.1m (30 ft). See figure 25c.

Note: If a system design violates these limits, contact Macron Safety Systems to determine what action has to be taken.

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System Design Procedure
The following procedure must be followed when designing FM-200 systems. Determine hazard material and required design concentration. Identify individual enclosure volumes and deduct any impermeable volumes where appropriate. Determine hazard altitude and correction factor. Calculate quantity of FM-200 per enclosure, at minimum design temperature. Determine container size and fill density. Select nozzle type and location. Design pipe network. Calculate quantity of FM-200 per nozzle. Check percentage agent split at tee's. Identify all pipe lengths, rises, falls and nozzle reference numbers. Note: The side tee splits shall be between 10-30%, bull tee splits will be between 30-70%. All Tee outlets must be in the same horizontal plane. See examples figure 27 a-f.

Figure 26 - Nozzle Discharge Radius

8.7m

(28.6ft)

10.05m

(33ft)

Example: Nozzle Selection

Switch Room: 120.7m3 (4262.6ft3) Computer Room: 543.3m3 (19237.1ft3) Floor Void: 63.36m3 (2275.4ft3) 2 x 8 port nozzles 4 x 8 port nozzles 1 x 7 port nozzle

Nozzle placement and piping arrangements for the example are shown in Figure 28.

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Example: Tee Split Designs
Figure 27a - Side Tee Split limits.

SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

Figure 27b - Bull Tee Split limits.

Figure 27c - Side tee orientation "correct"

Figure 27d - Side tee orientation "incorrect"

Figure 27e - Bull tee orientation "correct"

Figure 27f - Bull tee orientation "incorrect"

NOTE: Incorrect orientation of side and bull tee could result in separation of the FM200 from the Nitrogen (due to FM-200 greater density). The design would also be outside the parameters permitted by the calculation software. See figures 27d and 27f.

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Floor Void: (7.2% required design concentration example only) W= 2275.4 X 7.2 = 80.0lbs 2.207 (100-7.2)

Design Example - Calculations

Minimum Agent Quantity is based on the hazard volume at the minimum anticipated temperature and concentration required. To determine the minimum agent quantity the following equation is used:

W = (V/S)* (C/100-C)

W = Weight of Agent required (lbs) V = Hazard Volume (ft3) S = Specific Vapour Volume (ft3/lb) S = 1.885 + 0.0046t t = Design Temperature in Hazard Area (oF) C = Required FM-200 Design Conc. (% by volume) at Design

When the minimum quantity of FM-200 has been calculated the weight is compared to the available agent container size. The container size must be equal to or greater then the weight of agent (see Figure 1). With the appropriate container selected, the previous equation can be rearranged to determine the concentration based on the actual weight as containers are filled to the nearest kg.

Temperature (t).

C=

100 WS WS + V

Example:
Calculation for two rooms and floor void with the following dimensions: To calculate the required agent for each hazard volume as a percentage of the total agent required;

Switch Room: Computer Room: Floor Void:

22.9 x 22.7 x 8.2 = 4262.6ft3 52.5 x 39.4 x 9.3 = 19237.1ft3 52.5 x 39.4 x 1.1 = 2275.4ft3

% Hazard Agent = Individual hazard Volume Sum of hazard volumes

Switch Room:

4262.6/25775.1 = 16.6% of Agent

t = 21o C (70oF) for calculation example

Computer Room: 19237.1/25775.1 = 74.6% of Agent Floor Void: 2275.4/25775.1 = 8.8% of Agent

Switch Room: (7.20% required design concentration example only) W= 4262.6 X 7.2 = 149.9Ibs 2.207 (100-7.2) It is determined from the above that both the switch Room and the Computer Room can be fed by one manifolded system using 3 x 180 Litre containers, each filled with 276lbs of Agent. The Floor Void would use 1 x 52 Litre container filled with 80lbs as it requires less than 10% of the total Agent and therefore equates as follows. (Separate tank is required for floor voids. If protected with nozzle from computer room system, the piping would be outside the tee split limits.)

Computer Room: (7.2% required design concentration example only) W= 19237.1 X 7.2 = 676.3lbs 2.207 (100-7.2)

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Switch Room: 4262.6/23499.7 = 18.14% of Agent Computer Room: 19237.1/23499.7 = 81.9% of Agent Floor Void: 2275.4/2275.4 = 100% of Agent

SECTION 3 - SYSTEM DESIGN

Actual agent to switch Room : 0.1814 x 3 x 276 = 150.2 lbs Agent to Computer room : 3 x 276 - 150.2 = 677.8 The minimum enclosure concentrations can be calculated based on the actual container fill (70oF minimum design temperature).

After determining the minimum weight and concentration, the maximum concentration can be determined by recalculating the equation based on the maximum temperature anticipated in each enclosure 270C (800F) maximum design temperature. This calculation is required to determine if the maximum concentration is below the NOAEL limit for normally occupied areas.

Switch Room:

C = 100 x 150.2 x 2.2538 = 7.36% (150.2 x 2.253) + 4262.6

Computer Room: C = 100 x 677.8 x 2.2538 = 7.36% (677.8 x 2.253) + 19237.1

Switch Room:

C = 100 x 150.2 x2.207 = 7.22% (150.2x2.207)+4262.6

Floor Void:

C = 100 x 80 x 2.2538 (80 x 2.253) + 2275.4

= 7.34%

Computer Room: C = 100 x 677.8 x 2.207 = 7.22% (677.8 x 2.207)+19237.1

Floor Void:

C = 100 x 80 x 2.207 = 7.2% (80 x 2.207) + 2275.4

Figure 28 - Example Nozzle Location

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Piping Practices
Due to the two phase flow of FM-200, certain piping practices must be adhered to. Mainly that the flow split must be on the horizontal plane. There are two types of tee used in FM-200 systems, a through /side tee and a bull tee. Both have limitations on the minimum and maximum allowable flow splits which are detailed in section 4, page 36. It should also be noted that system designers shall allow a minimum of 10 times the nominal pipe diameter around tee splits before any change of direction. System designers should aim to design as far as possible balanced pipe networks, use minimum lengths of pipe, use minimum numbers of elbows, maximize pipe volume before the 1st tee and incorporate similar pipe run lengths to nozzles.

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Introduction

SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS

Example:
In determining the quantity of FM-200 required for a particular application, it is important to assess the hazard area correctly. The following information will need to be determined as discussed in Section 3.

Hazard Volume: Room Temperature: Agent Concentration: Flooding Factor:

9182ft3 70oF 7.17% 0.0351

1. Hazard Volume. 2. Minimum Room Temperature. 3. Hazard Type. 4. Height above sea-level. Note: Specific Vapour Volume data shown in Table 7 are experimentally derived values and the specific vapour volume equation (S) has a correlation coefficient of 0.99. However the equation can be used to give a close approximation of required agent quantities. Quantity of FM-200 required: 0.0351 x 9182 =322.3lbs

The Hazard volume can be determined by calculating the room volume and deducting any impermeable volumes that may be contained within the area. The anticipated temperature of the Hazard area will normally be advised by the client. The agent concentration is dependant upon the type of hazard being protected, the type of nozzle used and hazard altitude. The quantity of FM-200 can be calculated by using the flooding factors (Table 6. imperial / 6a. metric) or by using the formula (FM-200 Equation Calculations) and then multiplying by the altitude correction factor (table 7).

Table 6: FM-200 Weight Calculations Imperial

Temp.

t (oF )c
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

Specific Vapor Volume 6 s (ft3/lb)d

1.9264 1.9736 2.0210 2.0678 2.1146 2.1612 2.2075 2.2538 2.2994 2.3452 2.3912 2.4366 2.4820 2.572 0.0331 0.0323 0.0316 0.0309 0.0302 0.0295 0.0289 0.0283 0.0278 0.0272 0.0267 0.0262 0.0257 0.0253

7
0.0391 0.0381 0.0372 0.0364 0.0356 0.0348 0.0341 0.0334 0.0327 0.0321 0.0315 0.0309 0.0303 0.0298

Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume, W/V (lb/ft3) Design Concentration (% by Volume) 7.17 8 9 10 11 12 13
0.0401 0.0391 0.0382 0.0373 0.0365 0.0357 0.0349 0.0342 0.0335 0.0329 0.0323 0.0316 0.0311 0.0306 0.0451 0.0441 0.0430 0.0421 0.0411 0.0402 0.0394 0.0386 0.0378 0.0371 0.0364 0.0357 0.0350 0.0344 0.0513 0.0501 0.0489 0.0478 0.0468 0.0458 0.0448 0.0439 0.0430 0.0422 0.0414 0.0406 0.0398 0.0391 0.057 0.0563 0.0550 0.0537 0.0525 0.0514 0.0503 0.0493 0.0483 0.0474 0.0465 0.0456 0.0448 0.0440 0.0642 0.0626 0.0612 0.0598 0.0584 0.0572 0.056 0.0548 0.0538 0.0527 0.0517 0.0507 0.0498 0.0489 0.0708 0.0691 0.0675 0.0659 0.0645 0.0631 0.0618 0.0605 0.0593 0.0581 0.0570 0.0560 0.0549 0.0540 0.0776 0.0757 0.0739 0.0723 0.0707 0.0691 0.0677 0.0663 0.0650 0.0637 0.0625 0.0613 0.0602 0.0591

14
0.0845 0.0825 0.0805 0.0787 0.0770 0.0753 0.0737 0.0722 0.0708 0.0694 0.0681 0.0668 0.0656 0.0644

15
0.0916 0.0894 0.0873 0.0853 0.0835 0.0817 0.0799 0.0783 0.0767 0.0752 0.0738 0.0724 0.0711 0.0698

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Table 6a: FM-200 Weight Calculations Metric.

