B.E.

Materials Science and Engineering

Curriculum - R2004

Semester No. I
Theory
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
1 HS171 English – I 3 1 0 4
2 MA171 Mathematics – I 3 1 0 4
3 PH171 Physics – I 3 0 0 3
4 CY171 Chemistry – I 3 0 0 3
5 GE171 Engineering Graphics 3 1 0 4
6 GE172 Fundamentals of Computing 3 0 0 3
Total 21
Practical
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
7 PH172 Physics Laboratory 0 0 2 1
8 CY172 Chemistry Laboratory 0 0 2 1
9 GE173 Engineering Practices Lab. 0 0 3 2
10 GE174 Computer Practice - I 0 0 3 2
6
Total 27

Semester No. II
Theory
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
1 HS181 English – II 3 1 0 4
2 MA181 Mathematics – II 3 1 0 4
3 PH183 Materials Science 3 0 0 3
4 CY182 Chemistry – II 3 0 0 3
5 GE181 Engineering Mechanics 3 1 0 4
6 EE192 Electrical Engineering 2 0 0 2
7 EC192 Electronics Engineering 3 0 0 3
Total 23
Practical

SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C

NO
8 GE182 Computer Practice - II 0 0 23
9 EC193 Electronics Laboratory 0 0 12
10 EE193 Instrumentation Laboratory 0 0 12
4
Total 27
Semester No. III
Theory

No CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C

NO
1 MA 271 Mathematics III 3 1 0 4
2 GE 183 Environmental Science and Engineering 3 0 0 3
3 ML 271 Materials Structure and Properties 3 0 0 3

4 CE 295 Strength of Materials 3 0 0 3

5 ML 272 Primary Processing of Iron and Steel 3 0 0 3
6 ME 375 Engineering Metrology and 3 0 0 3
Measurements
19
Practical
7 CE 296 Strength of Materials Lab 0 0 2 1
8 ML 273 Microstructure Analysis Lab 0 0 3 2
9 ML 274 Technical Seminar 0 0 2 1
4
Total 23

Semester No. IV
Theory
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
1 ML281 Mechanical Metallurgy 3 0 0 3
2 ML282 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of 3 0 0 3
Materials
3 ML283 Non-Ferrous Metallurgy 3 0 0 3
4 ML284 Powder Metallurgy 3 0 0 3
5 ML 285 Solid State Physics 3 1 0 4
6 ML286 Polymer Process Engineering 3 0 0 3
7 ML287 Foundry and Machining 3 0 0 3
22
Practical
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
7 ME 378 Metrology and Measurements Lab 0 0 3 1
8 ML 288 Manufacturing Technology Laboratory 0 0 3 2
9 ML 289 Technical Seminar 0 0 2 1
4
Total 26

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 2
 Semester No. V
Theory
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
1 ML371 Theory and Applications of Metal 3 1 0 4
Forming
2 ML372 Materials Aspects in Design 3 1 0 4
3 ML373 Characterization of Materials 3 0 0 3
4 ML374 Heat Treatment of Metals and Alloys 3 0 0 3
5 ML375 Introduction to Nanotechnology 3 0 0 3
6 ML376 Corrosion and Surface Engineering 3 0 0 3
20
Practical
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
7 ML377 Heat Treatment Laboratory 0 0 3 2
8 ML378 Materials Processing Laboratory 0 0 3 2
9 ML379 Presentation Skills and Technical Seminar 0 0 2 1
5
Total 25

Semester No. VI
Theory
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
1 ML381 Bio and Smart Materials 3 0 0 3
2 ML382 Creep and Fatigue Behavior of Materials 3 1 0 4
3 ME473 Finite Element Analysis 3 1 0 4
4 ML383 Composite Materials 3 0 0 3
5 ME483 Industrial Management 3 0 0 3
6 Elective – I 3 0 0 3
Total 20
Practical
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
7 ML384 Composite Materials Laboratory 0 0 3 2
8 ML385 Advanced Materials Characterization 0 0 3 2
Laboratory
4
Total 24

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 3
 Semester No. VII
Theory
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
1 GE481 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3
2 ML471 Computer Application in Materials 3 1 0 4
Science
3 ML472 Non Destructive Materials Evaluation 3 0 0 3
4 ML473 Welding Metallurgy 3 0 0 3
5 Elective – II 3 0 0 3
6 Elective – III 3 0 0 3
19
Practical
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
7 ME474 Computer aided Simulation and Analysis 0 0 3 1
Laboratory
8 ML474 Comprehension 0 0 2 1
9 ML475 Materials Design Project 0 0 4 2
10 ML476 Industrial/ Field Training* 0 0 0 1
5
Total 24

* Four weeks industrial training during sixth semester holidays

Semester No. VIII

Theory
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
1 Elective – IV 3 0 0 3
2 Elective –V 3 0 0 3
Total 6

Practical
SL CODE NO COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO
3 ML481 Project Work 0 0 12 6
Total 12

Total all Semesters 188

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 4
 Electives
SL CODE COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO NO
1 ML501 Metallurgy of Tool Materials 3 0 0 3
2 ML502 Physical Metallurgy of Ferrous and 3 0 0 3
Aluminum Alloys
3 ML503 Automotive Materials 3 0 0 3
4 ML504 Biomedical Materials 3 0 0 3
5 ML505 Ceramics and Refractory Materials 3 0 0 3
6 ML506 Electron Microscopy and Diffraction 3 0 0 3
Analysis of Materials
7 ML507 Modeling and Simulation in Materials 3 0 0 3
Engineering
8 MA502 Numerical Methods 3 1 0 4
9 ML508 Experimental Techniques in Machining 3 0 0 3
10 ML509 Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories 3 0 0 3
11 ML510 Experimental Stress Analysis 3 0 0 3
12 ME513 Industrial Tribology 3 0 0 3
13 ML511 Micro and Nanomechanical Properties 3 0 0 3
of Materials
14 ML512 Alloy Casting Processes 3 0 0 3
15 ML513 Rolling and Forging Technology 3 0 0 3
16 MN521 Micro Machining Processes 3 0 0 3
17 ML514 Laser Processing of Materials 3 0 0 3
18 ML515 Cryogenic Treatment of Materials 3 0 0 3
19 ML516 Materials Handling Systems 3 0 0 3
20 ML517 Principles of Metal Cutting 3 0 0 3
21 GE381 Professional Ethics in Engineering 3 0 0 3
22 ML518 Computer Aided Design 3 0 0 3
23 ML519 Polymer Rheology 3 0 0 3
24 ML520 Fracture Mechanics and 3 0 0 3
FailureAnalysis
25 ME516 Computational Fluid Dynamics 3 0 0 3
26 IE481 Design of Industrial Experiments 3 0 0 3

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 5
SEMESTER I

HS171 ENGLISH- I 3104

1. FOCUS ON LANGUAGE 10
Word formation with prefixes and suffixes – synonyms and antonyms – compound nouns,
expanding nominal compounds – adverbs – adjectives – gerunds – modal verbs – use of
reference words (pronouns, sequential expressions, etc.,) – relative pronouns – lexical links –
prepositions – phrases - prepositional phrases - clauses - sentence construction –
transformation of sentences (use of ‘though’, ‘inspite of’ ‘as soon as’ and ‘no sooner than’ ) –
use of present participle and past participle (eg. time consuming work, computer-aided
learning) – subject-verb agreement – question formation – tenses (simple present tense,
present continuous, simple present perfect, simple past, past continuous) – active voice,
passive voice.
Suggested activities: Word formation exercises using prefixes and suffixes to change the
grammatical functions and to negate the meanings of words – varied vocabulary related
exercises for identifying the contextual meanings of words - exercises for correction of errors
in the texts given –- gap filling exercises for learning the use of prepositions, prepositional
phrases, gerunds, etc. - sentence level transformation exercises for teaching phrases, clauses,
sentence construction - providing contexts for the use of tenses taught – rewriting sentences
using the impersonal passive and comparative forms of adjectives.

2. LISTENING 8
Listening comprehension - listening for general content, listening for detailed information –
listening for specific sets of lexical expressions – listening for pronunciation, stress,
intonation and voice quality effects.
Suggested Activities: Tasks involving intensive listening to identify the missing words in the
texts recorded and played – listening to a brief conversation dealing with short answer
questions, multiple-choice questions, inferential comprehension questions – note taking
exercises (guided and unguided) – providing short lists of words for teaching stress and stress
shift – drill exercises (e.g., ‘tense’ & ‘voice’ oriented ones).
Note: Listening activities can be done in the Language Laboratory or in the class room using
a tape recorder.

3. SPEAKING 9
Oral practice to develop self-confidence – introducing oneself – asking for or eliciting
information – describing objects – offering suggestions and recommendations – analyzing
problems and providing solutions – preparing for an interview – other general, relevant
rhetorical functions.
Suggested Activities: Role play activities based on real-life situations – clear presentation of
facts – discussion - pair work, group work, group dynamics - strategic competence – body
language – performance of general and relevant linguistic functions (greeting, asking excuse,
explaining reasons, expressing ideas).

4. READING 8
Predicting the content from the title – skimming the text, understanding the gist – identifying
the topic sentence and its role in each paragraph – scanning, inferring/identifying lexical and
contextual meanings - technical vocabulary - analysing information from tables, flow charts

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 6
& tree diagrams - note-making – understanding the discourse coherence and organization of
texts: - learning the use of words.
Suggested Activities: Close reading to identify the main content and answer the teachers’
comprehension questions – making a thesis statement about the text – scanning for specific
information – sequencing jumbled sentences using linguistic clues (e.g. reference words and
repetitions) and following semantic clues for prepositional development – comprehending a
passage and answering questions of varied kinds, relating to information, inference and
prediction - writing headings for paragraphs - vocabulary exercises (match the words with
their meanings, gap filling exercises, multiple choice questions, etc.,)

5. WRITING 10
One-sentence definition and extended definition – description – paragraph writing (with due
emphasis on features such as topic sentence and its role, unity, coherence and cohesive
devices) – process description (use of sequential connectives eg. firstly, secondly, then, after,
etc.) – comparing and contrasting - classifying the data, - analysing/interpreting the data -
highlighting problems and providing solutions – writing formal letters (thanking, inviting) –
essay writing - developing hints - classification - expressing causal relations.
Suggested Activities: Activities for tackling such linguistic acts as defining/describing an
object/device/instrument/ machine using appropriate discourse markers – developing topic
sentences into paragraphs – writing paragraphs based on information provided in flow charts
and tables – writing formal letters, writing to officials (leave letters /letters seeking
permission for practical training, asking for certificates, testimonials) – e-mail
communication - editing (correcting the mistakes in punctuation, spelling and grammar)

Textbooks
1. Chellammal, V., Learning to Communicate, Allied Publishers, Chennai, 2003, Units I-V.
(along with a CD consisting of listening texts )
2. English for Engineers and Technologists, Vol.I, 2nd Edition, Division of of Humanities and
Social Sciences, Anna University, Orient Longman Ltd. 2003.

References
1. Sharon J, Gerson, Steven M.Gerson, Technical Writing – Process and Product, 3rd Edition,
Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt.Ld., New Delhi 2004.
2. Narayanaswami, V.R., Strengthen Your Writing, Orient Longman, Chennai, 2002.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 7
MA171 MATHEMATICS – I 3104

1. Matrices 9
Characteristic equation – Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real matrix – Properties of
eigenvalues – Cayley – Hamilton theorem – Orthogonal reduction of a symmetric matrix to
diagonal form – Reduction of quadratic form to canonical form by orthogonal transformation.
2. Three Dimensional Geometry 9
Equation of a sphere – Plane section of a sphere – Tangent plane – Equation of a Cone –
Right circular cone – Equation of a Cylinder – Right circular cylinder.

3. Sequence and Series 9

Sequences –Convergence – Series of Positive terms – Test of Convergence (Comparison
Tests, Integral test, Comparison of ratios and D’Alembert’s ratio test) – Alternating Series –
Series of Positive and Negative terms – Power Series – Convergence of Exponential,
Logarithmic and Binomial series.

4. Functions of several variables 9

Partial derivatives – Euler’s theorem for Homogenous functions – Total derivative –
Differentiation of implicit functions – Jacobians – Taylor’s expansion – Maxima and Minima
– Method of Lagrange’s Multipliers.

5. Ordinary Differential Equations 9

Higher order Linear equations with constant coefficients – Method of variation of parameters
– Method of undetermined coefficients – Equations reducible to linear equations with
constant coefficients – Simultaneous first order linear equations with constant coefficients.
L: 45 + T: 15 = 60
Textbook
1. Grewal, B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics” (36th Edition), Khanna Publishers, Delhi,
2001.

References
1. Kreyszig, E., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics” (8th Edition), John Wiley and Sons,
(Asia) Pte Ltd. Singapore, 2001.
2. Veerarajan, T., “Engineering Mathematics”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi,
2001.
3. Kandasamy, P., Thilagavathy, K., and Gunavathy, K., “Engineering Mathematics”, Volume I
(4th Revised Edition), S. Chand & Co., New Delhi, 2000.
4. Narayanan, S., Manicavachagom Pillay, T.K., Ramanaiah, G., “Advanced Mathematics for
Engineering Students”, Volume I, S. Viswanathan (Printers & Publishers), 1998.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 8
PH 171 PHYSICS I 3003

UNIT I: ACOUSTICS AND ULTRASONICS 9

Classification of sound - Characteristics of musical sound, Loudness – Weber Fechner law -
decibel, phon Sone – Reverberation - Reverberation time – Derivation of Sabine’s formula
for reverberation time (Rate of Growth and Rate of Decay) Absorption coefficient and its
determination – Factors affecting acoustics of buildings (Optimum reverberation time,
Loudness, Focussing, Echo, Echelon effect, Resonance and Noise) and their remedies.
Ultrasonic production – Magnetostriction and piezoelectric methods – Detection – Flame
method, properties, Determination of velocity of ultrasonic waves in liquid using acoustic
grating – Industrial Applications – welding, soldering and cutting.

UNIT II: CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING 9

Unit cell, Bravais lattices, Lattice planes, Miller indices Calculation of number of atoms per
unit cell, Atomic radius, coordination number and packing factor for simple cubic, BCC,
FCC, HCP – NDT methods:Liquid penetrant method, Ultrasonic flaw detector, X-ray
radiography eddy current magnetic particle inspection

UNIT III: WAVE OPTICS (Theory of interference) 9

Air wedge (theory and experiment) – testing of flat surfaces, Antireflection coatings,
Interference filters. Michelson interferometer, types of fringes, Determination of wavelength
of monochromatic source and thickness of a thin transparent sheet – Theory of plane,
circularly and elliptically polarised light – quarter and half wave plates, production and
analysis of plane, circularly and elliptically polarized light – photo elasticity – Birefringence
– effect of a stressed model in a polariscope – Isoclinic and isochromatic fringes – Photo
elastic bench.

UNIT IV: QUANTUM PHYSICS 9

Planck’s quantum theory of black body radiation (qualitative), photo electric effect –
compton effect (derivation) and Experimental verification of Compton effect – Schrodinger
wave equation Time dependent and time independent equations (derivation), Physical
significane of wave function, particle in a box (in one dimension),

UNIT V: LASER & FIBRE OPTICS 9

Einstein’s coefficients (A&B), He-Ne laser, CO2 laser, semiconductor laser – Applications –
Material processing, Holography (qualitative) Optical fibre – Principle and Propagation of
light in optical fibres- Numerical aperture and acceptance angle – types of optical fibres –
Single and multimode, step index and graded index fibres – Applications – Fibre optical
communication system, Fibre optic sensors, endoscopy.

Textbooks
1. Gaur R.K. and Gupta S.L., Engineering Physics, 8th Edition, Dhanpat Rai Publications (P)
Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.
2. Uma Mukherji, Engineering Physics, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi 2003.
3. B. Hull and V.John, NDT, McMillan Edn. Ltd., London 1988.
4. R.P.Goyal, Engineering Physics, Ramprasath & Sons, Agra, 2000
5. M.R.Srinivasan, Physics for Engineers, New Age International Publishers, 2001

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 9
CY 171 CHEMISTRY I 3003

UNIT I – Thermodynamics 9
Thermodynamic terms – definition of system – open, closed, isolated - surroundings,
properties of system - state of a system - thermodynamic equilibrium – isothermal, isobaric,
isochoric and adiabatic processes - internal energy – mathematical form of first law, enthalpy
– limitation of first law - statement of second law of thermodynamics – Clausius and Kelvin –
definition of entropy – entropy change for a reversible process - entropy change for flow of
heat in an irreversible process – entropy change for an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas -
problems – entropy of phase transitions – problems - definition of free energy and work
function – Gibbs Helmholtz equation - applications – problems – derivation of Maxwells
relations - van’t Hoff isotherm and isochore – applications – problems.

UNIT II - Surface chemistry and catalysis 9

Adsorption – types of adsorption – adsorption of gases on solids – adsorption isotherm –
Freundlich, Langmuir isotherms – adsorption of solutes from solutions – applications – role
of adsorption in catalytic reactions – ion exchange adsorption – basic principles in adsorption
chromatography - Catalysis – classification – characteristics of catalysis – auto catalysis –
enzyme catalysis – Michaelis – Menton equation – acid base catalysis.

UNIT III - Chemical kinetics 9

Kinetics of second order reaction – characteristics of second order reactions – half life period
– examples of second order reactions – hydrolysis of ester by sodium hydroxide – simple
problems in second order kinetics – kinetics of opposing, parallel and consecutive reactions –
examples for consecutive reactions – decomposition of dimethyl ether in gaseous phase –
decomposition of ethylene oxide - radioactive decay of polonium – examples of parallel
reactions – reaction of ethyl bromide with caustic potash – bromination of bromobenzene –
example of opposing reaction – dissociation of hydrogen iodide – isomerisation of
cyclopropane into propene – effect of temperature on reaction rate – theory of absolute
reaction rate – steady – state principle.
UNIT IV - Electro chemistry 9
Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions – applications – conductometric titrations –
advantages – galvanic cells – reversible and irreversible cells – emf and its measurements -
single electrode potential – standard electrodes (H2 & calomel electrodes) – electrochemical
series – Nernst equation – problems – metal – metal ion electrode – metal – metal insoluble
salt electrode – glass electrode – determination of pH using glass electrode – application of
emf measurements – problems – concentration cells – applications – problems – ion selective
electrodes – polarization – overvoltage – decomposition potential.

UNIT V – Spectroscopy 9
Electromagnetic spectrum – absorption of radiation – electronic transition – vibrational
transition – rotational transition – intensities of spectral lines – Beer – Lambert’s Law – types
of instruments used for absorption measurements – colorimetric analysis – estimation of
concentration of a solution by colorimetry – flame photometry – theory, instrumentation and
application – visible & UV spectroscopy – principles, instrumentation and application – IR
spectroscopy – applications only.
Total : 45

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 10
Textbooks
1. Puri B.R., Sharma L. R. and Madan S. Pathania, Principles of Physical Chemistry, Shoban
Lal Nagin Chand & Co., Jalandhar, 2000.
2. Jain P.C and Renuka Jain, Physical Chemistry for Engineers, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, New
Delhi. 2001.

References
1. Bahl B.S., Tuli G.D., and Arun Bahl, Essentials of Physical Chemistry, S.Chand & Company
Ltd., New Delhi, 2004.
2. Kuriacose J.C. & Rajaram J, Chemistry in Engineering & Technology, Vol. 1, Tata Mc Graw
Hill publishing company, New Delhi, 1996.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 11
GE 171 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS 3104

Objective
To develop graphic skills for communicating concepts, ideas and designs of engineering
products and to give exposure to national standards relating to technical drawings.

Concepts and Conventions (Not for exam) 4

Importance of graphics in design process – visualization, communication, documentation –
BIS conventions – Drafting tools – construction of curves like ellipse, parabola, cycloid and
involutes.

Unit I : Projection of Points, Lines and Surfaces 12

General principles of presentation of technical drawings as per BIS – Naming views as per
BIS – First angle projection.

Orthographic projection of points

Projections of straight lines located in first quadrant only – determination of true length and
true inclination.
Projections of plane surfaces like polygonal lamina and circular lamina, located in first
quadrant only.

Unit II : Projection of Solids 8

Projection of simple solids like prism, pyramid, cylinder and cone – Drawing views when the
axis of the solid is inclined to one reference plane.

Unit III : Section of Solids and Development 12

Sectioning of simple solids like prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone and sphere. Obtaining
sectional views and true shape when the axis of the solid is vertical and cutting plane inclined
to one reference plane.
Development of lateral surfaces of truncated prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones.

Unit- IV : Pictorial Projections 10

Isometric projection – Isometric scale – Isometric views of simple solids, truncated prisms,
pyramids, cylinders and cones. Perspective projection of prisms, pyramids and cylinders by
vanishing point method.

Unit V : Free-hand Sketching 10

Free hand sketching techniques – sketching of orthographic views from given pictorial views
of objects, including free-hand dimensioning.
Sketching pictorial views from given orthographic views.

Demonstration (Not for Exam) 4

Demo of computer aided drafting and dimensioning using appropriate software.

Total : 60

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 12
Textbooks
1. Nataraajan K.V, “Engineering Drawing and Graphics “, Private Publisher, Chennai, 17 th Ed.
2003.
2. Venugopal K., “Engineering Graphics”, New Age International (P) Limited, 2002.

Reference:
1. Bertoline and Wiebe, Fundamentals of Graphics Communication, Third edition, McGraw-
Hill, 2002
2. Warren J. Luzadder and Jon. M.Duff, “Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing”, Prentice Hall
of India Pvt. Ltd., Eleventh Edition, 2001.
3. Gopalakirishna K.R., “Engineering Drawing (Vol. I & II)”, Subhas Publications, 1998.

Standards:
1. IS 10711 - 2001 Technical Product Documentation - Sizes of drawing sheets
2. IS 9609 - 1983 Lettering on technical drawings
3. IS 10714 - 1983 General Principles of presentation of technical drawings
4. IS 11669 - 1986 General Principles of dimensioning of technical drawings

Special Points applicable to University Examination on Engineering Graphics

There will be five questions, of which the question No.1 will not have choice and can be
from any unit of the syllabus. The other four questions will be of “Either – OR” type, from
the remaining units.
All questions will carry equal marks of 20 each making the total of 100 marks.
The answer paper shall consist of drawing sheets of A3 size only. The students will be
permitted to use appropriate scale to fit the solution with in A3 size.
Whenever the total number of candidates in a college exceed 150, the University Exam in
that college will be conducted in two sessions (FN and AN on the same day) for 50 percent
of students (approx) at a time.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 13
GE 172 Fundamentals of Computing 3003

Aim
To provide an awareness to computers and computing

Objectives
To enable the student to learn the major components of a computer system
To know the correct and efficient ways of solving problems
To learn how arithmetic is handled in computers
To learn to use office automation tools
To learn to program in C

1. INTRODUCTION
Introduction – Characteristics of Computers – The Evolution of Computers - The Computer
Generations - Classification of Computers - Basic Computer organization-Number Systems

2. COMPUTER ARITHMETIC AND SOFTWARE

Computer Codes – Computer Arithmetic –Binary Arithmetic – Addition –Subtraction-
Multiplication-Division - Computer Software –Types of Software – Logical System
Architecture – Software Development Steps.

3. PROBLEM SOLVING AND OFFICE AUTOMATION

Planning the Computer Program – Purpose – Algorithm – Flow Charts – Pseudocode
-Application Software Packages- Word Processing – Spreadsheet – Graphics – Personal
Assistance.

4. INTRODUCTION TO C
Overview of C – Constants, Variables and Data Types – Operators and Expression –
Managing Input and Output Operators – Decision Making and Branching – Decision Making
and Looping.

