Scilab Textbook Companion for

Machine Design
by U. C. Jindal1
Created by
Vibha Manvi
B.E Mechanical
Mechanical Engineering
Cummins College of Engineering,Pune
College Teacher
Prof. N.r. Patil
Cross-Checked by
Ganesh R
August 10, 2013

1 Funded

by a grant from the National Mission on Education through ICT,

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro. This Textbook Companion and Scilab
codes written in it can be downloaded from the Textbook Companion Project
section at the website http://scilab.in

Book Description
Title: Machine Design
Author: U. C. Jindal
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley (India)
Edition: 1
Year: 2010
ISBN: 978-81-317-1659-5

Scilab numbering policy used in this document and the relation to the
above book.
Exa Example (Solved example)
Eqn Equation (Particular equation of the above book)
AP Appendix to Example(Scilab Code that is an Appednix to a particular
Example of the above book)
For example, Exa 3.51 means solved example 3.51 of this book. Sec 2.3 means
a scilab code whose theory is explained in Section 2.3 of the book.

Contents
List of Scilab Codes

3 MECHANICS OF SOLIDS

13

4 MANUFACTURING CONSIDERATIONS

37

5 INTRODUCTION TO PRESSURE VESSELS

42

6 LEVERS

47

7 STRUTS AND COLUMNS

54

8 SPRINGS

59

9 THREADED FASTENERS

74

10 PIPES AND PIPE JOINTS

82

11 RIVETED JOINTS

87

12 WELDED JOINTS

94

13 COTTER AND KNUCKLE JOINTS

101

14 KEYS AND COUPLINGS

106

15 SHAFTS

113

16 POWER SCREWS

119

17 SLIDING CONTACT BEARINGS

127

18 ROLLING BEARINGS

134

19 FLYWHEEL

142

20 FLAT BELT DRIVE

149

21 V BELT DRIVE

158

22 FRICTION CLUTCHES

164

23 BRAKES

174

24 ROPE DRIVE

182

25 GEARS

186

26 HELICAL GEARS

193

27 STRAIGHT BEVEL GEARS

198

28 WORM AND WORM WHEEL SET

206

29 GEARBOX

212

30 CHAIN DRIVE

216

31 SEALS PACKING AND GASKETS

220

List of Scilab Codes

Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.20
3.21
3.22
3.23
3.24
3.25
3.26
3.27
3.28

MS1 .
MS2 .
MS3 .
MS4 .
MS5 .
MS6 .
MS7 .
MS8 .
MS9 .
MS10
MS11
MS12
MS13
MS14
MS15
MS16
MS17
MS18
MS19
MS20
MS21
MS22
MS23
MS24
MS25
MS26
MS27
MS28

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

13
14
14
15
15
16
17
17
18
19
20
20
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
25
25
26
27
27
28
29
29
30

Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa

3.29
3.30
3.31
3.32
3.33
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
8.10
8.11

MS29 .
MS30 .
MS31 .
MS32 .
MS33 .
MF1 . .
MF2 . .
MF3 . .
MF4 . .
IPV5 1
IPV5 2
IPV5 3
IPV5 4
IPV5 5
L1 . . .
L2 . . .
L3 . . .
L4 . . .
L5 . . .
L6 . . .
SC1 . .
SC2 . .
SC3 . .
SC4 . .
SC5 . .
SC6 . .
SC7 . .
S8 1 . .
S8 2 . .
S8 3 . .
S8 4 . .
S8 5 . .
S8 6 . .
S8 7 . .
S8 8 . .
S8 9 . .
S8 10 .
S8 11 .

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
6

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

30
32
33
34
35
37
38
39
40
42
43
44
44
45
47
48
49
50
51
52
54
55
55
56
56
57
58
59
60
61
61
63
63
64
66
67
68
69

Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa

8.12
8.13
8.14
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
9.10
9.11
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
11.7
11.8
11.9
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.7
12.8
12.9
12.10
12.11

S8 12A
S8 13 .
S8 14 .
TF1 . .
TF2 . .
TF3 . .
TF4 . .
TF5 . .
TF6 . .
TF7 . .
TF8 . .
TF9 . .
TF10 .
TF11 .
PPJ1 .
PPJ2 .
PPJ3 .
PPJ4 .
RJ1 . .
RJ2 . .
RJ3 . .
RJ4 . .
RJ5 . .
RJ6 . .
RJ7 . .
RJ8 . .
RJ9 . .
WJ1 . .
WJ2 . .
WJ3 . .
WJ4 . .
WJ5 . .
WJ6 . .
WJ7 . .
WJ8 . .
WJ9 . .
WJ10 .
WJ11 .

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

70
71
72
74
74
75
75
76
77
78
79
79
80
81
82
82
84
85
87
87
88
89
90
90
91
92
93
94
94
95
95
96
97
97
98
99
99
100

Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa

13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.7
15.2
15.3
15.4
15.5
15.6
15.7
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5
16.6
16.7
16.8
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
18.1
18.2
18.4
18.5
18.6
18.7

CKJ1
CKJ2
CKJ3
CKJ4
KC1 .
KC2 .
KC3 .
KC4 .
KC5 .
KC6 .
KC7 .
S2 . .
S3 . .
S4 . .
S5 . .
S6 . .
S7 . .
PS1 .
PS2 .
PS3 .
PS4 .
PS5 .
PS6 .
PS7 .
PS8 .
SCB1
SCB2
SCB3
SCB4
SCB5
SCB6
SCB7
RB1 .
RB2 .
RB4 .
RB5 .
RB6 .
RB7 .

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
8

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

101
102
103
104
106
107
108
108
109
110
111
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
122
123
124
125
127
128
128
129
130
131
132
134
134
135
136
137
138

Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa

18.8
18.9
18.10
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.4
19.5
19.6
19.7
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
20.5
20.6
20.7
21.1
21.2
21.3
21.4
21.5
22.1
22.2
22.3
22.4
22.5
22.6
22.7
22.8
22.9
22.10
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
23.5
23.6

RB8 . . .
RB9 . . .
RB10 . .
F1 . . . .
F2 . . . .
F3 . . . .
F4 . . . .
F5 . . . .
F6 . . . .
F7 . . . .
FBD1 . .
FBD2 . .
FBD3 . .
FBD4 . .
FBD5 . .
FBD6 . .
FBD7 . .
VBELT1
VBELT2
VBELT3
VBELT4
VBELT5
FC221 . .
FC222 . .
FC223 . .
FC224 . .
FC225 . .
FC226 . .
FC227 . .
FC228 . .
FC229 . .
FC2210 .
B23 1 . .
B23 2 . .
B23 3 . .
B23 4 . .
B23 5 . .
B23 6 . .

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
9

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

139
140
141
142
143
144
145
145
146
147
149
150
151
152
153
155
156
158
159
160
161
162
164
165
167
167
168
169
170
171
172
172
174
175
176
177
178
179

Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa
Exa

23.7
24.1
24.2
24.3
24.4
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.4
25.5
25.6
26.1
26.2
26.3
26.4
27.1
27.2
27.3
27.4
27.5
27.6
27.7
27.8
28.1
28.2
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.6
29.1
29.2
29.3
30.1
30.2
30.3
30.4
31.1
31.2

B23 7 .
RD1 . .
RD2 . .
RD3 . .
RD4 . .
G1 . . .
G2 . . .
G3 . . .
G4 . . .
G5 . . .
G6 . . .
HG1 . .
HG2 . .
HG3 . .
HG4 . .
SBG1 .
SBG2 .
SBG3 .
SBG4 .
SBG5 .
SBG6 .
SBG7 .
SBG8 .
WWS1
WWS2
WWS3
WWS4
WWS5
WWS6
GB1 . .
GB2 . .
GB3 . .
CD1 . .
CD2 . .
CD3 . .
CD4 . .
SPG1 .
SPG2 .

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

10

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

180
182
183
184
184
186
187
188
189
190
191
193
194
195
196
198
199
199
200
201
202
203
205
206
207
207
208
209
210
212
213
214
216
216
217
218
220
221

Exa 31.3

SPG3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

222

List of Figures
3.1

MS29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32

22.1 FC224 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

168

12

Chapter 3
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS

Scilab code Exa 3.1 MS1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 31
clc ;
clear ;
d =10;
l =1500;
m =12;
h =50;
E =210*10^3;
sigut =450;
A = %pi * d ^2/4;
W = m *9.81;
sigi = W / A *(1+ sqrt (1+(2* E * A * h ) /( W * l ) ) ) ;
deli = sigi * l / E ;
siggradual = W / A ;
sigsudden =2* siggradual ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g i i s %f N/mm2
, sigi ) ;
printf ( \n d e l i i s %f mm
, deli ) ;
printf ( \n s i g g r a d u a l i s %f N/mm2
,
siggradual ) ;
13

21
22

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r o f s i g i and
s i g g r a d u a l i s due t o round o f f e r r o r s .

Scilab code Exa 3.2 MS2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 32
clc ;
clear ;
d =5;
A = %pi * d ^2/4;
l =100*10^3;
W =600;
E =210*10^3;
w =0.0784*10^ -3;
del1 = W * l /( A * E ) ;
del2 = w * l ^2/(2* E ) ;
del = del1 + del2 ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d e l i s %f mm
, del ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.3 MS3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

// sum 33
clc ;
clear ;
m =25;
v =3;
E =210*10^3;
KE =0.5* m * v ^2;
d =30;
L =2000;
14

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

A = %pi * d ^2/4;
U = A * L /(2* E ) ;
del =4*10^ -5* A ;
W = A * del ;
sigi = sqrt ( KE *10^3/( W + U ) ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d e l i s %f N/mm2
, sigi ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.4 MS4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 34
clc ;
clear ;
P =40*10^3;
A =60*18;
sig = P / A ;
r1 =12;
b1 =60;
SCF1 =1.7;
sigmax1 = sig * SCF1 ;
r2 =24;
b2 =60;
SCF2 =1.5;
sigmax2 = sig * SCF2 ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g m a x 1 i s %f N/mm2
, sigmax1 ) ;
printf ( \n s i g m a x 2 i s %f N/mm2
, sigmax2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.5 MS5

1

// sum 35
15

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

clc ;
clear ;
p =2.4;
// L e t a x i a l movement o f nut be La
La = p *45/360;
d =20;
D =30;
L =500;
d1 =18;
As = %pi * d1 ^2/4;
Ac = %pi *( D ^2 - d ^2) /4;
sigt =120/(3.543) ;
sigb =1.543* sigt ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g t i s %f N/mm2
, sigt ) ;
printf ( \n s i g b i s %f N/mm2
, sigb ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.6 MS6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 36
clc ;
clear ;
delT =100;
ab =18*10^ -6;
aa =23*10^ -6;
delta =(360* ab * delT ) +(450* aa * delT ) ;
lc = delta -0.6;
Ea =70*10^3;
Eb =105*10^3;
Aa =1600;
Ab =1300;
P = lc /((360/( Ab * Eb ) ) +(450/( Aa * Ea ) ) ) ;
P = P *10^ -3;
// L e t t h e c h a n g e i n l e n g t h be d e l L
16

16
17
18
19
20
21
22

delL =( aa *450* delT ) -( P *10^3*450/( Aa * Ea ) ) ;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %f kN
,P ) ;
printf ( \n d e l L i s %f mm
, delL ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r o f d e l L i s due t o
round o f f e r r o r s .