Temp Specific Vapor Volume s (m3/kg)d
0.1215 0.1241 0.1268 0.1294 0.132 0.1347 0.1373 0.1399 0.1425 0.145 0.1476 0.1502 0.157 0.1553

Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume, W/V (kg/m3) Design Concentration (% per volume) 6
0.5254 0.5142 0.5034 0.4932 0.4834 0.474 0.465 0.4564 0.4481 0.4401 0.4324 0.425 0.418 0.4111

t (oC )c
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

7
0.6196 0.6064 0.5936 0.5816 0.57 0.5589 0.5483 0.5382 0.5284 0.519 0.5099 0.5012 0.4929 0.4847

7.17
0.6357 0.6223 0.6091 0.5968 0.5851 0.5734 0.5625 0.5520 0.5420 0.5326 0.5232 0.5142 0.4919 0.4973

8
0.7158 0.7005 0.6858 0.6719 0.6585 0.6457 0.6335 0.6217 0.6104 0.5996 0.5891 0.579 0.5694 0.56

9
0.8142 0.7987 0.78 0.7642 0.749 0.7344 0.7205 0.7071 0.6943 0.6819 0.6701 0.6586 0.6476 0.6369

10
0.9147 0.8951 0.8763 0.8586 0.8414 0.8251 0.8094 0.7944 0.78 0.7661 0.7528 0.7399 0.7276 0.7156

11
1.0174 0.9957 0.9748 0.955 0.936 0.9178 0.9004 0.8837 0.8676 0.8522 0.8374 0.823 0.8093 0.796

12
1.1225 1.0985 1.0755 1.0537 1.0327 1.0126 0.9934 0.975 0.9573 0.9402 0.9230 0.0908 0.8929 0.8782

13
1.2301 1.2038 1.1785 1.1546 1.1316 1.1096 1.0886 1.0684 1.049 1.0303 1.0124 0.995 0.9784 0.9623

14
1.3401 1.3114 1.2839 1.2579 1.2328 1.2089 1.1859 1.164 1.1428 1.1224 1.1029 1.084 1.066 1.0484

15
1.4527 1.4216 1.3918 1.3636 1.2264 1.3105 1.2856 1.2618 1.2388 1.2168 1.1956 1.1751 1.1555 1.1365

Table 7: Altitude Correction Factor

A ltitu d e a b o v e sea lev el ft
-3 0 0 0 (-0 .9 2 km ) -2 0 0 0 (-0 .6 1 km ) -1 0 0 0 (-0 .3 0 km ) 0 (0 .0 0 km ) 1 0 0 0 (0 .3 0 km ) 2 0 0 0 (0 .6 1 km ) 3 0 0 0 (0 .9 1 km ) 4 0 0 0 (1 .2 2 km ) 5 0 0 0 (1 .5 2 km ) 6 0 0 0 (1 .8 3 km ) 7 0 0 0 (2 .1 3 km ) 8 0 0 0 (2 .4 5 km ) 9 0 0 0 (2 .7 4 km ) 1 0 0 0 0 (3 .0 5 km )

C o rrectio n F a cto r
1 .1 1 1 .0 7 1 .0 4 1 .0 0 0 .9 6 0 .9 3 0 .8 9 0 .8 6 0 .8 2 0 .7 8 0 .7 5 0 .7 2 0 .6 9 0 .6 6

sure that vary more than 11 percent (equivalent to approximately 915m (3000 ft) of elevation change) from standard sea level pressure 760 mm Hg at 0 oC (29.92 in Hg at 70 oF).

FM-200 Equation Calculations

The weight of agent required for a hazard area can also be calculated from the formula shown below;

W = (V/S) * (C/100-C)

W = Weight of Agent required kg (lbs)

(BS5306: Part 5: Section 5.1 / NPFA2001 Table 3-6)

V = Hazard Volume m3 (ft3) At elevations above sea-level, FM-200 has a greater specific volume because of the reduced atmospheric pressure. A system designed for sea-level conditions will therefore develop an actual higher concentration at levels above sea-level and an actual lower concentration at levels below sea-level. The adjusted agent quantity is calculated by multiplying W (from the equation on the left) by the altitude correction factor. The design quantity of the clean agent shall be adjusted to compensate for ambient presFM-200 Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0:

S = Specific Vapour Volume cu.m/kg (ft3/lbs) where S = 0.1269 + 0.0005131 t ( oC) Or (S= 1.885 + 0.0046 t o F)

t = Design Temperature in Hazard Area oC (oF) C = Required FM-200 Design Conc. (% by volume) at Design Temperature (t). 35

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Engineered Systems
Macron Safety Systems Engineered systems are based on a Hydraulic Flow Program developed by Hughes Associates Inc. The program predicts the two phase flow of FM-200 and nitrogen through a pipe network. Information detailing the enclosure is entered and the program calculates the required pipe sizes, nozzle drill sizes, average nozzle pressures and discharge time. For further information on the Flow Program, refer to the Hughes Hy-Flow User's Manual. As system design calculations are critical to the success of the extinguishing system, only Macron Safety Systems or Macron Safety Systems trained personnel are permitted to perform system calculations. If in the future, companies other than Macron Safety Systems wish to use the program, representatives will be required to attend a formal training session. All system calculations are conducted either 'in house' by Macron Safety Systems or authorised suppliers.

SECTION 4 - FLOW CALCULATIONS

Max. liquid arrival time imbalance of 1.0 seconds. Maximum liquid run out time of 2.0 seconds. Maximum nozzle height is 4.87m (16.0ft) Minimum of 10% agent in pipe before first tee. Maximum of 20 nozzles per system. Maximum of 10 enclosures per system. The ratio between the nozzle area and the pipe cross sectional area immediately preceding the nozzle is limited to a minimum of 0.20 (20%) and a maximum of 0.80 (80%).
(For extended discharge consult Macron Safety Systems Ltd.)

Table 8 : Max. & Min. Flow Rates.

Pipe Size mm (in) Minimum flow rate kg/s (lb/s)
0.272 (0.60) 0.454 (1.00) 0.907 (2.00) 1.588 (3.50) 2.722 (6.00) 4.082 (9.00) 6.35 (14.00) 9.072 (20.00) 13.61 (30.00) 24.95 (55.00) 40.82 (90.00) 54.43 (120.00)

Maximum flow rate kg/sec.(lb/s)

0.907 (2.00) 1.361 (3.00) 2.495 (5.50) 3.855 (8.50) 5.67 (12.50) 9.072 (20.00) 13.61 (30.00) 24.95 (55.00) 44.92 (99.00) 56.7 (125.00) 90.72 (200.00) 136.1 (300.00)

NOTE: The calculation method has been designed for specific types of fittings, pipes, and pipe inside diameter. When these limitations are not maintained, there is a risk that the system will not supply the required quantity of extinguishing agent.

Program Parameters
When designing pipe network systems, the following design parameters should be considered to avoid system reject when running the calculation.

10 (3/8) 15( ) 20 () 25 (1) 32 (1 ) 40 (1 ) 50 (2) 65 (2 ) 80 (3) 100 (4) 125 (5) 150 (6)

Note: This information is for Schedule 40 pipe, and serves as an estimate only. Pipe and nozzle sizes need to be confirmed by the computer program.

4.87 bar (70.6 psi) minimum nozzle pressure. 80% maximum agent in pipe. Between 6 - 10 seconds discharge time. 10 - 30 % side tee split. 30 -70 % bull tee split. 0.5 kg/L(31.2lbs/ft3) - 1.0 kg/L(62.4lbs/ft3) fill density.

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Table 9 :Equivalent Length

D iam eter M m (in)
10 (3/8) 15 (1/2) 20 (3/4) 25 (1) 32 (1 ) 40 (1 ) 50 (2) 65 (2 ) 80 (3) 100 (4) 125 (5) 150 (6)

90 E lbow m (ft)
0.4 (1.2) 0.52 (1.6) 0.67 (2.0) 0.85 (2.6) 1.13 (3.4) 1.31 (4.0) 1.68 (5.1) 2.01 (6.1) 2.5 (7.6) 3.26 (10.0) 4.08 (12.4) 4.94 (15.0)

45 E lbow m (ft)
0.18 (0.5) 0.24 (0.7) 0.3 (0.9) 0.4 (1.2) 0.52 (1.6) 0.61 (1.7) 0.79 (2.4) 0.94 (1.5) 1.16 (3.5) 1.52 (4.6) 1.92 (5.9) 2.32 (7.1)

T hru T ee m (ft)
0.24 (0.7) 0.3 (0.9) 0.42 (1.3) 0.55 (1.7) 0.7 (2.1) 0.82 (2.5) 1.06 (3.2) 1.25 (3.8) 1.55 (4.7) 2.01 (6.1) 2.56(7.8) 3.08 (9.4)

Side T ee m (ft)
0.82 (2.5) 1.04 (3.2) 1.37 (4.2) 1.74 (5.3) 2.29 (7.0) 2.65 (8.0) 3.41 (10.4) 4.08 (12.4) 5.06 (15.4) 6.64 (20.2) 8.35 (25.5) 10 (30.5)

U nion m (ft)
0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.24 0.27 0.37 0.43 0.55 0.73 0.91 1.07 (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.6) (0.7) (0.8) (1.1) (1.3) (1.7) (2.2) (2.8) (3.3)

E quivalent leng th table for pipe fittings . Figures based upo n schedule 40 A ST M A 1 06-77 p ipe (nom inal pipe size given in table).

Table 10 : Equivalent Length for other system components.

Component
25 mm valve (1 in. valve) 50 mm valve (2 in. valve) 32 mm flex hose (1-1/4 in. flex hose) 50 mm flex hose (2 in. flex hose) 25 mm Check & Flex (1 in. Check & Flex) 32 mm Check & Flex (1-1/4 in. Check & Flex) 50 mm Check & Flex (2 in. Check & Flex) Figures based upon schedule 40 ASTM A 106-77 pipe (nominal pipe size given in table).

Nominal pipe size

25 mm (1 in.) 50 mm (2 in.) See note 1 50 mm (2 in.) 25 mm (1 in.) 32 mm (1.25 in.) 50 mm (2 in.)

Equivalent length M (ft)

6.096 (20) 10.668 (35) See note 1 5.37 (17.6) 7.593 (24.91) 15.285 (50.15) 12.02 (39.429)

Note 1 Flex hose consists of two segments. The first segment has a diameter of 25 mm (1 in.) with a total equivalent length of 0.14 m (0.5 ft). The second segment has a diameter of 32 mm (1-1/4 in.) with a total equivalent length of 10.74 m (35.2 ft).

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General Information
All installation shall be carried out by an approved Macron Safety Systems contractor with the correct equipment and previous experience of gaseous extinguishing systems. Macron Safety Systems can supply this service or provide a list of their factory trained installation contractors. Installation instructions are described under the following main headings, and in the order of installation.