5. FUNCTIONS AND POINTERS

Arrays – Handling of Character Strings – User-Defined Functions- Structures and Unions –
Pointers – The Preprocessor – Developing a C Program: Some Guidelines.
Total : 45

Textbooks
1. Pradeep K.Sinha and Priti Sinha, “Computer Fundamentals: Concepts, Systems and
Applications”, BPB Publications, 2003.
2. E.Balagurusamy, “Programming in ANSI C”, TMH, New Delhi, 2002.

References
1. Allen B.Tucker et.al, “Fundamentals of Computing I”, TMH New Delhi, 1998.
2. V.Rajaraman, “Fundamentals of Computers”, Prentice-Hall of India, 2002.
3. Herbert Schidt, “C Made Easy”, McGraw Hill.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 14
CY 172 CHEMISTRY LABORATORY 0021

I. Weighing and preparation of standard solutions

Preparation of molar and normal solutions of the following substances - oxalic acid, sodium
carbonate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid.
Preparation of buffer solutions: borate buffer, phosphate buffer using Henderson equation.
II. Water Analysis
Determination of total hardness, temporary & permanent hardness of water by EDTA
method.
Determination of DO content by Winkler’s method.
Determination of alkalinity in a water sample.
Determination of chloride content of water sample by argentometric method.
III. pH-metry
To find out the strength of given hydrochloric acid by sodium hydroxide.
IV. Conductometry
Conductometric titration of mixture of acids.
Conductometric precipitation titration using BaCl2 – Na2SO4.
V. Potentiometry
Redox titration – Iron Vs. dichromate.
VI. Spectrophotometry
To determine λmax of a coloured solution such as potassium permanganate.
To determine the iron content of an unknown solution (1, 10 – phenanthroline / thiocyanate
method)
VII Flame photometry
To determine sodium and potassium in water
VIII Viscometry
Determination of molecular weight of a polymer.
IX Water Pollution
COD analysis of a waste water by dichromate method.
X Kinetics
Determination of reaction rate constant of acid catalysed hydrolysis of ester.
XI Adsorption
Adsorption of acetic acid on activated charcoal.
Total: 60
References
1. A Text of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, A.I.Vogel, ELBS, London.
2. Experiments in Physical Chemistry, D.P. Shoemaker and C.W. Garland, McGraw Hill,
London.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 15
PH 172 PHYSICS LABORATORY 0021

1. Torsional pendulum – determination of rigidity modulus of wire and moment of Inertia of disc
2.Non-uniform Bending – Young’s Modulus determination.
3.Viscosity – Determination of co-efficient of viscosity of liquid by Poiseuilles flow.
4.Lee’s disc – Determination of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor
5.Air wedge – Determination of thickness of a thin wire
6.Newton rings – Determination of Focal length of a lens.
7.Spectrometer – Disperse power of a prism
8.Spectrometer – Determination of wavelength of Hg source using Grating. Determination of
wavelength of laser using Grating and Particle size determination.
9. Thermo couple – Determination of thermo em using potentiometer.

GE 173 ENGINEERING PRACTICES LABORATORY 0032

Objective
To provide exposure to the students with hands-on experience on various basic engineering
practices in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics Engineering.

I Group – A (Civil & Electrical)

1. Civil Engineering Practice 12

Plumbing
Basic pipe connections involving the fittings like valves, taps, couplings, unions, reducers,
elbows and other components used in household fittings. Preparation of plumbing line
sketches.
Laying pipe connection to the suction side of a pump-inlet.
Laying pipe connection to the delivery side of a pump-outlet.
Practice in mixed pipe connections: Metal, plastic and flexible pipes used in household
appliances.

Wood Work
Sawing, planing, making common joints: T-Joint, Mortise and Tennon joint, Dovetail joint.

Study
Study of joints in door panels, wooden furniture.
Study of common industrial trusses using models.

2. Electrical Engineering Practice 9

Basic household wiring using switches, fuse, indicator-lamp, etc.,
Preparation of wiring diagrams.
Stair case light wiring.
Tube – light wiring
Study of iron-box, fan with regulator, emergency lamp.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 16
II. Group - B (Mechanical & Electronics)
3. Mechanical Engineering Practice 15
Welding
Arc welding of butt joints, lap joints, tee joints.
Gas welding Practice.

Basic Machining
Simple turning, drilling and tapping operations.

Machine assembly Practice

Study and assembling the following: centrifugal pump, mixies and air-conditioners.

Demonstration on
Smithy operations like the production of hexagonal bolt.
Foundry operation like mould preparation for grooved pulley.

4. Electronic Engineering Practice 9

Soldering simple electronic circuits and checking continuity.
Assembling electronic components on a small PCB and testing
Study of telephone, FM radio, low-voltage power supplies.
Total: 45 Periods

GE 174 COMPUTER PRACTICE – I 0032

1. UNIT – I 15 + 15
Operating System Concepts – using windows – File operations – Word Processing – Editing
Commands – Preparation of documents – Formatting documents – use of spreadsheet
package
2. UNIT – II 15
Simple C Programs – Control Structures- Preprocessor – Input-Output – Storage classes –
Arrays – Structures – Functions – Parameter passing – Recursion
3. UNIT – III 15
Command Line Arguments – Pointers – Dynamic memory allocation – Linked Lists – File:
Creation , Manipulation – Union
Total: 60
Textbooks
1. Taxali, “PC Software for Windows made Simple”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002.
2. E. Balagurusamy, “Programming in C”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 17
SEMESTER II

HS 181 ENGLISH II 3104

1. FOCUS ON LANGUAGE 10
Use of connectives – indicators of purpose and means – imperatives, infinitives, gerunds,
reporting verbs – direct and indirect speeches – different grammatical functions of the same
word – acronyms and abbreviations – rules for writing SI (System International) units –
indefinite adjectives of number and quantity – ‘if’ clauses – present perfect continuous tense,
simple past and past perfect tense – simple future tense, simple future perfect tense.
Suggested Activities: Rewriting pairs of sentences as single sentences using indicators of
purpose and means like, ‘in order to’ and ‘so as to’ - rewriting infinitive forms as gerunds
(e.g. ‘To modernize sick industries is difficult’ being converted into ‘Modernizing sick
industries is difficult’) – completing sentences by indicating the conditions which are
necessary for something to happen – reporting a quoted speech – identifying and correcting
the mistakes in spelling and grammar in a given passage – expanding acronyms which are
commonly used in science and technology ( e.g. LASER, LAN, LCD, ICBM, NASA) – using
appropriate units of measurement.

2. LISTENING 8
Listening practice – listening for the gist and listening for specific information – listening to
speech segments, study of phonological aspects – listening to recorded telephonic
conversation, TV/ radio news in English (in varieties of English) – listening to short and long
conversations in different domains of activity – discussing new inventions, products etc.,
narrating events .
Suggested Activities: Post-listening activities: Listening activities may be followed by
writing or speaking activities. For example, students either respond to/give the gist of/enter
into a discussion on what they have listened to - listening to instructions and drawing
geometrical figures as instructed -activities involving narration.

3. SPEAKING 9
Academic and Professional skills: marketing - advertising – Performing different speech
functions (persuasion, negotiation, giving directions and guidance) – conversational etiquette
(politeness strategies, turn-taking, body language) – seminar presentation, summarizing,
presenting statistics – making speeches (compering, introducing a guest to the audience,
welcoming guests and proposing vote of thanks) – expressing purposes and functions.
Suggested Activities: Brief classroom discussion on a topic of current interest – group
discussions and mock interviews – training students to compere at club / association /
department / college functions – and to welcome the gathering, present reports and propose
vote of thanks.

4. READING 8
Reading comprehension – providing suitable titles to paragraphs and texts - identifying main
points, supporting ideas – evaluating the style of texts (argumentative / descriptive, etc.) –
drawing inferences – distinguishing facts from opinions – interpreting diagrammatic
representations (pie chart, bar chart)

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 18
Suggested Activities: Objective type comprehension questions – making notes based on texts
(guided and unguided) – filling the gaps with appropriate missing words – constructing
content with the help of hints provided - transferring information from non-verbal
representation to continuous writing.

5. WRITING 10
Techniques of formatting, drafting and revising – structure of technical reports – (reports on
visits made to industries, the report on an accident in the factory) - formal letter writing,
writing letter of application, with resume, having statement of purpose and Objective, letters
announcing functions and congratulating associates on important occasions – summary
writing - expressing uses of tools - designing an advertisement -writing biographies - giving
instructions - making recommendations (use of modal verbs) – notices – agenda – minutes –
memoranda – checklists
Suggested Activities: Reports on industrial visits( with details pertaining to the purpose of
visit, preparatory measures to be undertaken for the visit, industry visited, observations made,
etc.) – report writing [ writing an accident report using the format: introduction ( comprising
details regarding the ‘when’, ‘where’, ‘what’, and ‘how’ of the accident) , a detailed
description of the actual accident, a detailed description of the actual accident, investigation
conducted, recommendations / suggestions made by the reporter – laboratory report ] – a
simple project proposal.

Textbooks
1. Chellammal, V., Learning to Communicate, Allied Publishers, Chennai, 2003, Units VI-X.
(along with a CD consisting of listening texts )
2. English for Engineers and Technologists, Vol.I,2nd Edition, Division of Humanities and
Social Sciences, Anna University, Orient Longman Ltd. 2003.

References
1. Andhrea J. – Ruther ford, Basic Communication Skills for Technology, II edition., Pearson
Education, Asia (Singapore) Pvt.Ltd., Bangalore 2002.
2. Farhathullah, T.M. Communication Skills for Technical Students, Chennai: Orient Longman,
2002.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 19
MA181 Mathematics – II 3104

1. Multiple Integrals 9
Double integration and area as a double integral – Double integral over a plane area – Change
of order of integration – Double integral over the surface of cuboid, sphere and cylinder –
Triple integrals – Triple integral over the volume enclosed by cuboid, sphere and cylinder.
2. Vector Calculus 9
Gradient and directional derivative – Divergence, Curl and Laplacian – Irrotational and
Solenoidal vector fields – Line integral over a plane curve – Green’s, Gauss divergence and
Stroke’s theorem – Verification – Application in evaluating line, surface and volume
integrals.

3. Analytic function 9
Analytic functions – Necessary and sufficient conditions for analyticity – Properties –
Harmonic conjugates – Conformal Mapping – Mapping by functions
1 2
w = , z – Bilinear transformation.
z
4. Complex Integration 9
Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula – Taylor and Laurent Series – Singularities –
Residues – Residue theorem – Application of Residue theorem for evaluation of real integrals
– use of circular contour and semicircular contour with no pole on real axis.
5. Laplace Transform: 9
Laplace Transform – Sufficient conditions – Transforms of elementary functions – Basic
properties – Transforms of derivatives and integrals – Inverse transforms – Convolution
theorem – Transform of periodic functions – Application to solution of linear ordinary
differential equations with constant coefficients.
L: 45 + T: 15 = 60
Textbooks
Grewal, B. S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna Publishers, Delhi 2001.

Books for Reference

1. Narayanan, S., Manicavachagom Pillay, T.K., Ramanaiah, G., “Advanced Mathematics for
Engineering Students”, Vols. I, II & III, S. Viswanathan (Printers & Publishers, Pvt, Ltd.),
1998.
2. Venkataraman, M.K. “Engineering Mathematics”, National Publishing Company, Chennai, ,
1998.
3. Kreyszig, E., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics” (8th Edition), John Wiley and Sons,
(Asia) Pte Ltd. Singapore, 2001.
4. Kandasamy, P., Thilagavathy, K., and Gunavathy, K., “Engineering Mathematics”, S. Chand
& Co., New Delhi, 2000.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 20
PH 183 MATERIALS SCIENCE 3003

UNIT I: CRYSTAL DEFECTS AND STRENGTHENING OF MATERIALS 9

Crystal imperfections – point defects – line defects – planar defects – bulk defects –
Dislocations – Burger Vector – Strengthening mechanisms for the improvement of
mechanical properties – cold working – precipitation hardening, solute hardening and
diffusion hardening – Fracture – Mechanism of brittle fracture (Griffith’s theory) difference
between brittle and ductile fracture – fatigue failure and its prevention – Grain size and heat
treatment – Mechanical tests – Tensile, compression, hardness, impact creep, fatigue and
stress.

UNIT II: CONDUCTING AND SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS: 9

Draw backs of classical theory – Fermi distribution function – Density of energy states
(derivation) – effect of temperature on Fermi energy (Qualitative), Origin of band gap in
solids (qualitative treatment only) – Concept of effective mass of electron and hole – Law of
mass action – Carrier concentration in an intrinsic semiconductor (derivation) – electrical
conductivity – band gap determination – Carrier concentration in n-type and p-type
semiconductors (Qualitative) – Variation of Fermi level with temperature and impurity
concentration (Qualitative) – Hall effect – Determination of Hall coefficient.

UNIT III: MAGNETIC AND DIELECTRIC MATERIALS: 9

Origin of magnetic moment – Bohr magneton – Weiss theory of paramagnetism,
Ferromagnetism – Domain theory of ferromagnetism, Hysteresis – Ferites – magnetic
recording and readout – Storage of data – Tapes and floppy - magnetic disk drives. Dielectric
materials: Electronic, Ionic, Orientational, Spontaneous and space charge polarization –
Complex dielectric constant RC equivalent network – dielectric loss – different types of
dielectric breakdown –– Classification of insulating materials (qualitative).

UNIT IV: NUCLEAR PHYSICS 9

Nuclear forces – Einstein’s mass energy relation (derivations) – binding energy – Mass defect
– Nuclear fission – liquid drop model – energy released in nuclear fission – controlled chain
reaction – critical size – Four factor formula – Nuclear reactor – Fast Breeder reactor –
Nuclear power station – Uncontrolled chaim reaction – atom bomb – Nuclear fusion –
Hydrogen bomb – Thermo nuclear reaction – Laser induced Nuclear fusion – Laser induced
fusion reactors – Nuclear waste disposal – Linear accelerator – synchrotron – Bubble
chamber – Scintillations counter.

UNIT V: SUPERCONDUCTIONG AND NEW ENGINEERING MATERIALS 9

Superconducting phernomena properties of superconductors – Meissner effect, Isotope effect,
Type I and Type II superconductors, High Tc Superconductors – Magnetic levitation and
SQUIDS – Metallic glasses – cermets – FRP – Fine ceramics and oxide ceramics – NMC.

References
1. Srivatsava C.M. and Srinivasan.C., Science of Engineering Materials, 2nd Edition, New Age
International (P) Ltd., Publications, New Delhi, 1997.
2. Kenneth G., Budinski, Michel K., Budinski, Engineering materials Properties and Selection,
7th Edition, Pearson, Singapore (Printice Hall), 2002.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 21
 3. Vasudeva A.S., Modern Engineering Physics, 2nd Edition, S.Chand and Co., Ltd., New Delhi
2003.
4. William F.Smith, Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, 3rd Edition, McGraw
Hill , New York, 2003.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 22
CY 182 CHEMISTRY II 3003

Aim
To impart a sound knowledge of theoretical and modern technological aspects of fuels and
combustion, specialty materials, water technology, corrosion and its control measures, phase
equilibria and physical metallurgy as required for the mechanical and related engineering
students.

Objectives
Students should be conversant with
Properties and applications of fossil fuels and combustion calculations.
Machinery related materials, industrial furnaces and boiler chemistry
Powder metallurgy and phase equilibria involving condensed systems.
Quantitative techniques involving gravimetry and instrumental methods.

UNIT I Fuels and combustion 9

Classification of fuels (solid, liquid and gaseous) comparison – coal varieties – analysis of
coal, proximate (moisture, volatile mater, ash content & carbon content) – significance –
ultimate analysis (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, ash & oxygen) – significance – coke
manufacture (Beehive coke oven, and Otto-Hoffman by product coke oven method) –
characteristics of metallurgical coke – petroleum – refining – fractions – composition and
uses – cracking – thermal and catalytic (fixed bed & fluidized bed) - synthetic petrol
(polymerization – thermal and catalytic methods) – Fischer – Tropsch method – Bergius
process – knocking – octane number – improvement of antiknock characteristics – diesel
engine fuel – cetane number – gaseous fuels – production composition and uses of producer
gas, water gas and natural gas - combustion – gross and net calorific values – theoretical
calculation of calorific values (Dulong’s formula) – calculation of minimum requirement of
air (simple calculations) – explosive range, spontaneous ignition temperature – flue gas
analysis – Orsat apparatus.

UNIT II Mechanical engineering materials 9

Abrasives – Moh’s scale of hardness – natural abrasives (diamond, corundum, emery, garnets
and quartz) – artificial abrasives (silicon carbide, boron carbide) - Refractories :
characteristics – classification (acid, basic and natural refractories) – properties
(refractoriness, refractoriness under load, dimensional stability, porosity – thermal spalling) -
manufacture of refractories (general methods) – preparation, properties and uses of high
alumina bricks, magnesite and zirconia bricks only - lubricants and lubrication - functions –
classification with examples – properties (viscosity index, flash and fire point, oiliness,
carbon residue, aniline point, cloud and pour point) – greases (calcium based, sodium based,
lithium based only) – solid lubricants – graphite and molybdenum sulphide - engineering
plastics - polymer blends and alloys – properties with examples - characteristics of
polyamide, poly carbonates, polyurethanes and thermocole.

UNIT III Water technology and corrosion 9

Boiler feed water – requirements – formation of deposits in steam boilers and heat
exchangers – disadvantages (wastage of fuel, decrease in efficiency, boiler explosion) –
prevention of scale formation – external treatment (ion exchange method) – internal treatment
(phosphate, calgon, carbonate, colloidal) – boiler compounds – caustic embrittlement – boiler

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 23
corrosion – priming and foaming – desalination by reverse osmosis - protective coatings for
metals: paints – constituents and their functions – mechanism of dying of an oil paint.

UNIT IV Phase rule and physical metallurgy 9

Phase rule – statements and explanation of the terms involved – condensed phase rule –
construction of phase diagram – thermal analysis – simple eutectic system (Ag-Pb system
only) compound formation with congruent melting point (Zn-Mg system only) – applications
of phase rule - physical metallurgy - powder metallurgy – preparation of metal powders
(mechanical pulverization, atomization, chemical reduction, electrolytic process,
decomposition) – mixing and blending – compacting – sintering – uses, advantages and
limitations of powder metallurgy.

UNIT V Analytical techniques 9

Gravimetry analysis of Pb, Fe, Al, and Ni - complexometric titrations (using EDTA) –
estimation of Ni, Zn, and Mg - redox titrations - estimation of iron by dichrometry and copper
by iodometry - atomic adsorption spectroscopy - principle – instrumentation (block diagram
only) – quantitative estimation of Ni and Cr.
Total : 45
Textbooks
1. Jain P.C. and Monika Jain, Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Rai Pub. Co. (P) Ltd., New
Delhi, Edition 2002.
2. Dara S.S., A text book of Engineering Chemistry, S. Chand Co.(P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.

Reference
Vogel A. I., A text book Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, ELBS, London. 2000.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 24
GE 181 ENGINEERING MECHANICS 3104

Objective
At the end of this course the student should be able to understand the vectorial and scalar
representation of forces and moments, static equilibrium of particles and rigid bodies both in
two dimensions and also in three dimensions. Further, he should understand the principle of
work and energy. He should be able to comprehend the effect of friction on equilibrium. He
should be able to understand the laws of motion, the kinematics of motion and the
interrelationship. He should also be able to write the dynamic equilibrium equation. All these
should be achieved both conceptually and through solved examples.

1. BASICS & STATICS OF PARTICLES 12

Introduction - Units and Dimensions - Laws of Mechanics – Lame’s theorem, Parallelogram
and triangular Law of forces – Vectors – Vectorial representation of forces and moments –
Vector operations: addition, subtraction, dot product, cross product - Coplanar Forces –
Resolution and Composition of forces – Equilibrium of a particle – Forces in space -
Equilibrium of a particle in space - Equivalent systems of forces – Principle of
transmissibility – Single equivalent force

2. EQUILIBRIUM OF RIGID BODIES 12

Free body diagram – Types of supports and their reactions – requirements of stable
equilibrium – Moments and Couples – Moment of a force about a point and about an axis –
Vectorial representation of moments and couples – Scalar components of a moment –
Varignon’s theorem - Equilibrium of Rigid bodies in two dimensions – Equilibrium of Rigid
bodies in three dimensions – Examples

3. PROPERTIES OF SURFACES AND SOLIDS 12

Determination of Areas and Volumes – First moment of area and the Centroid of sections –
Rectangle, circle, triangle from integration – T section, I section, Angle section, Hollow
section by using standard formula – second and product moments of plane area – Rectangle,
triangle, circle from integration - T section, I section, Angle section, Hollow section by using
standard formula – Parallel axis theorem and perpendicular axis theorem – Polar moment of
inertia – Principal moments of inertia of plane areas – Principal axes of inertia - Mass
moment of inertia – Derivation of mass moment of inertia for rectangular section, prism,
sphere from first principle – Relation to area moments of inertia.

4. DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES 12
Displacements, Velocity and acceleration, their relationship – Relative motion – Curvilinear
motion – Newton’s law – Work Energy Equation of particles – Impulse and Momentum –
Impact of elastic bodies.

5. FRICTION AND ELEMENTS OF RIGID BODY DYNAMICS 12

Frictional force – Laws of Coloumb friction – simple contact friction – Rolling resistance –
Belt friction. Translation and Rotation of Rigid Bodies – Velocity and acceleration – General
Plane motion
L: 45, T: 15, TOTAL: 60

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 25
Textbook
1. Beer, F. P. and Johnson Jr. E.R, “Vector Mechanics for Engineers”, Vol. 1 Statics and Vol.
Dynamics, McGraw-Hill International Edition, 1997.

References
1. Hbbeller, R.C., Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 1 Statics, Vol. 2 Dynamics, Pearson
2. Education Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2000
3. Ahok Gupta, Interactive Engineering Mechanics – Statics – A Virtual Tutor (CDROM),
Pearson Education Asia Pvt., Ltd., 2002
4. Palanichamy, M. S., Nagan, S., Engineering Mechanics – Statics & Dynamics, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 2001.
5. Irving H. Shames, Engineering Mechanics - Statics and Dynamics, IV Edition - Pearson
Education Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2003
6. Rjasekaran, S, Sankarasubramanian, G., Fundamentals of Engineering Mechanics, Vikas
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2000

EE192 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 2002

1. ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS 9
Ohms Law – Kirchoff’s Law-Steady state solution of DC circuits – introduction to AC
circuits – waveforms and RMS value – power and power factor, single phase and three phase
balanced circuits.

2. ELECTRICAL MACHINES 15
Principles of operation and characteristics of DC machines, transformers (single-phase and
three-phase),synchronous machines – three-phase and single-phase induction motors
(operating principles)

3. MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION 6

Classification of instruments – Basic requirements for measurements - moving coil and
moving iron ammeter & Voltmeter – multirange meters – dynamometer type Wattmeter –
three-phase power measurements – induction type energy meter – power factor meters –
Frequency meters - megger – Instrument transformer (CT & PT)
Total = 30
Textbooks
1. Mittle, V. N., Basic Electrical Engineering, TMH Edition, New Delhi, 1990.
2. Del Toro ‘Electrical Engineering Fundamentals’ Pearson PHI, New Delhi, II Edition
3. Kothari, D. P., Nagarath, I. J., Theory and Problems of Basic Electrical Engineering, PHI
2000.

References
1. Jimmie J. Cathey and Sasar, S. A., Basic Electrical Engineering, Schaum Outline Series in
Engineering, McGraw Hill, 1987
2. Deshpandi, N. V., Electrical Machines, A. A. Wheeler and Co. Ltd., New Delhi, 1994

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 26
EC 192 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING 3003

1. SEMICONDUCTORS AND RECTIFIERS 9

Classification of solids based on energy hand theory – Intrinsic semiconductors – Extrinsic
semiconductors – P type and n type – Pn Junction – V-I characteristic of Pn junction diode –
Zener effect – Zener diode – Zener diode characteristic – Half wave and full wave rectifiers –
Voltage regulation.