Scilab code Exa 3.7 MS7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 37
clc ;
clear ;
a =23*10^ -6;
E =70*10^3;
l =750;
sig =35;
delT =(( sig * l / E ) +0.8) /( l * a ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d e l T i s %f degC
, delT ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.8 MS8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

// sum 38
clc ;
clear ;
OA =60;
AB =30;
OC = -20;
CD = -30;
theta =30;
17

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

angBEK =2* theta ;

OM =14;
KM =49.5;
p1 =70;
p2 = -30;
angBEH = -37;
angBEI =143;
theta1 = angBEH /2;
theta2 = angBEI /2;
Tmax =50;
angBEL =53;
angBEN =233;
theta3 = angBEL /2;
theta4 = angBEN /2;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( S t r e s s on p l a n e AB i s %f MPa
, OM ) ;
printf ( \n S t r e s s on p l a n e AB i s %f MPa
, KM ) ;
printf ( \n P r i n c i p a l s t r e s s p1 i s %f MPa
, p1 )
;
printf ( \n P r i n c i p a l s t r e s s p2 i s %f MPa
, p2 )
;
printf ( \n P r i n c i p a l a n g l e t h e t a 1 i s %f deg
,
theta1 ) ;
printf ( \n P r i n c i p a l a n g l e t h e t a 2 i s %f deg
,
theta2 ) ;
printf ( \n Maximum s h e a r s t r e s s i s %f MPa
,
Tmax ) ;
printf ( \n D i r e c t i o n o f p l a n e t h e t a 3 i s %f deg
, theta3 ) ;
printf ( \n D i r e c t i o n o f p l a n e t h e t a 4 i s %f deg
, theta4 ) ;
// The a n s w e r s i n t h e book a r e w r i t t e n i n form o f
d e g r e e s and m i n u t e s .

18

Scilab code Exa 3.9 MS9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

// sum 39
clc ;
clear ;
E =200*10^3;
v =0.29;
E1 =720*10^ -6;
E2 =560*10^ -6;
p1 =121.76;
p2 = -76.69;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( p1 i s %f MN/mm2
, p1 ) ;
printf ( \n p2 i s %f MN/mm2
, p2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.10 MS10

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

// sum 310
clc ;
clear ;
G =38*10^3;
d =10;
P =5*10^3;
A = %pi * d ^2/4;
sig = P / A ;
deld =0.0002;
// L e t t h e l a t e r a l s t r a i n be E1
E1 = deld / d ;
v =2* deld * G /( sig -(2* deld * G ) ) ;
E =2* G *(1+ v ) *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( v i s %0 . 4 f
,v ) ;
printf ( \n E i s %0 . 3 f kN/mm2
,E ) ;
19

Scilab code Exa 3.11 MS11

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

// sum 311
clc ;
clear ;
D =1500;
p =1.2;
sigt =100;
sigc = p * D /2;
siga = p * D /4;
P = sigc *2*10^3;
n =0.75;
t = sigc /( n * sigt ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 f mm
,t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.12 MS12

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

// sum 312
clc ;
clear ;
D =50;
t =1.25;
d =0.5;
n =1/ d ;
p =1.5;
siga = p * D /(4* t ) ;
sigc =20.27;
sigw = sigc /0.31416;

20

13
14

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g w i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, sigw ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.13 MS13

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 313
clc ;
clear ;
R1 =50;
p =75;
pmax =125;
R2 = sqrt (( pmax + p ) * R1 ^2/( pmax - p ) ) ;
t = R2 - R1 ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 f mm
,t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.14 MS14

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

// sum 314
clc ;
clear ;
R1 =40;
R2 =60;
B =50;
E =210*10^3;
e =41*10^ -6;
sig =2* R1 ^2/( R2 ^2 - R1 ^2) ;
p = E * e / sig ;
Fr = p *2* %pi * R1 * B ;
u =0.2;
Fa = u * Fr *10^ -3;

21

15
16

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Fa i s %0 . 2 f kN
, Fa ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.15 MS15

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 315
clc ;
clear ;
a1 =10*1.5;
x1 =15 -0.75;
a2 =1.5*(15 -1.5) ;
x2 =(15 -1.5) /2;
y1 =(( a1 * x1 ) +( a2 * x2 ) ) /( a1 + a2 ) ;
y2 = a1 - y1 ;
Ixx =(10*1.5^3) /12+(10*1.5*(5.06 -1.5/2) ^2)
+(1.5*13.5^3/12) +(1.5*13.5*(9.94 -6.75) ^2) ;
Z1 = Ixx / y1 ;
Z2 = Ixx / y2 ;
L =3;
sigc =50;
W = sigc * Z1 / L *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( W i s %0 . 3 f kN
,W ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.16 MS16

1
2
3
4
5
6

// sum 316
clc ;
clear ;
D =22;
d =20;
r =1;
22

7 K =2.2;
8 sigmax =130;
9 sigmax = sigmax / K ;
10 Z = %pi * d ^3/32;
11 M = sigmax * Z *10^ -3;
12
13
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
14
printf ( M i s %0 . 3 f Nm
,M ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.17 MS17

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 317
clc ;
clear ;
A =(12*2) +(12*2) +(30 -4) ;
B = sqrt ( A /2) ;
D =2* B ;
B1 =12;
D1 =30;
d =26;
b =1;
Z1 =(( B1 * D1 ^3) -(( B1 - b ) * d ^3) ) /( B1 * D1 /2) ;
Zr = B * D ^2/6;
// L e t t h e r a t i o o f b o t h t h e s e c t i o n s be x
x = Z1 / Zr ;
M =30*10^6;
sigmax = M /( Z1 *10^3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Z1 / Zr i s %0 . 2 f
,x ) ;
printf ( \n s i g m a x i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, sigmax ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.18 MS18

23

1 // sum 318
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 //Tmax=F / ( I b ) [ B t ( d/2+ t / 2 ) +(bdd / 8 ) ] ;
5 //T1=F / ( I b ) [ B t ( d+t ) / 2 ] ;
6 // Tmean=T1+2/3(TmaxT1 ) ;
7 //T=TmaxTmean ;
8 //T=Fd 2 / ( 2 4 I ) ;
9 disp ( D i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n maximum and mean s h e a r

s t r e s s e s i n t h e web i s

,T=Fd 2 / ( 2 4 I ) ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.19 MS19

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 319
clc ;
clear ;
x1 =((13*3*1.5) +(2*15*8) ) /(39+30) ;
x2 =13 - x1 ;
A =30+39;
E =2*10^7;
Iyy =995.66;
e =54.32;
x = x2 -3;
sigb = e * x / Iyy ;
sigd =1/69;
sigr = sigd + sigb ;
// L e t t h e s t r a i n be E1
E1 =800*10^ -6;
P = E1 * E / sigr ;
P = P *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 2 f kN
,P ) ;

24

Scilab code Exa 3.20 MS20

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 320
clc ;
clear ;
H =20;
D =5;
d =3;
rho =21;
sigd = rho * H ;
p =2;
A=D*H;
P=p*A;
M = P * H /2;
Z = %pi *( D ^4 - d ^4) /(32* D ) ;
sigb = M / Z ;
sigmax =420+ sigb ;
sigmin =420 - sigb ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( s i g m a x i s %0 . 2 f kN/m2
, sigmax ) ;
printf ( \n s i g m i n i s %0 . 2 f kN/m2
, sigmin ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.21 MS21

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

// sum 321
clc ;
clear ;
D =30;
R =15;
T =0.56*10^6;
G =82*10^3;
25

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

J = %pi * R ^4/2;
T1 = T * R / J ;
l =1000;
theta = T * l /( G * J ) *180/ %pi ;
r =10;
Tr = T1 * r / R ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( T1 i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, T1 ) ;
printf ( \n t h e t a i s %0 . 2 f deg
, theta ) ;
printf ( \n Tr i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, Tr ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.22 MS22

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 322
clc ;
clear ;
T =8*10^3;
d =80;
D =110;
l =2000;
Gst =80*10^3;
Gcop = Gst /2;
Js = %pi * d ^4/32;
Jc = %pi *( D ^4 - d ^4) /32;
// Ts = 0 . 7 7 7 Tc
Tc = T /1.777*10^3;
Ts =0.777* Tc ;
Ts1 = Ts / Js * d /2;
Tc1 = Tc / Jc * D /2;
// L e t t l be A n g u l a r t w i s t p e r u n i t l e n g t h
tl = Ts *10^3/( Js * Gst ) *180/ %pi ;
// L e t t h e maximum s t r e s s d e v e l o p e d when t h e Torque
i s a c t i n g i n t h e c e n t r e o f t h e s h a f t be Ts2 & Tc2
r e s p . f o r s t e e l and c o p p e r
26

20 Ts2 = Ts1 /2;

21 Tc2 = Tc1 /2;
22
23
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
24
printf ( Ts1 i s %0 . 3 f N/mm2
, Ts1 ) ;
25
printf ( \n Tc1 i s %0 . 1 f N/mm2
, Tc1 ) ;
26
printf ( \n t h e t a / l e n g t h i s %0 . 3 f deg /m
, tl ) ;
27
printf ( \n Ts2 i s %0 . 3 f N/mm2
, Ts2 ) ;
28
printf ( \n Tc2 i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, Tc2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.23 MS23

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 323
clc ;
clear ;
D =100;
d =75;
r =6;
K =1.45;
P =20*746;
N =400;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
Ts =16* T *10^3/( %pi * d ^3) ;
Tmax = K * Ts ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Tmax i s %0 . 3 f MPa
, Tmax ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.24 MS24

1 // sum 324
2 clc ;

27

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

clear ;
G =84*10^3;
T =28*10^3;
l =1000;
theta = %pi /180;
J = T * l /( G * theta ) ;
d =( J *32/ %pi ) ^(1/4) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.25 MS25

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 325
clc ;
clear ;
P =2*10^6;
N =200;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
Tm = P / w ;
W =5*10^3*9.81;
l =1800;
Mmax = W * l /4;
Tmax =1.8* Tm *10^3;
Me =( Mmax + sqrt ( Mmax ^2+ Tmax ^2) ) /2;
Te = sqrt ( Mmax ^2+ Tmax ^2) ;
sig =60;
Ts =40;
d1 =(32* Me /( %pi * sig ) ) ^(1/3) ;
d2 =(16* Te /( %pi * Ts ) ) ^(1/3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm
, d2 ) ;

28

Scilab code Exa 3.26 MS26

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// sum 326
clc ;
clear ;
Q =4*10^3;
P =8*10^3;
sig = P ;
T=Q;
p1 =( sig /2+ sqrt (( sig /2) ^2+ T ^2) ) ;
p2 =( sig /2 - sqrt (( sig /2) ^2+ T ^2) ) ;
sigyp =285;
FOS =3;
siga = sigyp /3;
A1 = p1 / siga ;
d1 = sqrt (4* A1 / %pi ) ;
A2 =( p1 - p2 ) *2/( siga *2) ;
d2 = sqrt (4* A2 / %pi ) ;
v =0.3;
A3 = sqrt ( p1 ^2+ p2 ^2 -(2* v * p1 * p2 ) ) / siga ;
d3 = sqrt (4* A3 / %pi ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( d1 i s %0 . 2 f mm
, d1 ) ;
printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, d2 ) ;
printf ( \n d3 i s %0 . 2 f mm
, d3 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.27 MS27