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

Installation drawings shall be submitted for approval to the appropriate authority prior to system installation. On receipt, unpack the Macron Safety Systems supplied items and ensure that the components comply with the packing list and installation drawings. The container weight is checked at the factory prior to dispatch, and recorded on the label attached to the container. If there is any doubt regarding the weight, or leakage is suspected, the container should be weighed to confirm there is no weight loss. Determine the container storage temperature and refer to the Temperature Correction Chart to check the pressure within the container (see Appendix B).

Container Installation Piping and Nozzles Actuation Controls Ancillary Equipment Completion Procedures

Container Installation
The container location is identified on the system drawings and should be protected from extremes of temperature, and be accessible for service and maintenance. The containers must be firmly secured to a wall or bulkhead. No Safety Outlet and Actuation Caps should be removed at this stage.
Figure 29 - Safety Outlet and Actuation Caps 50mm(2") Safety Outlet Cap 25mm(1") Actuation Cap 25mm(1") Safety Outlet Cap Part No. 94466 Part No. 91185 Part No. 94463

Specific installation drawings must be prepared for the hazard area in accordance with system design as calculated by the FM-200 Hydraulic Flow Program. These drawings should be followed closely in order to ensure the system meets its design criteria. The pipe network is sized in order to obtain correct discharge time, nozzle pressures, agent quantity and various other design considerations. If for any reason, the pipe network requires modifications the system must be recalculated before proceeding with installation. Installation drawings contain the following information; Enclosure Volumes. Agent Quantities. Scaled Pipe Network Plan. Pipe Network Isometric. Pipe Diameters, Pipe Length Drops & Rises. Nozzle Data. Container Data. Solenoid Actuator Technical Data. Low Pressure Switch Wiring Chart Fittings Data.

Actuation Cap

Safety Outlet Cap

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Single Container Installation

1. Fix the back channels of the mounting brackets to the wall at the appropriate heights (see table 11), using suitable anchor type bolts (not supplied). Position the container against the back channel with the valve outlet pointing left. Insert the container straps at top and bottom and secure with the bolts provided (see Figure 30). Remove the Safety Outlet cap from the valve outlet adaptor (see Figure 29). With the outlet cap removed from the valve outlet adaptor, install a union coupling. Caution. Do not over tighten the container connection. Excessive tightening may cause the valve outlet thread to be damaged and adversely affect the system operation. 6. Remove the union and replace the Safety Outlet Cap after the initial pipe run has been installed.
Figure 30 - Container Strap Location

2.

3. 4.

5.

Table 11: Bracket Fixing Heights

Container Size L
8 liter : 4.5 to 8.0 kg (10 to 18 lbs.) 16 liter : 9.0 to 17.5 kg (20 to 39 lbs.) 32 liter : 17.0 to 33.5 kg (38 to 74 lbs.) 52 liter : 27.0 to 53.0 kg (59 to 117 lbs.) 106 liter : 53.5 to 106.5 kg (118 to 235 lbs.) 147 liter : 74.0 to 147.5 kg (163 to 325 lbs.) 180 liter : 91.5 to 182.0 kg (201 to 401 lbs.)

No. of Unirax Channels

1 2 2 2 2 2 2

Height From Floor to Bracket mm (in)

130 60, 330 160, 595 110, 343 300, 750 300, 1000 300, 1200 (5 ) (2.5 , 13 ) (6.25 , 23.5 ) (4.25 , 13.5 ) (11.75 , 29.5 ) (11.75 , 39.25 ) (11.75 , 47.25 )

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Multiple Container Installation
Containers are manifolded together for three main reasons; To reduce the amount of piping required by connection to one feeder pipe. For systems that require main and reserve. Combining the correct containers to obtain the required quantity of agent within a specific hazard area.

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

Manifold Bracket Installation

1. Fix the two back vertical channels to the wall at the appropriate height using suitable anchor type bolts (see table 12).

Back channels are used to ensure that the appropriate height adjustment is available when connecting the discharge hose from the valve outlet to the manifold check valve (see figure 31). 2. Locate and secure the cantilever brackets to each channel using M10 x 40mm Hex Head screw and uninut long spring 10mm. Locate manifold brackets in cantilever channel and unirax end caps. Remove outlet safety cap and attach discharge hose between valve and manifold. Adjust cantilever height as required and secure in position. For safety remove discharge hose and replace safety caps, while pipework is installed.

A typical 80mm (3"), three port manifold assembly consists of the manifold, three check valves and an end cap. Each check valve is bolted to a flanged inlet on the manifold (50mm (2") only) using four M8 x 20mm cap head screws. 1 Fix the back channels of the mounting brackets to the wall at the appropriate heights (see table 11), using suitable anchor type bolts (not supplied). Position the containers against the back channels with the valve outlets pointing left at the required spacing for the manifold ports (see Figure 14, dimension B). Insert the container straps at top and bottom and secure with the bolts provided (see Figure 30).

3. 4.

5.

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M a n ifo ld S iz e (m m )
6 5 (2 .5 )

Table 12: Manifold Bracket Fixing Heights

C o n ta in e r S iz e (L )
8 4 .5 to 8 .0 k g (1 0 to 1 8 lb ) 16 9 .0 to 1 7 .5 k g (2 0 to 3 9 lb ) 32 1 7 .0 to 3 3 .5 k g (3 8 to 7 4 lb )

V a lv e S iz e (m m )
25 (1 ) 25

N o m in a l H e ig h t fr o m F lo o r to to p o f c a n tile v e r (m m )
750 (2 9 in .) 949 (3 7 3 /8 in .) 1289 (5 0 in .)

65 (2 .5 ) 65 (2 .5 )

25

52 2 7 .0 to 5 3 .0 k g (5 9 to 1 1 7 lb ) 106 5 3 .5 to 1 0 6 .5 k g (1 1 8 to 2 3 5 lb ) 106 147 7 4 .0 to 1 4 7 .5 k g (1 6 3 to 3 2 5 lb ) 147 147 180 9 1 .5 to 1 8 2 .0 k g (2 0 1 to 4 0 1 lb .) 180

50 (2 ) 50

80 (3 ) 80 (3 ) 100 (4 ) 80 (3 ) 100 (4 ) 150 (6 ) 100 (4 ) 150 (6 )

1133 (4 4 5 /8 in .) 1601 (6 3 .0 ) 1601 (6 3 in ) 1931 (7 6 in .) 1931 (7 6 in .) 1931 (6 7 in .) 1931 (7 6 in .) 2210 (8 7 in )

50 50

50 50 50

50

Figure 31 - Manifold Assembly

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Pipe Installation
In general, the installation should commence at the union elbow / manifold assembly and progress along to the discharge nozzles. Install the Pipework to the installation drawings provided, ensuring that the following is adhered to:
Fitting Description

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

Table 14: UK Fittings

Pipe Size
up to & including 20mm

Screwed, complying with BS1256,BS1740 or Class 150 of ANSI B16.3; or Forged Steel, Screwed complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS3799; or Forged Steel, Socket Weld, complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS3799; or Forged Steel, Butt Weld, complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS1640: Part 3 or Class 300 of ANSI B16.9; Screwed, complying with BS1740 or Class 150 of ANSI B16.3; or Forged Steel, Screwed complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS3799; or Forged Steel, Socket Weld, complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS3799; or Forged Steel, Butt Weld, complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS1640: Part 3 or Class 300 of ANSI B16.9; Screwed, complying with BS1740; or Forged Steel, Screwed complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS3799; or Forged Steel, Socket Weld, complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS3799; or Forged Steel, Butt Weld, complying with grade WPA or WPB of BS1640: Part 3;

The piping material must conform to the requirements of BS5306: Part 5 Section 5.1. / NFPA 2001 2-2 The pipe must be reamed, blown clear and swabbed with an appropriate solvent to remove mill varnish and cutting oil before assembly as required by BS5306: Part 5 Section 5.1. / NFPA 2001 2-2. PTFE tape is the only acceptable pipe sealant and must be applied to the male threads.

above 20mm up to & including 80mm

above 80mm

(Note: Only use Fittings from table 15 that comply with US requirements specified in table 16. Do not use 90o sharp elbows/ tees for system installation)

Table 13: UK Steel Pipework Requirements

Nominal Pipe Size Up to and including 50mm Over 50mm up to and including 100mm Above 100mm Publication
BS1387 BS3601 BS3602 : Pt 1 ASTM A106-77 BS3601 BS3602 : Pt 1 ASTM A106-77 BS3601 BS3602 : Pt 1

Type of Pipe1)
BW S HFS or CFS HF or CD S HFS or CFS HF OR CD S HFS or CFS

Grade of Steel
430 360 or 430 A or B 430 360 or 430 A or B 430 360 or 430

Minimum Wall Thickness2)

Heavy

Schedule 40 (Schedule 80 for screwed joints) Schedule 80 Schedule 40 (Schedule 80 for screwed joints)

ASTM A106-77

HF or CD

A or B

1) Abbreviations: BW butt welded / CD cold drawn / HFS hot finished seamless / CFS cold finished seamless / S seamless 2) Where schedule numbers are given, these determine the minimum wall thickness in accordance with BS1600. Where the specified pipe is not obtainable in these dimensions, the next larger thickness should be used. 42 FM-200 Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue2.0

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Connection Threaded Threaded Threaded Threaded Threaded Threaded Welded Welded Welded Welded Welded Welded Pipe Type Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Schedule 40 Nominal Pipe Size 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS 3/8 - 6 NPS

Table 15: US Steel Pipe Requirements

Pipe Reference ASTM A-106 seamless Grade C ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade B ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade A ASTM A-53 ERW Grade B ASTM A-53 ERW Grade A ASTM A-53 Furnace Weld Class F ASTM A-106 seamless Grade C ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade B ASTM A-106/A-53 seamless Grade A ASTM A-53 ERW Grade B ASTM A-53 ERW Grade A ASTM A-53 Furnace Weld Class F

Table 16: US Fittings

Fitting Description
Class 300 Malleable or Ductile Iron 1000-Ib Rated Ductile Iron or Forged Steel Class 300 Flanged Joints

Pipe Size
Up to or < 3 NPS > 3 NPS All

Note: Cautionary information indicating the calculation method has been investigated for specific types of fittings, type of pipe and pipe inside diameter. Also that when the specified limitations are not maintained there is the risk that the system will not supply the required quantity of extinguishing agent. The Flow Program contains pipe & fittings options together with Equivalent Length information for UK / US pipe & fittings.