2. TRANSISTORS AND AMPLIFIERS 9

Bipolar Junction Transistor – CB, CE, CC – Configurations and characteristics – Biasing
circuits – Elementary treatment of voltage amplifier – Class A, B and C power amplifiers –
principles of Tuned amplifiers.

3. POWER AND CONTROL ELECTRONIC DEVICES 9

Field Effect Transistor – Configurations and characteristics – FET amplifier – SCR, Diac,
Triac, UJI – characteristics and simple applications – switching transistors – concept of feed
back – negative feed back – application in temperature and motor speed control.

4. SIGNAL GENERATORS AND LINEAR IC’s. 9

Sinusoidal oscillators – positive feed back – RC phase shift, Hastley, Colpit’s, Wien bridge
Oscillators – multivibrators – operational amplifier – adder, multiplier, integrator and
differentiators – Integrated circuits.

5. DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 9
Binary number system – AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR circuits – Boolean algebra –
Exclusive or GATE – Half and full adders – flip flops – registers and counters – A/D, D/A
conversion – Digital computer principle.
L = 2, P = 0, T = 2, C = 3, Total = 45

Textbook
Milman & Halkias, Integrated Electronics, McGrawHill, 1979.

Refeences
1. V. K. Mehta, Principles of Electronics, S. Chand and Company Ltd. 1994.
2. Malvino & Leach, Digital Principles and applications, McGrawHill 1986.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 27
GE 182 COMPUTER PRACTICE – II 0032

UNIT – I 15
UNIX Commands : Directory – File creation – deletion – copying – renaming – Editor
commands – Finding strings – cut-paste of Blocks – File Merging

UNIT – II 15
Shell Programming: shell commands – wild cards – escaping – redirection - /dev/null and
/dev/tty files – pipes – tees – command substitution – shell variables – command line
condition testing – looping – while and until loops

UNIT – III 15
System calls : File I/O – read and write – File creation – open, create, close – unlink – error
processing – errno – Random access – lseek – file system: directories – inodes

UNIT – IV 15
Process Management: Low level process creation – execlp and execvp – signals and
interrupts – alarms – process control – system calls - fork - exit – wait – pad exec – changing
user and group ids

Textbooks
1. W. Richard Stevens, “Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment”, Addison
Wesley, 2002.
2. Brian W. Kernigham and Rob Pike, “The UNIX Programming Environment”, PHI, 2002.

EC193 ELECTRONICS LABORATORY 0021

1. PN Junction Diode
2. Half, Full and Bridge Rectifier
3. Zener Diode
4. CE Transistor Amplifier
5. UJT Characteristics
6. Oscillators
7. Logic Gates
8. Half and Full Adders
9. Operational Amplifier

EE193 INSTRUMENTATION LABORATORY 0021

1. Strain Gauge Transducer

2. LVDT Displacement Transducer
3. RTD Temperature Transducer
4. LDR Optical Transducer
5. Schering Bridge
6. Pressure Transducer
7. Filter Circuits
8. Digital to Analog Converter

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 28
SEMESTER III

MA 271 MATHEMATICS III 3104

1. Partial Differential Equations 9

Formation – Solution of first order equations – Standard types and equations reducible to
standard types – Lagrange’s linear equation – Integral surface passing through a given curve
– Solution of linear equations of higher order with constant coefficients.

2. Fourier Series 9
Dirichlet’s conditions – General Fourier series – Odd and even functions – Half range sine
series and cosine series – Complex form of Fourier Series – Parseval’s identity – Harmonic
Analysis.

3. Boundary value problems: 9

Method of separation of variables – Solutions of one dimensional wave equation – One
dimensional heat equation – Steady state solution of two-dimensional heat equation – Fourier
series solutions in Cartesian coordinates.

4. Fourier Transform 9
Fourier integral theorem – Fourier transform pair – Sine and
Cosine transforms – Properties – Transforms of simple functions – Convolution theorem –
Parseval’s identity.

5. Z -TRANSFORM AND DIFFERENCE Equations: 9

Z-transform – Elementary properties – Inverse Z–transform – Convolution theorem
-Formation of difference equations – Solution of difference equations using Z - transform.
L: 45 + T: 15 = 60
Textbook
Grewal, B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Thirty Sixth Edition, Khanna
Publishers, Delhi, 2001.

References
1. Andrews, L.A., and Shivamoggi B.K., “Integral Transforms for Engineers and Applied
Mathematicians,” Macmillen , New York ,1988.
2. Narayanan, S., Manicavachagom Pillay, T.K. and Ramaniah, G., “Advanced Mathematics for
Engineering Students”, Volumes II and III, S. Viswanathan (Printers and Publishers) Pvt. Ltd.
Chennai, 2002.
3. Churchill, R.V. and Brown, J.W., “Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems”, Fourth
Edition, McGraw Hill Book Co., Singapore, 1987
4. Wylie C. Ray and Barrett Louis, C., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Sixth Edition,
McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 1995.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 29
GE183 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 3003

OBJECTIVES
To create an awareness on the various environmental pollution aspects and issues. To give a
comprehensive insight into Natural Resources, Ecosystem and Biodiversity. To educate the
ways and means to protect the environment from various types of pollution. To impart some
fundamental knowledge on human welfare measures.

1. Introduction to Environmental Studies and Natural Resources 10

Definition, Scope And Importance – Need For Public Awareness – Forest Resources: Use
And Over-Exploitation, Deforestation, Case Studies. Timber Extraction, Mining, Dams And
Their Ground Water, Floods, Drought, Conflicts Over Water, Dams-Benefits And Problems –
Mineral Resources: Use Effects On Forests And Tribal People – Water Resources: Use And
Over-Utilization Of Surface and Exploitation, Environmental Effects Of Extracting And
Using Mineral Resources, Case Studies – Food Resources: World Food Problems, Changes
Caused By Agriculture And Overgrazing, Effects Of Modern Agriculture, Fertilizer-Pesticide
Problems, Water Logging, Salinity, Case Studies – Energy Resources: Growing Energy
Needs, Renewable And Non Renewable Energy Sources, Use Of Alternate Energy Sources.
Case Studies – Land Resources: Land As A Resource, Land Degradation, Man Induced
Landslides, Soil Erosion And Desertification – Role Of An Individual In Conservation Of
Natural Resources – Equitable Use Of Resources For Sustainable Lifestyles. Field Study Of
Local Area To Document Environmental Assets – River / Forest / Grassland / Hill /
Mountain.

2. ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 14

Concept Of An Ecosystem – Structure and Function of An Ecosystem – Producers,
Consumers And Decomposers – Energy Flow In The Ecosystem – Ecological Succession –
Food Chains, Food Webs And Ecological Pyramids – Introduction, Types, Characteristic
Features, Structure And Function Of The (A) Forest Ecosystem (B) Grassland Ecosystem (C)
Desert Ecosystem (D) Aquatic Ecosystems (Ponds, Streams, Lakes, Rivers, Oceans,
Estuaries) – Introduction To Biodiversity – Definition: Genetic, Species And Ecosystem
Diversity – Bio-geographical Classification Of India – Value Of Biodiversity: Consumptive
Use, Productive Use, Social, Ethical, Aesthetic And Option Values – Biodiversity At Global,
National And Local Levels – India As A Mega-Diversity Nation – Hot-Spots Of Biodiversity
– Threats To Biodiversity: Habitat Loss, Poaching Of Wildlife, Man-Wildlife Conflicts –
Endangered And Endemic Species Of India – Conservation Of Biodiversity: In-Situ And Ex-
Situ Conservation Of Biodiversity. Field Study Of Common Plants, Insects, Birds. Field
Study Of Simple Ecosystems – Pond, River, Hill Slopes, Etc.

3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 8
Definition – Causes, Effects And Control Measures Of: (A) Air Pollution (B) Water Pollution
(C) Soil Pollution (D) Marine Pollution (E) Noise Pollution (F) Thermal Pollution (G)
Nuclear Hazards – Soil Waste Management: Causes, Effects And Control Measures Of
Urban And Industrial Wastes – Role Of An Individual In Prevention Of Pollution – Pollution
Case Studies – Disaster Management: Floods, Earthquake, Cyclone And Landslides. Field
Study of Local Polluted Site – Urban / Rural / Industrial / Agricultural

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 30
4. SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 7
From Unsustainable To Sustainable Development – Urban Problems Related To Energy –
Water Conservation, Rain Water Harvesting, Watershed Management – Resettlement And
Rehabilitation Of People; Its Problems And Concerns, Case Studies – Environmental Ethics:
Issues And Possible Solutions – Climate Change, Global Warming, Acid Rain, Ozone Layer
Depletion, Nuclear Accidents And Holocaust, Case Studies. – Wasteland Reclamation –
Consumerism And Waste Products – Environment Production Act – Air (Prevention And
Control of Pollution) Act – Water (Prevention And Control Of Pollution) Act – Wildlife
Protection Act – Forest Conservation Act – Issues Involved In Enforcement Of
Environmental Legislation – Public Awareness

5. HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 6

Population Growth, Variation Among Nations – Population Explosion – Family Welfare
Programme – Environment And Human Health – Human Rights – Value Education – Hiv /
Aids – Women And Child Welfare – Role Of Information Technology In Environment And
Human Health – Case Studies.
Total: 45
Textbook
1. Gilbert M. Masters, Introduction To Environmental Engineering And Science, Pearson
Education Pvt., Ltd., Second Edition, ISBN 81-297-0277-0, 2004.
2. Miller T.G. Jr., Environmental Science, Wadsworth Publishing Co.
3. Townsend C., Harper J And Michael Begon, Essentials of Ecology, Blackwell Science.
4. Trivedi R. K. And P. K. Goel, Introduction To Air Pollution, Techno-Science Publications.

References
1. Bharucha Erach, The Biodiversity Of India, Mapin Publishing Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad India,
2. Trivedi R.K., Handbook Of Environmental Laws, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances And
Standards, Vol. I And Ii, Enviro Media.
3. Cunningham, W.P.Cooper, T.H.Gorhani, Environmental Encyclopedia, Jaico Publ., House,
Mumbai, 2001.
4. Wager K.D., Environmental Management, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, Usa, 1998.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 31
ML271 MATERIALS STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES 3003

Objective
The subject introduces the correlation of properties of materials and their structure. It revises
student’s knowledge of crystal structure and phase diagrams of various alloy systems. The
course not only covers metals, mainly ferrous and non-ferrous alloys, but also structures and
properties of ceramics, polymers and composites.

1. Structure of Materials 8
Structure of atom – Atomic models – Bonding in solids – Bonding forces and energies –
Ionic, Covalent, metallic and van der Waals Bond - Crystal structure - Unit Cell – Bravais
lattice – BCC – FCC – HCP - Interstitial sites – NaCl crystal – CsCl crystal – Perovskite
structure – Diamond structure – Graphite – Crystal directions and planes.

2. Structure of Metals And Alloys 8

Imperfection in crystals – Point defects – Dislocations – Slip plane – Movement of
dislocations – Planar defects and grain boundaries – solid solutions – Hume Rothery rule –
Phase diagram – Lever rule – Gibb’s phase rule – Phase diagram for binary alloys – Eutectic
– Peritectic – Eutectoid – Zone refining.

3. Ferrous and Non Ferrous Alloys 10

Allotropy and phase change of pure iron – Classification of steels and cast iron – iron –
carbon equilibrium diagram – Microstructure of iron and steel - Ferrous alloys and their
applications –Heat treatment - Factors affecting conductivity of a metal – Electrical
Resistivity in alloys – Thermal conductivity of metals and alloys – Silver, Copper and
aluminum – High Resistivity alloys – nichrome, manganin, constantan and kanthal and their
composition and applications – Super hard materials - Tungsten carbide and Boron nitrides.

4. Ceramic and Composite Materials 10

Advanced Ceramic Materials - Crystal Structures - Silicate Ceramics - Glasses – Glass
Ceramics – Functional properties and applications of ceramic materials – Classification of
composites - Fiber reinforced materials – Law of mixtures – Continuous fibers –
discontinuous fibers – Particle-reinforced materials – Cermets – Dispersion strengthened
materials – Laminates - Application of composites in electrical and mechanical components –
nuclear industry.

5. Polymer Materials 9
Classification of polymer – Mechanisms of polymerisation - Some commercially important
individual polymer – Thermoplastics - Elastomers – Thermosets – Engineering plastics -
Liquid crystal polymers - Conductive polymers – High Performance fibers - Biomedical
applications – Photonic polymers.
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. William D. Callister, Jr.,“ Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction ”, 2/e Edition,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.
2. V. Raghavan,“ Materials Science and Engineering” , Prentice –Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2007

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 32
References
1. Sidney H. Avner,“ Introduction to physical metallurgy”, Tata Mc-Graw-Hill Inc,2/e, 1997.
2. W. Bolton,“ Engineering materials technology”, 3rd Edition, Butterworth & Heinemann,
2001.
3. Donald R. Askeland, Pradeep P. Phule,“ The Science and Engineering of Materials”, 5th
Edition, Thomson Learning, First Indian Reprint, 2007.
4. F. N. Billmayer,“ Test Book of polymer science”, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994.
5. William F. Smith,“ Structural Properties of Engineering Alloys”, Tata Mc-Graw-Hill Inc.,
1993.
6. Kingery, W. D., Bowen H. K. and Uhlmann, D. R.,“ Introduction to Ceramics”, 2nd Edition,
John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1976.

CE 295 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 3003

Objective
The students are introduced to various methods of analysis and evaluation of mechanical
properties in terms of stress, strain and deformation in different loading modes: tension,
compression, shear and torsion. This knowledge is essential for understanding mechanical
behaviour of materials. Testing of materials for determination of properties is dealt with in
detail.

1. Stress Strain and Deformation of Solids 9

Rigid and deformable bodies – Strength, Stiffness and Stability – stresses; tensile,
compressive and shear – deformation of simple and compound bars under axial load –
thermal stress – elastic constants – strain energy and unit strain energy – Strain energy in
uniaxial loads.

2. Beams - Loads and Stresses 9

Types of beams: supports and loads – shear force and bending moment in beams – cantilever,
simply supported and overhanging beams – stresses in beams – theory of simple bending –
stress variation along the length and in the beam section.
Elastic curve of neutral axis of the beam under normal loads – Evaluation of beam deflection
and slope: Double integration method, Macaulay Method, and Moment-area method –
Columns – End conditions – Equivalent length of a column – Euler equation – Slenderness
ratio – Rankine formula for columns

3. Tensile Testing 10
Engineering stress and engineering strain curve, true stress and true strain curve, instability in
tension, effect of strain rate and temperature on flow properties, tensile specimens and testing
machines. Notch tensile test, anisotropy of tensile properties.

4. Hardness Testing and Impact Testing 9

Brinell, Vickers, Rockwell, Rockwell superficial, rebound, micro hardness tests and testing
machines. hardness conversion. Impact, IZOD, Charpy, Instrumented Impact, relation to KIC

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 33
5. Torsion and Torsion Testing 8
Analysis of torsion of circular bars – Shear stress distribution – Bars of solid and hollow
circular section – Stepped shaft – Twist and torsion stiffness – Compound shafts – Fixed and
simply supported shafts – Application to close-coiled helical springs – Maximum shear stress
in spring section including Wahl Factor – Deflection of helical coil springs under axial loads
– Design of helical coil springs – stresses in helical coil springs under torsion loads
Total: 45 + 15 = 60
Textbooks
1. Popov, E. P, “Engineering Mechanics of Solids”, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall, 1998.
2. Beer F. P. and Johnston R, “Mechanics of Materials”, 3/e, McGraw-Hill Book Co, 2002.

References
1. Nash W. A, “Theory and problems in Strength of Materials”, Schaum Outline Series, 01/e,
Tata McGraw-Hill Book Co, New York, 1995
2. Kazimi S.M.A, “Solid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co, New Delhi, 1981.
3. Ryder, G. H, “Strength of Materials”, Macmillan India Ltd., Third Edition, 2002.
4. Ray, Hulse, Keith Sherwin & Jack Cain, “Solid Mechanics”, Palgrave ANE Books, 2004.
5. Singh, D. K “Mechanics of Solids” Pearson Education, 2002.
6. Timoshenko S. P, “Elements of Strength of Materials”, Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd
5th edition. 1968

ML272 PRIMARY PROCESSING OF IRON AND STEEL 3003

Objective
The course covers the production of iron and steel from raw material, primary processing to
refinement to special steels.

Raw Materials and Burden Preparation 8

Iron ore classification, Indian iron ores, limestone and coking coal deposits, problems
associated with Indian raw materials, Iron Ore beneficiation and agglomeration, theory and
practice of sintering and pelletizing, testing of burden materials, burden distribution on blast
furnace performance.

2. Blast Furnace Operation and Reactions 10

Blast furnace parts, construction and design aspects, ancillary equipment for charging,
preheating the blast, gas cleaning, pig casting, blast furnace instrumentation and control of
furnace. Blast furnace operation, irregularities and remedies. Compositional control of metal
and slag in blast furnace, modern trends in blast furnace practice. Reduction of iron ores and
oxides of iron by solid and gaseous reductions-thermodynamics and kinetics study of direct
and indirect reduction, Gruner’s theorem, blast furnace reactions. C-O and Fe-C-O equilibria,
Rist diagrams, material and heat balance.

3. Principles of Steel Making 9

Development of steel making processes, physico-chemical principles and kinetic aspects of
steel making, carbon boil, oxygen transport mechanism, desulphurisation, dephosphorisation,
slag-functions, composition, properties and theories, raw materials for steel making and plant
layout.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 34
4. Bessemer, Open Hearth and Oxygen Steel Making Processes 9
Acid and Basic Bessemer processes, Side Blown Converter, O.H- constructional features,
process types, operation, modified processes, duplexing, pre-treatment of hot metal. Top
Blown processes-L.D, L.D.A.C., bottom blown processes, combined blown processes,
rotating oxygen processes-kaldo and rotor, modern trends in oxygen steel making processes.

5. Cast Iron, Ladle Metallurgy and Electric Steel Making 9

Arc and Induction furnace-constructional features. Production practice for plain carbon steels,
low alloy – Cast irons and ductile iron, stainless, tool and special steels, modern
developments. Secondary steel making processes, continuous steel making processes –
Deoxidation and teeming practice. Principle, methods and their comparison, killed, rimmed
and capped steels, degassing practices, ingot production, ingot defects and remedies,
continuous casting. Indian steel industry and global trends in steel making technology.

Textbooks
1. Tupkary, R. H., “Modern Iron Making”, 3rd edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2000.
2. Tupkary, R. H., “Modern Steel Making”, 3rd Edition, Khanna Publications, New Delhi, 2000.

References
1. Biswas, A. K., “Principles of blast furnace iron making: theory and practice”, SBA
Publications, Kolkata, 1994.
2. Bashforth, G. R., “Manufacture of Iron and Steel”, Vol. I, Chapman and Hall London, 1964.
3. Bashforth, G. R., “Manufacture of Iron and Steel”, Vol.2, 3rd Edition, Chapman & Hall,
London, 1964.
4. “Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel”, US Steel Corporation, 11th edition, 1994

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 35
ME 375 ENGINEERING METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS 3003

Objective
To provide knowledge on various Metrological equipments available to measure the
dimension of the components.
To provide knowledge on the correct procedure to be adopted to measure the dimension of
the components.

1. BASICS OF METROLOGY 5
Introduction to Metrology – Need – Elements – Work piece, Instruments – Persons –
Environment – their effect on Precision and Accuracy – Errors – Errors in Measurements –
Types – Control – Types of standards.

2. LINEAR AND ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS 10

Linear Measuring Instruments – Evolution – Types – Classification – Limit gauges – gauge
design – terminology – procedure – concepts of interchange ability and selective assembly –
Angular measuring instruments – Types – Bevel protractor clinometers angle gauges, spirit
levels sine bar – Angle alignment telescope – Autocollimator – Applications.

3. ADVANCES IN METROLOGY 12
Basic concept of lasers Advantages of lasers – laser Interferometers – types – DC and AC
Lasers interferometer – Applications – Straightness – Alignment. Basic concept of CMM –
Types of CMM – Constructional features – Probes – Accessories – Software – Applications –
Basic concepts of Machine Vision System – Element – Applications.

4. FORM MEASUREMENT 10
Principles and Methods of straightness – Flatness measurement – Thread measurement, gear
measurement, surface finish measurement, Roundness measurement – Applications.

5. MEASUREMENT OF POWER, FLOW AND TEMPERATURE 8

Force, torque, power - mechanical , Pneumatic, Hydraulic and Electrical type. Flow
measurement: Venturimeter, Orifice meter, rotameter, pitot tube – Temperature: bimetallic
strip, thermocouples, electrical resistance thermometer – Reliability and Calibration –
Readability and Reliability.
TOTAL 45
Textbook
Shotbolt Metrology for Engineers Mc.Grawhill

References
1. Jain R.K., Engineering Metrology, Khanna Publishers 1997.
2. K.J.Hume, K. J., Engineering Metrology
3. Beckwith T.G and N.Kewis Buck, Mechanical Measurements, Addison Wesley, 1991.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 36
CE296 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS LABORATORY 0021

Objective:
To study the properties of materials when subjected to different types of Loading.

Experiments
1. Tension test on mild steel rod
2. Double shear test on metals
3. Torsion test on mild steel rod.
4. Impact test on metal specimen
5. Hardness test on metals
6. Compression test on helical spring
7. Deflection test on carriage spring

ML273 MICROSTRUTURE ANALYSIS LABORATORY 0032

Objective
The students having studied phase diagrams and microstructure evolution of various alloy
system, experience the manifestation in samples studied by the metallographic technique.
This lab is designed to expose students to specimen preparation and microstructure analysis
of various commonly used metals and alloys.

List of Experiments
1. Specimen preparation for metallographic observation - working of metallurgical microscope.
2. Grain size measurements.
3. Macro etching - cast, forged and welded components.
4. Sulphur printing and phosphor printing.
5. Microstructure cast iron-gray, nodular and malleable iron - unetched.
6. Microstructure of gray, nodular and white iron - etched.
7. Microstructure of iron, steel (low carbon, medium carbon, high carbon, hypo and
hypereutectoid steels).
8. Microstructure of stainless steels and high speed steels.
9. Over heated structure and banded structure in steels.
10. Microstructure of copper alloys
11. Microstructure of aluminium alloys
12. Microstructure of lead alloys

ML 274 TECHNICAL SEMINAR 0021

To enrich the communication skills of the student and presentations of technical topics of
interest, this course is introduced. In this course, a student has to present three Technical
papers or recent advances in engineering/technology that will be evaluated by a Committee
constituted by the Head of the Department.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 37
SEMESTER IV

ML281 MECHANICAL METALLURGY 3003

Objective
The students having studied the basics of material structures and properties and strength of
materials, shall be introduced to dislocation theories of plasticity behaviour, various
strengthening mechanisms and fracture mechanics. It will expose students to failure
mechanisms due to fatigue and creep as well as their testing methods.

1. Elastic and Plastic Behaviour 9

Elastic behavior of materials - Hooke's law, plastic behaviour: dislocation theory - Burger’s
vectors and dislocation loops, dislocations in the FCC, HCP and BCC lattice, stress fields and
energies of dislocations, forces on and between dislocations, dislocation climb, intersections
of dislocations, Jogs, dislocation sources, multiplication of dislocations, dislocation pile-ups,
Slip and twinning.

2. Strengthening Mechanisms 10
Elementary discussion of cold working, grain size strengthening. Solid solution
strengthening. martensitic strengthening, precipitation strengthening, dispersion
strengthening, fibre strengthening, examples of above strengthening mechanisms from
ferrous and non-ferrous systems, simple problems. Yield point phenomenon, strain aging and
dynamic strain aging

3. Fracture and Fracture Mechanics 9

Types of fracture, basic mechanism of ductile and brittle fracture, Griffith’s theory of brittle
fracture, Orowan’s modification. Izod and Charpy Impacts tests, Ductile to Brittle Transition
Temperature (DBTT), Factors affecting DBTT, determination of DBTT.
Fracture mechanics-introduction, modes of fracture, stress intensity factor, strain energy
release rate, fracture toughness and determination of KIC, introduction to COD, J integral.

