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Chemical Bonds

This document discusses types of chemical bonds including ionic bonds, polar covalent bonds, and nonpolar covalent bonds. Ionic bonds form between atoms with a large electronegativity difference of 1.9 or greater, allowing one atom to take an electron from the other. Polar covalent bonds, like those in HF, occur when there is some difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. Nonpolar covalent bonds, such as in H2, form between atoms with identical electronegativities so electron sharing is equal. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons and increases with higher electron affinity.

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Albert Chon
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29 views2 pages

Chemical Bonds

This document discusses types of chemical bonds including ionic bonds, polar covalent bonds, and nonpolar covalent bonds. Ionic bonds form between atoms with a large electronegativity difference of 1.9 or greater, allowing one atom to take an electron from the other. Polar covalent bonds, like those in HF, occur when there is some difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. Nonpolar covalent bonds, such as in H2, form between atoms with identical electronegativities so electron sharing is equal. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons and increases with higher electron affinity.

Uploaded by

Albert Chon
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemistry 20 IB

Chemical Bonding

1. Types of Chemical Bonds Bonds are electrostatic forces that hold groups of atoms together and make them function as a unit. Atoms bond so that the system can achieve the lowest possible energy. Energy is always released when bonds form! Energy is required to break a bond! Formation of NaCl Favorable ionization energy and high electron affinity!

Formation of H2

Achievement of optimal bond length! Formation of HF

Unequal electron sharing! HF is an example of a polar covalent bond:

H---F
+ H2 would therefore be nonpolar! There is a difference in electronegativity! Electronegativity is the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself in a covalent bond. Elements that have high electron affinities should have high electronegativities. Which is the highest? What is the trend? An essential truth: An electronegativity difference between two atoms of 1.9 or greater indicates an ionic bond; less that 1.9 is covalent. Is water polar or nonpolar? Carbon dioxide? Oxygen? Questions: p.406,#19,25 Review: http://ca.youtube.com/watch?v=tSG4R4YZUW8

619-5644

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