Table 17: Hanger Spacing

Pipe Size mm 10 (3/8 ) 15 (1/2 ) 20 (3/4 ) 25 (1 ) 32 (1 ) 40 (1 ) 50 (2 ) 65 (2 ) 80 (3 ) 100 (4 ) 150 (6 )
(Reference: BS ISO 14520-1:2000)

Maximum Spacing m 1. (3 ft) 1.5 (5 ft) 1.8 (6 ft) 2.1 (7 ft) 2.4 (8 ft) 2.7 (9 ft) 3.4 (11 ft) 3.5 (11.5 ft) 3.7 (12 ft) 4.3 (14 ft) 5.2 (17 ft)

Pipe Hangers
Pipe hangers must be spaced according to the size of pipe (see table 17). Hangers must be placed within 300mm (12") of the discharge nozzle (see Figure 32). Hangers must be placed between elbows that are more than 600mm (24") apart (see Figure 33). Hangers must be fixed to a structure capable of supporting the Pipework.

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Figure 32 - Nozzle Fixing

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

Table 18: Safety Clearances.

Max. Rated Voltage (kV) 15 33 44 66 88 110 132 165 220 275 Min. Section Clearance (m) 2.59 (8.5ft) 2.74 (9ft) 2.89 (9.5ft) 3.05 (10ft) 3.20 (10.5ft) 3.35 (11ft) 3.50 (11.5ft) 3.81 (12.5ft) 4.27 (14.0ft) 4.57 (15ft) Min. Ground Clearance (m) 2.44 (8ft) 2.44 (8ft) 2.44 (8ft) 2.44 (8ft) 2.44 (8ft) 2.44 (8ft)

Figure 33 - Elbow Support

Minimum clearance from any point on or about the permanent equipment where a person may be required to stand (measure from position of the feet). Section clearance - to the nearest unscreened live conductor in air. Ground clearance - to the nearest part not at earth potential of an insulator supporting a live conductor. Reference NFPA 2001, section 1-5.2

Nozzles
All nozzles require the installation of a dirt trap comprising 1 side tee, 2 nipples, and 1 pipe cap. Fit the nozzle to the nipple on the dirt trap and check the nozzle orifice to ensure proper orientation. Dirt trap lengths should be no more than 10 times nominal pipe diameter.

Earthing & Electrical Clearance

Systems within electrical substations or switchrooms shall be efficiently earthed to prevent the metalwork becoming electrically charged. Adequate earthing of systems will minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge. Where exposed electrical conductors are present and, where practicable, clearances no smaller than those given in table 18 shall be provided, between the electrical conductors and all parts of the system that may be approached during maintenance (BS5958: Pt.1 & Pt.2).

A false ceiling comprising loose tiles must have the tiles retained within a 2m (6.5ft) radius of the nozzle, to prevent movement during system discharge. Nozzles should be installed a maximum of 300mm (12") below the ceiling.
Figure 34 - Dirt Trap

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Figure 36 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator Location (No Solenoid Adaptor Fitted)

Actuation Installation
The method of actuation depends on the system configuration and any specific contract requirements and can be broken down as follows:

Single Container Actuation Multiple Container Actuation

Single Container Actuation

Side Mounted Electrical Actuator The electrical actuator is factory fitted to the side port of the valve assembly. The actuator cannot be removed or tested on site unless fitted with solenoid adaptor part no. 5540 as this will cause the upper valve chamber to be vented, discharging the container (see figure 35 for location of side mounted actuator fitted with adaptor and figure 36 for location of side mounted actuator with no adaptor). Ensure that solenoid is installed between 0-30o off vertical. If no other actuators are to be installed ensure that the actuation cap on the valve is retained in position.
Figure 35 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator & Solenoid Adaptor Location

Figure 37 - Side Mounted Electrical Actuator Wiring Diagram

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Removable Solenoid Actuator The removable electrical actuator is fitted to the top of the valve assembly as follows: Check the actuator mechanism to ensure that it is in the non-fired position, i.e. pin retracted (see Figure 38). Remove the actuator cap from the top of the valve assembly (see Figure 29). Carefully screw the actuator to the valve assembly (see Figure 39). Note: The actuator must be hand tight only.

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

If no other actuators are to be installed ensure that the protective cap on the actuator is retained in position. The electrical signal from the detection and/or control equipment is connected in accordance with the wiring diagram detailed in Figure 40 when all other installations have been completed.
Figure 40 - Electrical Actuator Wiring Diagram

Figure 38 - Actuator Non-Fire Position

4.5-5.0 mm (.177-.197 in) WITH NUT AGAINST BODY SOLENOID CAN BE LOCATED ANY 9Oo ANGLE

Figure 39 - Electrical Actuator Location

The Solenoid Actuator is fitted with a suppression diode in parallel to the coil as indicated. Connect +ve from control panel to terminal 1 and -ve from control panel to terminal 2, on plug connector. End of line monitoring device (if required) to be fitted on site.

Before this system is put into operation, the removable solenoid can be checked by firing the system. To do this, REMOVE THE SOLENOID ACTUATOR from the valve. With power to the actuator, the pin should be firmly in the down position.

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Multiple Container Actuation
Where several containers comprise one system and are discharged simultaneously, one container is designated as the master container, and the others are slave containers. The master container can be actuated electrically or manually. The slave containers are actuated pneumatically by the action of the master container discharging. Pneumatic Actuator Check that the actuating plungers are in the raised position (see Figure 43). Remove the actuation cap from the top of the valve assembly (see Figure 29) and carefully screw the pneumatic actuator to the valve on each slave container. Note. The actuator must be hand-tight only.
Figure 43 - Pneumatic Actuator Non-Fire Position

Manual Actuator The manual strike knob actuator can be fitted to the top of the electrical actuator or directly onto the valve, after first removing the protective cap. Caution. Before attaching the strike knob to the electrical actuator or valve, ensure that the firing pin is retracted and the safety pin is in place (see Figure 41). The strike knob must be hand-tight only.
Figure 41 - Manual Actuator Non-Fire Position

6.4mm (1/4")

MINIMUM

6.4mm (1/4")

MINIMUM

Figure 42 - Manual Actuator Location

Figure 44 - Pneumatic Actuator Location

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Slave Actuation Pilot Line For slave containers the pneumatic connection is made using flexible pilot hoses. To fit the pilot hoses, remove the 1/4" pilot pressure port plug from the master container valve assembly and install the 1/4" male adaptor, part number 91105.

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

Figure 45 - Multiple Container Actuation

Install the pilot line tee, Part No. 91109 on to all pneumatic actuators (wrench tight). Connect one end of the pilot hose Part No. 6490 to the adaptor on the master container and one end to the pilot line tee on the pneumatic actuator. Connect pilot hoses between pilot line tees on all pneumatic actuators (see Figure 45). The maximum number of slave actuated containers is 9 (10 containers system in total).

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Ancillary Equipment
Discharge Pressure Switch
Single Container Systems On single container installations the pressure switch should be located close to the valve assembly and connected with a pilot hose from the pressure port outlet on the valve to the connector on the pressure switch (see Figure 46). Multiple Container Systems On multi-container installations the pressure switch should be located close to the last slave container and connected by pilot hose to the tee connector on the pneumatic actuator (see Figure 47).

Figure 47 - Discharge Pressure Switch Installation

Figure 46 - Discharge Pressure Switch Installation

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Discharge Pressure Switch continued...
To wire the discharge pressure switch to the control panel, unscrew and remove the switch cover plate. Connect to the appropriate terminals on the microswitch or if supplied with wires, to the coloured wires which are labelled as follows:Common (C) (violet) Normally Open (NO) (blue) Normally Closed (NC) (black)

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

NOTE: When the device (i.e. pressure switch) is connected to a standard supervisory input circuit, there will be no distinction between a wiring fault and device actuation . This device is to only be utilised when accepted by the authority having jurisdiction.

Accessories
Door Notices
Warning notices are required at all exits and entrances to protected area, ideally mounted on the door. Plates may be drilled and screw fixed or attached using suitable adhesive.

Low Pressure Switch

All container valves are 'Factory fitted' with low pressure warning switches. Voltage input can be applied to either terminal.
Figure 48 - Low Pressure Switch to Control Panel diagram.

Manual Release Notices

Manual release notices are required at all manual actuators, remote manual actuators and call points. Plates may be drilled and screw fixed or attached using suitable adhesive.

Completion Procedures
For ease of reference completion procedures may be subdivided into the following sections;

Connections to Pyrochem PCR-100

NOTE: Program output circuit 4 as a supervisory input circuit. See Pyrochem PCR-100 manual for programming details.

Pre Checks and Visual Inspections. Final Connections. Hand over Procedures.

CAUTION: The completion of the installation system, commissioning tests and hand-over may occur before the area is ready for use. In the event of delay between hand-over and the risk area being available for protection, then the system must be left in a 'safe' condition to avoid accidental discharge. The system must only be made operative once the area for protection has been completed and is operational.

Connections to Pyrochem FMM-101 or FMM-1 Module

NOTE: Program the addressable module as supervisory. See Pyrochem PCR-400 manual for programming details.

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Remove top mounted or side mounted solenoid (if connected via solenoid adaptor) from valve. Check that solenoid is activated when system is triggered. If the solenoid adaptor is not present, remove electrical connections from side mounted solenoid and check wiring voltage is correct for actuation when system is triggered.

Pre-checks and Visual Inspections

General When the installation is complete, and before making the final connections, the following checks should be made:

Mechanical Checks Inspect protected area closely for conformance to original risk specifications and for enclosable openings or sources of agent loss which may have been overlooked in the original specification.

During detection system actuation verify the following functions operate; All apertures in hazard enclosure are closed by dampers or other suitable methods. Electrical equipment in the protected area is tripped and isolated.