4. Fatigue Behaviour and Testing 8

Fatigue: Stress cycles, S-N curves, effect of mean stress, factors affecting fatigue, structural
changes accompanying fatigue, cumulative damage, HCF / LCF, thermomechanical fatigue,
application of fracture mechanics to fatigue crack propagation, fatigue testing machines.

5. Creep Behaviour and Testing 9

Creep curve, stages in creep curve and explanation, structural changes during creep, creep
mechanisms, metallurgical factors affecting creep, high temperature alloys, stress rupture
testing, creep testing machines, parametetric methods of extrapolation. Deformation
Mechanism Maps according to Frost/Ashby .
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Dieter, G. E., “Mechanical Metallurgy”, McGraw-Hill Co., SI Edition, 1995.
2. Davis, H. E., Troxell G. E. and Hauck, G. E. W., “The Testing of Engineering Materials”,
McGraw-Hill, 1982.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 38
References
1. Hayden, H. W. W. G. G. Moffatt, J. Moffatt and J. Wulff, The Structure and Properties of
Materials, Vol.III, Mechanical Behavior, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1965.
2. Wulff, The Structure and Properties of Materials, Vol. III “Mechanical Behavior of
Materials”, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA, 1983.
3. Honeycombe R. W. K., “Plastic Deformation of Materials”, Edward Arnold Publishers, 1984.
4. Suryanarayana, A. V. K., “Testing of Metallic Materials”, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi,
1979.

ML282 THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS OF MATERIALS 3003

Objective
The knowledge of thermodynamics is the basic requirement for understanding various alloy
systems, phase transformations and interpreting properties. It also covers kinetics of reactions
as well as heat and mass transfer in different systems.

1. Introduction to Thermodynamics 8
Definition of thermodynamic terms; concept of states, systems, equilibrium. Equation of
states, extensive and intensive properties, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Phase
diagram of a single component system. Internal energy, heat capacity, enthalpy, isothermal,
and adiabatic processes.

2. Laws of Thermodynamics 10
The Second law of thermodynamics, entropy degree of reversibility and irreversibility,
criteria of equilibrium, auxiliary functions, combined statements, Maxwell's relations,
transformation formula, Gibbs-Helmoltz equation. Concept of Third law, temperature
dependence of entropy, statistical interpretation of entropy, Deby and Einstein concept of
heat capacity, relation between Cp and Cv, Consequences of third law.

3. Thermodynamics of Reactions 10
Solutions, partial molal quantities, ideal and non-ideal solutions, Henry's law, Gibbs - Duhem
equation, regular solution, quasi-chemical approach to solution, statistical treatment. Change
of standard state. Phase relations and phase rule-its applications. Free energy composition
diagrams for binary alloy systems, determination of liquidus, solidus and solvus lines. Effect
of pressure on phase transformation and phase equilibria. Thermodynamics of
electrochemical cells, solid electrolytes. Thermodynamics of point defects in solids.

4. Introduction to Metallurgical Kinetics 10

Heterogeneous reaction kinetics-gas-solid, solid-liquid, liquid-liquid and solid-solid systems.
Solid state diffusion- Ficks law, mechanism of diffusion, uphill diffusion, kirkendall effect,
steady an transient diffusion, external mass transfer – fluid flow and its relevance to mass
transfer, general mass transport equation, concept of mass transfer coefficient, models of
mass transfer- film theory and Higbie’s penetration theory, Internal mass transfer- ordinary
and Knudsen diffusion, mass transfer with reaction, adsorption- physical adsorption vs.
chemisorption.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 39
5. Eletrochemical Kinetics 7
Concept of polarization, activation over potential, Butler-Volmer and Tafel’s equation,
applications in Electrodeposition and corrosion, concentration over potential, limiting current,
electro-winning and corrosion
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. David R Gaskell,“ Introduction to Metallurgical Thermodynamics”, McGraw-Hill Series,
Taylor and Francis, 2003
2. Prasad, Krishna Kant, Ray, H. S. and Abraham, K. P.,“ Chemical and Metallurgical
Thermodynamics”, New Age International, 2006

References
1. Kenneth G. Denbigh,“ Principles of chemical equilibrium”, Cambridge University Press, 4 th
edition 1981.
2. Arthur W. Adamson and Alice P. Gast,“ Physical chemistry of surfaces”, John Wiley, 6th
eidtion 1997.
3. Herbert B. Callen,“ Thermodynamics and an introduction to thermostatistics”, John Wiley, 2
nd edition,1985.
4. David L. Goodstein,“ States of matter”, Dover, 1985.
5. Federick Reif,“ Fundamentals of statistical and thermal physics”, McGraw Hill, 1965.
6. Irving M. Klotz and Robert M. Rosenberg,“ Chemical thermodynamics: Basic theory and
methods”, Benjamin/Cummings, 1986.
7. Peter W. Atkins and Julio DePaula,“ Physical chemistry”, Oxford University Press, 7 th
edition, 2001.
8. Keith J. Laidler and John H. Meiser,“ Physical chemistry”, Houghton Mifflin, 2 nd edition,
1995.
9. Upadhyaya, G.S. and Dube, R.K.,“Problems in Metallurgical Thermodynamics and Kinetics”,
Pergamon Press, London, 1977.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 40
ML283 NONFERROUS METALLURGY 3003

Objective
To understand the structure,property relations of special steels and non, ferrous alloys with
special emphasis on engineering applications.

1. SPECIAL STEELS 10
Detailed discussion on compositional factors, micro structural considerations, mechanical and
physical properties, Corrosion and oxidation resistance of the following class of steels: a)
Stainless steels, b) Tool and die steels, c) Heat resistant steels, d) Wear resistant steels, e)
Steels for magnetic and electrical applications, f) Spring steels, g) Low alloy constructional
steels, h) HSLA, i) Ultra high strength steels.

2. COPPER ALLOYS 10
Properties and applications of metallic copper: Major alloys of Copper: Brasses, Cu-Zn
alloys, Phase diagram of industrially relevant portion, different compositions, characteristics
and uses. Bronzes, Tin bronze, compositions, properties and uses, other bronzes like Cu-Al.
Cu-Si. Cu-Mn and Cu-Be alloying systems. Their special properties and applications, Cu-Ni
alloys. Cu-Cr alloys.

3. LIGHT METALS AND ALLOYS 10

Aluminium - Properties and uses of metallic aluminum. Alloys of aluminium, Classification,
Wrought and Cast alloys, Heat treatable and Non, heat treatable, Age hardening. Overaging –
Al-Cu, Al-Mg-Si, Al-Zn-Mg, and Al-Li alloys. Magnesium - properties and uses of
Magnesium alloys. Titanium -Unique characteristics of the metal – α, α-β and β Titanium
alloys - major types, Titanium aluminides their properties and uses.

4. NICKEL AND ZINC ALLOYS 8

Properties of nickel and uses of nickel, alloys of nickel, nickel in special alloys and magnetic
materials, Nickel aluminides, Use of zinc in corrosion protection of ferrous materials, Zinc
alloys, properties and uses, Die, casting qualities.

5. LEAD, TIN, ANTIMONY AND PRECIOUS METALS 7

Major characteristics and applications, low melting nature and solder alloys. Gold, Silver and
Platinum, Nobility of these metals, Engineering properties and applications of these metals
and their alloys.
TOTAL: 45
Textbooks
1. Balram Gupta, “Aerospace Materials”, Vol. 1, 2 & 3. S. Chand & Co., New Delhi, 1996.
2. Brick R. M., Gordon R. A. and Phillips A., “Structure and Properties of Engineering
Materials”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1992.
References
1. Clark and Varney, “Physical Metallurgy for Engineers”, Affiliated East West Press, New
Delhi, 1987.
2. Willam F. Smith, “Structure and Properties of Engineering Alloys”, McGraw-Hill, USA,
1993.
3. W. H. Dennis,“ Metallurgy of the Non-Ferrous Metals”, Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons, London,
1967.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 41
ML284 POWDER METALLURGY 3003

Objective
This course teaches powder preparation, characterization, compaction and sintering. This
knowledge is essential to understand powder metallurgy applications in aerospace,
automobile and machining materials.

1. Characteristics and Testing of Metal Powders 10

Sampling, chemical composition purity, surface contamination etc. Particle size. and its
measurement, Principle and procedure of sieve analysis, microscopic analysis: sedimentation,
elutriation, permeability. adsorption methods and resistivity methods: particle shape,
classifications, microstructure. specific surface area. apparent and tap density. green density.
green strength, sintered compact density, porosity, shrinkage.

2. Powder Manufacture and Conditioning 10

Mechanical methods Machine milling, ball milling, atomization, shotting. chemical methods,
condensation, thermal decomposition, carbonyl. reduction by gas-hydride, dehydride process,
electro deposition, precipitation from aqueous solution and fused salts, hydrometallurgical
method. Physical methods: Electrolysis and atomisation processes, types of equipment,
factors affecting these processes, examples of powders produced by these methods,
applications, powder conditioning, heat treatment, blending and mixing, types of equipment,
types of mixing and blending

3. Powder Compaction 7
Pressureless compaction: slip casting and slurry casting. pressure compaction- lubrication,
single ended and double ended compaction, isostatic pressing, powder rolling, forging and
extrusion, explosive compaction.

4. Sintering 8
Stage of sintering, property changes, mechanisms of sintering, liquid phase sintering and
infiltration, activated sintering, hot pressing and Hot Isostatic Pressing HIP, vacuum
sintering, sintering furnaces and sintering atmosphere, finishing operations – sizing, coining,
repressing and heat treatment.

5. Applications 10
Major applications in aerospace. nuclear and automobile industries. Bearing Materials-types,
self lubrication and other types, methods of production, properties, applications. Sintered
Friction Materials-clutches, brake linings, Tool Materials- cemented carbides, oxide
ceramics, Cermets- Dispersion strengthened materials.
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Sinha A. K., “Powder Metallurgy”, Dhanpat Rai & Sons. New Delhi, 1982.
2. Ramakrishnan, P.,“ Powder Metallurgy”,New Age International Publishers, 1 st edition, 2007

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 42
References
1. ASM Handbook. Vol. 7, “Powder Metallurgy”, Metals Park, Ohio, USA, 1990.
2. Animesh Bose., “Advances in Particulate Materials”, Butterworth - Heinemann. New Delhi,
1995.
3. Kempton. H Roll., “Powder Metallurgy”, Metallurgical Society of AMlE, 1988.
4. Ramakrishnan. P., “Powder Metallurgy Opportunities for Engineering Industries”, Oxford
and IBH Publishing Co., Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 1987.
5. Erhard Klar., “Powder Metallurgy Applications, Advantages and Limitations”, American
Society for Metals, Ohio, 1983.
6. Sands. R. L. and Shakespeare. C. R. “Powder Metallurgy”, George Newes Ltd. London, 1966

ML285 SOLID STATE PHYSICS 3104

Objective
This subject provides the insight to physics of material starting with basics of matter waves,
lattice vibrations and band theories to understand properties of metals, semiconductors,
electric conductors, dielectrics, ferroelectrics, superconductors and thermal properties of
materials

1. Introduction to Modern Physics and Lattice Dynamics 9

Matter waves – Heisenberg’s uncertainity principle - Schrodinger’s time independent wave
equation – Physical significance of wave function (y) – Application to a particle in a one
dimensional box (infinite potential well)- Interatomic forces and lattice dynamics and simple
metals, ionic and covalent crystals. Elastic waves in one dimensional array of identical atoms,
vibrational modes of a diatomic linear lattice and dispersion relations, acoustic and optical
modes, phonon dispersion relation.

2. Band Theory of Solids and Semiconductor Physics 9

Fermi- Dirac distribution function, density of states, temperature dependence of Fermi
energy, specific heat, use of Fermi- Dirac statistics in the calculation of thermal conductivity
and electrical conductivity, Widemann -Franz ratio, susceptibility, width of conduction band,
Drude theory of light, absorption in metals. Bloch theorem. Behaviour of electrons in
periodic potentials, Kronig-Penny model, E vs k relation, Density of states in a band,
effective mass of electron, physical basis of effective mass, Intrinsic semiconductors. Band
model, Fermi level, Expressions for electron and hole concentration in intrinsic and extrinsic
semiconductors, Thermal ionization of impurities, Hall effect in semi conductors (p-type and
n-type).

3. Dielectrics and Ferroelectrics 9

Macroscopic description of the static dielectric constant. The electronic and ionic
polarizabilities of molecules, orientational polarization, Measurement of the dielectric
constant of a solid. The internal field of Lorentb, Clausium-Mosotti relation. Behaviour of
dielectrics in an alternating field, elementary ideas on dipole relaxation, classification of
ferroelectric crystals -BaTiO3 and KDP. Thermodynamics of ferroelectric crystals -
Devonshire theory.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 43
4. Magnetism 9
Larmor diamagnetism. Paramagnetism, Curie Langevin and Quantum theories. Susceptibility
of rare earth and transition metals. Ferromagnetism : Domian theory, Weiss molecular field
and exchange, spin waves: dispersion relation and its experimental determination by inelastic
neutrons scattering, heat capacity. Nuclear Magnetic resonance: Conditions of resonance,
Bloch equations

5. Superconductivity 9
Occurrence of superconductivity, Destruction of superconductivity by magnetic fields
Meissner effect, Heat capacity, Energy gap and Isotope effect. London's equations,
Penetration depth, Coherence length, Cooper-pairs; elements of BCS theory, Giaver
tunneling, Josephson effects (basic ideas), Elements of high temperature superconductivity
(basic concepts only).
Total: 45 + 15 = 60
Textbooks
1. S. O. Pillai,“ Solid state physics”, New age International Pvt Ltd, 6th edition, 2005
2. Wahab, M. A.,“ Solid State Physics”, Narosa Publishing, 2nd Edition, 2005

References
1. Charles Kittel.,“ Introduction to Solid State Physics”, John Wiley, 8th edition
2. Ibach, Harald, Lüth, Hans,“ An Introduction to principles of Materials Science”, Springer,
2003.
3. James D. Patterson, Bernard C. Bailey,“ Solid State Physics: Introduction to the theory”,
Springer-Verlag, edition 1, 2005
4. Mckelvy, J. P.,“ Solid State and Semi-conductor Physics”, Harper International, 1966
5. Federick Reif,“ Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermodynamical Physics”, McGraw-Hill,
1965

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 44
ML286 POLYMER PROCESS ENGINEERING 3003

Objective
The subject exposes students to the basics of polymer structure and their properties. Apart
from Thermodynamics, the course imparts knowledge on processing polymers, i.e. by
extrusion, moulding and fiber spinning.

1. Basics of Polymer Process Engineering 9

Fundamentals of polymers – Classification – Characterization – Polymer Structure &
behaviour – Effect of temperature – Molecular weight – MWD – GPC – Branching –
Crosslinking – Polarity – Flexibility – Crystallinity - Orientation.

2. Thermodynamics of Polymer 8
Rheology of Polymers – Dissolution of Polymers – Solubility parameter and its significance
– Thermodynamic relations - Interrelation between polymer processing, structure and
properties.

3. Extrusion and Extrusion Based Process 9

Features of Single screw extruder – Flow mechanism – Analysis of flow – Screw design –
Basics of twin & multiscrew extruders – Vented extruders – Cross head extrusion – Tubular
blown film process - Coextrusion.

4. Injection Moulding and Other Moulding Process 10

Injection Moulidng systems – process – Moulding cycle – machine units – Two plate & three
plate moulds – Design aspects – Problems in Quality – Effects of Shear, hear and pressure –
Orientation – Shrinkage – Spruless Moulding – Other Processes – Compression & Transfer
Moulding - Blow Moulding – Rotational Moulding – Thermoforming – Vacuum forming.

5. Calendering, Fiber Spinning Process and Other Process 8

Calendering principle & process – Fiber Spinning process – Process & mechanism of Melt,
Dry , Wet & Reaction spinning – Structural Foam Moulding (SF) – Sandwich Moulding
(SM) – RIM & RRIM – Processing for Thermosets – Methods for FRP.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. R. G. Griskey,“ Polymer Process Engineering”, Chapman & Hall, New York (1995).
2. D. H. Morton Jones,“ Polymer Processing”, Chapman & Hall, New York (1995).

References
1. Rodringuez, “Principles of Polymer Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill,1970.
2. Billmayer Jr. and Fred. W., “Textbook of Polymer Science”, WileyTappers, 1965.
3. David, J. W., “Polymer Science and Engineering”, Prentice Hall,1971.
4. Schmidt, A. K. and Marlies, G. A., “High Polymers - Theory and Practice”, McGraw Hill,
1948.
5. McKelvey, J. M., “Polymer Processing,” John Wiley, 1962.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 45
ML287 FOUNDRY AND MACHINING 30 0 3

Objective
Foundry and machining, which are important processes to give shape to components, are
introduced to students. The students are exposed to various stages of foundry and machining
operations.

1. Pattern Preparation and Moulding 9

Introduction to foundry operations, patterns – functions, types, allowances, selection of
pattern materials, colour codes, core boxes, moulding practice, ingredients of moulding sand
and core sand, Testing of moulding sands, sand preparation, Sand moulding green sand
moulding, dry sand moulding, skin dry sand moulding, core sand moulding, loam moulding,
fluid sand process, shell moulding, pit and floor moulding, carbon-oxide process.

2. Melting Practice and Casting Techniques 9

Melting practice and special precautions for steels, alloy steels, cast irons, aluminum alloys,
copper alloys and magnesium alloys, safety considerations, fluxing degassing and
inoculation. Sand casting, permanent mould casting, die casting, centrifugal casting, plaster
mould casting, investment casting, continuous casting, squeeze casting, full mould process.

3. Fundamentals of Cutting 9
Mechanics of chip formation – Types of chips produced in cutting – Mechanics of
Orthogonal and Oblique cutting – Cutting forces and power – Temperature in cutting - tool
nomenclature – Tool life – Cutting fluid – tool wear and failure - Surface finish and integrity
– Machinability.

4. Turning, Drilling and Related Processes 9

Turning parameters – Lathe and lathe operations – High speed machining – Ultra precision
machining and hard turning – Cutting screw threads – Boring and boring machines – Drilling
and drills – Drilling machines – Reaming and reamers – Tapping and taps – Design
consideration for drilling, reaming and tapping – Deep drilling.

5. Milling, Shaping and Related Processes 9

Milling operations – Milling machines – Planning and shaping – Broaching and broaching
machines – Sawing – Filling and finishing – Gear manufactured by machining.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Heine, R. W., Loper, C. R., Rosenthal, P. C. “Principles of Metal Cutting “,2/e edition, Tata
McGraw Hill Publishers, New Delhi
2. Jain, P. L., “Principles of Foundry Technology”, Tata McGraw Hill Co., Ltd., New Delhi,
2003

References
1. Serope Kalpakjain, Steven R. Schmid, “Manufacturing Engineering and Technology”,
Pearson Education, 2003.
2. Sharma, P. C., “A Text Book of Production Engineering”, S. Chand & Co., Ltd., 6th Edition,
2005
3. Ramana Rao, T. V., “Metal Casting Principles and Practice”, New Age Publishing Co., New
Delhi, 1st Reprint 2007.
4. Peter R. Beeley., “Foundry Technology”, Elsevier, 2001

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 46
 5. Srinivasan, N. K., “Foundry Engineering”, Khanna Tech. Publications, New Delhi, 1994.
6. ASM Metals Hand Book, Vol. 15, “Casting”, ASM International, 10th Edition, 1991

ME378 METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS LABORATORY 0031

Objective
Students should have knowledge on common metrological Instruments.

LIST OF EXPERIEMENTS
1. Sine bar
2. Tool Makers Microscope
3. Rolling Gear tester
4. Comparator
5. Co-ordinate Measuring Machine
6. Surface Finish Measurement
7. Machine Vision System
8. Force Measurement
9. Torque Measurement
Total : 45

ML288 MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY 0032

Objective
The practical knowledge is imparted to students in major areas of machining
which has been studies in theory.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Taper Turning
2. External Thread Cutting
3. Knurling
4. Shaping exercise – example hexagonal and square prisms
5. Drilling and Tapping
6. Determination of cutting forces in Turning and Milling Operations
7. Contour Milling using vertical milling machine
8. Gear hobbing
9. Gear shaping
10. Hexgonal machining using horizontal milling machine
Total : 45

ML289 TECHNICAL SEMINAR 0021

Objective
To enrich the communication skills of the student and presentations of technical topics of
interest, this course is introduced. In this course, a student has to present three Technical
papers or recent advances in engineering/technology that will be evaluated by a Committee
constituted by the Head of the Department.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 47
 SEMESTER V
ML371 THEORY AND APPLICATIONS OF METAL FORMING 3104

Objective
The basic knowledge on plasticity taught in mechanical metallurgy is extended to theory and
applications of metal forming. Various metal forming process and their analysis are studied in
detail.

1. Stress Tensor 10
State of stress, components of stress, symmetry of stress tensor, principle stresses, stress
deviator, Von Mises, Tresca Yield criteria, comparison of yield criteria, Octahedral shear
stress and shear strain, Forming load calculations.

2. Fundamentals of Metal Forming 10

Classification of forming process, Mechanics of metal working, Flow stress determination,
Effect of temperature, strain rate and metallurgical structure on metal working, Slip, twining,
Friction and lubrication. Deformation zone geometry, Workability, Residual stresses.

3. Forging and Rolling 9

Forging-types of presses and hammers. Classification, Open die forging and Closed die
forging, die design, forging in plane strain, calculation of forging loads, forging defects-
causes and remedies, residual stresses in forging. Rolling: Classification of rolling processes,
types of rolling mills, hot and cold rolling, rolling of bars and shapes, forces and geometrical
relationship in rolling, analysis of rolling load, torque and power, rolling mill control, rolling
defects – causes and remedies.

4. Extrusion and Drawing 7

Direct and indirect extrusion, variables affecting extrusion, deformation pattern, equipments,
port-hole extrusion die, hydrostatic extrusion, defects and remedies, simple analysis of
extrusion, tube extrusion and production of seamless pipe and tube. Drawing of rods, wires
and tubes.

5. Sheet Metal Forming and Other Processes 9

Forming methods – Shearing, blanking, bending, stretch forming, deep drawing. Types of
dies used in press working defects in formed part, sheet metal formability, formability limit
diagram.
High velocity forming: Comparison with conventional forming, Explosive forming, Electro
hydraulic, Electro Magnetic forming, Dynapak and Petroforge forming.

Total: 45 + 15 = 60
Textbooks
1. Dieter, G. E., “Mechanical Metallurgy”, McGraw-Hill Co., SI Edition, 1995.
2. Nagpal,G. R., “Metal Forming Processes”, Khanna Pub., New Delhi,2000.
References
1. Kurt Lange, “Handbook of Metal Forming”, Society of Manufacturing Engieners, Michigan,
USA, 1988.
2. Avitzur, “Metal Forming – Process and Analysis”, Tata McGraw-Hill Co., New Delhi, 1977.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 48
ML372 MATERIAL ASPECTS IN DESIGN 3104

Objective
Material Properties have to suit the purpose of an application. When designing a machine or
component, many factors have to be considered and optimised. This course covers most
issues for mechanical design optimisation.

1. Material Selection in Design 9

Introduction – relation of materials selection to design – general criteria for selection –
performance characteristics of materials – materials selection process – design process and
materials selection – economics of materials – recycling and materials selection

2. Materials Processing and Design 9

Role of Processing in Designing – classification of manufacturing processes – types of
processing systems – factors determining process selection. Design for manufacturability,
assembly, machining, casting, forging and welding

3. Manufacturing Considerations in Design 9

Surface finish – texture – dimensional tolerances in fitting – interchangeability – selective
assembly – geometric tolerance. Selection of fits and tolerances

4. Materials Properties and Design 12

Stress – Strain diagram – design for strength, rigidity – design under static loading, variable
loading, eccentric loading – stress concentration. Design examples with shaft design, spring
design and C-frames.