1 // sum 327
2 clc ;
3 clear ;

29

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

sigx = -105;
Txy =105;
sigy =270;
p1 =( sigx /2+ sqrt (( sigx /2) ^2+ Txy ^2) ) ;
p2 =( sigx /2 - sqrt (( sigx /2) ^2+ Txy ^2) ) ;
p3 =0;
Tmax =( p1 - p2 ) /2;
siga = sigy /2;
if ( Tmax <= siga ) then
printf ( The component i s s a f e )
end
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( \n Tmax i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, Tmax ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.28 MS28

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

// sum 328
clc ;
clear ;
rho =0.0078*9.81*10^ -6;
sigc =150;
g =9.81;
V = sqrt ( sigc * g / rho ) *10^ -3;
R =1;
w=V/R;
N = w *60/(2* %pi ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( N i s %0 . 3 f rpm
,N ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.29 MS29

30

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

// sum 329
clc ;
clear ;
R1 =50;
R2 =200;
N =6*10^3;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
v =0.28;
rho =7800*10^ -9;
g =9810;
k1 =(3+ v ) /8;
k2 =(1+(3* v ) ) /8;
W = rho *9.81;
x = k1 * w ^2* W *( R1 ^2+ R2 ^2) / g ;
y = k1 * w ^2* W *( R1 * R2 ) ^2/ g ;
y1 = k1 * w ^2* W / g ;
z = k2 * w ^2* W / g ;
r = sqrt ( R1 * R2 ) ;
sigrmax =x -( y / r ^2) -( r ^2* y1 ) ;
r =50:200
n = length ( r ) ;
for i =1: n
sigr ( i ) =x -( y / r ( i ) ^2) -( r ( i ) ^2* y1 )
end
for j =1: n
sigc ( j ) = x +( y / r ( j ) ^2) -( r ( j ) ^2* z )
end
plot (r , sigr ) ;
plot (r , sigc ) ;
xtitle ( , r mm ) ;
ylabel ( s t r e s s N/mm2 ) ;
xgrid (2) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g r m a x i s %0 . 1 f MPa , sigrmax ) ;

31

Figure 3.1: MS29

Scilab code Exa 3.30 MS30

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

// sum 330
clc ;
clear ;
r =500;
to =15;
N =3500;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
sig =80;
32

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

w1 =0.07644*10^ -3;
g =9810;
a = w1 * w ^2* r ^2/(2* sig * g ) ;
t = to * exp ( - a ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 3 f mm ,t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 3.31 MS31

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

// sum 331
clc ;
clear ;
M =60*10^3;
y1 =((5*1*2.5) +(6*1*5.5) ) /(5+6) ;
y2 =6 - y1 ;
R =12;
R1 =R - y2 ;
R1 =10.136
R2 =11.136;
R3 = R1 +6;
B =6;
b =1;
A =( B * b ) +(( B -1) * b ) ;
// L e t x= h 2/R2
x = R / A *(( B * log ( R2 / R1 ) ) +( b * log ( R3 / R2 ) ) ) -1;
x =1/ x ;
// L e t Maximum c o m p r e s s i v e s t r e s s a t B be s i g B
sigB = M /( A * R ) *(1+( x * y1 /( R + y1 ) ) ) *10^ -2;
// L e t Maximum t e n s i l e s t r e s s a t A be s i g A
sigA = M /( A * R ) *(( y2 * x /( R - y2 ) ) -1) *10^ -2;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g B i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, sigB ) ;
printf ( \n s i g A i s %0 . 0 f MPa
, sigA ) ;

33

26

// The a n s w e r t o R2/ h 2 i s c a l c u l a t e d i n c o r r e c t l y
i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 3.32 MS32

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

// sum 332
clc ;
clear ;
R1 =24;
R2 =30;
R3 =50;
R4 =54;
F =200;
y1 =((16*4*2) +(2*20*14*4) +(24*6*27) ) /((16*4) +(2*20*4)
+(24*6) ) ;
y2 =30 - y1 ;
R =24+ y2 ;
A =(24*6) +(2*4*20) +(4*16) ;
// L e t x= h 2/R2
x = R / A *((24* log ( R2 / R1 ) ) +(2*4* log ( R3 / R2 ) ) +(16* log ( R4 /
R3 ) ) ) -1;
x =1/ x ;
M = F *(60+ R ) ;
sigd = F / A ;
// L e t b e n d i n g s t r e s s a t a be s i g A
sigA = M /( A * R ) *(( y2 * x /( R - y2 ) ) -1) ;
// L e t b e n d i n g s t r e s s a t b be s i g B
sigB = M /( A * R ) *(1+( x * y1 /( R + y1 ) ) ) ;
// L e t r e s u l t a n t a t a be Ra
Ra =( sigA + sigd ) *10;
// L e t r e s u l t a n t a t b be Rb
Rb =( sigB - sigd ) *10;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Ra i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, Ra ) ;
printf ( \n Rb i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, Rb ) ;
34

29
30

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r s a r e due t o r o u n d i n g
off of values .

Scilab code Exa 3.33 MS33

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

// sum 333
clc ;
clear ;
F =50;
B1 =4;
B2 =8;
D =12;
y1 = D /3*( B1 +(2* B2 ) ) /( B1 + B2 ) ;
y2 =12 - y1 ;
R =6+ y2 ;
A =( B1 + B2 ) /2* D ;
// L e t x= h 2/R2
a =( B1 +(( B2 - B1 ) *( y1 + R ) / D ) ) * log (( R + y1 ) /( R - y2 ) )
x = R /( A ) *( a -( B2 - B1 ) ) ;
x =x -1;
x =1/ x ;
KG = y2 +8;
M = F * KG ;
sigd = F / A ;
// L e t b e n d i n g s t r e s s a t a be s i g A
sigA = M /( A * R ) *(1+( x * y1 /( R + y1 ) ) ) ;
// L e t b e n d i n g s t r e s s a t b be s i g B
sigB = M /( A * R ) *(( y2 * x /( R - y2 ) ) -1) ;
sigA =( sigA - sigd ) *10;
sigB =( sigB + sigd ) *10;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g A i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, sigA ) ;
printf ( \n s i g B i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, sigB ) ;

35

30

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r s a r e due t o
rounding o f f o f v a l u e s .

36

Chapter 4
MANUFACTURING
CONSIDERATIONS

Scilab code Exa 4.1 MF1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 41
clc ;
clear ;
d =70;
dmin =50;
dmax =80;
D = sqrt ( dmin * dmax ) ;
D =63;
i =0.458*( D ^(1/3) ) +(0.001* D ) ;
// s t a n d a r d t o l e r a n c e f o r H8 i s ST1
ST1 =25* i ;
ST1 = ST1 *10^ -3;
// s t a n d a r d t o l e r a n c e o f s h a f t f o r g r a d e g7 i s ST2
ST2 =16* i ;
ST2 = ST2 *10^ -3;
es = -(2.5*( D ^0.333) ) ;
es = es *10^ -3;
ei = es - ST2 ;
37

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

// Lower l i m i t f o r h o l e i s LLH
// Upper l i m i t f o r h o l e i s ULH
// Upper l i m i t f o r s h a f t i s ULS
// Lower l i m i t f o r s h a f t i s LLS
LLH = d ;
ULH = LLH + ST1 ;
ULS = LLH + es ;
LLS = ULS - ST2 ;
//Maximum c l e a r a n c e i s Cmax
// minimum c l e a r a n c e i s Cmin
Cmax = ULH - LLS ;
Cmin = LLH - ULS ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( LLH i s %0 . 1 f mm , LLH ) ;
printf ( \n ULH i s %0 . 3 f mm , ULH ) ;
printf ( \n ULS i s %0 . 2 f mm , ULS ) ;
printf ( \n LLS i s %0 . 2 f mm , LLS ) ;
printf ( \n Cmax i s %0 . 3 f mm , Cmax ) ;
printf ( \n Cmin i s %0 . 3 f mm , Cmin ) ;

Scilab code Exa 4.2 MF2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

// sum 42
clc ;
clear ;
d =25;
// Lower l i m i t
// Upper l i m i t
// Upper l i m i t
// Lower l i m i t
ULH = d +0.021;
LLH = d +0;
ULS = d +0.041;
LLS = d +0.028;

for
for
for
for

hole
hole
shaft
shaft

i s LLH
i s ULH
i s ULS
i s LLS

38

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

//Maximum i n t e r f e r e n c e i s Cmax
// minimum i n t e r f e r e n c e i s Cmin
Cmax = ULS - LLH ;
Cmin = LLS - ULH ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Cmax i s %0 . 3 f mm , Cmax ) ;
printf ( \n Cmin i s %0 . 3 f mm , Cmin ) ;

Scilab code Exa 4.3 MF3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// sum 43
clc ;
clear ;
d =50;
Es =0.039;
Ei =0;
es = -9*10^ -3;
ei = -34*10^ -3;
// S h a f t d i a i s D
D = d + es ;
// Lower l i m i t f o r h o l e
// Upper l i m i t f o r h o l e
// Upper l i m i t f o r s h a f t
// Lower l i m i t f o r s h a f t
ULH = d + Es ;
LLH = d + Ei ;
ULS = d + es ;
LLS = d + ei ;
//Maximum i n t e r f e r e n c e
// minimum i n t e r f e r e n c e
Cmax = ULH - LLS ;
Cmin = LLH - ULS ;

i s LLH
i s ULH
i s ULS
i s LLS

i s Cmax
i s Cmin

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
39

25
26
27
28
29
30
31

printf ( ULH i s %0 . 3 f mm , ULH ) ;

printf ( \n LLH i s %0 . 3 f mm , LLH ) ;
printf ( \n ULS i s %0 . 3 f mm , ULS ) ;
printf ( \n LLS i s %0 . 3 f mm , LLS ) ;
printf ( \n Cmax i s %0 . 3 f mm , Cmax ) ;
printf ( \n Cmin i s %0 . 3 f mm , Cmin ) ;
disp ( T h e r e f o r e , H8g7 i s e a s y r u n n i n g f i t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 4.4 MF4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

// sum 43
clc ;
clear ;
d =30;
Es =0.025;
Ei =0;
es =11*10^ -3;
ei = -5*10^ -3;
// S h a f t d i a i s D
D = d + es ;
// Lower l i m i t f o r h o l e
// Upper l i m i t f o r h o l e
// Upper l i m i t f o r s h a f t
// Lower l i m i t f o r s h a f t
ULH = d + Es ;
LLH = d + Ei ;
ULS = d + es ;
LLS = d + ei ;
//Maximum i n t e r f e r e n c e
// minimum i n t e r f e r e n c e
Cmax = ULH - LLS ;
Cmin = ULS - LLH ;;

i s LLH
i s ULH
i s ULS
i s LLS

i s Cmax
i s Cmin

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( ULH i s %0 . 3 f mm , ULH ) ;
40

