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MY 3210 Materials Characterization II: Phase Diagrams and Microstructure

This document discusses phase diagrams and microstructural development in binary alloy systems. It covers different types of binary phase diagrams including complete solid solution, eutectic, eutectoid, and peritectic diagrams. Examples of each type are given such as the Cu-Ni, Al-Si, Fe-C, and Al2O3-SiO2 systems. Microstructural development during slow and accelerated cooling is also explained for eutectic, hypereutectic, hypoeutectic, hypereutectoid, and hypoeutectoid compositions. Micrographs are provided for Fe-C steels to illustrate different microstructures.

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32 views

MY 3210 Materials Characterization II: Phase Diagrams and Microstructure

This document discusses phase diagrams and microstructural development in binary alloy systems. It covers different types of binary phase diagrams including complete solid solution, eutectic, eutectoid, and peritectic diagrams. Examples of each type are given such as the Cu-Ni, Al-Si, Fe-C, and Al2O3-SiO2 systems. Microstructural development during slow and accelerated cooling is also explained for eutectic, hypereutectic, hypoeutectic, hypereutectoid, and hypoeutectoid compositions. Micrographs are provided for Fe-C steels to illustrate different microstructures.

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Meet Vasani
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MY 3210 Materials Characterization II

Phase Diagrams and Microstructure

Reading:

W.D. Callister, Jr. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction 4th ed., J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 1997, Chapter 9

Binary Diagrams
Complete Solid Solution

L1 composition of L at T1 SS1 composition of SS at T1


Melting point of A

L liquidus

Melting point of B

L+SS solidus SS

100 wt% A 0 wt% B

100 wt% B 0 wt% A

Binary Diagrams
Complete Solid Solution: Examples
NiO-MgO Phase Diagram Cu-Ni Phase Diagram

Binary Diagrams
Eutectic Diagram with No Solid Solution

liquidus A+L Eutectic Temp. Eutectic Comp. A+B

L+B

solidus

Binary Diagrams
Eutectic Diagram with No Solid Solution: Example
Al-Si Phase Diagram

However, a small amount of solid solubility does exist!

Binary Diagrams
Eutectic Diagram with Limited Solid Solution

+L

L+

Binary Diagrams
Eutectic Diagram with Limited Solid Solution: Example

Pb-Sn phase diagram

Binary Diagrams
Eutectoid Diagram
Eutectic temp.

+L

L+ +

Eutectoid temp.

Eutectoid comp.

Eutectic comp.

Binary Diagrams
Eutectoid Diagram: Fe-Fe3C

Binary Diagrams
Eutectoid Diagram: Fe-C

Binary Diagrams
Peritectic Diagram

For simplicity, no solid solution is shown!

Peritectic refers to incongruent melting phenomenon; liquid formed upon melting of AB compound has composition other than AB: AB L+B

Binary Diagrams
Peritectic Diagram: Al2O3-SiO2

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling


Complete Solid Solution

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling


Complete Solid Solution: Cu-Ni

Microstructural Development
Slow (equilibrium) vs. Accelerated (non-equilibrium) Cooling

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling


Eutectic Composition

Microstructural Development
Eutectic Composition: Pb-Sn

Microstructural Development
Eutectoid Steel

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling


Hypereutectic and Hypoeutectic Composition

Hypoeutectic composition less than that of the eutectic

Hypereutectic composition greater than that of the eutectic

Microstructural Development
Hypoeutectic Composition: Pb-Sn

Microstructural Development
Hypoeutectoid Composition: Fe-C

Micrograph of a 0.38 wt% C steel having a microstructure consisting of pearlite and proeutectoid ferrite

Microstructural Development
Hypereutectoid Composition: Fe-C

Micrograph of a 1.4 wt% C steel having a microstructure consisting of a white proeutectoid cementite network surrounding the pearlite colonies

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling


For two compositions that avoid the eutectic reaction

Microstructural Development
Pb-Sn

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling

For hypereutectoid steel (1.13 wt%C)

For hypoeutectoid steel (0.5 wt%C)

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling


For white cast iron

Microstructural Development During Slow Cooling


For gray cast iron

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