5. Materials in Design 6
Design for brittle fracture, fatigue failure, corrosion resistance. Designing with plastics,
brittle materials

Total: 45 + 15 = 60
Textbooks
1. Dieter George E, Engineering Design,“ A materials and processing approach”, McGraw Hill,
3rd edition, 2000
2. Bhandari,“ Design of Machine Elements”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006

Reference
1. CES Materials Selector, M. F. Ashby, et. al., GRANTA Design, 2007

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 49
ML373 CHARACTERISATION OF MATERIALS 3003

Objective
Characterisation of materials is very important for studying the structure of materials and to
interpret their properties. The students study the theoretical foundations of metallography, X-
ray diffraction, electron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, chemical and thermal
analysis.

1. Metallographic Techniques 8
Resolution, depth of focus and components of microscope, polarized light, phase contrast,
interference microscopy, hot stage and quantitative metallographic techniques, specimen
preparation techniques.

2. X-Ray Diffraction Techniques 10

Crystallography basics, characteristic spectrum, Bragg’s law, Diffraction methods – Laue,
rotating crystal and powder methods. Stereographic projection. Intensity of diffracted beams
–structure factor calculations and other factors. Cameras- Laue, Debye-Scherer cameras,
Seeman-Bohlin focusing cameras.

3. Application of X-Ray Diffraction 9

Diffractometer – general feature and optics, proportional, scintillating and Geiger counters.
X-ray diffraction application in the determination of crystal structure, lattice parameter, phase
diagram and residual stress – quantitative phase estimation, ASTM catalogue of Materials
identification

4. Electron Microscopy 9
Construction and operation of Transmission electron microscope – Diffraction effects and
image formation, specimen preparation techniques. Construction, modes of operation and
application of Scanning electron microscope, EDX. Electron probe micro analysis, basics of
scanning Tunneling Electron Microscope (STEM) and Atomic Force Microscope.

5. Advanced Chemical and Thermal Analysis 9

Basic principles, practice and applications of X-ray spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron
spectrometry, Auger spectroscopy, Differential thermal analysis DTA, Differential scanning
calorimetry DSC and thermogravimetric analysis TGA

Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Cullity, B. D.,“ Elements of X-ray diffraction”, Addison-Wesley Company Inc., New
York, 3rd Edition, 2000
2. Cherepin and Malik, “Experimental Techniques in Physical Metallurgy", Asia
Publishing Co. Bombay, 1968.

References
1. Brandon D. G, “Modern Techniques in Metallography”, VonNostrand Inc. NJ, USA,
1986.
2. Thomas G., “Transmission electron microscopy of metals”, John Wiley, 1996.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 50
 3. Weinberg, F., “Tools and Techniques in Physical Metallurgy”, Volume I & II,
Marcel and Decker, 1970.
4. Phillips, V. A., “Modern metallographic techniques and their application”, John-
Wiley & sons,1972
5. Haines, P.J.,“ Principles of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry”, Royal Society of
Chemistry (RSC), Cambridge, 2002.

ML374 HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS AND ALLOYS 3003

Objective
This laboratory is elaborating on the multitude of heat treatment techniques, mainly
applicable to iron, steel. It gives a comprehensive understanding of the changes in
microstructure and property created by controlled heat treatment.

1. Transformations in Steels 8
Iron - carbon equilibrium diagram: Transformations on heating and cooling, influence of
alloying elements, general principles of heat treatment of steels, isothermal and continuous
cooling transformations in steels. Continuous cooling curves TTT and CCT diagrams.
mechanism of pearlitic, bainitic and martensitic transformations.

2. Heat Treatment Processes 10

Annealing, Normalizing, Hardening - retained austenite - measurement and methods of its
elimination, hardenability studies- Jominy end quench test, Grossman's experiments
Tempering- Hollomon & Jaffe tempering correlations, Austempering and Martempering,
Precipitation hardening, thermomechanical treatment, intercritical heat treatment, other heat
treatment processes - splat cooling.

3. Case Hardening 8
Introduction, carburising: principle, carbon potential, mechanism, application of Fick’s law,
depth of carburization and its control, methods of carburising, heat treatment after
carburising, structure, properties and common problems in carburising. Nitriding:
introduction, steels used, mechanism, effect of microstructure, white layer, nitriding methods,
ion nitriding and nitro-carburising. Induction and flame hardening: principle, methods,
operating variables. Measurement of case depth.

4. Heat Treatment Equipment 8

Various heating media used for heat treatment. Temperature and atmosphere control,
carburising atmosphere and carbon potential measurement, nitriding gas atmospheres.
Quenching media and their characteristics. Various heat treatment furnaces, fluidized bed
furnaces, cryo chamber, cryo treatment of steels, sealed quenched furnace, plasma equipment.

5. Heat Treatment of Specific Alloys 11

Heat treatment of carbon steels, various types of tool steels, high speed steels, maraging
steels and die steels. Heat treatment of gray cast irons, white cast irons, malleabilising and
S.G.irons, austempering of S.G.Iron. Heat treatment of aluminium alloys. copper alloys and
nickel alloys. Defects in heat treated parts: causes and remedies.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 51
 Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Rajan, T. V., Sharma C. P., Ashok Sharma., “Heat Treatment Principles And
Techniques” Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2002
2. Vijendra Singh, “Heat Treatment of Metals”, First edition, Standard Publishers
Distributors New Delhi, 1998.
References
1. American Society for Metals, “Metals Handbook Vol. 4”, ASM Metals Parks. Ohio,
USA, 1991
2. Prabhudev. K H. “Handbook of Heat Treatment of Steels”, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1988.
3. Novikov,.I., “Theory of Heat Treatment of Metals”, MIR Publishers, Moscow, 1978
4. Thelning K. E., “Steel and its heat treatment”, Bofors Handbook, 1975.

ML375 INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY 3003

Objective
This subject imparts basics of nanotechnology, their importance and tools to characterise
nanostructures. The student are introduced to carbon nanotubes and few other nanostructured
materials and their applications.

1. Introduction 10
Moore’s law, silicon micro fabrication techniques such a photolithography/electron beam
lithography and their advantages and limitations, importance of nanotechnology and its
potential impacts, historical milestones in nanotechnology, prerequisites to make transition
into nanotechnology era, proposed futuristic applications in nanotechnology and current state
of the art.

2. Scanning Probe Microscopy 10

Tool for performing structural analysis at the nanometer scale and as a tool for
nanopositioning. Operating principle of Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM), Atomic
Force Microscope (AFM) and Scanning near Field Optical Microscope (SNFOM) and their
applications by drawing on practical research examples. Advantages and disadvantages of
SPM technique. Potentiality of SPM to overcome other complementary techniques.

3. Electron microscopy 7
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) -
applicability to characterize nanostructured materials.

4. Carbon Nanotubes 8
Types of carbon nanotubes such as single-walled and multi-walled nanotubes, fabrication,
physical and chemical properties, applications.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 52
5. Nanostructured materials 10
Liquid crystal templates: surfactants and their phase behaviour: formation of micelles and
liquid crystal phases, for use as nanoscale moulds for templating, electroplating of
nanostructured mesoporous films - physical properties of mesoporous nanostructured
materials and applications (current and potential).
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Mark A. Ratner and Daniel Ratner, “Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to the
Next Big Idea” Prentice Hall, 2003
2. Bandyopadhyay, A.K.,“ Nanomaterials”, New Age International Publishers, 1st
edition, 2007

References
1. Bamberg,D., Grundman, M. and Ledentsov,N.N.,“ Quantum Dot Heterostructures”,
Wiley, 1999
2. Chow, G.M. and Noskova,N.I. (eds.),“ Nanostructured Materials: Science and
Technology”, NATO Advanced Study Institute Series, 3. High Technology-Vol. 50,
Kluwer Publications, the Netherlands, 1998.
3. Jan Korvink and Andreas Greiner,“ Semiconductors for micro and nanotechnology:
an introduction for engineers Jan Korvink & Andreas Greiner”, Weinheim
Cambridge: Wiley-VCH, 2001
4. N John Dinardo,“ Nanoscale characterisation of surfaces & interfaces” , Weinheim
Cambridge: Wiley-VCH, 2000 2nd ed
5. G Timp (ed),“ Nanotechnology”, AIP press/Springer, 1999
6. Bhusan, Bharat (Ed),“ Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology”, 2nd edition, 2007

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 53
ML376 CORROSION AND SURFACE ENGINEERING 3003

Objective
The subject provides knowledge on various types of corrosion, their kinetics, testing and
methods of protection as well as introduction to tribology.

1. Introduction 12
Introduction tribology, surface degradation, wear and corrosion, types of wear, adhesive,
abrasive, oxidative, corrosive, erosive and fretting wear, roles of friction and lubrication-,
expressions for corrosion rate. emf and galvanic series - merits and demerits -Pourbaix
diagram for iron, magnesium and aluminium. Forms of corrosion - Uniform, pitting,
intergranular, stress corrosion. corrosion fatigue. dezincification. erosion corrosion, crevice
corrosion - Cause and remedial measures - Pilling Bedworth ratio - High temperature
oxidation.

2. Kinetics of Corrosion 8
Exchange current density, polarization - concentration, activation and resistance, Tafel
equation; passivity, electrochemical behaviour of active/passive metals, Flade potential,
theories of passivity, Effect of oxidising agents

3. Corrosion in Industries 8
Atmospheric, pitting, dealloying, stress corrosion cracking, intergranular corrosion, corrosion
fatigue, fretting corrosion and high temperature oxidation; causes and remedial measures,
Corrosion failure – Inspection and analysis of corrosion damage

4. Testing 8
Purpose of corrosion testing - Classification - Susceptibility tests for intergranular corrosion-
Stress corrosion test.salt spray test humidity and porosity tests, accelerated weathering tests.
ASTM standards for corrosion testing and tests for assessment of wear

5. Protection Methods 8
Electroless plating and Anodising - Cathodic protection, metallic, organic and inorganic
coatings, corrosion inhibitors - principles and practice - inhibitors for acidic neutral and other
media. Special surfacing processes - CVD and PVD processes, sputter coating. Laser and ion
implantation. Arc spray. plasma spray. Flame spray. HVOF.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Fontana and Greene. "Corrosion Engineering". McGraw Hill Book Co. New York.
USA 1986.
2. Raj Narayan. "An Introduction to Metallic Corrosion and its prevention", Oxford &
1BH, New Delhi,1983.

References
1. Kenneth G Budinski. "Surface Engineering for Wear Resistance". Prentice Hall Inc..
Engelwood Cliff., New Jersey. USA 1988
2. Uhlig. H.H. "Corrosion and Corrosion Control". John Wiley & Sons. New York.
USA. 1985.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 54
 3. ASM Metals Handbook. Vol.5. "Surface Engineering". ASM Metals Park. Ohio.
USA. 1994.
4. ASM Metals Handbook. Vol.l3,"Corrosion". ASM Metals Park. Ohio. USA. 1994

ML377 HEAT TREATMENT LABORATORY 0032

Objective
This laboratory course offers practical knowledge of heat treatment applicable to iron and
steel and studies microstructural changes and hardness evolution.

List of Experiments
1. Determination of grain size of low carbon steels
2. Annealing and normalising of carbon steels
3. Spheroidisation annealing of high carbon steels
4. Effect of quenching media on hardening of steel
5. Effect of tempering temperature and time on tempering of steel
6. Carburizing of steel
7. Case hardness depth measurements
8. Austempering treatment
9. Hardenability test (Grossman and/or Jominy)
10. Identification of defects in heat treated materials
11. Heat treatment of cast iron
12. Heat treatment of alloy steels
13. Heat treatment of non-ferrous alloys
14. Microstructure of heat treated steels

ML378 MATERIALS PROCESSING LABORATORY 0032

Objective
The students will learn to select an appropriate method and understand the process
parameters influencing material processing. The student’s theoretical knowledge gained from
powder metallurgy, polymer processing and heat treatments will guide them in understanding
materials processing.

The experiments aim at gaining an understanding the interrelationship between syntheses and
processing of materials on their structure and properties. Various types of processing like
casting, welding, coating, powder metallurgy and thermal treatment would be carried out on
suitable materials and these specimens would be subjected to microstructural and property
evaluation.

ML379 PRESENTATION SKILLS & TECHNICAL SEMINAR 0021

To enrich the communication skills of the student and presentations of technical topics of
interest, this course is introduced. In this course, a student has to present three Technical
papers or recent advances in engineering/technology that will be evaluated by a Committee
constituted by the Head of the Department.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 55
SEMESTER VI

ML381 BIO AND SMART MATERIALS 3003

Objective
The students are introduced to functional materials such as smart and bio materials in this
course.

1. Introduction 9
Intelligent / Smart materials – Functional materials – Polyfunctional materials – Structural
materials, Electrical materials, bio-compatible materials etc. – Intelligent biological materials
– Biomimetics – Wolff’s Law – Biocompatibility – Material response: swelling and leaching,
corrosion and dissolution, deformation and failure, friction and wear – host response: the
inflammatory process – coagulation and hemolysis – approaches to thrombo resistance
materials development.

2. Electro-rheological and Piezoelectric Smart Materials 9

The principal ingredients of smart materials –microsensors- hybrid smart materials - an
algorithm for systhesizing smart materials – active, passive reactive actuator based smart
structures- suspensions and electro-rheological fluids - Bingham body model – principal
characteristics of electro-rheological fluids – charge migration mechanism for the dispersed
phase – electro-rheological fluid domain – fluid actuators- design parameter – application of
Electo-rheological fluids – PZT – PVDF – PVDF film –properties of commercial
piezoelectric materials – properties of piezoelectric film.

3. Shape Memory (Alloys) Smart Materials 9

Nickel – Titanium alloy (Nitinol) – Materials characteristics of Nitinol –martensitic
transformations – austenitic transformations – thermoelastic martensitic transformations – cu
based SMA, chiral materials – applications of SMA – continuum applications of SMA
fastners – SMA fibers – reaction vessels, nuclear reactors, chemical plant, etc. – micro robot
actuated by SMA – SMA memorization process (Satellite Antenna Applications) SMA blood
clot filter – Impediments to applications of SMA – SMA plastics – Primary moulding –
secondary moulding – potential applications of SMA plastics.

4. Orthopaedic and Cardiovascular Materials 9

Bone composition and properties – temporary fixation devices – joint replacement –
biomaterials used in bone and joint replacement metals and alloys- blood clotting – blood
rheology – blood vessels – The heart – aorta and valves – geometry of blood circulation –
The lungs – vascular implants: vascular graft, cardiac valve prostheses, cardiac pacemakers –
blood substitutes – extracorporeal blood circulation devices.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 56
5. Dental and Other Materials 9
Tooth composition and mechanical properties – Fillings and restoration materials – Materials
for oral and maxillofacial surgery – detantal cements and dental amalgams – dental adhesives
– Biomaterials in opthalmology – tissue grafts - skin grafts – connective tissue grafts – tissue
adhesives – drug delivery methods and materials.

Total: 45
Text Books
1. Sujata V., Bhat.,“ Biomaterials”, Narosa Publication House, New Delhi, 2002
2. M. V. Gandhi and B. S. Thompson,“ Smart Materials and Structures”, Chapman and Hall,
London, First Edition, 1992.

References
1. Deurig,T.W., Melton,K.N, Stockel,D. and Wayman,C.M.,“ Engineering aspects of
Shapememory Alloys”, Butterworth – Heinemann, 1990.
2. Rogers,C.A., Smart Materials,“ Structures and Mathematical issues”, Technomic Publishing
Co., U.S.A, 1989.
3. Jonathn Black,“ Biological Performance of Materials: Fundamentals of biocompatibility”,
Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1992.
4. Williams, D.F. (editor), “Materials Science and Technology: A comprehensive treatment”,
Volume 14, Medical and Dental Materials, VCH Publishers Inc. New York, 1992.
5. Silver, F. and Doillon,C.,“ Biocompatibility: Interactions of Biological and implantable
materials”. Volume I - Polymers, VCH Publishers Inc. New York, 1989.
6. Hench, L.L. and Ethridge, E.C.,“ Biomaterials: An Interfacial Approach”, Academic Press,
1982.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 57
ML382 CREEP AND FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS 3104

Objective
The useful life of components are often limited by the fracture, fatigue and creep properties
of the materials used. The students study the fundamental processes leading to failure of
technical components.

1. Introduction 9
Strength of perfect crystal - Lattice resistance to dislocation movement – Elastic properties of
dislocation – Dislocation multiplication – Slip and twinning in crystalline solid.

2. High – Temperature Deformation Response 9

Creep Of Solids – Temperature stress – Strain rate relation- Deformation mechanism –Super
plasticity deformation mechanism maps – Extrapolation procedure for creep rupture data –
materials for elevated temperature rules.
.
3. Cyclic Stress and Strain Fatigue 9
Macrofractrography fatigue failures - cyclic stress and strain controlled fatigue - Fatigue life
estimation for notched components – Crack initiation mechanisms.

4. Fatigue Crack Propagation 9

Stress and crack lengths correlations with FCP – Fracture modes in Fatigue – Microscopic
fracture mechanisms – Crack growth behavior at ∆k extremes – Influences – Micro structural
aspects of FCP in metal alloys.

5. Analysis of Engineering Failures 9

Typical defects – Microscopic surface examination – metallographic and fractographic
examination – Component failure analysis – Fracture surface preservation – Cleaning and
replication techniques and image interpretation.
Total: 45+15 = 60
Textbooks
1. Richard. W. Hertzberg,“ Deformation and Fracture Mechanism of Engineering Materials”,
John Willey and Sons, 4th edition, 1996.
2. Anderson, T. L.,“ Fracture Mechanics: Fundamaentals and Applications”, CRC Press, 2 nd
edition, 1995

References
1. Courtney, T. H.,“ Mechanical Behaviour of Materials”, McGraw-Hill, 1990
2. Jones, D. R. H,“ Engineering Materials 3, Mateials Failure Analysis- Case Studies and
Design Implications”, Pergamon, 1993.
3. Hull & Bacon "Introduction to Dislocations", 3rd ed., Pergamon Press, 1984.
4. Frost & Ashby, "Deformation - Mechanism Maps", 1st ed., Pergamon Press, 1982.
5. Suresh, S.,“ Fatigue of Materials”, Cambridge University Press, 2 nd edition, 1998.
6. Cadek, J.,“ Creep in Metallic Materials”, Elsevier, 1988.
7. Ashok Saxena,“ Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics for Engineers”, CRC Press, 1998.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 58
ME473 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS 3104

OBJECTIVES
To introduce the concepts of Mathematical Modeling of Engineering Problems.
To appreciate the use of FEM to a range of Engineering Problems.

1. INTRODUCTION 9
Historical Background – Mathematical Modeling of field problems in Engineering –
Governing Equations – Discrete and continuous models – Boundary, Initial and Eigen Value
problems – Weighted Residual Methods – Variational Formulation of Boundary Value
Problems – Ritz Technique – Basic concepts of the Finite Element Method.

2. ONE-DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS 9
One Dimensional Second Order Equations – Discretization – Element types- Linear and
Higher order Elements – Derivation of Shape functions and Stiffness matrices and force
vectors. Assembly of Matrices solution of problems from solid mechanics and heat transfer.
Fourth Order Beam Equation – Transverse deflections and Natural frequencies of beams.

3. TWO DIMENSIONAL SCALAR VARIABLE PROBLEMS 9

Second Order 2D Equations involving Scalar Variable Functions – Variational formulation –
Finite Element formulation – Triangular elements – Shape functions and element matrices
and vectors. Application to Field Problems - Thermal problems – Torsion of Non circular
shafts – Quadrilateral elements – Higher Order Elements.

4. TWO DIMENSIONAL VECTOR VARIABLE PROBLEMS 9

Equations of elasticity – Plane stress, plane strain and axisymmetric problems – Body forces
and temperature effects – Stress calculations - Plate and shell elements.

5. ISOPARAMETRIC FORMULATION AND MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS 9

Natural co-ordinate systems – Isoparametric elements – Shape functions for isoparametric
elements – One and two dimensions – Serendipity elements – Numerical integration and
application to plane stress problems - Matrix solution techniques – Solutions Techniques to
Dynamic problems – Introduction to Analysis Software.
Tutorial: 15 Total: 60
Textbook
J. N. Reddy, “ Finite Element Method” Tata McGraw Hill, 2003.

References
1. Logan. D. L. “A first course in Finite Element Method”, Thomson Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2002.
2. Cook R. D., Malkus. D.S. Piesha, ME., “Concepts and Applications of Finite Element
Analysis”, John – Wiley Sons 2003.
3. S.S. Rao, “The Finite Element Method in Engineering “Butter worth Heinemann, 2001.
4. Chandrupatla and Belegundu, “Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering” Pearson
Education, PHI, 2003.
5. Seshu. P. “Textbook of Finite Element Analysis” Prentice Hall of India, 2003.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 59
ML383 COMPOSITE MATERIALS 3003

Objective
Composites are a relatively new class of materials. In this course the students learn
about the benefits gained when combining different materials into a composite.

1. Introduction to Composites 8
Fundamentals of composites - need for composites – enhancement of properties -
classification of composites – Matrix-Polymer matrix composites (PMC), Metal matrix
composites (MMC), Ceramic matrix composites (CMC) – Reinforcement – particle
reinforced composites, Fibre reinforced composites. Applications of various types of
composites.

2. Polymer Matrix Composites 12

Polymer matrix resins – thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins – reinforcement fibres –
rovings – woven fabrics – non woven random mats – various types of fibres. PMC processes
- hand lay up processes – spray up processes – compression moulding – reinforced reaction
injection moulding - resin transfer moulding – Pultrusion – Filament winding – Injection
moulding. Fibre reinforced plastics (FRP), glass fibre reinforced plastics (GRP).

3. Metal Matrix Composites 9

Characteristics of MMC, various types of metal matrix composites alloy vs. MMC,
advantages of MMC, limitations of MMC, Reinforcements – particles – fibres. Effect of
reinforcement - volume fraction – rule of mixtures. Processing of MMC – powder metallurgy
process - diffusion bonding – stir casting – squeeze casting.

4. Ceramic Matrix Composites 9

Engineering ceramic materials – properties – advantages – limitations – monolithic ceramics
- need for CMC – ceramic matrix - various types of ceramic matrix composites- oxide
ceramics – non oxide ceramics – aluminium oxide – silicon nitride – reinforcements –
particles- fibres- whiskers. Sintering - Hot pressing – Cold isostatic pressing (CIPing) – Hot
isostatic pressing (HIPing).

5. Advances in Composites 7
Carbon /carbon composites – advantages of carbon matrix – limitations of carbon matrix
carbon fibre – chemical vapour deposition of carbon on carbon fibre perform. Sol-gel
technique. Composites for aerospace applications.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Mathews F. L. and Rawlings R. D., “Composite Materials: Engineering and Science”,
Chapman and Hall, London, England, 1st edition, 1994.
2. Chawla K. K., “Composite materials”, Springer – Verlag, Second Edition, 1998.