26
27
28
29
30

printf ( \n
printf ( \n
printf ( \n
printf ( \n
printf ( \n

LLH i s %0 . 3 f
ULS i s %0 . 3 f
LLS i s %0 . 3 f
Cmax i s %0 . 3
Cmin i s %0 . 3

mm , LLH ) ;
mm , ULS ) ;
mm , LLS ) ;
f mm , Cmax ) ;
f mm , Cmin ) ;

41

Chapter 5
INTRODUCTION TO
PRESSURE VESSELS

Scilab code Exa 5.1 IPV5 1

// sum 51
clc ;
clear ;
p =2;
Rm =220;
// t e n s i l e hoop o r c i r c u m f e r e n t i a l s t r e s s = s i g t
sigr = -2;
// s i g t =(pRm) / t ;
Sa =230/2;
// t 1=t h i c k n e s s a c c o r d i n g t o maximum p r i n c i p a l s t r e s s
theory
11 // t 2=t h i c k n e s s a c c o r d i n g t o maximum s h e a r s t r e s s
theory
12 t1 =( p * Rm ) / Sa ;
13 t2 =( p * Rm ) /( Sa + sigr ) ;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

14
15
16
17

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t 1 i s %0 . 2 f mm , t1 ) ;
printf ( \n t 2 i s %0 . 3 f mm , t2 ) ;
42

Scilab code Exa 5.2 IPV5 2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

// sum 52
clc ;
clear ;
// E l a s t i c l i m i t = s i g e
sige =310;
// i n s i d e d i a m e t e r=d i
di =300;
p =1.8;
FOS =2;
// d e s i g n s t r e s s =s i g d ;
sigd = sige /2;
c =0.162;
d =380;
// c o v e r p l a t e t h i c k n e s s=t ;
t = d * sqrt ( c * p / sigd ) ;
t =17;
M = di * p * t /4;
z =(1/6) *1* t ^2;
// b e n d i n g s t r e s s =s i g b ;
sigb = M / z ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 fmm ,t ) ;
printf ( \n M i s %0 . 1 fmm ,M ) ;
printf ( \n s i g b i s %0 . 1 fmm , sigb ) ;
if ( sigb <= sigd ) then
disp ( s i g b i s b e l o w a l l o w a b l e s i g d . )
end

43

Scilab code Exa 5.3 IPV5 3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// sum 53
clc ;
clear ;
sige =220;
v =0.29;
Ri =175;
FOS =3;
Sa = sige /3;
p =10;
// t 1=t h i c k n e s s a c c o r d i n g t o maximum p r i n c i p a l s t r e s s
theory
// t 2=t h i c k n e s s a c c o r d i n g t o maximum s h e a r s t r e s s
theory
x = Sa +( p *(1 -(2* v ) ) ) ;
y = Sa -( p *(1+ v ) ) ;
t1 =( sqrt ( x / y ) -1) * Ri ;
t1 =24;
// t 1 =(( s q r t ( ( Sa+(p (1 (2 v ) ) ) ) ) / ( Sa (p (1+ v ) ) ) ) 1)
Ri ;
t2 = Ri *(( sqrt ( Sa /( Sa -(2* p ) ) ) ) -1) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t 1 i s %0 . 1 fmm , t1 ) ;
printf ( \n t 2 i s %0 . 3 fmm , t2 ) ;
// The a n s w e r t o t 2 i s n o t c a l c u l a t e d i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 5.4 IPV5 4

1 // sum 54
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 p =16;

44

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Ri =250;
// Y i e l d s t r e n g t h =s i g y ;
sigy =330;
v =0.3;
FOS =3;
Sa = sigy /3;
t = Ri *(( sqrt ( Sa /( Sa -(2* p ) ) ) ) -1) ;
t =50;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 fmm ,t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 5.5 IPV5 5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 55
clc ;
clear ;
d =15;
Eg =480;
t =3;
// f l a n g e t h i c k n e s s= f t ;
ft =12;
A = %pi * d ^2/4;
l = d + t +( ft /2) ;
E =210;
kb = A * E / l ;
// e f f e c t i v e a r e a o f g a s k e t=Ag ;
Ag = %pi *((( ft + t + d ) ^2) -( d ^2) ) /4;
kg = Ag * Eg / t ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( kb i s %0 . 3 f N/mm , kb ) ;
kb = kb *10^ -3;
kg = kg *10^ -3;
if ( kb <= kg ) then
printf ( \n The c o m b i n e s s t i f f n e s s o f b o l t and
g a s k e t i s %0 . 3 f kN/mm , kg )
45

22 end
23
24 // The d i f f e r e n c e

i n t h e v a l u e o f kb i s due t o
rounding o f f the value o f A

46

Chapter 6
LEVERS

Scilab code Exa 6.1 L1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 61
clc ;
clear ;
del =10;
k =500;
W = k * del ;
// L e t l o a d arm be l 1
l1 =200;
// L e t e f f o r t arm be l 2
l2 =500;
P = W * l1 / l2 ;
Ro = sqrt ( W ^2+ P ^2) ;
Ta =40;
d = sqrt ( Ro *4/(2* %pi * Ta ) ) ;
d =10;
pb =10;
d1 = sqrt ( Ro /( pb *1.5) ) ;
d1 =20;
l =1.5* d ;
t =10;
T = Ro *4/(2* %pi * d1 ^2) ;
47

22 M =( Ro /2*( l /2+ t /3) ) -( Ro /2* l /4) ;

23 sigb =32* M /( %pi * d1 ^3) ;
24 sigmax =( sigb /2) + sqrt (( sigb /2) ^2+ T ^2) ;
25 P = Ro /( l * d1 ) ;
26 D =2* d1 ;
27
28
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
29
printf ( d1 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, d1 ) ;
30
printf ( \n D i s %0 . 1 f mm
,D ) ;

Scilab code Exa 6.2 L2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// sum 62
clc ;
clear ;
d1 =80;
p =0.981;
Ta =40;
siga =80;
pa =15;
W = %pi *( d1 ^2) * p /4;
P = W /8;
Ws =W - P ;
d = sqrt ( W *4/( %pi *2* Ta ) ) ;
l =1.5* d ;
D =2* d ;
T = W /(2* %pi * pa ^2/4) ;
M1 = P *(700 -87.5 -( D /2) ) ;
h =50;
b = h /4;
Z = b * h ^2/6;
sigb = M1 / Z ;
pmax =80;
T =2465.6/ h ^2;
pmax =( sigb /2) + sqrt (( sigb /2) ^2+ T ^2) ;
48

24
25
26
27
28
29

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( h i s %0 . 2 f mm
,h ) ;
printf ( \n pmax i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, pmax ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f pmax i s due t o
rounding o f f the d i g i t s .

Scilab code Exa 6.3 L3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

// sum 63
clc ;
clear ;
P =((4*360) +(2*360) ) /900;
Fv =4 -2;
Fh = P ;
Fr = sqrt ( Fv ^2+ Fh ^2) ;
P1 =4*0.36/0.9;
Rf = sqrt (4^2+1.6^2) ;
d = sqrt ( Rf *10^3/(15*1.25) ) ;
d =16;
l =1.25* d ;
T = Rf *10^3*4/(2* %pi * d ^2) ;
D =2* d ;
M1 = Rf *10^3*(360 -( D /2) ) ;
pa =15;
h =80;
b = h /4;
Z = b * h ^2/6;
sigb = M1 / Z ;
T =4310/( b * h ) ;
pmax =( sigb /2) + sqrt (( sigb /2) ^2+ T ^2) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 1 f KN
,P ) ;
49

26

printf ( \n pmax i s %0 . 2 f MPa

, pmax ) ;

Scilab code Exa 6.4 L4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

// sum 64
clc ;
clear ;
l =360;
P =400;
Mh =2* P * l /3;
sigb =50;
l1 =60;
d =( Mh *32/( %pi * l1 ) ) ^(1/3) ;
d =30;
L =420;
siga =60;
H =20;
B = H /3;
Mx = P *( L - H /2) ;
Tx =2* P * l /3;
sigb1 = Mx *18/ H ^3;
Td = P /( B * H ) ;
Tr =17.17* Tx / H ^4;
T = Tr + Td ;
sigmax =( sigb1 /2) + sqrt (( sigb1 /2) ^2+ T ^2) ;
Tmax = sqrt (( sigb1 /2) ^2+ T ^2) ;
T=P*L;
M = P *( l1 +(2/3* l ) ) ;
Te = sqrt ( T ^2+ M ^2) ;
Ta =40;
D =( Te *16/( %pi * Ta ) ) ^(1/3) ;
D =30; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;
50

32

printf ( \n D i s %0 . 1 f mm

,D ) ;

Scilab code Exa 6.5 L5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

// sum 65
clc ;
clear ;
l2 =300;
l =450;
P =400;
Mx =2* P * l2 /3;
siga =80;
dh =( Mx *32/( %pi * siga ) ) ^(1/3) ;
dh =22;
L =(2* l2 /3) + l ;
T=P*L;
Ta =40;
d =( T *16/( %pi * Ta ) ) ^(1/3) ;
d =35;
d1 =1.6* d ;
Th = T *16* d1 /( %pi *( d1 ^4 - d ^4) ) ;
l1 =1.5* d ;
My = P *( L -( d1 /2) ) ;
B = dh ;
H = sqrt (3.66*75) ;
H =30;
Mz = P * l1 /2;
Te = sqrt ( T ^2+ Mz ^2) ;
d2 =( Te *16/( %pi * Ta ) ) ^(1/3) ;
d2 =32;
b = d /4;
b =9; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number
t = d /6;
t =6; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number

51

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n dh i s %0 . 1 f mm
, dh ) ;
printf ( \n d1 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, d1 ) ;
printf ( \n l 1 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, l1 ) ;
printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, d2 ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 1 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n t
i s %0 . 1 f mm
,t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 6.6 L6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// sum 66
clc ;
clear ;
L =450;
P =700;
T=P*L;
Ta =50;
d =( T *16/( %pi * Ta ) ) ^(1/3) ;
d =32;
d1 =1.6* d ;
d1 =52; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number
l1 =1.25* d ;
My = P *( L - d1 /2) ;
sigb =65;
H =( My *18/ sigb ) ^(1/3) ;
H =45;
B = H /3;
T1 = P /( B * H ) ;
sigmax =( sigb /2) + sqrt (( sigb /2) ^2+ T ^2) ;
Mx = P * l1 /2;
Te = sqrt (( T ) ^2+( Mx ^2) ) ;
d2 =( Te *16/( %pi * Ta ) ) ^(1/3) ;
d2 = d2 +6;
d2 =38; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number
52

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n d1 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, d1 ) ;
printf ( \n l 1 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, l1 ) ;
printf ( \n B i s %0 . 1 f mm
,B ) ;
printf ( \n H i s %0 . 1 f mm
,H ) ;
printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, d2 ) ;

53

Chapter 7
STRUTS AND COLUMNS

Scilab code Exa 7.1 SC1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 71
clc ;
clear ;
sigc =550;
FOS =4;
sigw = sigc / FOS ;
l =4000;
le = l /2;
A = %pi *(1 -0.7^2) /4;
K =(1+0.7^2) /16;
Pr =800*10^3;
a =1/1600;
D =130; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number
d = D *0.7;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( D i s %0 . 1 f mm
,D ) ;
printf ( \n d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;