Building work should be thoroughly checked to ensure that enclosures have been properly constructed and that voids in floors and above suspended ceilings have been sealed. All back channels should be secured firmly to the wall or bulk head. Containers should be securely held within brackets. Piping should be securely fixed within hangers. All pipe connections must be tight. Nozzles to be the proper type, correctly placed, and properly orientated. Check model and weight markings on container nameplates to verify that correct containers and charges have been installed as required. Verify that all warning and instruction plates are mounted where required.

Pneumatic Checks The slave actuators on manifolded systems are fired by agent discharge. Pneumatic checks are detailed below; Remove pneumatic actuator from container valve. Disconnect pilot hose from the master container valve adaptor (see Figure 45). Provide 4 bar (58 psi) pressure to the master container valve pilot hose. Verify all pneumatic actuator pistons are in the fired position.

Before replacing the pneumatic actuators, ensure that all pistons are fully reset (see Figure 43). After reinstalling the pneumatic actuators, reconnect the pilot hose to the master container valve adaptor (see Figure 45).

Final Connections
Discharge Piping Electrical Checks The electrical systems may include interfaces with many other systems for alarm, indication, actuation, shutdown, etc. For complex electrical systems the scope and operating requirements will be described in other documents. Electrical checks are given below for a basic system using electrical actuation of the container valve; The final connection of the discharge piping occurs at the container valve assembly. For single container systems, the valve safety outlet cap can be removed and the discharge pipe connected to the container outlet. For multi-container systems, the valve safety caps can be removed and all discharge hoses fitted.

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Hand-over Procedures
The entire system shall be thoroughly inspected to make sure that it is complete and that all tests required during installation have been properly carried out. In addition, the following items are particularly important. 1. A container should be refilled or replaced when it shows a loss in agent quantity of more than 5% or a loss in pressure (adjusted for temperature) of more than 10%.(Operating pressure of unit at 25 bar at 21oC , 360 psi at 70oF). Refer to Appendix B for pressures at other container temperatures. Check container weight information label against system requirement. If there is any doubt or if there has been a loss of pressure the container must be weighed. Make sure the system is armed and the actuating systems are operational.

SECTION 5 - INSTALLATION

2.

3.

Ensure adequate escape routes with directional signs are provided. Issue of the appropriate documentation shall constitute completion of the Hand-over procedure. Appropriate records shall be issued by fire and/or insurance authorities as to the suitability, acceptability and availability of the system for the hazard area.

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Below Ceiling Leakage Area (BCLA)
Experience has shown that leakage above a suspended ceiling has a negligible effect on the FM-200 concentration. Like water leaking from the holes in the bottom of a swimming pool, FM-200 tends to escape from leaks in the lower part of the enclosure due to the weight of the mixture above it. The rate at which FM-200 is lost is therefore primarily governed by the leakage below the floor, and walls beneath the ceiling. This is called the Below Ceiling Leakage Area.

Introduction
The hazard integrity is the ability to retain the discharged FM-200. For a total flooding extinguishing system to be effective, the design concentration must be achieved and then maintained for at least ten minutes. The only method of testing the agent retention within the protected area is to verify the integrity of the enclosure by applying proven test procedures. The enclosure integrity test has been developed to locate the source of leaks and, from the data collected, predict the retention time, proving system performance and removing the need for actual FM-200 discharge. In order to determine with any degree of confidence that the hazard area will hold the gas for the required time period, where necessary an Enclosure Integrity Test in accordance with BS5306:Part 5: Section 5:1 / NFPA 2001 appendix B. must be conducted.

Predicting Retention Time

Once the ELA, BCLA and static pressures have been measured the next step is to calculate the retention time of the enclosure. The formula is derived from a standard engineering/fluid dynamics principle. The result of the calculation is the number of minutes it takes for the FM200/air interface to reach the minimum protected height required, normally about 75% of the enclosure area.

Principle
The test is conducted with a device known as a door fan, which has been used in the energy conservation field for over 25 years. It has three basic components as follows: An adjustable panel that fits in the doorway of the protected area A calibrated fixed speed fan A variable speed fan

Slab to Slab Walls

The only major limitation is that it cannot be used to accurately predict a retention time if the perimeter walls do not extend from slab to slab. The enclosure will almost invariably fail due to extensive leakage through the ceiling tiles.

The pressure created by the door fan causes the air to move through leaks in the enclosure at high speed making it easy to pinpoint where leaks exist. A cool chemical smoke or other air current indicator is used to detect the approximate size and location of leaks.

Coordination and Planning

It should only be necessary to conduct one integrity test, therefore it is essential to ensure that the enclosure is ready, and that the relevant people have been informed. Having established that any outstanding works are completed prior to the test date, advise all interested parties in writing, if necessary outlining the testing method and principles involved.

Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA)

The test to measure the ELA is conducted by blowing air into or out of the enclosure to develop the same pressure differential as would be created by the discharging FM-200. By measuring the air flow required it becomes possible to calculate the ELA, which is the total of all cracks, gaps and holes in the enclosure. The leakage measurement achieved by taking air out of the enclosure (depressurisation), and then blowing air into the enclosure (pressurisation), is then averaged. FM-200 Installation Guide/11100/01.07.01/Issue3.0

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Integrity Test Procedure
Evaluation. The enclosure and immediate surrounding area is initially examined visually to assess the readiness for testing, the existence of any attached spaces that could affect the results, and that there is an adequate relief area and return air path. The volume of the enclosure is confirmed and the highest equipment measured to ascertain the required level for retention time.

SECTION 6 - INTEGRITY TESTING

Dampers should be installed in both supply and return air ducts, as close as possible to the area. The duct volume between the hazard and the damper must be added to the overall volume.

Door Fan Installation. A Retrotec RD860 door fan unit is installed in the designated test door in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. The gauges are zeroed by taking them to full scale deflection and holding for approximately ten seconds, after which the gauges are gently tapped and zeroed.

Preparation. All doors outside the area that are required to be open for the test are wedged open with suitable notices posted to advise personnel. Where voids are protected by FM-200, tiles are removed to ensure a uniform air flow. The enclosure is put in the state it would be in prior to a discharge, e.g. ventilation system shut down, dampers closed, etc. Note. Equipment within the enclosure that does not affect the integrity may be left running even if it will be shut down in the event of a discharge, preventing unnecessary disruption and inconvenience.

Enclosure Evaluation
Static Pressure Measurements. With the door fan equipment fully installed and set up, but with all openings closed, a measurement of any pressure difference between the enclosure and the relief area is made. If the measurement is unduly high its causes are ascertained and if possible permanently reduced or eliminated. Total Enclosure Leakage Method. Using an adequate range on one fan, or a number of fans, a pressure difference of between column pressure and column pressure plus 30% is created. The pressure difference, and the air flow required to generate this, is then recorded. This is carried out for both pressurisation and depressurisation modes. The total equivalent leakage area and the predicted retention time is calculated. Suspended Ceiling Leakage Neutralisation Method. This procedure is used to improve the accuracy of the predicted retention time where a reasonable air-tight ceiling exists, whether or not the ceiling is protected with FM-200. Note. Leak paths through the ceiling may be temporarily sealed. The volumes above and below the false ceiling are depressurised to the same extent but using separate fans. This is confirmed by using cool chemical smoke to check that no air is flowing through the false ceiling. Readings of the pressure difference between the enclosure, relief area, and the air flow through the fan(s) used to depressurise the room and false ceiling are made, and then the procedure is repeated in the pressurisation mode. The below ceiling leakage area is then calculated and used in conjunction with the ELA to predict a revised retention time.

Ventilation. Air conditioning and/or forced ventilation can affect the system performance and the quantity of agent required. (i) Self-contained air conditioning unit A self-contained unit conditions the air within the enclosure and does not rely on a fresh air supply, or draw air from other parts of the building. If the hazard has a self-contained unit and it is located within the area without an outside air supply, no additional agent is required. It is not necessary to shut down the unit prior to a discharge as the mixing effect is beneficial. However if the air-conditioning unit is left running, a depleting concentration rather than a descending FM-200/air interface will be formed. The concentration will be depleted due to leakage. Therefore the enclosure should be overgassed to obtain the required ten minute retention time at minimum concentration. (ii) Central air conditioning unit A central air conditioning unit relies on air from outside and is often linked by ducts to other parts of the building, therefore, prior to a discharge, the unit should be shut down and/or dampers operated to close the ducts. Sufficient time must be allowed for the plant to stop, or dampers to close, before discharge occurs. 54

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Leakage Location
If the enclosure fails the test, or if the client requests, an inspection of the enclosure with the door fan running can be made. This makes it possible to locate the source of any leakage by using cool chemical smoke. This procedure also tests the efficiency of any dampers, etc.

Calculation
A portable computer is used to collate the data and calculate the values. The associated printer provides a detailed hard copy of the data on site.

Figure 49 - Typical Printout

RETROTEC DISCHARGE SIMULATION VER. HA5.1 RETENTION TIME PREDICTION MODEL

FAN TEST R EADINGS & DATA

Location: Hygood. Test Enclosure Room Name: Test House Testing Company: HYGOOD LIMITED Technician: C Uzzell Date: 12.12.96 Whole Room Test. All Outputs are in METRIC Units. Gas Being Modelled: Lbs/Kgs of Agent in Cylinder(s): Net Room Volume (m3): Room Height (m): Minimum Protected Height (m). Minimum Retention Time (min): Initial Gas Concentration (%): Static Pressure @ Discharge: FM200 17.00 30.00 3.20 2.90 10.00 7.22 0.00

Location: R oom Nam e: Tem p erature IN : 20 Static Pressure @ Fan Test:

Hygo od. Test Enclosure Test H ouse Tem p erature O UT: 0 20

DEPR ES SUR E Operator and G auges Lo cation R oom Pressure Gauge R eading C orrected R oo m Delta P (pa) Blow er R ange C onfig Used Flow Pressure Gauge R eading C orrected Flow Pressure C alcu lated Air Flow (1s) Tem p . C orrected Flow Leakage Area (m 2) Average Leakage Area (m 2) OUT 14.0 -14.0 0.1 45.0 31.0 13.4 13.4 0.0046 0.0050

PR ESS UR E OUT 14.0 14.0 0.1 45.0 45.0 16.2 16.2 0.0055

Equivalent Leakage Area (ELA m2): Hole in Ceiling (m2): Hole in Floor (BCLA m2):

0.0050 0.0025 0.0025

This Room PASSES the Test as the Predicted Retention Time is 10.1 minutes for the agent/air interface to drop below the minimum protected height. Witnessed By: X Software Conforms to 1992 NFPA 12A/2001 TCD Room Integrity Procedure. Maximum Allowable ELA (m2): Interface Height @ 10 minutes: 0.005 2.903

RM= AT= C 3= GD= AR = PA= C F= EL=

1.639 0.003 3.019 7.260 9.374 13.7 1.000 0.000

PC = ALLC 4= K1T= FA= K2= TD=

13.7 0.002 0.000 1.8850 605.679 0.500 0.0046 20.000

Page 2 Of 2 Licensed to: MARCRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED Registration # : 207

Page 1 Of 2 Licensed to: MARCRON SAFETY SYSTEMS (UK) LIMITED Registration # : 207

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General Comments
Personnel required to work in the protected area should be conversant with the detection and extinguishing equipment installed, and trained in fire procedures. All life-saving equipment must be properly maintained. The method of system operation is chosen at the design stage to suit the protection required for the hazard area and the environmental factors appropriate to that area. This part of the document provides information relevant to ALL the standard operational systems to cover the eventuality of changes to, or expansion of the original design.

SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION

Fully Automatic System

Where a sensitive fire detection system is included for the automatic release of extinguishing agent, the system shall only be capable of automatic release once two or more sensors detect the fire. The number of detectors and their spacing is designed to ensure a satisfactory response time. To ensure personnel may safely evacuate the risk area an adjustable time delay should be fitted such that sufficient time may elapse prior to system discharge. Ideally, the delay period shall not exceed 30 seconds (BS5306 Pt5). Prior to system discharge (and at the commencement of any time delay period) a clearly audible alarm different from any other used shall sound and continue until the complete system is reset. In areas of high ambient noise level, a visual indication may also be required, in addition to the audible warning. The design of a system for automatic detection, signal distribution, alarms, etc. is not always of MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS supply. Therefore, details appertaining to fire detection and alarm operation and maintenance are not included in this document. UL Listed Detection & Control Equipment

System Detection and Actuation

General
Each system is designed to suit the hazard area, whether the area is normally manned or unmanned, and whether the detection/actuation devices are to be manual or automatic. The permutation of systems is large but from an operational point of view, the systems are best grouped as:-

Manual. Fully Automatic. Automatic with Manual Intervention.

Detectors shall be UL Listed for the intended application. Control Panels shall be UL Listed for releasing device service and compatible with detection and MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS FM-200 Engineered Total Flooding Fire Extinguishing System.

Manual System
Manual systems depend on human detection of a fire in the hazard area and prompt action to actuate the local or remote strike knob for the FM-200 system to discharge and flood the protected area and extinguish the fire. All other instructions associated with manual operation form part of the users procedures on safety precautions and fire drill. If required MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS can assist the user to prepare the procedures for safety and fire precautions.

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FM-200 Decomposition
FM-200 decomposes when exposed to temperatures exceeding 482oC (900oF); such as flames, hot metal surfaces, etc. The rate of this decomposition is dependent upon the size of the area where extreme temperatures are found, and also upon the length of FM-200 exposure time. To avoid decomposition, MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS are designed to discharge and extinguish the fire quickly. The average duration of discharge for these systems at 21oC (70oF) is less than 10 seconds, so the minimum amount of decomposition occurs. Hydrogen Fluoride is the most toxic decomposition product. This material generates a sharp acrid odour, which is easily detected and acts as a warning and a good safeguard to personnel.

Fully Automatic System with Manual Intervention

Manual intervention of an automatic system may be included for the following condition;

Where personnel are required to work within the protected area.

In protected areas where personnel are present and the concentration is greater than NOAEL, it is recommended that the automatic feature of the system is isolated during occupation. This may be achieved either by an electrically contacted lock assembly or by a clearly marked key switch at a suitable location outside the risk area.

FM-200 Discharge Conditions

Conditions During a Fire

The users fire and safety instructions to personnel should include advice on the conditions prevailing during the discharge of an FM-200 system. This advice is intended to prepare the personnel for the situations likely to arise and therefore minimise the risks of panic. Three major conditions prevail during FM-200 discharge of which personnel should be made aware:

FM-200 has low boiling point, consequently the discharge is very cold at the point where it leaves the nozzle. Care should be taken to avoid working within 1 metre (3.ft) of FM-200 discharge nozzles. The velocity of discharge of FM-200 from a discharge nozzle is very high, care should be taken to insure that objects which may become dangerous projectiles are secured or removed from the hazard area.

FM-200 Concentration
FM-200 total flooding systems greater than 9% design concentration should only be used with manual actuation in normally occupied areas. A normally occupied area is defined as an area intended for occupancy. Any area protected by FM-200 should be evacuated prior to start of system discharge. Where egress of normally occupied areas cannot be accomplished within one minute, FM-200 total flooding systems shall be designed not to exceed 9.0% concentration. Refer to NFPA 2001, Paragraph 1-6.1.2.1 for additional information.

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Actions Following a Fire
General
These notes are only applicable to the hazard area(s) protected by a FM-200 fire extinguishing system. Where such a system may form part of, or combine with other forms of fire protection systems then composite instructions for all systems are necessary to ensure the safety of personnel and property following a fire. MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS are available to assist a client prepare composite instructions. In accordance with BS5839: Part 1 the organisation will have appointed, or nominated, a responsible person to act as a Fire Officer. Actions following a fire should be co-ordinated and/or directed by the Fire Officer.

SECTION 7 - SYSTEM OPERATION

Should it be necessary to enter a space containing FM200 or decomposition products the following precautions should be taken;

Use a fresh air mask or self contained breathing equipment. Do Not use a filter mask or canister type mask. Do Not enter space unless you are under observation from outside the space, or tethered by a lifeline. Ensure that all pressurised equipment is isolated or safe from release.

Actions Immediately Following a Fire

These actions should, at a minimum, include the following:

Advise the emergency services, Fire, Accident, Police if appropriate. Organize a roll-call of employees and any visitors. Prevent unauthorised personnel from entering the hazard area.

In the case of deep seated fires, the hazard space should be kept tightly closed for at least 60 minutes after discharge of the FM-200 extinguishing agent. It is essential that the fire be completely extinguished before ventilating the space. Before permitting any one to enter the space, ventilate thoroughly or ensure self-contained breathing equipment is used. Do not enter the hazard area in which fire has been extinguished with an open flame or lighted cigarette as the possible presence of flammable vapours may cause re-ignition or explosion.

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Introduction
Weekly Check of Containers This section provides user inspection and maintenance guidance for FM-200 Engineered Systems. A log book will be provided to record all inspections, maintenance, measurements and actions taken. The continued capability for effective performance of an FM-200 Total Flooding Fire Suppression System depends on fully adequate maintenance procedures, with periodic testing. Reference NFPA 2001 section 4-1 to 4-6. Check storage container pressure gauges and ambient temperature, compare these pressures to the Temperature Correction Chart to determine temperature corrected pressure. If the container corrected pressure shows a loss of more than 10%, the containers should be removed for weighing. All measurements and actions shall be recorded in the log book.

User's Programme of Inspection

The installer should provide the user with an inspection programme for the system and components. The programme shall include instructions on the action to be taken in respect of faults. The user's inspection programme is intended to detect faults at an early stage to allow rectification before the system may have to operate.

Weekly Check of System Components Make a visual inspection of the system components, distribution piping and nozzles. Check the immediate vicinity of all equipment to ensure that no accidental damage or tampering has occurred.

Weekly General Check Inspect the hazard area, access routes, container storage area, floor voids and areas above suspended ceilings to ensure housekeeping is good and that no refuse has accumulated. Ensure that access to the system container assemblies and local remote controls is unobstructed.

A suitable programme is as follows:-

Weekly Check of Hazard Area Inspect the hazard area against the original layout to ensure that there have been no changes that might affect the proper performance of the fire protection system. Changes might include:

Monthly Check of Notices Inspect system and protected spaces to ensure that warning signs, safety precautions and operating instructions are posted and clearly visible.

Contents of area. Use of area. Air Handling equipment in area. Openings in area. Floor/ceiling voids. Partitioning.

Monthly Personnel Training Check Check that all personnel who may have to operate the equipment or system are properly trained and are authorized to do so, and in particular that new employees have been instructed in its use.

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Contract Service & Maintenance

SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE

Container Weighing Systems shall be thoroughly inspected and tested for proper operation by qualified contract personnel in accordance with the requirements of British Standard 5430 Part 2. Before any checks are carried out, ensure the extinguishing system is isolated electrically and mechanically and remove all solenoid and pneumatic actuators. No maintenance work should be carried out without obtaining approval from the Fire Officer and advising any personnel within the hazard area. The following Programme should be carried out in addition to the User's Programme of Inspection. The user shall be provided with a signed and dated report of the inspection advising any rectification carried out or needed. 3 Monthly Actuator Check. Test and service all actuating mechanisms. 3 Monthly Electrical Systems Check Test and service all electrical detection and alarm systems as recommended in BS 5839 Part 1 Where a Client does not wish to use a MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS maintenance contract or the specialised liquid level detection equipment, then containers must be weighed to establish the FM200 content. The weighing procedure is as follows:

Remove all manual controls, pressure actuators and pressure actuation pipe or tubing and flexible electrical connectors.

Disconnect and remove discharge piping / discharge hoses from container valves. Fit Safety Outlet Caps onto container valves. Remove containers from bracketing and weigh containers. Any container showing more than the maximum allowable weight loss must be recharged by a qualified recharge agent. Record weight of container on record tag. Replace containers in bracketing and remove Safety Outlet Caps. Reconnect discharge piping / discharge hoses and all control heads, pressure actuators, pressure actuation pipe or tubing and flexible electric connectors.

6 Monthly Container Check Externally inspect containers for signs of damage or unauthorised modifications. Check container labels are securely fixed and legible. Check container brackets and fittings.

6 Monthly Contents Check Examine the container pressure gauge reading and refer to the temperature correction chart. If the container pressure corrected to temperature is below 10% of the stated pressure it must be replaced or recharged. Verification of the content of FM200 in the containers may be achieved through either liquid level detection or container weighing. If containers show a extinguishant loss of more than 5% or a pressure loss for superpressurised liquefiable gases (adjusted for temperature) of more than 10%, the container should be refilled or replaced.