References
1. Clyne, T. W. and Withers,P. J., “Introduction to Metal Matrix Composites”, Cambridge
University Press, 1993.
2. Strong,A.B., “Fundamentals of Composite Manufacturing”, SME, 1989.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 60
3. Sharma,S.C., “Composite materials”, Narosa Publications, 2000.
4. Broutman, L.J. and Krock,R.M., “ Modern Composite Materials”, Addison-Wesley, 1967

ME483 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT 3003

Objective

To provide a clear understanding of basic management principles that leads to corporate

building. Industrial Management deals with not only functions of management but also
organizational structure and dynamics and includes modern concepts of Industrial
Management

UNIT I - INTRODUCTION 9
Technology Management - Definition – Functions – Evolution of Modern Management –
Scientific Management Development of Management Thought. Approaches to the study of
Management, Forms of Organization – Individual Ownership – Partnership – Joint Stock
Companies – Co-operative Enterprises – Public Sector Undertakings, Corporate Frame Work
– Share Holders – Board of Directors – Committees – Chief Executive – Line and Functional
Managers, Constraints – Environmental – Financial – Legal – Trade Union–

UNIT II - FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT 9

Planning – Nature and Purpose – Objectives – Strategies – Policies and Planning Premises –
Decision Making – Organizing – Nature and Process – Premises – Departmentalization –
Line and staff – Decentralization – Organizational culture, Staffing - selection and training –
Placement – Performance appraisal – Career Strategy – Organizational Development.
Leading – Managing human factor – Leadership – Communication, Controlling - Process of
Controlling – Controlling techniques, productivity and operations management – Preventive
control, Industrial Safety.

UNIT III - ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR 9

Definition – Organization – Managerial Role and functions – Organizational approaches,
Individual behaviour – causes – Environmental Effect – Behaviour and Performance,
Perception – Organizational Implications. Personality – Contributing factors – Dimension –
Need Theories – Process Theories – Job Satisfaction, Learning and Behaviour – Learning
Curves, Work Design and approaches.

UNIT IV - GROUP DYNAMICS 9

Group Behaviour – Groups – Contributing factors – Group Norms, Communication – Process
– Barriers to communication – Effective communication, leadership – formal and informal
characteristics – Managerial Grid – Leadership styles – Group Decision Making – Leadership
Role in Group Decision, Group Conflicts – Types –Causes – Conflict Resolution – Inter
group relations and conflict, Organization centralization and decentralization – Formal and
informal – Organizational Structures – Organizational Change and Development – Change
Process – Resistance to Change – Culture and Ethics.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 61
UNIT V - MODERN CONCEPTS 9
Management by Objectives (MBO) –, Management by Exception (MBE), Strategic
Management - Planning for Future direction – SWOT Analysis – Evolving development
strategies, information technology in management – Decisions support system –Management
Games – Business Process Re-engineering(BPR) – Enterprises Resource Planning (ERP) –
Supply Chain Management (SCM) – Activity Based Management (ABM) – Global
Perspective - Principles and Steps – Advantages and disadvantages

Textbook
1. Herald Knottz and Heinz Weihrich, ‘Essentials of Management’, McGraw Hill Publishing
Company, Singapore International Edition, 1980.

References
1. S.Chandran, Organizational Behaviours, Vikas Publishing House Pvt.. Ltd, 1994
2. Ties, AF, Stoner and R.Edward Freeman, ‘Management’ Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New
Delhi 110011, 1992
3. Joseph J, Massie, ‘Essentials of Management’ Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 1985

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 62
ML384 COMPOSITE MATERIALS LABORATORY 0032

Objective
Students learn the fabrication processes of different composite materials and the mechanical
characterization of these materials.

List of experiments
1. Fabrication of Continuous Fiber reinforced Polymer Composites
2. Fabrication of Dis-continuous Fiber reinforced Polymer Composites
3. Tensile Testing
4. Flexural strength
5. Hardness testing
6. Impact testing
7. Environmental Testing (Humidity and temperature)

ML385 ADVANCED MATERIALS CHARACTERISATION LABORATORY 0 0 3 2

Objective
This laboratory gives practical exposure characterization techniques and teaches to interpret
results with knowledge gained from the theory subject on characterization of materials.

1. X-ray diffraction
Use of an X-ray diffractometer for precision determination of lattice parameters, comparison
of simple and complex diffraction patterns, and identification of an unknown structure with
the aid of a search/match program and database.

2. Scanning electron microscopy (imaging and local chemical analysis)

Use of a modern SEM/EDS system for imaging (SE, BSE) of several specimens and phase
identification in a multi-phase or composite material.

3. Metallography and Optical microscopy

Metallographic (materialographic) preparation of single phase materials for optical
microscopy, including quantitative image analysis of grain size, grain size distribution, and
twin fraction

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 63
SEMESTER VII

GE481 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT 3003

1. Genesis and Philosophy 9

Dimensions of Quality- Evolution -Quality Control -Quality Assurance -TQM -CWQC-
Definition of Quality Teachings of quality Gurns -Deming, crossby – Juran -Taguchi
-concepts -Role of Senior management -Quality council- Quality Statements TQM
implementation -Barriers to TQM Implementation

2. TQM Principles & Tools 10

Customer satisfaction -Customer Perception of Quality -Customer complaints -Feed back
methods -Service Quality -Customer Retentions Employee involvement -motivation -
Empowerment Recognition and Reward Teams -Types -Characteristics -Stages -common
problems Supplier partnership -partnering -sourcing -selection -Rating -Relationship
Development Performance measures -objective -Typical Managements- Strategy Quality
Tools -Simple seven tools -Types -Applications -Examples New Seven Tools -Types -
Application examples

3. Statistical and Other Tools 9

Statistical Quality Control -X,R,P and C charts -Construction and applications -problems
Statistical process control- capability index- difference between Cp and Cpk values -
Applications -problems Six sigma- Concept -Objectives -Principles of Implementation -six
sigma process Quality Function Deployment -Concept -House of Quality - Construction-
Examples -Problems -Benefits Failure mode effect Analysis - Concept -Methodology
-Examples -Problems

4. TQM Techniques 9
Total productive maintenance -Types of maintenance -TPM principles -Basic Steps -Six
major losses -Overall Equipment Effective -Problem -Autonomous work group -Activities
-Advantages Bench marking -concept -Bench marking process -examples -Applications
Continuous nprovement -PDCA -KAIZEN -Methodology -Examples Workplace
improvement -5S -Types -Advantages -Applications -hnplementation process JIT/KANBAN
-Concept -Examples- POKA YOKE -Concept -Examples

5. Quality Systems 8
Quality Circle -Definition -Structure -Methodology -Benefits Quality Systems -ISO 9000
2000 -Elements -Certification process - Documentations Quality manual Quality Auditing
-Example ISO 14000- Requirements - Benefits Other Quality Systems -QS 9000
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Dale H. Besterfiled, et at., Total Quality Management, Pearson Education. Asia,
1999 (Indian Reprint 2002)
2. James R. Evans & William M. Lidsay, The Management and Control of Quality,
(6th Edition), South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2004 (ISBN )-324-06680-5)

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 64
References
1. L. Suganthi Anand A Samuel Total Quality Management, Prentcie Hall of India,
2004
2. Jens J. Dahlgaard, Kai Kristensen, Gopal K. Kanji Fundamentals of Total Quality
Management Nelson Thornes Itd., 2004
3. Amitava Mitra, Fundamentals of Quality Control and Improvement, Pearson
Education Asian 2001
4. Narayana.V and Sreenivasan. N.S Total Quality Management-concepts and Tasks,
New Age International 1996.
5. Zeiri. Total Quality Management for Engineers, wood Head Publishers 1991. 6.
Feigenbaum .A.V. Total Quality Management, McGraw Hill, 1991
6. Oakland.J .S Total Quality Management Butterworth -Hcinemann Limited Oxford
1989.

ML471 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 3104

Objectives
Computer applications have become important to solve, approximate, interpret and visualize
problems in Materials Science. After reviewing the mathematical foundation, applications in
Materials Science are introduced.

1. Solutions of Equations and Interpolation 9

Roots of equations – Methods of bisection and false position – Newton-Raphson method –
Simultaneous equations – Gauss elimination – Gauss Jordan method - Newton’s and
Langrange’s interpolation methods.
Application for the fitting and interpolation of experimental data in Materials Science

2. Partial Differential Equations 9

Type of equations – Elliptic equations – Laplace’s equation – Hyperbolic equations – Wave
equations – The Lax method – Eulerian and Lagrangian methods - Parabolic Equations –
Diffusion – The Dufort-Frankel Method – Conservative methods – The Equation of
continuity – The Diffusion equations – Applications in diffusion and mass transport in
materials.

3. Monte Carlo Methods and Simulation 9

Monte Carlo – Random Number Generators – Monte-Carlo Integration – The Metropolis
Algorithm – Thermodynamic Averages – Quantum Monte-Carlo – Molecular Dynamics –
General Principles. Monte Carlo Method for simulating nucleation and growth of grains in
materials.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 65
4. Matrix Algebra 9
Introduction – types of matrix– simple matrix problems – elliptic equations – Poisson’s
equation – systems of equations and matrix inversion – Exact Methods – Iterative Methods -
The Jacobi Method – The Gauss-Seidel Method – Matrix Eigenvalue Problems –
Schrödinger’s equation – Full and Partial Diagonalisation - Sturm Sequence.
Study of anisotropy in materials.

5. Selected Applications in Materials Science 9

Modeling and property prediction applications.
Total: 45 + 15 = 60
Textbooks
1. Venkatraman, M.K.,“ Numerical Methods in Science and Engineering”, National Publishing
Company, Madras, 1996.
2. Sastry, S. S.,“ Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis”, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 1992.
References
1. Samuel S M Wong,“ Computational Methods in Physics and Engineering”, 2nd Edition
2. Wilkinson J H,“ The Algebraic Eigenvalue Problem”, Clarendon Press Oxford, 1964.
3. Chandra. S.,“Computer Applications in Physics: with Fortran, Basic and C”, Narosa
Publications 2 nd edition, 2006
4. Brenner, D. W.,“ Computer Applications in Materials Science and Engineering”, John Wiley
& Sons, 2007
5. Julian, Maureen M.,“Foundations of crystallography with computer applications”, CRC, 1st
edition, 2008
6. Ghosh Dastidar, P. S., “Computer Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer”, Tata McGraw
Hill, New Delhi, 1998

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 66
ML472 NON DESTRUCTIVE MATERIALS EVALUATION 3003

Objective
Study the most important Non Destructive Evaluation and Testing methods, theory and their
industrial application.

1. Introduction to Non Destructive Testing 7

Overview of the Non Destructive Testing Methods for the detection of manufacturing defects
as well as material characterisation. Comparison of advantages and limitations of different
NDT methods. Visual inspection

2. Surface NDT, Liquid Penetrant (LT), Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) 8

LT: Physical Principals, Penetrant Systems, Applications.
MT: Magnetisation methods, evaluation of results.

3. Thermography and Eddy Current Testing (ET) 10

Active and Passive Thermography, Application in flaw detection.
ET: Principles, permeability and conductivity, Testing for defects, material characterisation
and sorting

4. Ultrasonic Testing (UT) and Acoustic Emission (AE) 10

Principle, Transducers, transmission and pulse-echo method, straight beam and angle beam,
instrumentation, data representation, A/Scan, B-scan, C-scan. Phased Array Ultrasound, Time
of Flight Diffraction.

5. Radiography (RT) 10
Principle, interaction of X-Ray with matter, imaging, film and film less techniques,
Computed Radiography, Computed Tomography

Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Prakash Ravi,“ Nondestructive Testing Techniques”, New Age International Publishers, 1st
edition, 2007
2. Baldev Raj, B. Venkataraman, D. J. Varde, Nerulikar, “Practical Magnetic Particle
Testingv”, Narosa Publishing House, 2007

References
1. Paul E Mix,“ Introduction to nondestructive testing : a training guide”, Wiley, 2nd edition
New Jersey, 2005
2. Charles, J. Hellier,“ Handbook of nondestructive evaluation”, McGraw Hill, New York 2001.
3. ASNT, American Society for Non Destructive Testing, Columbus, Ohio, NDT Handbook,
Vol. 1, Leak Testing, Vol. 2, Liquid Penetrant Testing, Vol. 3, Infrared and Thermal Testing
Vol. 4, Radiographic Testing, Vol. 5, Electromagnetic Testing, Vol. 6, Acoustic Emission
Testing, Vol. 7, Ultrasonic Testing

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 67
ML473 WELDING METALLURGY 3003

Objective
Students study the process of joining by welding in detail. Welding is one of the most
important fabrication process in industry and requires both theoretical understanding and
experience of materials used in industry.

1. Welding Metallurgy Principles 9

Thermal cycles in welding: basic heat transfer equations, temperature distributions
and cooling curves, dependence of cooling rate on heat input, joint geometry, preheat
and other factors. Comparison of welding processes based on these considerations.

2. Physical Metallurgy of Welding 9

Welding of ferrous materials: Iron - carbon diagram, TTT and CCT diagrams, effects of steel
composition, formation of different microstructural zones in welded plain-carbon steels.
Welding of C-Mn and low-alloy steels, phase transformations in weld and heat - affected
zones, cold cracking, role of hydrogen and carbon equivalent, formation of acicular ferrite
and effect on weld metal toughness.

3. Welding of Alloy Steels 9

Welding of stainless steels, types of stainless steels, overview of joining ferritic and
martensitic types, welding of austenitic stainless steels, hot cracking, sigma phase and
chromium carbide formation, ways of overcoming these difficulties, welding of cast iron.

4. Welding of Non-Ferrous Metals 9

Welding of non-ferrous materials: Joining of aluminium, copper, nickel and titanium alloys,
problems encountered and solutions.

5. Defects and Weldability 9

Defects in welded joints: Defects such as arc strike, porosity, undercut, slag entrapment and
hot cracking, causes and remedies in each case. Joining of dissimilar materials, testing of
weldability.

Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Linnert. G. E. “Welding Metallurgy”. Vol. 1 and 2. 4th edition. A W S. USA, 1994.
2. Lancaster J. F. “Metallurgy of Welding”, 4th Londre: George Allen & Unwin.1987.

References
1. Saferian D. “The Metallurgy of Welding”. Chapman and Hall, UK, 1985.
2. “AWS Welding Hand book”, 8th edition, Vol-1,“Welding Technology”, 1998.
3. Sindo Kuo,“ Welding Metallurgy”, John Wiley & Sons, 2003
4. Henry Granjon,“ Fundamentals of Wleding Metallurgy”, Abington Pub, 1991
5. Robert W. Messler,“ Principles of Welding: Processes, Physiocs, Chemistry, and
Metallurgy”, Wiley, 1999.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 68
ME474 Computer Aided Simulation and Analysis Laboratory 0031

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

A. Simulation
1. MATLAB basics, Dealing with matrices, Graphing-Functions of one variable and two
variables
2. Response of an under damped single degree of freedom system to initial excitations
3. Response of single degree freedom system to harmonic and pulse excitations
4. Frequency response plots for a two degree of freedom system
5. Solution of the Eigen value problems by Finite element method
6. Modeling of bus suspension system using Transfer functions
7. Vibration controller design

Analysis (Simple Treatment only)

1. Stress analysis of a plate with a circular hole.
2. Stress analysis of rectangular L bracket
3. Stress analysis of plane strain problems
4. Stress analysis of an axi-symmetric components
5. Stress analysis of beams (Cantilever, Simply supported, Fixed ends)
6. Mode frequency analysis of a 2 D component
7. Mode frequency analysis of beams (Cantilever, Simply supported, Fixed ends)
8. Harmonic analysis of a 2D component
9. Transient analysis of spring mass system
10. Spectrum analysis of spring mass system
11. Thermal stress analysis of a axisymmetric component
12. Conductive heat transfer analysis of a 2D component
13. Convective heat transfer analysis of a 2D component
TOTAL 45

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 69
ML474 COMPREHENSION 0021

The objective of this comprehension is to achieve an understanding of the fundamentals of

contemporary manufacturing systems including materials, manufacturing process, product
and process control and quality assurance. The students work in groups and solve a variety of
problems given to them. The problems given to the students should be of real life industrial
problems selected by a group of faculty members of the concerned department. A minimum
of three small problems have to be solved by each group of students. The evaluation is based
on continuous assessment by a group of Faculty Members constituted by the professor in –
charge of the course.
TOTAL 45

ML475 MATERIALS DESIGN PROJECT 0042

Objective
The main objective is to impart hands on training to the students in the fabrication of one or
more component of a complete working model, which has been designed by them. The
transfer of concepts studied in the Materials Science Programme to a practical application is
important.
Students get familiarized in the field of material synthesis or processing, metal joining or
casting or forming, or mechanical behaviour of materials or material characterization or
material testing and analysis. The project can also focus on the selection and optimization of
materials in design of on a purely material oriented project such as the development and
characterization of an alloy.
The students may be grouped in small groups and work under a project supervisor. The
components to be fabricated may be decided in consultation with the supervisor and if
possible with an industry. A project report to be submitted by the group, which will be
evaluated by a Committee which will be constituted by the Head of the Department

ML476 INDUSTRIAL/ FIELD TRAINING 0001

Objective
This course is mandatory to gain exposure to applications in industry.

The students have to undergo practical industrial training for four weeks (during vacation at
the end of VI semester) in recognised industrial establishments. At the end of the training
they have to submit a report with following information:

1. Profile of the Industry

2. Product range
3. Organisation structure
4. Plant layout
5. Processes/Machines/Equipment/devices
6. Personnel welfare schemes
7. Details of the training undergo
8. Projects undertaken during the training, if any
9. Learning points.
End Semester examination will be a Viva-Voce Examination.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 70
SEMESTER VIII

ML481 PROJECT WORK 0 0 12 6

Objective
In the project work the students demonstrate their ability to apply knowledge studied during
the course. Students show their ability to collect information from literature, design, perform
and interpret experiments. The successful project work is documented in a formal project
report and technical presentation.

A project topic must be selected either from published lists or the students themselves may
propose suitable topics in consultation with their guides. The aim of the project work is to
deepen comprehension of the principles by applying them to a new problem which may be
the design and manufacture of a device, a research investigation, a computer or management
project or design problem. The problem may be selected in areas of material synthesis or
processing, material characterization, material joining, metal forming or casting or
mechanical behaviour of materials or material testing and analysis.

The progress of the project is evaluated based on a minimum of three reviews. The review
committee may be constituted by the Head of the Department.

A project report is required at the end of the semester. The project work is evaluated jointly
by external and internal examiners constituted by the Head of the Department based on oral
presentation and the project report.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 71
ELECTIVES

ML501 METALLURGY OF TOOL MATERIALS 3003

Objective
Tooling materials require special considerations in production and application. Students will
learn the metallurgical processes and applications in producing toolings.

1. Classification and Manufacture of Tool Steels 8

Classification - AISI system, production techniques – problems in melting - powder
metallurgy route, Refining methods like VAR and ESR - forming of tool steels.

2. Heat Treatment of Tool Steels 10

Spheroidising – selection of quenching and tempering parameters – precautions - Effect of
retained austenite - Multiple tempering, sub-zero treatment and cryo treatment - surface
treatments - defects in tool steels - Over heated and burnt structures - Decarburisation.

3. Properties and Testing of Tool Steels 10

Mechanical propertiess of tool steels, strength, hardness and toughness – properties at
elevated temperature – microstructure - distribution of carbides - coating thickness – micro
hardness – adhesion and scratch resistance

4. Advanced Tool Materials 10

Sintered tungsten carbide tools - ISO classification – Uses of P, M and K grades – cermet –
ceramics, mixed and reinforced grades – cubic boron nitride – poly crystalline diamond –
manufacturing techniques – properties

5. Surface Treatments And Coatings 7

Sulphidising of tool steels – TiN coating by PVD – coating of carbide tools – mono and multi
layer coatings of TiC, TiN, Alumina and DLC by PVD and CVD processes - selection of tool
materials

Total: 45

Textbook
Payson, Peter, “Metallurgy of Tool Steels”, John Wiley and Sons, New York,
1962.

References
1. Robert Wilson, “Metallurgy and Heat Treatment of Tool Steels”, McGraw-Hill, New York,
1975
2. Roberts, Haymaker and Johnson, “Tool Steels”, 3rd edition, ASM, 1962.
3. Joseph R. Davis,“ Tool Materials”, ASM International, 1995

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 72
ML502 PHYSICAL METALLURGY OF FERROUS AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS
3003

Objectives
Students of Materials Science and Engineering are offered an in depth study of the physical
metallurgy of ferrous and aluminium alloys.

1. Phase Transformation 8
Basics of diffusion mechanisms.

2. Diffusion Controlled Phase Transformation 10

Nucleation and growth - Types of nucleation - Concept of free energy during solidification -
Thermodynamics of homogeneous nucleation - critical nucleus size and critical free energy
change - constitutional supercooling - Extension to heterogeneous nucleation - Nucleation
rate and growth rate - overall transformation rate. Concept of Activation energy - Arrhenius
equation - Johnson Mehl - Avrami equation. Pearlitic transformations.

3. Diffusionless Transformations 10
Martensite transformation - Definition - characteristic features of Martensitic transformation
in steels - morphology of Martensite - lath and acicular martensite - Crystallography of
martensitic transformation - Martensite in non-ferrous systems - Thermoelastic martensite -
Shape Memory effect - Examples and applications of shape memory alloys.

4. Precipitation Reactions 7
Precipitation from solid solutions, thermodynamic considerations, structure and property
during ageing, sequence of ageing, formation of G-P zones and intermediate precipitates,
theories of precipitation hardening, effect of time, temperature and alloy compositions,
precipitation free zones, crystallographic aspects of transformation, coarsening kinetics.

5. Annealing 8
Cold working and hot working. Recovery - polygonization and dislocation movements in
polygonization. Recrystallisation - effect of time, temperature, strain and other variables,
mechanism of nucleation and growth. Grain growth – Grain growth law, geometrical
collisions, preferred orientation, secondary recrystallisation.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Raghavan. V., “Phase Transformations”, Prentice - Hall of India, New Delhi, 2007.
2. Romesh C. Sharma, “Phase transformation in Materials”, CBS Publishers & Distributors,
New Delhi, 2002.
References
1. Reed Hill. R. E. “Physical Metallurgy Principles”, Affiliated East West Press. New Delhi.
1992.
2. Thomas H Courtney, “Mechanical Behaviour of Materials”, McGraw-Hill Co., NY. 1990.
3. George E. Totten and D. Scott MacKenzie,“ Handbook of Aluminum: Vol. 1: Physical
Metallurgy and Processes”, CRC; 1 edition, 2003.
4. Anil Sinha,“ Physical Metallurgy Handbook”, McGraw-Hill Professional; 1 edition, 2002.
5. William F. Hosford,“ Physical Metallurgy, materials Engineering series”, Vol. 26, Taylor &
Francis CRC Press, 2005

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 73
ML503 AUTOMOTIVE MATERIALS 3003

Objective
The students study the processes and special requirements of the Automotive Industry.

1. Properties of Materials 10
Technologically important properties of materials, Physical, Chemical, Mechanical and
Electrical properties of metals, Criteria of selection of materials like properties, cost,
manufacturing process, availability, legal and safety factors.

2. Materials for Corrosion And Wear Resistance 8

Materials for atmospheric, soil, water, acid and alkaline resistance, Corrosion prevention
coatings, material for Chemical and Petroleum industries, materials and coatings for wear
resistance.

3. Materials for High and Low Temperatures 8

High temperature strength and stability, Hot hardness requirements, High temperature steels
and super alloys, ductile to brittle transition-HSLA steel, low temperature materials.

4. Materials for Automotive Industry 10

Materials for engine components, cylinder block, head, Liner, piston, ring, pin, connecting
rod, crank shaft, exhaust, cam shaft, rocker arm and tappet, etc. Materials for chasis

5. New Materials 9
New Materials and processes, Recycling requirements.
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Gladius Lewis, “Selection of Engineering Materials", Prentice Hall Inc. New Jersey USA,
1995.
2. Charles J A and Crane. F A. A., “Selection and Use of Engineering Materials”, 3rd Edition,
Butterworths, London UK, 1996.