54

Scilab code Exa 7.2 SC2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

// sum 72
clc ;
clear ;
l =500;
E =70*10^3;
P =20*10^3;
FOS =2;
d = P *2*12*4* l ^2/(( %pi ) ^2* E ) ;
d =( sqrt (8) * d ) ^0.25;
b = d / sqrt (8) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 2 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 2 f mm
,b ) ;

Scilab code Exa 7.3 SC3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 73
clc ;
clear ;
Ixx =(2*1696.6) +115.4;
Iyy =1696.6+(2*115.4) +(2*25.27*10.27^2) ;
A =3*25.27;
Kmin = sqrt ( Ixx /75.81) ;
L =600;
k = L / Kmin ;
sigc =110;
c =1/200;
sigw = sigc *(1 -( c * k ) ) ;
Pw = sigw * A ;
a =1/7500;
sigc1 =320;
Pr =( sigc1 * A ) /(1+( a *( L / Kmin ) ^2) ) ;
55

17 FOS = Pr / Pw ;
18
19
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
20
printf ( FOS i s %0 . 2 f
, FOS ) ;

Scilab code Exa 7.4 SC4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 74
clc ;
clear ;
Iyy =193.4+(2*1.2*1.5^3/12) ;
E =200*10^3;
l =500;
Pe =( %pi ^2) * E * Iyy *10^5/( l ^2) ;
A =35.53+(2*1.2*15) ;
sige = Pe /7530;
k = sqrt ( Iyy / A ) ;
xc =75;
sig =80;
sigo =20.875;
A = A *100;
P = sigo * A ;
P = P *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 1 f kN
,P ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f P i s due t o
rounding o f f the d i g i t s .

Scilab code Exa 7.5 SC5

1

// sum 75
56

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

clc ;
clear ;
sigc =330;
a =1/7500;
t =4;
A =14.5* t ^2;
l =300;
Kx = sqrt (1.4626* t ^2) ;
Pr = sigc * A /(1+( a *( l / Kx ) ^2) ) ;
FOS =2;
P = Pr / FOS *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 4 f KN
,P ) ;

Scilab code Exa 7.6 SC6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 76
clc ;
clear ;
P =1500;
FOS =2;
Pd = FOS * P ;
l =280;
E =207*10^3;
I = Pd * l ^2/( %pi ^2* E ) ;
D =(64* I /( %pi *(1 -0.8^4) ) ) ^(1/4) ;
D =8;
d =6.4;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( D i s %0 . 1 f mm
,D ) ;
printf ( \n d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;

57

Scilab code Exa 7.7 SC7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 77
clc ;
clear ;
D =500;
p =0.3;
E =208*10^3;
sigc =320;
a =1/7500;
l =2000;
le = l /2;
W = %pi * D ^2* p /4;
FOS =4;
Wd = W * FOS ;
I = Wd * l ^2/( %pi ^2* E ) ;
d =(64* I / %pi ) ^(1/4) ;
A = %pi * d ^2/4;
k = d /4;
d =45; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;

58

Chapter 8
SPRINGS

Scilab code Exa 8.1 S8 1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 81
clc ;
clear ;
d =5;
D =30;
G =84*(10^3) ;
Na =15;
// A x i a l Load W
W =300;
// S p r i n g i n d e x C
C =30/5;
// S h e a r s t r e s s Augmentation f a c t o r Ks
Ks =((2* C ) +1) /(2* C ) ;
// Wahl s f a c t o r Kw
Kw =(((4* C ) -1) /((4* C ) -4) ) +(0.615/ C ) ;
// C u r v a t u r e c o r r e c t i o n f a c t o r Kc
Kc = Kw / Ks ;
// S p r i n g s t i f f n e s s k
k =( G *( d ^4) ) /(8*( D ^3) * Na ) ;
// A x i a l d e f l e c t i o n d e l t a
delta = W / k ;
59

22
23
24
25
26
27
28

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Ks i s %0 . 4 f , Ks ) ;
printf ( \n Kw i s %0 . 4 f , Kw ) ;
printf ( \n Kc i s %0 . 3 f , Kc ) ;
printf ( \n The S p r i n g S t i f f n e s s i s %0 . 1 f N/mm ,k ) ;
printf ( \n The A x i a l d e f l e c t i o n i s %0 . 3 f mm , delta ) ;

Scilab code Exa 8.2 S8 2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// sum 82
clc ;
clear ;
W =196.2;
lenthofscale =50;
k =196.2/50;
C =8;
Ks =(1+(0.5/ C ) ) ;
// L e t u s c h o o s e o i l t e m p e r e d w i r e 0 . 6 0 . 7 %C. R e f e r
t o T a b l e 84 f o r c o n s t a n t s A and m, r e l a t i n g
strength wire
// d i a m e t e r .
G =77.2*(10^3) ;
A =1855;
m =0.187;
// e q u a t i n g Tmax=0.5 s i g ( u t ) .
// Ks ( 8 WD/ ( p i ( d 3 ) ) ) =0.5A/ ( d 2 )
d1 =( Ks *(8* W * C /( %pi * A *0.5) ) ) ;
d = d1 ^(1/1.813) ;
D=C*d;
Na = G *( d ^4) /(8*( D ^3) * k ) ;
// S o l i d l e n g t h = SL
SL =( Na -1) * d

60

24
25
26
27
28
29
30

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( w i r e d i a m e t e r i s %0 . 3 f mm ,d ) ;
printf ( \n mean d i a m e t e r i s %0 . 3 f mm ,D ) ;
printf ( \n Number o f a c t i n g c o i l s a r e %0 . 3 f , Na ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e s o f d , D and Na i s due
to rounding o f f the d i g i t s .

Scilab code Exa 8.3 S8 3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

// sum 83
clc ;
clear ;
d =1.626;
A =2211;
m =0.145;
rm =3;
ri =( rm -( d /2) ) ;
sigma = A /( d ^ m ) ;
W =( sigma * %pi *( d ^3) * ri ) /(32*( rm ^2) ) ;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( U l t i m a t e t e n s i l e S t r e n g t h i s %0 . 1 f MPa ,
sigma ) ;
14 printf ( \n F o r c e a t which t h e s p r i n g hook f a i l s i s
%0 . 1 f N ,W ) ;
15
16

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e s o f s i g m a and W i s due

to rounding o f f the d i g i t s .

Scilab code Exa 8.4 S8 4

61

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 84
clc ;
clear ;
Do =25;
// mean c o i l d i a m e t e r D=25d
W =150;
T =800;
G =81000;
// S u b s t i t u t i n g v a l u e s i n e q u a t i o n T=8WD/ ( %pi ( d
3) )
// t h e r e f o r e , t h e e q u a t i o n becomes d 3 + 0 . 4 7 7 d =
11.936
// c o n s i d e r d =2.2mm, ( d can be t a k e n b e t w e e n 2 . 2 2 . 3
mm)
d =2.337; // ( n e a r e s t a v a i l a b l e w i r e g a u g e )
C =9.5;
D =22.2;
Do = D + d ;
Ks =1+(0.5/ C ) ;
Tmax = Ks *8* W * D /( %pi *( d ^3) ) ;
// c h e c k f o r s a f e t y Tmax<T ;
Lo =100;
Ls =40;
// Lo=Ls+d e l t a + 0.1 5 d e l t a
delta =( Lo - Ls ) /1.15;
delta =50;
k =150/50;
Na =( G * d ^4) /(8*( D ^3) * k ) ;

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27 N = Na +2;
28 Ls = N * d ;
29 Lo = Ls +(1.15* delta ) ;
30
31
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
32
printf ( d i s %0 . 3 fmm ,d ) ;
33
printf ( \n D i s %0 . 2 f mm ,D ) ;
34
printf ( \n Ls i s %0 . 2 f mm , Ls ) ;
35
printf ( \n Lo i s %0 . 2 f mm , Lo ) ;

62

36
37

if ( Do <=25)
disp ( The d i a m e t e r i s w i t h i n s p a c e c o n s t r a i n t s
);
38 end

Scilab code Exa 8.5 S8 5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// sum 85A
clc ;
clear ;
Di =15;
Do =20;
d =2.3;
D =17.5;
C=D/d;
Ks =1+(0.5/ C ) ;
Wmax =100;
Tmax = Ks *8* Wmax * D /( %pi *( d ^3) ) ;
G =81000;
delmax =67.7/2.366;
k =100/28;
Na = G *( d ^4) /(8* k *( D ^3) ) ;
Ls = Na +1; // ( f o r p l a i n e n d s )
delmax =28;
//TL= t o t a l w o r k i n g l e n g t h
TL = Ls + delmax +(0.15* delmax ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 fmm ,d ) ;
printf ( \n C i s %0 . 1 f ,C ) ;
printf ( \n Na i s %0 . 1 f , Na ) ;

Scilab code Exa 8.6 S8 6

63

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

// sum 86
clc ;
clear ;
// 18 SWG= 1 . 2 1 9MM i n d i a
d =1.219;
E =198.6*10^3;
G =80.7*10^3;
m =0.19;
A =1783;
sig = A /( d ^ m ) ;
Tys =(0.4* sig ) ;
Do =12.5;
D = Do - d ;
C=D/d;
Ks =((2* C ) +1) /(2* C ) ;
W =( Tys * %pi *( d ^3) ) /(8* D * Ks ) ;
Nt =13.5;
Na = Nt -2;
del =(8* W *( D ^3) * Na ) /( G *( d ^4) ) ;
Ls =( Nt -1) * d ;
Lo = Ls + del +(0.15* del ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tys i s %0 . 1 f MPa , Tys ) ;
printf ( \n W i s %0 . 1 f N ,W ) ;
printf ( \n d e l i s %0 . 3 f mm , del ) ;
printf ( \n Ls i s %0 . 4 f mm , Ls ) ;
printf ( \n Lo i s %0 . 2 f mm , Lo ) ;
// Answers i n t h e book f o r T o r s i o n a l y e i l d s t r e n g t h
have b e e n rounded o f f t o t h e n e a r e s t w h o l e
number .

Scilab code Exa 8.7 S8 7

64

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

// sum 87
clc ;
clear ;
d =1.016;
A =2211;
m =0.145;
G =81000;
Nt =16;
Na =16 -2;
sig = A /( d ^ m ) ;
Tys =0.45* sig ;
Do =12.6;
D = Do - d ;
C=D/d;
Ks =1+(0.5/ C ) ;
W =( Tys * %pi *( d ^3) ) /(8* D * Ks ) ;
k =( G *( d ^4) ) /(8*( D ^3) * Na ) ;
del = W / k ;
Ls =( Nt -1) * d ;
Lo = Ls +(1.15* del ) ;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tys i s %0 . 1 f MPa , Tys ) ;
printf ( \n Do i s %0 . 1 f N , Do ) ;
printf ( \n W i s %0 . 1 f N ,W ) ;
printf ( \n k i s %0 . 3 f N ,k ) ;
printf ( \n d e l i s %0 . 2 f mm , del ) ;
printf ( \n Ls i s %0 . 2 f mm , Ls ) ;
printf ( \n Lo i s %0 . 3 f mm , Lo ) ;
if (( Lo / D ) >=5.26)
disp ( The s p r i n g w i l l
end

f a i l under b u c k l i n g );

// V a l u e s a f t e r t h e d e c i m a l p o i n t h a s n o t b e e n
c o n s i d e r e d f o r answer o f T o r s i o n a l y e i l d s t r e n g t h
i n t h e book , w h e r e a s a n s w e r s f o r d e f l e c t i o n and
65

f r e e l e n g t h i s d i f f e r e n t a s e n t i r e v a l u e o f
v a r i a b l e s i s taken f o r c a l c u l a t i o n in the code .