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Personnel Training All persons who may be expected to inspect , test, maintain or operate the fire extinguishing system shall be kept adequately trained in the functions they are expected to perform. Personnel working in an enclosure protected by a gaseous extinguishant shall receive training in the operation, use of the system and safety issues.

6 Monthly Control Valve & Actuator Check Check all manual and pneumatic actuators for free movement of the piston. Replace whole unit where appropriate. Check all control valves for correct manual function and automatic valves additionally, for correct automatic function.

6 Monthly Pipe Network Check Externally check Pipe-work to determine its conditions. Replace or pressure test and repair as necessary Pipework showing corrosion or mechanical damage.

Mechanical Servicing Procedure

6 Monthly Nozzle Check Inspect nozzles for dust and debris, clean out where necessary.

a.

Remove valve actuator(s) (where possible) from the container valve(s) and replace actuation cap(s). For master/slave system complete the following steps to check the slave actuation system:1. Disconnect pneumatic valve actuators from the slave container valves and install actuation caps. 2. Disconnect the pilot loop from the master container valve and install the appropriate plug. 3. Introduce 4 bar (58 psi) pressure into the pilot actuation line to the pneumatic actuators. 4. Check that the pistons in the pneumatic valve actuators have fully fired. 5. Before installing the pneumatic actuator onto the container valve ensure that the piston is reset.

b. 6 Monthly Enclosure Check Carry out a full visual check of the enclosure for integrity and confirm the dimensions and the configuration of the hazard are as the original drawings or previous visit. If drawings are not available and this is the first visit then dimensions should be taken and passed to the engineering department together with the quantity of agent to enable a calculation to be carried out to ensure the correct quantity of gas has been used.

12 Monthly Hose Check All system hoses should be examined for damage. If visual examination shows any deficiency, the hose shall be replaced.

12 Monthly Integrity Test Integrity test the enclosure to determine if the leakage area has changed sufficiently from that measured during installation. c.

This section only applies if: (1) Macron Safety Systems Ltd. is carrying out the maintenance on the detection system. (2) If the servicing of the detection system is being carried out at the same time as the mechanical service by another nominated body.

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i) Remove solenoid actuators from valve assembles. ii) Activate the detection system in accordance with procedures provided with the system. When this test is performed, the release circuit of the detection system must operate the electric actuators causing the plungers to be firmly extended. iii) Examine the auxiliary electrical device/alarm, door closers etc., have all operated correctly. iv) Ensure actuator is reset before refitting.

SECTION 8 - MAINTENANCE

Finally
Carry out a final visual inspection of the system and the protected area to ensure that all equipment has been reinstalled and reconnected properly. Ensure that any associated control/indication panel is displaying normal operation. Complete the site log book, recording work carried out and parts used. Inform the responsible person that the work is complete and that the system is back on-line.

d.

For master/slave system, remove the appropriate port plug and reconnect the pilot actuation line to the slave port on the back of the master valve. If Pressure switch(es) have operated, check that connected devices have activated or shut down as required and reset.

e.

Specialised Maintenance Duties

Container Hydrostatic Pressure Testing Providing containers are submitted to a full external inspection every 12 months from the date of introduction, the allowable interval period before the first periodic inspection and hydrostatic pressure test is 20 years. Any container that is discharged between 10 years and 20 years of being introduced into service shall be submitted to a full periodic inspection and a hydrostatic pressure test before being refilled. The interval between the first and second periodic inspection and hydrostatic pressure test may not exceed 10 years. Subsequent retests are not to exceed 5 years. (BS5430: Part 1) ( NFPA 2001 Section 4-2 ref: containers & Section 4-3 ref: hoses)

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Recharging
This section describes the procedures to enable the refilling of a container that has been discharged and will require recharging. This covers both 25mm(1") and 50mm(2") container valve assemblies. 11. The outlet adapter may require to be replaced if this is so the outlet will need to be removed and threads cleaned. Apply Loctite 648 to the thread of the new outlet adapter and screw fully home. Re-fit outlet safety cap. In the event that the pressure gauge or pressure switch needs to be replaced: 12. Remove to reveal grub screw. Check the grub screw setting, this should be initially tighten fully and then loosen by 1/2 a turn. 13. Apply PTFE tape to replacement components and refit. 14. Remove 50 bar (725psi) burst disc assy if damaged from burst disc port and replace with a new assy. 25mm(1") valve : M14 assy. torque to 18Nm, (94080) 50mm(2") valve : M18 assy. torque to 20Nm, (94085)

Valve Refurb
On receiving a container that requires to be recharged the following operations are carried out. 1. Check that the container is empty. 2. Remove valve, syphon tube grub screw and syphon tube from container. (This operation only needs to be undertaken if the burst disc needs replacing). 3. Unscrew top cap by removing locking grub screw located behind safety cap chain fixing screw. Once that has been taken off the schrader should also be removed. All O ring seals must be lubricated using PTFE / silicone grease. 4. O ring seal for the top cap has to be removed and replaced : 25mm(1") valve O ring No. 122 (part no.90025) & 50mm(2") valve O ring No. 231(part no.90120) 5. Remove shuttle from valve body. 6. The shuttle has two O rings an upper and lower, both have to be replaced. Upper O ring : 25mm(1") valve O ring No. 122 & 50mm(2") valve O ring No. 227. (part no.90130) 7. Remove bottom cap from shuttle and replace lower O rings : 25mm(1") valve O ring No. 212(part no.90185) & 50mm(2") valve O ring No. 327(part no.90140) 8. Replace bottom cap to shuttle and shuttle to valve, spray a small quantity of PTFE silicone grease into the bore of the valve body. 9. Screw new schrader into top cap using schrader tool set to 0.6Nm. Replace top cap to valve and lock into place with grub screw. 10. If valve has been removed from neck ring, replace neck seal : (This is to pre-dome burst disc if required) 25mm(1") valve - 2" 8UN neck O ring No. 327 50mm(2") valve - 3 1/4" 8UN neck O ring No.337

Figure 50
50mm (2") Valve exploded View.

Testing
On completion of a valve refurb the valve assy is subjected to two tests - Valve Assy Pre-dome and Leak Test. (test required if burst disc was replaced) The tests are conducted on a Nitrogen rig using a outlet filling adapter cap, test bottom cap and closing down adaptor. (See figure 51) 63

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1. The valve assy is assembled to the nitrogen rig bottom cap using PTFE/silicon greased O ring on the valve neck thread. The outlet adapter cap is also fitted, ensuring that the vent tap is closed. 2. The nitrogen regulator is opened to 40 bar (580psi) and the pressure to the valve is slowly increased to this pressure, this is to pre-dome the burst disc. This pressure is held for 1 minute ensuring that there is no drop in pressure indicated by nitrogen rig gauge. 3. A Water /soap solution is poured into the top cap schrader and leak detection spray is applied to all ports on the valve to check for leakage. If no leaks are present the pressure to the valve must be reduced to 25 bar (362.5psi) and the closing down adapter fitted. To close the valve shuttle down, 40 bar (580psi) is applied through the closing down adapter. 4. Once again check for leaks. 5. Slowly release the gas from the test rig, vent from closing down adapter and ensure that the outlet cap adapter tap is opened before attempting to remove the adapter. If a leak is identified it should be rectified, if the leak persists the valve assembly should be rejected.

Section 9 - RECHARGING PROCEDURE

Replacing Valve Assembly to container

1. Take container and clean neck thread using a power drill and the appropriate attachment. Use care when cleaning neck threads as the O ring seal could be damaged. 2. Remove debris from inside the container as well as from the neck thread, this should be done using the workshop vacuum cleaner and airline. 3. PTFE grease must be applied to the clean container neck thread. 4. Take the appropriate syphon tube for the correct container and valve assy, making sure that the syphon tube and grub screw hole has been properly de-burred. 5. The syphon must be cleaned either by hand with paper towels or in the workshop washer. 6. Apply Loctite 572 around the circumference of the syphon tube above the grub screw hole. Fit the syphon tube into the valve assy, ensuring that the grub screw hole's line up. 7. Remove excess loctite adhesive and screw in grub screw. 8. Fit valve and syphon tube assembly to container, insuring that the neck O ring is in place. 25mm (1") valve - 2"8UN neck ring No. 327 50mm (2") valve - 3 1/4"8UN neck ring No. 337 9. Secure the container in to the pneumatic belt vice and tighten the valve using the "C" spanner, until the valve bottoms onto the top of the neck ring.

FILLING
1. With the Container ready for filling a check is made to the filling instruction sheet and the container fill weight, time, date and fill details record. 2. The container is placed on a scales and the appropriate filling adapter attached to the container valve discharge port. Figure 51
Nitrogen Test Station Component Layout

3. Attach the fill hose / vent line from the filling rig outlet to filling adapter. 4. Reset the scale to zero to compensate for weight of container and fill hose.

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13. Remove the closing down line adapter. 14. If valve does not close after 5 applications, the cylinder must be de-pressurised. Refer to section on "Decanting Containers through rig." Ensure vent valve is closed when not required to prevent contamination on fill line. 15. Test all ports with leak detection spray, and Schrader with water/soap solution. If a leaks is observed, minor leaks may be cured by tightening the offending components. 16. Remove fill hose and filling adapter, leak test the outlet and attach safety cap. Note : When leak testing outlet with spray, do not look directly into port, examine quickly from an angle.) 17. Reset scales and note down gross weight. 18. Make certain all safety caps are in place, schrader protection cap Part No' 91185. 19. Attach label to container stating the following information. Job number, Customer, Project, Container size, Fill weight, Gross weight, Date filled, Type of agent. 20. Place container in bonded area for leak monitoring for at least 24 hours prior to dispatch. 21. After 24 hours a Leak Test on the container is conducted - see section on Container / valve assy leakage test. 22. Insert fill information on to container label. 8 Ltr Container: 16 to 180 Ltr Container: Label part No.4284 Label part No.4294

5. Switch on the pump marked 'Liquid' on filling cabinet and fill container to required weight, refer to fill tolerances table 19. (less approximately 0.7kg ( 1.5lbs) which is present in pipework and will be forced through during pressurisation). When the fill is reached switch off pump. 6. Remove container from scales, zero scales and weigh to verify fill is within tolerance, adjust if required. 7. Attach low pressure switch wires to test box and regulate nitrogen pressure to 13.8 bar (200psi) on fill rig and switch on supply. 8. Slowly increase the nitrogen pressure on the approved pressure regulator to the stated pressure on the filling instruction sheet, making the relevant allowances in pressure to compensate for the current room temperature (see the temperature correction chart Table 20.). Read off the calibrated external fill pressure gauge to determine when the intended charging pressure has been reached. (Check that the container pressure gauge reads within +/- 1bar (+/- 14.5 psi) of the fill gauge, replace container gauge if outside this tolerance).