References
1. James A. Jacobs, Thomas F. Kilduff., “Engineering Materials Technology: Structure,
Processing, Properties & Selection”, Prentice Hall, USA, 1996.
2. ASM Handbook, "Selection of Materials Vol. 1 and 2", ASM Metals Park, Ohio. USA, 1991.
3. Daniel P. Henkel, Alan Pense., “Structure and Properties of Engineering Materials”, 5th edn.,
McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, USA, 2001.
4. ASM Handbook. “Materials Selection and Design”, Vol. 20- ASM Metals Park Ohio. USA,
1997.
5. Murthy, V. S. R., Jena, A. K., Gupta, K. P. and Murthy, G. S., “Structure and Properties of
Engineering Materials”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2003.
6. Cantor,“ Automotive Engineering: Lightweight, Functional, and Novel Materials”, Taylor &
Francis Group, London, 2006

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 74
ML504 BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS 3003

Objective
Students are learning medical and biomedical applications of materials. Biocompatibility

1. BIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF MATERIALS 9

Biofunctionality and biocompatibility - material response - deformation and failure -friction
and wear -Host response-Inflammatory process-capsule formation - coagulationand
hemolysis - approach to thromboresistant material development- chemical and foreign body
carcinogenesis.

2. ORTHOPAEDIC MATERIALS 9
Materials for bone and joint replacement-cemented and cementless total joint replacement-
metals and alloys; stainless steel, cobalt based alloys, titanium based materials -ceramics -
bioinert ceramics -carbon, alumina, zircona and titania -bioactive ceramics -bioactive glass
and glass ceramics, calcium phosphate ceramics - polymers, grouting materials –
PMMA bone cement, articulating component–UHMWPE -composites, matrix and filler
components - mechanical properties.

3. DENTAL AND CARDIOVASCULAR MATERIALS 9

Dental restorative materials - dental cements – zinc oxide and phosphate cements -
Dental composite materials - polymer/ceramic composites –composite component,
polymerization, properties – glass isomer cements-cement components; setting reaction,
structure and properties – dental amalgams: composition, microstructure, physical properties
and degradation process -cardiovascular prostheses: vascular -graft materials, cardiac valve
Prostheses, cardiac assist devices and cardiac pacemakers.

4. ARTIFICIAL ORGANS AND OTHER MATERIALS 9

Artificial kidney and urological prostheses ~Blood-gas exchangers - artificial pancreas -
structure and use of collagen -material for skin and nerve regeneration -collagen/GAG
graftcopolymers -tissue adhesives-fibrin and cyanoacryllc tissue adhesives-materials for
Ophthalmology - contact lens and intraocular lens materials-materials for drug delivery.

5. MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES 9

Electron microscopic methods - SEM, TEM, spectroscopic methods -IR; visible, UV and x-
ray methods, differential thermal analysis, differential thermogravimetric analysis,
NDTmethods.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Sujata V., Bhat.,“ Biomaterials”, Narosa Publication House, New Delhi, 2002
2. Ratner, B.D, Hoffman,A. S., Sckoen,F.J. and Emons, J.E.L. (Eds),“ Biomaterials Science, An
Introduction to Materials in Medicine”, Academic Press, second edition, 2004

References
1. Jonathan Black,“ Biological Performance of materials, Fundamentals of Biocompatibility”,
Marcel Dekker Ind., New, York, 1992.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 75
 2. Williams, D.F., (editor),“ Material Science and Technology -A comprehensive treatment”,
Vol. 14, Medical and Dental Materials, VCH Publishers Inc.; New York, 1992
3. Davis, J.R.,“ Handbook of Materials for Medical Devices”, ASM international, 2003

ML505 CERAMICS AND REFACTORY MATERIALS 3003

Objective
In this course the structure and properties of ceramics, classes and refractory materials is
studied in detail.

1. Fundamentals 9
Ceramic crystal structures. NaCl, CsCl, Al2O3 Phase diagram SiO2 – K2O – Al2O3.
Classifications by application (density, porosity), composition (oxides, carbides, nitrides),
properties

2. Raw materials and Characterization 9

Mineralogy, Phase analysis, powder classification

3. Glass 9
Silica-soda-lime glasses. Structure, composition, raw materials, furnaces, melting reactions,
production routes, Products (flat, containers), optical glass, optical fibers

4. Ceramics 9
Requirements of tool materials-properties of HSS - advances in tool materials- carbides and
coated carbides, ceramic, cermets, CBN, Diamond, PCD - ISO-specifications for inserts and
tool holders - -Need for chip breakers – types of chip breakers

5. Advanced Ceramics 9
Applications in structural (ICE, gas turbines, cutting tools), bioceramics (implants), electrical
(insulators, substrates, piezoceramics), ceramic coatings (thermal barriers), nuclear (cermets),
process (filters, catalyst)
Total: 45
Textbook
Kingery, W. D., H. K. Bowen and D. R. Uhlmann,“ Introduction to Ceramics”, 2nd
Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1976.

References
1. Barsoum,“ Fundamentals of Ceramics”, CRC Press, 1997.
2. Yet-Ming Chiang, Dunbar P Birnie and W David Kingery,“ Physical ceramics: principles for
ceramic science and engineering”, NY: John Wiley, 1997
3. Kumar, S. (editor) "Hand Book of Ceramics" Vol. 1 - 4; Kumar & Associates, Calcutta, India,
1994

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 76
ML506 Electron Microscopy and Diffraction Analysis of Materials 3003

Objective
The study of microstructure and microscopic properties are important tools for the
understanding of material behaviour. This course covers, crystal structure, X-Ray methods
and spectroscopy as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy.

1. Crstallography 7
Symmetry elements, operations – translational symmetries – point groups – space groups –
close packed structures – voids – important crystal structures – defects in crystals –
polymorphism and twinning – polarizing microscope and uses.

2. Diffraction and Characteristics X-rays 9

X-ray generation, properties – sealed tube, rotating anode, synchrotron radiation – absorption
– filters and monochromators. Atomic scattering factor. Fourier transformation and structure
factor – anomalous dispersion – Bragg’s law – reciprocal lattice concept – Laue conditions –
Ewald and limiting spheres – diffraction symmetry.

3. Single Crystal Diffraction 10

Laue, rotation / oscillation methods – interpretation of diffraction patterns – cell parameter
determination – indexing – Powder diffraction: Debye method – uses. Single crystal X-ray
diffractometer – double crystal X-ray diffractometer – Triple and four crystal X-ray
diffractometer. X-ray topography – Neutron diffraction.

4. Spectroscopy 9
Principles and instrumentation for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger Electron
spectroscopy (AES) and Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIJMS) – proton induced X-ray
Emission spectroscopy (PIXE)

5. Optical Methods and Electron Microscopy 10

Principles of SEM – instrumentation and working of SEM – Transmission Electron
Microscope (TEM) – Scanning transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) – principles,
instrumentation and working of Atomic force microscope (AFM) – Photoluminescence –
time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Lawrence E. Murr,“ Electron and ion microscopy and microanalysis principles and
applications”, Marcel Dekker Inc. New York 1991
2. Cullity, B. D.,“Elements of x-ray diffraction”, Addison-Wesley Company Inc., New York,
3rd Edition, 2000

References
1. Belk, J. A,“ Electron microscopy and microanalysis of crystalline materials”, Appled Science
Publishers, London, 1979
2. Azaroff, L. V.,“ Elements of X-ray Crystallography”, McGraw –Hill NY, 1968

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 77
ML507 MODELING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS ENGINEERING

3003

Objective
Modeling and simulation are important tools in understanding physical effects in many
technological applications. This course should enable students to use standard packages for
modeling and simulation applicable to Materials Science and Engineering.

1. Introduction to Modeling and Mathematical Concepts 9

Mathematical modeling, physical simulation, advantages and limitations - Review of
differential equations, numerical methods, introduction to FEM, FDM- Governing differential
equations of elastic, plastic deformation, fluid flow and heat transfer – basic steps in FEM

2. One Dimensional Problems 9

Classical Techniques in FEM – Weighted residual method – Galarkin and Ritz method –
Coordinates and shape functions- Potential energy approach –– Assembly of stiffness matrix
and load vector – Finite element equations – Quadratic shape functions – Applications to
elastic deformation of bar, plane trusses and beam – steady state heat transfer.

3. Two Dimensional And Axisymmetric Continuum 10

Triangular and quadrilateral elements – Natural co-ordinates – Isoparametric formulation- 2D
shape functions - Element stiffness matrix – Force vector – Solution procedure, Gaussian
elimination and Cholskey decomposition techniques - Axisymmetric formulation - Boundary
conditions – Applications in 2D elastic deformation and heat transfer problems.

4. Software Packages 10
Introduction to standard software packages – General purpose FEA packages such as
ANSYS, ABAQUS, NASTRAN etc. – Special purpose packages such as DEFORM,
OPTIFORM, ProCAST, etc. - Applications of FEA in simulation of sheet metal and bulk
forming, solidification of casting and weldment, Concepts of coupled analysis

5. Computer Applications In Physical Metallurgy 7

Use of computers for the construction of phase diagrams, Features of CALPHAD – Expert
system for alloy design and selection of materials – computer applications in crystallography.
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Reddy J. N., “An Introduction to Finite Element Method”, McGraw-Hill International
Student Edition, 1985.
2. AMIE, “Modeling of casting and welding process”, Volume I & II, the Metallurgical society
of AMIE, 1981&1983.
References
1. Piwonoka T.S., Vollen V., Katgerman l., “Modeling of Casting, Welding, and Advanced
Solidification Process”, 4th edition, TMS-AIME, USA, 1993
2. Stocks G.M., Turchi P.E.A., “Alloy Modeling and Design”, the Metals Society, AMIE, USA,
1994.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 78
 3. Trivedi R., Sekhar J.A., Majumudar J., “Principles of Solidification and Material
Processing”, Volume I&II, Oxford and IBH, New Delhi, 1989.
4. Cerjak H., “Mathematical Modeling of Weld Phenomenon-2”, The Institute of Materials,
1995.
5. O.C.Zienkiewicz and R.L.Taylor, “The Finite Element Methods, Vol.1. The basic
formulation and linear problems”, Vol.1, Butterworth Heineman, 5th Edition, 2000.

MA 502 NUMERICAL METHODS 3104

1. SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS 9

Linear interpolation methods (method of false position) – Newton’s method – Statement of
Fixed Point Theorem – Fixed point iteration: x = g(x) method – Solution of linear system by
Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordon methods- Iterative methods: Gauss Jacobi and Gauss-
Seidel methods- Inverse of a matrix by Gauss Jordon method – Eigenvalue of a matrix by
power method and Jacobi’s method.

2. INTERPOLATIONS AND APPROXIMATION 9

Lagrangian Polynomials – Divided differences – Interpolating with a cubic spline – Newton’s
forward and backward difference formulas.

3. NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 9

Derivatives from difference tables – Divided differences and finite differences –
Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s 1/3 and 3/8 rules – Two and
Three point Gaussian quadrature formulas – Double integrals using trapezoidal and
Simpson’s rules.

4. INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS9

Single step methods: Taylor series method – Euler and modified Euler methods – Fourth
order Runge – Kutta method for solving first and second order equations – Multistep
methods: Milne’s and Adam’s predictor and corrector methods.

5. BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9
Finite difference solutions of second order ordinary differential equation – Finite difference
solution of one-dimensional heat equation by explicit and implicit methods – One-
dimensional wave equation and two-dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations.
L + T: 45 + 15 = 60
Textbooks
1. Gerald, C.F, and Wheatley, P.O, “Applied Numerical Analysis”, Sixth Edition, Pearson
Education Asia, New Delhi, 2002.
2. Balagurusamy, E., “Numerical Methods”, Tata McGraw Hill Pub.Co.Ltd, New Delhi, 1999.
3. Grewal, B.S. and Grewal, J.S., “Numerical methods in Engineering and Science”, 6th Edition,
Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2002.

References
1. Kandasamy, P., Thilagavathy, K. and Gunavathy, K., “Numerical Methods”, S.Chand Co.
Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 79
 2. Burden, R.L and Faires, T.D., “Numerical Analysis”, Seventh Edition, Thomson Asia Pvt.
Ltd., Singapore, 2002.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 80
ML508 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN MACHINING 3003

Objectives
Students should master the foundation and applications of experimental mechanics which is
important for all machining operations.

1. Introduction 9
Tool materials – high carbons steel – stellite sintered carbides – ceramics – DM-HSS tools
carbide tools – Diamond – tool life estimation tool wear – machinability

2. Tool Wear Evaluation 10

Profile projector- optical section microscope surface layer – Single pan balance – Isotope
selection and manufacture – Beta – Gamma radiation in carbide and HSS tools – Auto
radiographic studies – Micro Isotopes for tool wear.

3. Techniques for Studying Composition and Structure 10

Electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA) – Scanning micro analyser, secondary ion emission
micro analyzer – Auger electron spectrography (AES). X-ray diffraction – crystallite size –
evaluation of residual stresses - work hardening by sub-surface metallurgy.

4. Measurement of Cutting Force and Dynamometers 8

Forces involved in machining mechanical – hydraulic and electrical dynamometers –
amplifiers and recorders measurement of forces in drilling – dynamometer for milling –
dampers for dynamometer.

5. Analysis of Experiment Data 8

Parametric modeling of data – identification with extrapolation – Implicit parameters –
Inverse theory for ill conditioned problems – regularization of forms – relocation of data into
a grid pattern.
Total: 45
Textbook
Venkatesh, V. C. and Chandrasekaran, A., “Experimental techniques in metal Cutting”,
Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1987.

References
1. Gardiner,W. P. and Gettingby, G, “Experimental Techniques in Statistical Practice”,
Horwood publishing Manchester – 1998.
2. Warren Richard DeVries,“ Analysis of Materials Removal Processes”, Springer, 1992

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 81
ML509 FUELS, FURNACES AND REFACTORIES 3003

Objective
Many industries require process heat in the production and treatment of materials. This
course teaches fundamentals and applications of fuels, furnaces sand refractories.

1. Fundamentals 9
Thermal Energy, conversion. Heat Transfer, conduction, radiation, convection.
Thermoelectric effect. thermocouples, Peltier effect. Temperature measurement.

2. Fuels 9
Thermal Energy conversion. Fossil fuels, availability, deposits, calorific content. Nuclear
Fuels, Solar and geothermal heating.

3. Furnaces 9
Firing, electric Resistance, Radiation, Induction. Temperature control - PID. Multi zone
furnaces. Batch and tunnel furnaces.

4. Refractories 9
Heat resistant materials in steel making and non ferrous production plants. Applications in the
power, energy conversion, petroleum and chemical industries.

5. Advanced Issues 9
Energy and Environment, Environmental optimization, Recycling of thermal energy.
Emissions control.
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Gupta. O. P., “Elements of Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories”, 4th edition, Khanna
Publishers, New Delhi, 2000.
2. Nandi,D.N., “Handbook on Refractories”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1987.

References
1. Yeshvant V Deshmukh,“ Industrial Heating: Principles, Techniques, Materials, Applications,
and Design”, CRC Press, 2005
2. Gilchrist, J.D.,“ Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories”, Pergamon Press, 1977.
3. Nandi, D.N., "Handboork on Refractories" Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New
Delhi, India.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 82
ML510 EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS 3003

Objectives
After studying stress and strain in the core mechanical subjects, this elective should train the
students to apply practical methods of experimental stress analysis.

1. Introduction 7

Basic Equations and plane elasticity theory – plane elastic problems - plane strain approach –
plane stress – Airy’s stress function – in cartesian co-ordinate. Two dimensional.

2. Brittle Coating Methods 7

Coating stresses – Failure theories. Brittle coating crack patterns – direct load – Defrigeration
Techniques. Brittle – coating crack patterns produced by releasing the load, double crack
pattern – crack detection.

3. Photo Elasticity Methods 8

Stress optic law in two dimensions at normal incidence – Effect of stress model in a plane
polariscope - Circular polariscope (Dark field – light field) – Fringe multiplication by
photographic methods. Holography

4. Strain Measurements 12
Definition of strain and its relation to experimental determinations – Basic characteristic of
strain gage – Moire method – Grid method of strain analysis. Electrical resistance strain
gages, gage construction – temperature compensation gage sensitivities and cage factor –
semi conductor strain gages – Delta rosette.

5. Strain gage Circuits 11

Potentiometer and its applications to strain measurement - range and sensitivity of
potentiometer circuit – Temperature compensation – Load effects on the potentiometer
circuits – Wheat stone bridge – Null –balance bridge – Criteria for circuit selection.

Total: 45

Textbooks
1. James W. Dally and Willan F. Riley, “ Experimental Stress Analysis”, 4th edition, College
House Enterprise, 2005

References
1. James F. Doyle, “Modern Experimental stress analysis: Completing the solution of partially
specified problems”, John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2004.
2. Dally, Riley, and McConnell,“ Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements”, Wiley &
Sons, 1984
3. Wieringa, H.,“ Experimental Stress Analysis”, Springer, 1986.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 83
ME513 INDUSTRIAL TRIBOLOGY 3003

1. SURFACES AND FRICTION 9

Topography of Engineering surfaces- Contact between surfaces - Sources of sliding Friction
– Adhesion-Ploughing- Energy dissipation mechanisms Friction Characteristics of metals -
Friction of non metals. Friction of lamellar solids - friction of Ceramic materials and
polymers - Rolling Friction - Source of Rolling Friction – Stick slip motion - Measurement of
Friction.

2. WEAR 9
Types of wear - Simple theory of Sliding Wear Mechanism of sliding wear of metals -
Abrasive wear – Materials for Adhesive and Abrasive wear situations - Corrosive wear -
Surface Fatigue wear situations - Brittle Fracture - wear - Wear of Ceramics and Polymers -
Wear Measurements.

3. LUBRICANTS AND LUBRICATION TYPES 9

Types and properties of Lubricants - Testing methods - Hydrodynamic Lubrication – Elasto-
hydrodynamic lubrication- Boundary Lubrication - Solid Lubrication- Hydrostatic
Lubrication.

4. FILM LUBRICATION THEORY 9

Fluid film in simple shear - Viscous flow between very close parallel plates - Shear stress
variation Reynolds Equation for film Lubrication - High speed unloaded journal bearings -
Loaded journal bearings – Reaction torque on the bearings - Virtual Co-efficient of friction -
The Sommerfield diagram.

5. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS FOR BEARINGS 9

Surface modifications - Transformation Hardening, surface fusion - Thermo chemical
processes – Surface coatings - Plating and anodizing - Fusion Processes - Vapour Phase
processes - Materials for rolling Element bearings - Materials for fluid film bearings -
Materials for marginally lubricated and dry bearings.
Total: 45
Textbook
A. Harnoy “ Bearing Design in Machinery “Marcel Dekker Inc,NewYork,2003

References
1. M. M. Khonsari & E. R. Booser, “ Applied Tribology”, John Willey &Sons,New York,2001
2. E. P. Bowden and Tabor.D., " Friction and Lubrication ", Heinemann EducationalBooks Ltd.,
1974.
3. A. Cameron, "Basic Lubrication theory", Longman, U.K.., 1981.
4. M. J. Neale (Editor), "Tribology Handbook", Newnes. Butter worth, Heinemann, U.K., 1995.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 84
ML511 MICRO AND NANOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS3 0 0 3

Objectives
Many materials have different properties on a micro and nano scale as compared to bulk
material. This differenc and special properties only relevant to nano scale material are
elaborated on in this course and should be mastered by the students.

1. Introduction 5
Overview of the composition, structure, chemical and mechanical properties of surfaces and
how these properties affect mechanical and tribological properties of surfaces.

2. Micromechanics 5
Multiscale interactions between surfaces; fractal nature of surface topography; interfacial
forces, adhesion, and principles of micromechanics; techniques for surface characterization.

3. Deformation mechanisms 15
Stress and strain of material; Elastic deformation: Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, stress-
strain relation, stiffness/compliance matrix; Dislocations: Edge/screw/mixed dislocation,
burgers vectors, twining, stress field of dislocation, dislocation interaction; Plastic
deformation of single and polycrystalline materials: Schmid’s law, plastic flow; Inelastic
deformation: Viscosity, deformation of inorganic glasses, deformation of nanocrystalline and
crystalline polymers; Mechanical fracture: ductile and brittle facture, creep, fatigue;

4. Testing methods 5
Various Testing methods - Experimental determination of Mechanical Properties –Types of
Hardness testing of Metals and Strength of Metals, Polymers, Ceramics and Composites.

5. Nanomechanical Properties 10
Determination of surface mechanical properties (AFM/nanoindentation), simple friction
theories - effects of surface composition and structure on friction, environmental and
temperature effects, relationship with surface chemistry, mixed and boundary lubrication,
failure mechanisms
Total: 45

References
1. Ashby M. F. and Jones DRH (1998) Engineering Materials 1, An Introduction to Their
Properties and Applications, Second Edition. Butter worth Heinemann.
2. Bharat Bhushan (ed.) Handbook of Nanotechnology, Springer, 2004.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 85
ML512 ALLOY CASTING PROCESSES 3003

Objective
The casting of metals is the focus of this course and covers not only steels, but also light
metals like Magnesium and Aluminium. The casting of Zinc and Copper alloys is also treated
in detail.

1. Magnesium Alloys 8
Introduction to different types of Magnesium alloys – Process for Manufacturing Magnesium
alloys – Production considerations – Die casting consideration – die life productivity –
applications of Magnesium alloy cast parts.

2. Aluminium Alloys 10
Introduction to different types of Aluminium alloys – Process for Manufacturing Aluminium
alloys - Production considerations – die life – productivity – applications of Aluminium Cast
Parts.

3. Alloy Steels 10
Introduction to different types of Alloy steels – process for manufacturing alloy steels –
production considerations – productivity – applications of alloy cast parts.

4. Zinc Alloys 8
Introduction to different types of Zinc alloys – process for manufacturing Zinc alloys –
production considerations – Die casting considerations – die life – productivity – applications
of Zinc alloys cast parts.

5. Copper Alloys 9
Introduction to different types of copper alloys. Process for manufacturing copper alloys
production considerations. Die casting considerations – die life – productivity – applications
of copper alloys cast parts.
` Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Jain, P. L., “Principles of Foundry Technology”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1994.
2. Heine, R. W, Loper, C. R. and Rosenthal, “Principles of Metal Casting”, Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi, 1995.

References
1. ASM Hand Book Vol.5 Casting, ASM International, 1998
2. Ramana Rao, T. V., “Metal Casting Principles and Practice”, 1st edition, New Age
International, 1996.
3. Houldcorft, P. T.,“ Welding process technology”, Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 86
ML513 ROLLING AND FORGING TECHNOLOGY 3003

Objectives
This course deals with the bulk forming processes in rolling and forging operations. Students
should learn the foundations to be able to apply this knowledge in industrial environments.

1. Bulk and Deformation Process 9

Characteristics – applications of Bulk Deformation Process, Deformation mechanics –
Material requirements – Friction in bulk deformation, environmental factors.

2. Rolling Process 9
Types of rolling – Advantages and applications – Hot rolling – cold rolling – Equipment
based – Mechanics of flat rolling – roll pressure distribution – roll forces and power – effect
of friction – vibration and chatter in rolling.

3. Special Rolling Process 9

Shape rolling – Thread and gear rolling – tube rolling – rotary tube piercing – cold
swaging – defects in rolling.

4. Hot Forging Process 9

Types of forging – forging operations – Equipments used – Hydraulic, Mechanical and screw
press – drop hammers – Press characteristics – Force and Work of deformation – deformation
zone geometry – forging cylindrical work piece – forces and power – staging making typical
forged comparts – die material.

5. Cold Forging 9
Advantages and application – forgability of materials test – upsetting and hot twist test –
Material for Cold forging – Special forming process – Precision forging – Cold heading –
Hubbing – Warm forging.
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Dieter, G. E., “Mechanical Metallurgy”, McGraw-Hill Co., SI Edition, 1995.
2. Nagpal, G. R., “Metal Forming Processes”, Khanna Pub., New Delhi,2000.

References
1. Kalpakjain and Scheroid, “Manufacturing Processes for engineering materials”, Pearson
education, 4th edition, 2003
2. Altar, Nagile and Sher,“ Cold and Hot forging”, Materials Park, Ohio, 2005.
3. Roy A. Lindberg,“ Processes and Materials of Manufacture”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.
2003.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 87
MN521 MICRO-MACHINING PROCESSES 3003

Objective
Students learn about micro machining which is important in small mechanical and
electronic devices.
1. Introduction 8
Introduction to micro system design. Material properties, micro fabrication technologies,
structural behavior, sensing methods, fluid flow, micro scale transport, noise, amplifiers
feedback systems.