Scilab code Exa 8.8 S8 8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

// sum 88
clc ;
clear ;
d =2;
Do =20;
D = Do - d ;
C=D/d;
Na =9;
// M a t e r i a l h a r d drawn s p r i n g s t e e l
A =1783;
m =0.19;
G =81000;
sig = A /( d ^ m ) ;
Tys =0.45* sig
Kf =1.5;
Ta = Tys / Kf ;
Ks =1+(0.5/ C ) ;
W =( Ta * %pi *( d ^3) ) /(8* D * Ks ) ;
k =( G *( d ^4) ) /(8*( D ^3) * Na ) ;
del = W / k ;
Lo =(( Na +1) * d ) +(1.15* del ) ;
p =( Lo - d ) / Na ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( k i s %0 . 3 f N/mm ,k ) ;
printf ( \n W i s %0 . 1 f N ,W ) ;
printf ( \n Lo i s %0 . 3 f mm , Lo ) ;
printf ( \n p i s %0 . 3 f mm ,p ) ;

66

31
if (( Lo ) >=47.34)
32
disp ( The s p r i n g w i l l f a i l u n d e r b u c k l i n g ) ;
33 end
34
35 // The a n s w e r f o r v a l u e o f s p r i n g r a t e k i s

m i s p r i n t e d i n t h e book . Due t o t h i s a l l
s u b s e q u e n t v a l u e s o f d e l , Lo , p i s c a l u c a t e d
i n c o r r e c t l y i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 8.9 S8 9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// sum 89
clc ;
clear ;
// f o r m u s i c w i r e
d1 =11.5;
A =2211;
d =1.5;
m =0.145;
sigut = A /( d ^ m ) ;
sigy =0.78* sigut ;
Do =16;
E =2*(10^5) ;
Nb =4.25;
D = Do - d ;
C=D/d;
Ki =((4*( C ^2) ) -C -1) /(4* C *( C -1) ) ;
Mmax =( sigy * %pi *( d ^3) ) /(32* Ki ) ;
kc =(( d ^4) * E ) /(10.8* D * Nb ) ;
theta3 = Mmax / kc ;
l1 =20;
l2 =20;
Ne =( l1 + l2 ) /(3* %pi * D ) ;
Na = Nb + Ne ;
k =(( d ^4) * E ) /(10.8* Na * D ) ;
67

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45

thetat = Mmax /k ;
ke =(3* %pi *( d ^4) * E ) /(10.8*( l1 + l2 ) ) ;
// a n g d i s p=t h e t a 1+t h e t a 2=Mmax/ ke ;
angdisp = Mmax / ke ;
//D1 i s f i n a l c o i l d i a m e t e r
D1 =( Nb * D ) /( Nb + theta3 ) ;
// IRC= I n i t i a l r a d i a l c l e a r a n c e
IRC =(( D - d ) - d1 ) /2;
//FRC=F i n a l r a d i a l c l e a r a n c e
FRC =(( D1 - d ) - d1 ) /2;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Maximum Torque i s %0 . 2 f Nmm , Mmax ) ;
printf ( \n t h e t a 3 i s %0 . 3 f t u r n s , theta3 ) ;
printf ( \n Ne i s %0 . 3 f t u r n s , Ne ) ;
printf ( \n ke i s %0 . 1 f N/mm , ke ) ;
printf ( \n t h e t a 1+t h e t a 2 i s %0 . 4 f t u r n s , angdisp ) ;
printf ( \n D1 i s %0 . 2 f mm , D1 ) ;
printf ( \n IRC i s %0 . 2 f mm , IRC ) ;
printf ( \n FRC i s %0 . 2 f mm , FRC ) ;

Scilab code Exa 8.10 S8 10

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 810
clc ;
clear ;
A =1783;
m =0.190;
d =1.5;
D =15;
M =300;
E =20800;
k =30;
// s i g u l t = u l t i m a t e s t r e n g t h o f t h e m a t e r i a l
68

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

// s i g y= y i e l d s t r e n g t h o f t h e m a t e r i a l
sigult = A /( d ^ m ) ;
sigy =0.7* sigult ;
// s i g a= a l l o w a b l e y i e l d s t r e n g t h o f t h e m a t e r i a l
siga = sigy /2;
C=D/d;
Ki =(4*( C ^2) -C -1) /(4* C *( C -1) ) ;
Z = %pi *( d ^3) /32;
// s i g b=b e n d i n g s t r e n g t h o f t h e m a t e r i a l ;
sigb = Ki * M / Z ;
while ( sigb >= siga )
d = d +0.15;
D =15;
C=D/d;
sigult = A /( d ^ m ) ;
sigy =0.7* sigult ;
siga = sigy /2;
Ki =(4*( C ^2) -C -1) /(4* C *( C -1) ) ;
Z = %pi *( d ^3) /32;
sigb = Ki * M / Z ;
end
d =2; // r o u n d i n g o f f t h e v a l u e o f t h e d i a m e t e r .
D;
Na =( d ^4) * E /(64* D * k ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm ,d ) ;
printf ( \n D i s %0 . 1 f mm ,D ) ;
printf ( \n Na i s %0 . 2 f mm , Na ) ;

Scilab code Exa 8.11 S8 11

1 // sum 811
2 clc ;
3 clear ;

69

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

L =1180;
W =40*(10^3) ;
Nf =2;
Ng =8;
E =207*(10^3) ;
// s i g u t i s u l t i m a t e s t r e n g t h
sigut =1400;
FOS =2;
// s i g a= a l l o w a b l e y i e l d s t r e n g t h o f t h e m a t e r i a l
siga =1400/2;
// s i g b f =b e n d i n g s t r e n g t h i n f u l l l e n g t h
sigbf =700;
b =75;
t =((4.5* W * L ) /(((3* Nf ) +(2* Ng ) ) * sigbf ) ) ^(0.5) ;
t =14;
I =( Nf * b *( t ^3) ) /12;
Wf =(3* Nf * W ) /((3* Nf ) +(2* Ng ) ) ;
del =( Wf *( L ^3) ) /(48* E * I ) ;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 0 f mm ,t ) ;
printf ( \n Wf i s %0 . 0 f N , Wf ) ;
printf ( \n I i s %0 . 0 f mm4 ,I ) ;
printf ( \n d e l i s %0 . 1 f mm , del ) ;

Scilab code Exa 8.12 S8 12A

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

// sum 812A
clc ;
clear ;
W =80000;
sigbfr =500;
L =1100;
Nf =3;
70

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Ng =10;
N = Nf + Ng ;
t =((1.5* W * L ) /( N *6* sigbfr ) ) ^(1/3) ;
t =15;
b =6* t ;
E =207*10^3;
deli =( W *( L ^3) ) /(8* E * N * b *( t ^3) ) ;
Wi =( W * Nf * Ng ) /( N *((3* Nf ) +(2* Ng ) ) ) ;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 f mm ,t ) ;
printf ( \n d e l i i s %0 . 1 f mm , deli ) ;
printf ( \n Wi i s %0 . 0 f N , Wi ) ;

Scilab code Exa 8.13 S8 13

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 813
clc ;
clear ;
// u l t i m a t e s t r e n g t h=s i g u t
sigut =1500;
C =7;
d =3;
D=C*d;
Ks =1+(0.5/ C ) ;
Kw =(((4* C ) -1) /((4* C ) -4) ) +(0.615/ C ) ;
Pmax =120;
Pmin =40;
Pm =80;
Tm =( Ks *8* Pm * D ) /( %pi *( d ^3) ) ;
Ta =( Kw *8* Pmin * D ) /( %pi *( d ^3) ) ;
Tse =0.22* sigut ;
Tys =0.45* sigut ;
x =( Tys -(0.5* Tse ) ) /(0.5* Tse ) ;
71

19 y =(( x ) * Ta ) + Tm ;
20 FOS =( Tys / y ) ;
21
22
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
23
printf ( Tm i s %0 . 2 f MPa , Tm ) ;
24
printf ( \n Ta i s %0 . 1 f MPa , Ta ) ;
25
printf ( \n FOS i s %0 . 3 f , FOS ) ;

Scilab code Exa 8.14 S8 14

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// sum 814
clc ;
clear ;
Tse =360;
Tys =660;
d =25;
P =0.03;
m =40;
Pmin =(( %pi *( d ^2) * P ) /4) +( m *9.81/1000) ;
k =6;
// A d d i t i o n a l l o a d= Padd=k f u r t h e r c o m p r e s s i o n i n
spring
Padd = k *10;
Pmax = Padd + Pmin ;
Pm =( Pmax + Pmin ) /2;
Pa =( Pmax - Pmin ) /2;
d =2;
D =12;
C =6;
Ks =1+(0.5/ C ) ;
Ks =1.083;
Kw =(((4* C ) -1) /((4* C ) -4) ) +(0.615/ C ) ;
Ta =( Kw *8* Pa * D ) /( %pi *( d ^3) ) ;
Tm =( Ks *8* Pm * D ) /( %pi *( d ^3) ) ;
x =( Tys -(0.5* Tse ) ) /(0.5* Tse ) ;
72

25 y =(( x ) * Ta ) + Tm ;
26 FOS =( Tys / y ) ;
27
28
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
29
printf ( Tm i s %0 . 2 f MPa , Tm ) ;
30
printf ( \n Ta i s %0 . 3 f MPa , Ta ) ;
31
printf ( \n FOS i s %0 . 2 f , FOS ) ;

73

Chapter 9
THREADED FASTENERS

Scilab code Exa 9.1 TF1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 91
clc ;
clear ;
p1 =2;
d =16;
dt1 =d -(0.93825* p1 ) ;
At1 = %pi * dt1 ^2/4;
p2 =1.5;
d =16;
dt2 =d -(0.93825* p2 ) ;
At2 = %pi * dt2 ^2/4;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( At1 i s %0 . 1 f mm2
, At1 ) ;
printf ( \n At2 i s %0 . 1 f mm2
, At2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 9.2 TF2

74

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 92
clc ;
clear ;
W =20*10^3;
n =4;
// L e t t h e l o a d on e a c h b o l t be W1
W1 = W / n ;
At = W1 /80;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( At i s %0 . 1 f mm2
, At ) ;

Scilab code Exa 9.3 TF3

// sum 93
clc ;
clear ;
d =18;
p =2.5;
dr =d -(1.2268* p ) ;
dm =( d + dr ) /2;
alpha = atan ( p /( %pi * dm ) ) ;
theta = %pi *30/180;
u1 =0.15;
u2 =0.13;
x =( tan ( alpha ) +( u1 / cos ( theta ) ) ) /(1 -( tan ( alpha ) * u1 / cos
( theta ) ) ) ;
13 K = dm * x /(2* d ) +(0.625* u2 ) ;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