Caution. When superpressurising, a pressure regulator must be used when the pressure source is a tank of high pressure gas.

Ensure that the test box registers a change in state (normally open to normally closed or normally closed to normally open) at approximately 21 bar rising (350 psi). 9. Agitate the container to accelerate nitrogen absorption into the agent and top up the pressure accordingly. Switch off nitrogen supply once absorption has stopped. 10. Attach the closing down adaptor to the container valve top cap and connect the nitrogen closing down line. Regulate the nitrogen pressure to 40 bar (580 psi) with the fill rig. 11. Open the closing down valve for 1 second only to force the valve shuttle down. The container valve can be heard to close. Turn off the nitrogen supply and vent the closing down line with the needle valve. 12. Vent the fill hose to atmosphere. If the pressure drops to zero as shown on fill rig gauge marked outlet within 10 seconds, the valve has closed. (Top up if necessary)

23. Adhere label to container 50mm (2") below the container top fixing bracket height.

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Section 9 - RECHARGING PROCEDURE

Container Size
8ltr 16ltr 32ltr 52ltr 106ltr 147ltr 180ltr

Fill Tolerance
+0.04, -0 kg +0.08, -0 kg +0.16, -0 kg +0.26, -0 kg +0.50, -0 kg +0.75, -0 kg +1.00, -0 kg (+0.09, -0 lb) (+0.18, -0 lb) (+0.35, -0 lb) (+0.57, -0 lb) (+1.10, -0 lb) (+1.65, -0 lb) (+2.21, -0 lb)

Charging Pressure
+0.75, -0 bar +0.75, -0 bar +0.75, -0 bar +0.75, -0 bar +0.75, -0 bar +0.75, -0 bar +0.75, -0 bar (+11, -0 psi) (+11, -0 psi) (+11, -0 psi) (+11, -0 psi) (+11, -0 psi) (+11, -0 psi) (+11, -0 psi)

Table 19 :Fill Tolerance Table.

Temperature Developed Temperature Developed Temperature Developed Temperature Developed Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure o o o o C ( oF) Bar (Psi) C ( oF) Bar (Psi) C ( oF) Bar (Psi) C (oF) Bar (Psi) 0 (32) 0.5 (33) 1.0 (34) 1.6 (35) 2.0 (36) 2.8 (37) 3.3 (38) 3.9 (39) 4.4 (40) 5.0 (41) 5.6 (42) 6.1 (43) 6.7 (44) 7.2 (45) 7.8 (46) 8.3 (47) 8.9 (48) 9.4 (49) 10.0 (50) 10.6 (51) 11.1 (52) 11.7 (53) 12.2 (54) 19.9 (288.1) 20.0 (289.9) 20.1 (291.7) 20.2 (293.6) 20.4 (295.4) 20.5 (297.2) 20.6 (299.0) 20.8 (300.9) 20.9 (302.7) 21.0 (304.6) 21.1 (306.4) 21.3 (308.3) 21.4 (310.2) 21.5 (312.1) 21.6 (313.9) 21.8 (315.8) 21.9 (317.7) 22.0 (319.5) 22.2 (321.4) 22.3 (323.3 22.4 (325.2) 22.6 (327.1 22.7 (329.0) 12.8 13.3 13.9 14.4 15.0 15.6 16.1 16.7 17.2 17.8 18.3 18.9 19.4 20.0 20.6 21.1 21.7 22.2 22.8 23.3 23.9 24.4 25.0 (55) (56) (57) (58) (59) (60) (61) (62) (63) (64) (65) (66) (67) (68) (69) (70) (71) (72) (73) (74) (75) (76) (77) 22.8 22.9 23.1 23.2 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.8 23.9 24.0 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.6 24.7 24.8 25.0 25.1 25.3 25.4 25.6 25.7 25.8 (331.0) (332.9) (334.8) (336.7) (338.6) (340.5) (342.5) (344.4) (346.4) (348.4) (350.4) (352.3) (354.3) (356.3) (358.2) (360.2) (362.3) (364.3) (366.4) (368.4) (370.5) (372.6) (374.6) 25.6 (78) 26.1 (79) 26.7 (80) 27.2 (81) 27.8 (82) 28.3 (83) 28.9 (84) 29.4 (85) 30.0 (86) 30.6 (87) 31.1 (88) 31.7 (89) 32.2 (90) 32.8 (91) 33.3 (92) 33.9 (93) 34.4 (94) 35.0 (95) 35.6 (96) 36.1 (97) 36.7 (98) 37.2 (99) 37.8 (100) 26.0 26.1 26.3 26.4 26.6 26.7 26.9 27.0 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.6 27.7 27.9 28.1 28.2 28.4 28.5 28.7 28.8 92.0 29.2 29.3 (376.7) (378.7) (380.8) (383.0) (385.1) (387.3) (389.4) (391.6) (393.7) (395.9) (398.0) (400.2) (402.3) (404.6) (406.9) (409.1) (411.4) (413.7) (416.0) (418.3) (420.5) (422.8) (425.1) 38.3 38.9 39.4 40.0 40.6 41.1 41.7 42.4 42.8 43.3 43.9 44.4 45.0 45.6 46.1 46.7 47.2 47.8 48.3 48.9 (101) (102) (103) (104) (105) (106) (107) (108) (109) (110) (111) (112) (113) (114) (115) (116) (117) (118) (119) (120) 29.5 29.6 29.8 30.0 30.1 30.3 30.5 30.6 30.8 31.0 31.1 31.3 31.5 31.7 31.9 32.0 32.2 32.4 32.6 32.7 (427.5) (429.9) (432.3) (434.7) (437.1) (439.5) (441.9) (444.3) (446.7) (449.1) (451.6) (454.2) (456.7 (459.3) (461.9) (464.5) (467.0) (469.6 (472.2) (474.8)

Table 20: Temperature Correction Chart.

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However, if the repeatability check is inconclusive, repeat check in an alternative clean environment. If repeatability problems persist, contact R&D department for instruction. Close the hand valve of the leak standard after use.

Container / Valve Assy leakage Test

This Test is required for all filled FM-200 valves and container assemblies after being left to stand in a bonded area for at least 24 hours. The test equipment used is a leak detector and calibration gas. 1. After 24hrs standing, the valve pressure gauge should be checked for pressure loss (refer to temperature correction chart to adjust for temperature change). The container and valve assembly should then be checked for leakage using the Halotek leak detector unit. 2. Switch on the fan to pressurise/purge the room for a minimum of 20 minutes before testing. 3. Take the Halotek unit & calibration gas and retire to an FM200 free environment to calibration of the unit. 4. Adjust the Halotek leak detector to gain a steady audible pulse, in free air, of about 2 to 4 pulses per second. 5. Conduct a stability check by leaving the Halotek unit for approximately 3 minutes in a clean air environment. If the pulse rate is observed to stay within the range of 2 to 4 pulses per second, proceed to the repeatability check. If the stability check is inconclusive, repeat stability check in an alternative clean environment. If stability problems persist, contact R&D department for instruction. 6. The leak standard of 0.21oz/year should be conditioned to a temperature of 200C +/-50C (680F +/- 90F) for at least 24 hours.

Container Leak Test.

Carefully probe the container/valve assembly at all probes and openings. Ensure that the probe is not brought into direct contact with any objects as this can lead to spurious results and ensure that the dwell time of the probe is sufficiently long (more than 5 seconds) to ensure any leak is detected. Any significant and repeatable increase of the audible pulse rate should be taken as an indication of a leak and the container and valve assembly should be rejected. Once the leakage source has been rectified, the container and valve assembly should be subjected to a further leak test using the Halotek unit.

Decanting a container through filling rig.

Decanting is necessary if a container / valve assy has been rejected due to a leak after filling, if this is necessary the appropriate outlet adapter should be attached to the valve and a direct line connected to a storage vessel. Caution. Make certain that the container is secured to a rigid surface. Failure to do so could cause severe container movement upon actuation, resulting in personal injury or property damage.

Calibration Repeatability Test

1. Remove the cap from the leak standard, screw the calibration nozzle into the outlet of the bottle and open the hand valve fully. 2. Place the Halotek probe into the calibration nozzle. Within 5 seconds the pulse rate should start to increase and be a continuous tone within 15 seconds. 3. Remove the probe from the nozzle and position the Halotek unit away from the gas source. The pulse rate should revert back to the original rate of 2 to 4 pulses per second within 15 seconds. 4. Repeat test a further two times. If repeatability test indicates that the unit is functioning within the set parameters, proceed to the container leak test.

If the valve has been shut down, ensure that the line is shut off and activate the valve. Open the ball valve on the line that is direct to the storage vessel and flush the FM200 back into it. Shut off line and vent remaining pressure to atmosphere. Label up cylinder with appropriate instructions i.e. Refit or rejection.

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Transportation
Containers that have passed all required tests and have been filled or recharged must be stored, transported and installed in the vertical position. A warning label will be placed on a container to indicate this requirement. See figure 52. This only applies to 8 - 52 Ltr containers only.

Section 9 - RECHARGING PROCEDURE

Figure 52.
Transportation Warning Label.

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Warranty
Following the commissioning of the system, all equipment will be covered by the company's twelve month parts warranty (excluding parts accidentally or maliciously damaged by others). For further information, refer to MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS 'Terms and conditions' document.

Disclaimers & Limitations

Whilst every care has been taken in the publication of this user's guide to describe our products accurately, it is not considered binding. MACRON SAFETY SYSTEMS reserves the right to make any alterations without notice. All issues are uncontrolled copies.

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SECTION 11 - APPENDICES

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