Media in United Kingdom

MEDIA IN UNITED KINGDOM Media of the United Kingdom consist of several different types of communications media: television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and internet. The United Kingdom has a diverse range of providers, the most prominent being the state-owned public service broadcaster, the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation). The BBC's largest competitors are ITV plc, which operates 11 of the 15 regional television broadcasters that make up the ITV Network, and News Corporation, which holds a large stake in satellite broadcaster British Sky Broadcasting and also operate a number of leading national newspapers. Regional media is covered by local radio, television and print newspapers. Trinity Mirror operate 240 local and regional newspapers in the United Kingdom, as well as national newspapers such as the Daily Mirror and the Sunday Mirror.

I.

TELEVISION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

Television broadcasting started in the United Kingdom in 1936 as public service free of advertising. Now there is a collection of free and subscription services over a variety of distribution media, through which there are over 480 channels for consumers as well as ondemand content. 1. Analogue terrestrial television in the United Kingdom Analogue terrestrial television in the United Kingdom was originally the method by which the significant majority of viewers in the UK. Analogue terrestrial television broadcasts have ceased everywhere in the UK with Northern Ireland being the last region to cease broadcasting analogue terrestrial television broadcasts. Northern Ireland switched off the last analogue television signals, making all of the United Kingdom only capable of receiving digital television, in the early hours of 24

Media in United Kingdom

October 2012. It has been completely replaced by digital terrestrial television and other non-terrestrial means as of the end of 2012. 2. Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom encompasses over 100 televisions, radio and interactive services broadcast via the UK's terrestrial television network and receivable with a standard television aerial. There are three providers: Freeview, Top Up TV BT Vision.

Freeview channels account for most, although not all, of the total available channels broadcast on digital terrestrial television, available at no extra cost and requiring no subscription other than payment of the annual TV license fee. 3. Cable television It is a system of distributing television programs to subscribers via radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted through coaxial cables or light pulses through fiber-optic cables. This contrasts with traditional broadcast television (terrestrial television) in which the television signal is transmitted over the air by radio waves and received by a television antenna attached to the television. FM radio programming, high-speed Internet, telephone service, and similar nontelevision services may also be provided through these cables. There are three providers of cable television, targeting different geographic areas within the UK. In all cases cable TV is a subscription service normally bundled with a phone line and broadband. Smallworld Cable is available in south-west Scotland and north-west England. Pricing ranges from 10.50 (cost of phone line with 'free' TV) to 80 per month.

Media in United Kingdom

WightFibre is available in the Isle of Wight. Virgin Media is available to 55% of UK households. Pricing ranges from 11 a month (phone line with 'free' TV) to 30.50 a month, with additional fees for premium services such as Sky Sports. Virgin also market V+, a digital video recorder and high-definition receiver. 4. Satellite television Satellite television is programming delivered by the means of communications satellite and received by an outdoor antenna, usually a parabolic reflector generally referred to as a satellite dish, and as far as household usage is concerned, a satellite receiver either in the form of an external set-top box or a satellite tuner module built into a TV set. Direct-broadcast satellite television comes to the general public in two distinct flavors - analog and digital. This necessitates either having an analog satellite receiver or a digital satellite receiver. Analog satellite television is being replaced by digital satellite television and the latter is becoming available in a better quality known as high-definition television. There are three distinctly marketed direct-broadcast satellite (DBS) services (also known as direct-to-home (DTH), to be distinguished from satellite signals intended for non-consumer reception). Sky is a subscription service owned by British Sky Broadcasting. It is the dominant satellite provider with the largest number of channels compared to other providers. As of September 2011, subscription starts at 20 per month and rises to 52 per month. Freesat from Sky, is a free satellite service owned by British Sky Broadcasting. Installation is priced at 75 or 150, which includes the receiver, dish, viewing card and access to all free-to-air and free-toview channels in the UK.

Media in United Kingdom

Freesat is a free satellite service created jointly by the BBC and ITV. In contrast to Freesat from Sky, it does not need a viewing card. It is the UK's first provider of high definition television without a subscription; one HD channel, available only to Humax boxes at the present time. II. RADIOINU.K.

Radio enjoys a large number of listeners in the United Kingdom. There are around 600 licensed radio stations in the country. 1. BBC Radio The most prominent stations are the national networks operated by the BBC. BBC Radio 1 broadcasts mostly current pop music output on FM and digital radio, with live music throughout the year BBC Radio 2 is the United Kingdom's most listened-to radio station, featuring presenters such as Chris Evans and Terry Wogan, and playing popular music from the last 5 decades as well as special interest programmes in the evening BBC Radio 3 is a classical music station, broadcasting high-quality concerts and performances. At night, it transmits a wide range of jazz and world music BBC Radio 4 is a current affairs and speech station, with news, debate and radio drama. It broadcasts the daily radio soap The Archers, as well as flagship news programme Today BBC Radio 5 Live broadcasts live news and sports commentary with phone-in debates and studio guests BBC 1Xtra broadcasts rap, RnB and drum'n'bass BBC Radio 4 Extra broadcasts comedy, drama and shows which extend or supplement popular programmes. BBC 6 Music transmits predominantly alternative rock, with many live sessions

Media in United Kingdom

BBC Radio 5 Live Sports Extra - a companion to Five Live for additional events coverage BBC Asian Network - aimed at the large South Asian community in the United Kingdom (also available on AM in some areas) The BBC also provides 40 local radio services, mainly broadcasting a mix of local news and music aimed at an older audience. 2. Commercial radio Also available nationally are three national commercial channels, namely Absolute Radio, Classic FM and talk SPORT. As with the BBC, digital radio has brought about many changes, including the roll-out of local stations such as Xfm, Kiss 100 and Kerrang Radio to other areas of the United Kingdom. 3. Digital radio Digital radio in the United Kingdom is being promoted by radio stations and the broadcasting industry on the premise that it provides a wider choice of radio stations, is easier to use, and is resistant to the interference which other broadcast media are susceptible to. However, the price paid for the extra number of stations is that the audio quality on DAB is lower than on FM. Also some areas of the country are not presently covered by DAB; the BBC says that it may not provide coverage to the final 10% of the population, and may use Digital Radio Mondiale instead. In 2011, Ofcom published a consultation with the intent to push DAB coverage across the United Kingdom up to the same level as enjoyed by FM broadcasting in the United Kingdom. III. NEWSPAPERS IN U.K.

Traditionally British newspapers have been divided into quality and populist press. 1. Quality press: UK newspapers could be split into more serious-minded newspapers, usually referred to as the broadsheets due to their large size, and sometimes known collectively as "the quality press" its serious-

Media in United Kingdom

minded newspapers (usually referred to as "broadsheets" because of their large size) 2. Populist : Or serious newspapers, generally known as tabloids and collectively as "the popular press", which have tended to focus more on celebrity coverage and human interest stories rather than political reporting or overseas news. The tabloids in turn have been divided into the more sensationalist mass market titles, or "red tops", such as The Sun and The Mirror, and the middle-market papers, The Daily Express and The Daily Mail.

IV.

MAGAZINES A large range of magazines are sold in the United Kingdom covering most interests and potential topics. British magazines and journals that have achieved worldwide circulation include The Economist, Nature, and New Scientist, Private Eye, Hello!, The Spectator, the Radio Times and NME. This is also true for the page 3 magazine.

V.

INTERNET

Internet is one of the most important media in the country, and it has had a large increase from the last decade, so that with 41,817,847 users, is the seventh country with the largest number of Internet users in the world. The Internet domain for the UK is. uk. The most popular website with termination. "Uk" is the British version of Google, followed by BBC page..