14
15
16

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( K i s %0 . 5 f
,K ) ;

Scilab code Exa 9.4 TF4

75

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

// sum 94
clc ;
clear ;
d =20;
t =4;
Lg =84;
Ad = %pi * d ^2/4;
Eb =205*10^3;
Ed =105*10^3;
kb = Ad * Eb / Lg ;
lg =80;
x =5*( lg +(0.5* d ) ) /( lg +(2.5* d ) ) ;
kp = %pi * Ed * d /(2* log ( x ) ) ;
At =245;
sigb =105;
Pe =20*10^3;
Pb = Pe * kb /( kb + kp ) ;
sigad = Pb / At ;
finalst = sigb + sigad ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( f i n a l s t r e s s i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
finalst ) ;

Scilab code Exa 9.5 TF5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

// sum 95
clc ;
clear ;
Eb =207*10^3;
Ec =105*10^3;
sigp =650;
At =115;
Pi =0.75* sigp * At ;
F = sigp * At ;
76

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

// L e t t h e a d d i t i o n a l l o a d Fadd
Padd =F - Pi ;
d =14;
Ad = %pi * d ^2/4;
Lg =63;
kb = Ad * Eb / Lg ;
lg =60;
x =5*( lg +(0.5* d ) ) /( lg +(2.5* d ) ) ;
km = %pi * Ec * d /(2* log ( x ) ) ;
C = kb /( kb + km ) ;
Pe = Padd / C ;
K =0.2;
Ti = Pi * K * d *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Ti i s %0 . 2 f Nm
, Ti ) ;

Scilab code Exa 9.6 TF6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 96
clc ;
clear ;
d =20;
sigp =600;
At =245;
Pi =120*10^3;
Pe =30*10^3;
C =0.35;
Pb = C * Pe ;
P = Pi + Pb ;
sigi = Pi / At ;
sigf = P / At ;
K =0.18;
T = K * d * Pi *10^ -3;
E1 = sigi / sigp ;
77

17 E2 = sigf / sigp ;
18
19
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
20
printf ( s i g i i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, sigi ) ;
21
printf ( \n s i g i i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, sigf ) ;
22
printf ( \n T i s %0 . 0 f Nm
,T ) ;
23
printf ( \n E1 i s %0 . 3 f
, E1 ) ;
24
printf ( \n E2 i s %0 . 3 f
, E2 ) ;
25
26
// V a l u e u p t o t e n t h t h p l a c e i s c o n s i d e r e d i n t h e

book f o r v a l u e o f f i n a l

s t r e s s in bolt ,

sigf

Scilab code Exa 9.7 TF7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 97
// The sum s e q u e n c e i s numbered i n c o r r e c t l y i n t h e
book , from t h i s sum ownwards .
clc ;
clear ;
p =2;
d =16;
dt =d -(0.938* p ) ;
At = %pi * dt ^2/4;
r =60* sqrt (2) ;
Td =1/(4* At ) ;
Ta =120;
T =8.722*10^ -3;
P = Ta / T *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 3 f kN
,P ) ;
// V a l u e u p t o h u n d r e d t h p l a c e i s c o n s i d e r e d i n t h e
book f o r v a l u e o f p e r m i s s i b l e l o a d , P

78

Scilab code Exa 9.8 TF8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// sum 98
clc ;
clear ;
sigyp =460;
FOS =2;
Ts =0.577* sigyp / FOS ;
At =245;
r =100;
P = Ts * At /1.453*10^ -3;
// Open p r o b 9 p 8 . t x t f i l e
fid = mopen ( p r o b 9 p 8 . t x t , w ) ;
// e r r o r m e s s a g e
if ( fid == -1)
error ( c a n n o t open f i l e f o r w r i t i n g ) ;
end
mfprintf ( fid , Problem 9 . 8 S o l u t i o n : \ nThe
e c c e n t r i c l o a d i s %f N
,P ) ;
mclose ( fid ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 3 f kN
,P ) ;
// V a l u e o f t h o u s a n d t h p l a c e o f e c c e n t r i c l o a d ,
i s m i s p r i n t e d i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 9.9 TF9

1 // sum 99
2 clc ;

79

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

clear ;
P =4*10^3;
e =200;
l1 =150;
l2 =550;
sigyp =420;
FOS =3;
siga = sigyp /3;
M=P*e;
At =12.5;
At =14.2;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( At i s %0 . 1 f mm2
, At ) ;

Scilab code Exa 9.10 TF10

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 910
clc ;
clear ;
Pi =10*10^3;
sigyp =420;
FOS =2;
sige = sigyp / FOS ;
K1 =0.85;
K2 =0.74;
K4 =0.868;
SCF =2.4;
K3 =1/ SCF ;
sige = sige * K1 * K2 * K3 * K4 ;
Pe =10*10^3/3;
Pmax = Pi + Pe ;
Pmin = Pi ;
Pa =( Pmax - Pmin ) /2;
Pm =( Pmax + Pmin ) /2;
80

19 theta = atan ( Pa / Pm ) ;
20 siga =21.132;
21 At = Pa / siga ;
22 At =84.2;
23
24
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
25
printf ( At i s %0 . 1 f mm2
, At ) ;
26
disp ( M12 c o a r s e p i t c h b o l t w i t h 1 . 7 5 mm p i t c h

used );

Scilab code Exa 9.11 TF11

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 911
clc ;
clear ;
Pi =15;
Pmax =15+3.75;
Pmin =15+1.25;
Pa =( Pmax - Pmin ) /2;
Pm =( Pmax + Pmin ) /2;
K1 =0.85;
K2 =0.7;
K4 =0.897;
SCF =2.4;
K3 =1/ SCF ;
sige =900/4* K1 * K2 * K3 * K4 ;
siga =28.115;
At = Pa *10^3/ siga ;
At =58;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( At i s %0 . 0 f mm2
, At ) ;

81

is

Chapter 10
PIPES AND PIPE JOINTS

Scilab code Exa 10.1 PPJ1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 101
clc ;
clear ;
sigta =140/2;
nt =0.75;
// L e t t h e f l o w r a t e be Q
Q =0.25;
v =1.2;
D =1.13* sqrt ( Q / v ) ;
D =520;
p =0.7;
C =9;
t =( p * D ) /(2* sigta * nt ) + C ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 f mm
,t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 10.2 PPJ2

82

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

// sum 102
clc ;
clear ;
p =3*8;
sigta =60;
d =150;
t = d /2* sqrt ((( sigta + p ) /( sigta - p ) ) -1) ;
t =75* sqrt ((84/36) -1) ;
t =40;
do = d +(2* t ) ;
D = d +(2* t ) +20;
w =10;
Ds = d +(2* w ) ;
P = %pi *( Ds ^2) *8/4;
sigp =310;
FOS =4;
sigb =77.5;
At = P /( sigb *2) ;
At =1300;
D =250;
db =45;
b=D;
a =1.8* b ;
CD = D +(2* db *1.2) ;
sigp =310;
Pr =0.75* sigp * At ;
Pr = Pr *10^ -3;
t =40;
D1 = d +(2* t ) +20;
D2 = D1 +(4.6*31) ;
CD = D2 -((3* t ) +20) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Pr i s %0 . 2 f kN
, Pr ) ;
printf ( \n D1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, D1 ) ;
printf ( \n D2 i s %0 . 1 f mm
, D2 ) ;
printf ( \n CD i s %0 . 1 f mm
, CD ) ;

83

Scilab code Exa 10.3 PPJ3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// sum 103
clc ;
clear ;
p =14;
d =50;
sigyp =270;
FOS =3;
sigta = sigyp / FOS ;
pt =2* p ;
t = d /2* sqrt ((( sigta + pt ) /( sigta - pt ) ) -1) ;
t =10;
D1 = d +(2* t ) ;
Ds = D1 +20;
P = %pi *( Ds ^2) * p /4;
sigba =380/4;
At = P /(4* sigba ) ;
At =245;
db =20;
Dd =70+(2*20) +5;
R = db +2.5;
B =( Dd / sqrt (2) ) +(2*( db +2.5) ) ;
B =127;
Y = Dd /(2* sqrt (2) ) ;
Rm =34.12;
M =( P * Y /2) +( P * Rm / %pi ) ;
sigfa =250/5;
b =127/70;
Z = b /6;
tf = sqrt ( M /( sigfa * Z ) ) ;
tf =44;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
84

33
34
35
36
37
38

printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n B i s %0 . 0 f mm
,B ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 1 f mm
,R ) ;
printf ( \n Y i s %0 . 2 f mm
,Y ) ;
printf ( \n t f i s %0 . 0 f mm
, tf ) ;

Scilab code Exa 10.4 PPJ4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

// sum 104
clc ;
clear ;
p =1.25;
D =200;
nt =0.75;
C =9;
sigta =20;
t =( p * D ) /(2* sigta * nt ) + C ;
t =18;
D1 = D +(2* t ) ;
dr = D1 +10;
sigp =310;
sigba = sigp /4;
db =16;
Db = dr +32+5;
Do = Db +(2* db ) ;
P = %pi *(251+ db ) ^2*1.25/4;
n =6;
Y =( Db - dr ) /2;
M=P/n*Y;
Z = dr * tand (30) /6;
tf = sqrt ( M /( sigta * Z ) ) ;
tf =22;
Deff = dr + db +5;

85

27
28
29
30
31
32

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( D i s %0 . 0 f mm
,D ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n Y i s %0 . 1 f mm
,Y ) ;
printf ( \n t f i s %0 . 0 f mm
, tf ) ;
printf ( \n D e f f i s %0 . 0 f mm
, Deff ) ;

86

Chapter 11
RIVETED JOINTS

Scilab code Exa 11.1 RJ1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 111
clc ;
clear ;
t =20;
p =100;
d =25;
sigt =40;
P =( p - d ) * t * sigt ;
Ts =(4* P ) /( %pi * d ^2) ;
sigb = P /( d * t ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 0 f N
,P ) ;
printf ( \n Ts i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, Ts ) ;
printf ( \n s i g b i s %0 . 0 f MPa
, sigb ) ;

Scilab code Exa 11.2 RJ2

87

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 112
clc ;
clear ;
t =22;
t1 =5* t /8;
d =30;
p =100;
sigt =75;
P =( p - d ) * t * sigt ;
Ts =(2* P ) /( %pi * d ^2) ;
sigb = P /( d * t ) ;
P = P *10^ -3
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 1 f kN
,P ) ;
printf ( \n Ts i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, Ts ) ;
printf ( \n s i g b i s %0 . 0 f N/mm2
, sigb ) ;

Scilab code Exa 11.3 RJ3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 113
clc ;
clear ;
t =15;
t1 =5* t /8;
d =25;
n =2;
Ta =80;
sigta =100;
sigba =120;
Ps = n *1.875* %pi * d ^2* Ta /4;
Pb = n * d * t * sigba ;
p = Pb /( t * Ta ) + d ;
Pp = p * t * Ta ;
n = Pb / Pp ;

88

17
18
19
20

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( p i s %0 . 0 f mm
,p ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 2 f
,n ) ;

Scilab code Exa 11.4 RJ4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

// sum 114
clc ;
clear ;
b =200;
t =16;
d =6* sqrt ( t ) ;
sigta =80;
Ta =60;
sigba =100;
Pt =( b - d ) * t * sigta ;
Ps =1.875* %pi * d ^2* Ta /4;
Pb = d * t * sigba ;
n1 = Pt / Pb ;
n1 =6;
Pt2 =(( b -(2* d ) ) * t * sigta ) + Pb ;
Pt3 =(( b -(3* d ) ) * t * sigta ) +(3* Pb ) ;
Pp = b * t * sigta ;
n2 = Pt / Pp ;
n2 = n2 *100;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n n1 i s %0 . 0 f
, n1 ) ;
printf ( \n Pt i s %0 . 0 f N
, Pt ) ;
printf ( \n Pt2 i s %0 . 0 f N
, Pt2 ) ;
printf ( \n Pt3 i s %0 . 0 f N
, Pt3 ) ;
printf ( \n n2 i s %0 . 0 f
, n2 ) ;

89

29

// Answer t o s t r e n g t h o f r i v e t i n b e a r i n g Pb i s
c a l c u l a t e d i n c o r r e c t l y i n t h e book , h e n c e Pt2 ,
Pt3 i s c a l c u l a t e d s u b s e q u e n t l y i n c o r r e c t .