2. Basic Micro- Fabrication and Machining 10

Bulk Processes - Surface Processes - Sacrificial Processes and Bonding Processes Micro-
machining processes for Microsystems – Tool for micro fabrication Micro-machining based
on conventional machining processes - Special machining Laser beam micro machining -
Electrical Discharge Machining - Ultrasonic Machining- Electro chemical Machining.
Electron beam Machining.

3. Micromechanics 9
Microstructure of materials, its connection to molecular structure and its consequences on
macroscopic properties- Phase transformations in crystalline solids including martensite,
ferroelectric, and diffusional phase transformations, twinning and domain patterns, active
materials..

4. Integration 9
Process Integration – CMOS transistor fabrication – bipolar Technology – multi level
metallization, MEMS process integration processing on Non - Si substrates

5. Electrical Manufacturing 9
Clean room – yield model – wafer IC manufacturing – feature micro fabrication technologies
– PSM – IC industry – New Materials – Bonding and layer transfer - devices – micro
fabrication industries
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Sami Franssile, “Introduction to Micro Fabrication”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., UK, 2004
2. Mahalik, N. P,“ Micromachining and Nanotechnology”, New Age International Publishers,
1st edition, 2007

References
1. Madore Mar J., “Fundamental of Micro Fabrication”, CRC Press, 2002
2. Robert W Johnstone and Ash Parmaswaran, “An Introduction to Surface-micromachining”,
Springer, 1st edition, 2004.
3. Rai Choudhury, P., “ Handbook of Microlithography, Micromachining, and
Microfabrication”. Volume 2: Micromachining and Microfabrication, SPIE-International
Society for Optical Engine, 1997.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 88
ML514 LASER PROCESSING OF MATERIALS 3003

Objectives
Students are to be trained in modern laser processing methods that include machining and
cutting, but also a way of localized heat treatment not available with conventional ways of
introducing heat in a metal.

1. Laser Systems 9
Laser beam characteristics – laser principles – High power lasers for materials applications –
principles and working of CO2, Nd:YAG and Excimer laser – Optics for irradiation

2. Thermal process in Interaction zones 9

Laser Materials processing parameters – conduction and convection – Analytical models in
one dimensional heat flow – depth of irradiation with respect to energy density – reflectivity
of material with respect to wave length – rate of heating, cooling and temperature gradient.

3. Laser Metallurgy 9
Laser surface treatment – transformation hardening - rapid quenching – Methods to obtain
desired penetration depths – Laser surface alloying – Laser surface cladding – shock
hardening – advantages of laser surface treatment – industrial applications- Experimental set
up.

4. Laser Cutting and Drilling 9

Laser instrumentation for cutting and drilling – cut quality and process characteristics –
methods of cutting – practical performance – process variations – industrial applications of
Laser cutting and drilling.

5. Laser Welding 9
Process mechanisms (Key hole and Plasmas) – operating characteristics – process variations
– imperfections- industrial applications –recent developments
Total: 45

Textbook
Wilson J., Hawkes J. F. B.,“ Opto electronics – An introduction”, Prentice Hall of India
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1996.

References
1. John C. Ion,“ Laser Processing of Engineering Materials”, Elsevier Butter Worth-
Heinemann, Burlington, 2005.
2. Steen W. M.,“Laser Materials Processing”, Springer Verlag,3 rd edition U.K., 2003.
3. Rykalin, Ugloo A., Kokona A.,“Laser and Electron Beam Material Processing” ,Hand Book,
MIR Publishers, 1987
4. Reddy J. F.,“ High power laser applications”, Academic Press, 1977.
5. Duley W. W.,“ Laser Processing and Analysis of Materials”; Plenum Press, New York, 1983.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 89
ML515 CRYOGENIC TREATMENT OF MATERIALS 3003

Objective
Students are to study and become familiar with this very specialized form of material
treatment at low temperature.

1. Introduction 9
Insight on Cryogenics-Basics, Properties of Cryogenic fluids, Liquefaction Cycles - Carnot
Liquefaction Cycle, F.O.M. and Yield of Liquefaction Cycles. Inversion Curve – Joule
Thomson Effect. Linde Hampson Cycle, Precooled Linde Hampson Cycle, Claude Cycle,
Dual Cycle.

2. Cryocoolers 9
Cryocooler requirement- Space based communication, Surveillance Imaging, Military
applications, Impact of regenerative materials on cooler performance, Impact of materials
properties on cryocooler performance-Materials used, Thermal Properties, Electrical
Properties, and Mechanical properties.

3. Cryogenic Processing 9
Historical Development of Cryogenic Treatment, Cryogenic for Ferrous Metals, Need for
cryogenic treatment, Types of low temperature treatment and processors, Benefits of
cryogenic treatment-Wear resistance, Stress Relieving, Mechanism for cryogenic treatment,
Characterization of cryogenically processed materials.

4. Materials Engineering 9
Trends and advances in cryogenic materials, History and applications of nonmetallic
materials, Understanding properties and fabrication processes of superconducting Nb3Sn
wires, High temperature superconductors.

5. Applications 9
Applications of Cryogenics in Space Programs, Superconductivity, Medical applications,
Food Preservation-Individual Quick Freezing.
Total : 45
Textbooks
Randall F. Barron,“ Cryogenic Systems”, McGraw-Hill, 1985.

References
1. William E. Bryson,“ Cryogenics”, H Anser Gardner Publications,1999.
2. Klaus D. Timmerhaus and Richard P. Reed,“ Cryogenic Engineering”, Springer, 2007.
3. Scott R. B.,“ Cryogenic Engineering”, Van Nostrand and Co., 1962.
4. Jha, A.R.,“ Cryogenic Technology and Applications”, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2006

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 90
ML516 MATERIALS HANDLING SYSTEM 3003

Objective
This course is practically oriented for the needs of industry. Students are to master materials
handling systems for flow, transport and assembly operations in production lines.

1. Plant Layout and Material Handling Principle 9

Plant Layout: Need for layout planning, Layout objectives and Determinants, Types of
Layout, Computer Aided Plant Layout Planning: CRAFT, ALDEP, and CORELAP.
Material Handling objective, benefits of better handling, relationship between layout and
material handling, principles of Material Handling, Unit load concept, Material Handling
Types, Equipment selection and Applications.

2. Mechanized Assembly 9
Principles and operating characteristics of part feeders such as vibratory bowl feeder,
Reciprocating tube hopper feeder, Centrifugal hopper feeder, Center board hopper feeder,
Orientation of parts : In bowl and out bowl tooling, different types of Escapement, Transfer
Systems and Indexing Mechanism.

3. Material Transport and Storage System 9

Industrial trucks: non powered and powered industrial trucks, AGVS : Types, Vehicle
guidance technology, traffic and safety, Monorail and other rail guided vehicles, types of
cranes, hoists and elevators.

4. Conveyors Types and Storage System 9

Belt conveyors, Slat conveyors, Gravity conveyors, Apron, escalators, pneumatic conveyors,
screw conveyors, vibrating conveyor, Analysis of material transport system.
Automated Storage system, AS/RS System, Carousel storage system, WIP storage system.

5. Packaging and Economic Analysis of Material Handling Equipments 9

Packaging: Functions, materials, palletizing, packaging equipments.Economic Analysis of
material handling equipment: Factors in material handling selection, break event analysis,
equipment operating cost per unit distance, work volume analysis – illustrative problems,
productivity / indicator ratios.
Total: 45

Textbooks
1. Jon R. Immer,“Material Handling”, Mc-Graw Hill Company, 1950
2. Sharma, S. C.,“Materials Management and Material Handling ” Khanna Publishers.

References
1. Apple, J. M.,“ Plant Layout and material handling system design”, John Wiley & Sons, 1995.
2. Francis, L. R. and White J. A.,“Facility Layout and Location: An analytical approach”,
Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J, 1998
3. Alexandrov, M. P.,“ Material Handling Equipment”, MIR Publishers, Moscow, 1981.
4. Rudenko. N,“ Material Handling Equipment”, MIR Publishers, 1981
5. Tompkins, J. and White, J. A.,“Facilities Planning”, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 91
ML517 PRINCIPLES OF METAL CUTTING 3003

Objective
Students are tolearn about metal cutting operations from the theoretical and practical
perspective.

1. Cutting Tool Nomenclature 9

Single point tool-significance of the various angles - Machine reference system- normal toll
reference system- ORS – interrelation between different tool nomenclatures - Nomenclature
of drills, milling cutters and broaches

2. Chip Formation Mechanism and Forces in Machining 10

Orthogonal and oblique cutting - Mechanisms of formation of chips-types of chips
-Merchant's circle diagram-Force and Velocity relationship, shear plane angle, Energy
considerations in matching-Ernst Merchant’s theory of shear angle relationship - Forces in
turning, drilling, milling and grinding- specific cutting pressure-specific horse power-
construction and principle of operation of tool dynamometers for turning, drilling and
milling.

3. Thermal Aspects in Machining, Tool Wear and Tool Life 10

Sources of heat generation in machining heat in PSDZ and SDZ – heat flow in cutting tools
temperature measurement techniques in machining, Functions of cutting fluid -
characteristics of cutting fluid-types - application of cutting fluids - Tool wear, type of tool
failure - mechanisms, tool life equation- tool life analysis - machinability - chatter in
machining.

4. Cutting Tool Materials 8

Requirements of tool materials-properties of HSS - advances in tool materials- carbides and
coated carbides, ceramic, cermets, CBN, Diamond, PCD - ISO-specifications for inserts and
tool holders - -Need for chip breakers – types of chip breakers

5. Modeling of Metal Cutting 8

Introduction to modeling – empirical models – mechanistic models – FEA based models –
artificial intelligence based models for turning, milling and drilling
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Kuppuswamy, G., “Principals of Metal Cutting”, Universities Press Limited, Hyderabad,
1996.
2. Bhattacharya, "Metal Cutting Theory and Practice ", Central Book Publishers, Calcutta, 1984.

References
1. Edward M. Trent and Paul K. Wright “Metal Cutting” Butterworth-Heinemann; 4th edition
2000.
2. Boothroyd, G., "Fundamentals of Metal Machining and Machine Tools", McGraw-Hill Co.,
1975.
3. Sadasiavm, T.A. and Sarathy, D., “Cutting tools for productive machining” WIDIA India
limited, Bangalore, 1999.
4. Milton C. Shaw,“ Metal Cutting Principles”, Oxford University Press, 2nd edition 2004

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 92
GE381 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING 3003

1. Engineering Ethics 9
Senses of 'Engineering Ethics' -Variety of moral issues -Types of inquiry -Moral dilemmas -
Moral Autonomy -Kohlberg's theory -Gilligan's theory -Consensus and Controversy
-Professions and Professionalism -Professional Ideals and Virtues -Uses of Ethical Theories

2. Engineering as Social Experimentation 9

Engineering as Experimentation -Engineers as responsible Experiments - Codes of Ethics
-Industrial Standards -A Balanced Outlook on Law -The Challenger Case Study

3. Engineer's Responsibility for Safety 9

Safety and Risk -Assessment of Safety and Risk -Risk Benefit Analysis -Reducing Risk -The
Government Regulator's Approach to Risk –Cheronbyl Case Studies and Bhopal

4. Responsibilities and Rights 9

Collegiality and Loyalty -Respect for Authority -Collective Bargaining - Confidentiality
-Conflicts of Interest -Occupational Crime -Professional Rights - Employee Rights
-Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) -Discrimination

5. Global Issues 9
Multinational Corporations -Business Ethics -Environmental Ethics -Computer Ethics
-Weapons Development -Engineers as Managers -Consulting Engineers -Engineers as Expert
Witnesses and Advisors -Moral Leadership -Sample Code of Conduct
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, "Ethics in Engineering", McGraw Hill. New York
2005.
2. Govindarajan. M, Natarajan. S & Senthilkumar. V, “Professional Ethics in Engineering”,
PHI, 2004.

References
1. Charles D Fleddermann, "Engineering Ethics", Prentice Hall, New Mexico, 1999.
2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, "Engineering Ethics Concepts
and Cases", Thompson Learning, 2000.
3. The Economist, "Business Ethics -Facing Up To The Issues", Viva Books Private Limited,
New Delhi. 2004.
4. Chakraborty S K, "Values and Ethics for Organizations -Theory and Practice", Oxford India
Paperbacks, 1998
5. Chakraborty S K, ":Ethics in Management - Vedantic Perspectives, Oxford India Paperbacks,
1996
6. David Emlann and Michele S Shauf, "Computers, Ethics and Society", Oxford University
Press, 2003
7. Deborah G Johnson, "Computer Ethics", Pearson Education, 2001
8. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, "Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and
Engineers", Oxford University Press, 2001
9. John R Boatright, "Ethics and the Conduct of Business", Pearson Education, 2003

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 93
ML518 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN 3003

Objective
Study CAD and its application for drafting, modeling and as a basis for FEM analysis

1. Introduction 6
Product Cycle – Design process – CAD Hardware – Mainframe, Mini Workstation, Micro
computer Based systems, Input and Output Devices – Software – Operating System,
Geometric Modeling capabilities – Hardware Integration and Networking.

2. Computer Graphics 10
Two dimensional transformations – Transformation of Straight Lines- Rotation – Reflection
–Scaling – Combined Transformations – Translations and homogeneous co-ordinates – Three
dimensional transformations – Scaling – Rotation – Reflection – Translation – Projections –
Orthographic and Isometric Projections – Clipping – Hidden Line/Surface Removal.

3. Geometric Model 10
Geometrical Modeling – wire frame models – entities – surface models- entities- solid
models –Entities – Boundary Representation (B-Rep)- Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG ) –
Sweep and Analytical Solid Modeling.

4. CAD Standards 7
Graphical Kernel System(GKS), Programmers Hierarchical Interface for Graphics(PHIGS),
Initial Graphics Exchange Specification(IGES), Standard for Exchange of product Model
Data( STEP), Drawing Exchange Format(DXF), Dimensional Measurement Interface
Specification(DMIS) – Introduction to Drafting and Modeling Systems.

5. Finite Element Analysis 12

Introduction – procedures – Element types – Nodal approximation – Element matrices,
vectors and equations – Global connectivity – Assembly – Boundary conditions – Solutions
techniques – Interfaces to CAD – Introduction to packages. Case Studies - Applications.

Textbooks
1. D. F. Rogers and J. A. Adams,” Mathematical Elements in Computer Graphics”, McGraw –
Hill Book Company, NewYork, 1976.
2. Ibrahim Zeid, “ CAD –CAM Theory and Practice”, Tata McGraw HillPublishing Co. Ltd.,
1991.
References
1. P. Radhakrishnan and C.P Kothandaraman,” Computer Graphics and Design”, Dhanpat Rai
and Sons, NewDelhi, 1991.
2. E. Dieter George,”Engineering Design”, McGraw – Hill International Edition, 1991.
3. P. Radhakrishnan and S. Subramanyan,” CAD/CAM/CIM”, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Age
International Ltd., 1994.
4. Groover and Zimmers,” CAD/CAM: Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing”, Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi, 1994.
5. V. Ramamurthi, ”Computer Aided Mechanical Design and Analysis”, Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Co Ltd., 1998.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 94
ML519 POLYMER RHEOLOGY 3003

Objective
Students have studied the fundamentals of plastics from the point of structure and properties.
In this course the rheological aspects of production should be understood in detail.

1. Introduction to Polymer Rheology 9

Rheology- Classification of fluid behaviour – Elastic , viscous and viscoelastic – Newtonian
and non-newtonian fluids – Pseudo plastic and dilatant fluids – Stress, strain – Rate of
strain/shear – Relation between them – Viscosity of Polymer Systems – MFI.

2. Principles of Polymer Rheology 9

Rheological systems – Plasticity – Elastic behaviour – Stress strain curves – Viscoelastic
behaviour of polymer melts – Bingham plastic fluids – Viscoplastic fluids – Thixotropic &
Rheopectic – Viscoelastic fluids – Weissenberg effect – Die swell

3. Factors Influencing Polymer Rheology 9

Physical factors – Effect of Temperature – Pressure – Shear rate – Shear stress – Shear
induced crystallization – Molecular Parameters – Molecular weight – MWD – Concentration
– Crosslinking – Crystallinity – Copolymerization – Grafting – Branching- Blending -Fillers
– Plasticizers – Ionic Polymers.

4. Rheometry and Testing Methods 9

Rheological measurements – Capillary viscometer – Rotary rheometer – Cone & Plate (C-P),
Plate-Plate (P-P) and concentric cylindrical viscometer – Static and Dynamic Tests –
Mechanical models of viscoelastic systems – Maxwell & VOIGT Kelvin – Polymer
Viscoelasticity.

5. Rheology in Plastics and Rubber Processing 9

Rheology of two roll mill & calendar – Internal mixer – Extrusion – Rubber extruders –
Vented & Co-extrusion – Moulding & Forming operations – Injection, Compression, Blow,
Film Blowing, Sheet Extrusion – Melt flow through dies – Die well – Melt fracture.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Gupta, B. K., “Applied Rheology in Polymer Processing”, Asian Books Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi
2005.

References
1. Faith A. Morrison,“ Understanding Rheology”, Oxford University Press, 2001
2. Bird,R.B., Stewart,W.E. and Lightfoot, E.N. (BSL),“ Transport Phenomena”, John Wiley &
Sons: New York, 1960.
3. Ferry, J.D., “ Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 1980.
4. Bird, R.B., Armstrong, R.C. and Hassager,O., “Dynamics of Polymer Liquids, Volume 1:
Fluid Mechanics”, Wiley: New York, 1987

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 95
ML520 FRACTURE MECHANICS & FAILURE ANALYSIS 3003

Objective
After completion of this course, students should have been understood causes of fracture and
failure on the basis of fracture mechanics.

1. Elements of Solid Mechanics 5

The geometry of stress and strain, elastic deformation, plastic and elasto-plastic deformation -
limit analysis.

2. Stationary Crack under Static Loading 10

Two dimensional elastic fields – Analytical solutions yielding near a crack front – Irwin’s
approximation - plastic zone size – Dugdaale model – J integral and its relation to crack
opening displacement.

3. Energy balance and crack growth 8

Griffith analysis – Linear Fracture Mechanics-Crack Opening displacement – Dynamic
energy balance – crack arrest.

4. Fatigue crack growth curve 10

Empirical Relation describing crack growth by fatigue – Life calculations for a given load
amplitude – effects of changing the load spectrum – Effects of Environment.

5. Elements of Applied Fracture Mechanics 12

Examples of crack-growth Analysis for cyclic loading - leak before break – crack Initiation
under large scale yielding – Thickness as a Design parameter – crack instability in Thermal
or Residual – stress fields.
Total: 45
Textbook
1. Norman E. Dowling,“ Mechanical Behavior of Materials”, 2nd Edition, Prentice-Hall 1999.

References
1. David Broek, ”Elementary Engineering Fracture Mechanics“, Fifthoff and Noerdhoff
International Publisher, 1978.
2. Kare Hellan,“Introduction of Fracture Mechanics”, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1985.
3. Preshant Kumar, “Elements of Fracture Mechanics”, Wheeler Publishing, 1999.
4. Suresh, S.,“ Fatigue of Materials”, Cambridge University Press, 2 nd edition, 1998.
5. Ashok Saxena,“ Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics for Engineers”, CRC Press, 1998.
6. Schive, Jaap,“ Fatigue of Structures and Materials”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 96
ME516 COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS 3003

Objective
(1) To introduce numerical modeling & its role in the field of heat transfer and fluid flow.
(2) To enable the students to understand the various discretization methods and solving
methodogies.
(3) To create confidence to solve complex problems in the field of heat transfer and fluid
dynamics by using high speed computers.

1. GOVERNING EQUATIONS AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS 9

Basics of computational fluid dynamics – Governing equations of fluid dynamics –
Continuity, Momentum and Energy equations – Chemical species transport – Physical
boundary conditions – Time-averaged equations for Turbulent Flow – Turbulence – Kinetic –
Energy Equations – Mathematical behaviour of PDEs on CFD Elliptic, Parabolic and
Hyperbolic equations.

2. DISCRETIZATION AND SOLUTION METHODOLOGIES 9

Methods of Deriving the Discretization Equations – Taylor Series formulation – Finite
difference method – Control volume Formulation – Spectral method. Solution
methodologies: Direct and iterative methods, Thomas algorithm, Relaxation method,
Alternating Direction Implicit method.

3. HEAT CONDUCTION 9
Finite difference and finite volume formulation of steady/transient one-dimensional
conduction equation, Source term linearization, Incorporating boundary conditions, Finite
volume formulations for two and three dimensional conduction problems.

4. CONVECTION AND DIFFUSION 9

Finite volume formulation of steady one-dimensional convection and Diffusion problems,
Central, upwind, hybrid, and power-law schemes – Discretization equations for two
dimensional convection and diffusion.

5. CALCULATION OF FLOW FIELD 9

Representation of the pressure – Gradient term and continuity equation – Staggered grid –
Momentum equations – Pressure and velocity corrections – Pressure – Correction equation,
SIMPLE algorithm and its variants. Turbulence models, mixing length model, Two equation
(k -ε) models – High and low Reynolds number model.
Total: 45
Textbooks
1. Versteeg, H. K., and Malalasekera, W., An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics:
The Finite Volume Method, Longman, 1998.
2. Ghoshdastidar, P. S., Computer Simulation of flow and heat transfer, Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Company Ltd., 1998.

References
1. Patankar, S.V., Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, McGraw-Hill, 1989, Ane-Books
2004 Indian Edition.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 97
 2. Muralidhar, K., and Sundarajan, T., Computational Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer, Narosa
Publishing House, New Delhi, 1995.
3. Bose, T.K., Numerical Fluid Dynamics, Narosa Publishing House, 1997.
4. Muralidhar, K., and Biswas, Advanced Engineering Fluid Mechanics, Narosa Publishing
House, New Delhi, 1996.
5. Anderson, J.D., Computational Fluid Dynamics – the basics with applications, 1995.

IE481 DESIGN OF INDUSTRIAL EXPERIEMENTS 3003

Objective
Students are to lean and understand the factors in designing meaningful experiments.

1. INTRODUCTION 5
Review of hypothesis testing – p value, “t” Vs Paired “t”- Planning of experiments – Steps –
Need. Terminology: Factors, levels, variables, experimental error, replication,
Randomisation, Blocking, Confounding.

2. SINGLE FACTOR EXPERIEMENTS 10

ANOVA rationale - Sum of squares – Completely randomized design, Randomized block
design, effect of coding, Comparison of treatment means – Newman Kuel’s test, Duncan’s
Multiple Range test, Latin Square Design.

3. FACTORAL EXPERIMENTS: 10
Main and interaction effects – Rules of EMS Calculations – Two and three Factor full
factorial Designs, 2k deigns with Two and Three factors- Yate’s Algorithm. Practical
applications.

4. SPECIAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS 10

Confounding, nested, Fractional factorial designs, Introduction to Response Surface Methods.

5. TAGUCHI TECHNIQUES 10
Fundamentals of Taguchi methods, Quality Loss function, Orthogonal designs, application to
Process and Parameter design.
Total: 45

Textbook
1. D. C. Montgomery, Design and Analysis of Experiments, John Wiley and Sons, 1997.

Refernces
1. C. R. Hicks, Fundamental concepts in the Design of Experiments, Holt, Rinehort and
Winston, 1984.
2. Tapan P. Bagchi, Taguchi Methods explained, PHI, 1993.
3. Philip J. Ross, Taguchi Techniques for quality Engineering, Prentice Hall, 1989.
4. Paul D. Berger, Robert E. Maurer, Experimental Design, Thomson Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2002.

Materials Science and Engineering, BE 2004 Regulation, Anna University Chennai -02.04.2008 Page 98