Scilab code Exa 11.5 RJ5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 115
clc ;
clear ;
a =50;
b =75;
P =36*10^3;
d =24;
Ta =60;
n =9;
A = %pi * d ^2/4;
Td = P /( n * A ) ;
theta = atan ( b / a ) ;
Ts =54.64;
r2 =90.184;
e = A *29575.7/ P ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( e i s %0 . 1 f mm
,e ) ;

Scilab code Exa 11.6 RJ6

1 // sum 116
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 P =12*10^3;
5 Tmax =100;
6 n =6;

90

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

e =50+50+(5/2) ;
T=P*e;
Td = P / n ;
ra =125;
k = T /((2*125^2) +(2*75^2) +(2*25^2) ) ;
Tr =( k * ra ) + Td ;
A = Tr / Tmax ;
d = sqrt ( A *4/ %pi ) ;
d =12;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;

Scilab code Exa 11.7 RJ7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 117
clc ;
clear ;
t =15;
d =6* sqrt ( t ) ;
d =24;
sigta =75;
sigba =105;
Ta =60;
n =4;
Pt = n * %pi * d ^2* Ta /4;
x = d * t * sigta ;
y =2* t * sigta ;
p =( Pt + x ) / y ;
p =60;
C =4.17;
pmax =( C * t ) +41.28;
Pt1 =( y * p ) -x ;
Ps = n * %pi * d ^2* Ta /4;
Pb = n * d * t * sigba ;
91

21 S =2* p * t * sigta ;
22 n = Pt1 / S ;
23 n = n *100;
24
25
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n
26
printf ( n i s %0 . 0 f

s c i l a b o /p window
,n ) ;

Scilab code Exa 11.8 RJ8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

// sum 118
clc ;
clear ;
D =1500;
p =2;
nt =0.75;
sigut =420;
FOS =5;
sigta = sigut / FOS ;
t = p * D /(2* sigta * nt ) ;
t =24;
d =6* sqrt ( t ) ;
d =30;
Ta =330/5;
sigba =640/5;
Ps =2*1.875* %pi *( d ^2) * Ta /4;
p =( Ps /( t * sigta ) ) + d ;
p =117;
t1 =5* t /8;
Pt =( p - d ) * t * sigta ;
Pp = p * t * sigta ;
Pb =2* d * t * sigba ;
n = Ps / Pb ;
n = n *100;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
92

27

printf ( n i s %0 . 0 f

,n ) ;

Scilab code Exa 11.9 RJ9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

// sum 119
clc ;
clear ;
D =1200;
p =2.5;
sigba =110;
Pa = %pi * D ^2* p /4;
nt =0.8;
sigta =80;
t = p * D /(2* sigta * nt ) ;
t =24;
d =6* sqrt ( t ) ;
d =30;
Ta =55;
Ps = %pi *( d ^2) * Ta /4;
Np = Pa / Ps ;
Np =74;
nr = Np /2;
p = %pi *( D + t ) / nr ;
pb =2* d ;
m =1.5* d ;
Pt =( p - d ) * t * sigta ;
Ps =2* Ps ;
Pb =2* d * t * sigba ;
Pp = p * t * sigta ;
n = Ps / Pp ;
n = n *100;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( n i s %0 . 0 f
,n ) ;

93

Chapter 12
WELDED JOINTS

Scilab code Exa 12.1 WJ1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 121
clc ;
clear ;
h =8;
F =100*10^3;
t =0.707* h ;
A =4*60* t ;
T=F/A;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( T i s %0 . 1 f MPa
,T ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.2 WJ2

1 // sum 122
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 FOS =3;

94

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Ta =95/ FOS ;
P =350*10^3;
h =12.5;
t =0.707* h ;
l = P /(2* t * Ta ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( l i s %0 . 0 f mm
,l ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.3 WJ3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

// sum 123
clc ;
clear ;
h =12;
t =0.707* h ;
l =60;
Ta =80;
P =2* l * t * Ta ;
P = P *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 3 f kN
,P ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.4 WJ4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

// sum 124
clc ;
clear ;
P =6*10^3;
e =150+(100/2) ;
T=P*e;
A =200;
95

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Td = P / A ;
r = sqrt (2*50^2) ;
Ixx =2*(100*50^2) ;
Iyy =2*100^3/12;
IG = Ixx + Iyy ;
Ts = r * T / IG ;
Tmax = sqrt (( Ts * sind (45) ) ^2+( Td +( Ts * cosd (45) ) ) ^2) ;
Ta =80;
t = Tmax / Ta ;
h = sqrt (2) * t ;
h =3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( h i s %0 . 0 f mm
,h ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.5 WJ5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 125
clc ;
clear ;
h =10;
t =10/ sqrt (2) ;
Ta =80;
x =((50*25) +(50*0) ) /(50+50) ;
y=x;
ra = sqrt ( x ^2+37.5^2) ;
Ixx =(7.07*50^3/12) +(50*7.07*(12.5^2) )
+(50*7.07*12.5^2) ;
IG =2* Ixx ;
e =100+(50 -12.5) ;
Tr =16.09*10^ -3;
P = Ta / Tr ;
P = P *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 3 f KN
,P ) ;
96

Scilab code Exa 12.6 WJ6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 126
clc ;
clear ;
P =16*10^3;
l =300;
r =50;
M=P*l;
A =2* %pi * r ;
Ixx = %pi * r ^3;
sigb = M * r / Ixx ;
Td = P / A ;
Tmax = sqrt (( sigb /2) ^2+( Td ^2) ) ;
Ta =90;
t = Tmax / Ta ;
h = sqrt (2) * t ;
h =5;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( h i s %0 . 0 f mm
,h ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.7 WJ7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

// sum 127
clc ;
clear ;
sigut =415;
sige = sigut /3;
Ka =0.5;
Kb =0.85;
Kc =0.897;
97

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

SCF =1.5;
Kd =1/ SCF ;
FOS =2;
sige1 = sige * Ka * Kb * Kc * Kd / FOS ;
Pa =50*10^3;
h =10;
t =0.707* h ;
l = Pa /(2* sige1 * t ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( l i s %0 . 0 f mm
,l ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.8 WJ8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 128
clc ;
clear ;
l =300;
P =30*10^3;
T = P /(2* l ) ;
Ta =124;
t1 = T / Ta ;
h1 = sqrt (2) * t1 ;
M=P*l;
Ixx =2*100*110^2;
sigb = M / Ixx *110;
// L e t t h e a l l o w a b l e b e n d i n g s t r e s s
Tab =200;
t2 = sigb / Tab ;
h2 = t2 /0.707;
h2 =3;

i s Tab

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( h i s %0 . 0 f mm
, h2 ) ;

98

Scilab code Exa 12.9 WJ9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 129
clc ;
clear ;
Ta =60;
l1 =60;
l2 =40;
P1 = Ta *0.707* l1 ;
P2 = Ta *0.707* l2 ;
P =80*10^3;
h = P /( P1 + P2 ) ;
h =20;
a =( P2 *100) /( P1 + P2 ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( h i s %0 . 0 f mm
,h ) ;
printf ( \n a i s %0 . 0 f mm
,a ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.10 WJ10

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 12 10
clc ;
clear ;
P =300*10^3;
l =500;
A =2* l ;
Td = P / A ;
T =(350 -250) * P ;
IG =( l ^3*2/12) +( l *2*5^2) ;
r = sqrt (250^2+5^2) ;
Ts = T * r / IG ;
99

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Ts = Ts + Td ;
Ta =110;
t = Ts / Ta ;
h = t /0.707;
h =9;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( h i s %0 . 0 f mm
,h ) ;

Scilab code Exa 12.11 WJ11

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 12 11
clc ;
clear ;
t =30;
sigut =417;
sige = sigut /2;
Ka =0.5;
Kb =0.85;
Kc =0.897;
SCF =1.2;
Kd =1/ SCF ;
FOS =1.5;
sige1 = sige * Ka * Kb * Kc * Kd / FOS ;
Pa =60*10^3;
l = Pa /( sige1 * t ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( l i s %0 . 1 f mm
,l ) ;

100

Chapter 13
COTTER AND KNUCKLE
JOINTS

Scilab code Exa 13.1 CKJ1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 131
clc ;
clear ;
F =25*10^3;
sigat =50;
Ta =40;
pa =80;
d = sqrt ((4* F ) /( %pi * sigat ) ) ;
d =26;
t = d /4;
t =7;
d1 =1.2* d ;
d1 =32;
pc = F /( d1 * t ) ;
t =10;
c =0.75* d ;
c =20;
d2 =44;
tw =( d2 - d1 ) /2;
101

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

b = F /(2* t * Ta ) ;
b =34;
a =0.5* d ;
d3 =( F /( pa * t ) ) + d1 ;
d3 =64;
e = F /( Ta *( d3 - d1 ) ) ;
d4 = sqrt (( F *4/( %pi * pa ) ) + d1 ^2) ;
d4 =40;
f =0.5* d ;
sigbc =3* F * d3 /( t * b ^2*4) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n d1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d1 ) ;
printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d2 ) ;
printf ( \n d3 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d3 ) ;
printf ( \n d4 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d4 ) ;
printf ( \n s i g b c i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, sigbc ) ;

Scilab code Exa 13.2 CKJ2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

// sum 132
clc ;
clear ;
P =40*10^3;
sigut =490;
FOS =4;
sigts = sigut / FOS ;
sigcs =1.4* sigts ;
sigs =0.8* sigts ;
d = sqrt ((4* P ) /( %pi * sigts ) ) ;
d =21;
sigcc =1.4*330/4;
Tc =0.8*330/4;
t = d /3;
102

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

b = P /(2* t * Tc ) ;
b =31;
t =10;
d1 =28;
d2 =40;
c = d /2;
c =15;
a = P /(2*( d2 - d1 ) *98) ;
a =20;
L =(2* a ) +(2* b ) +(2* c ) +(2*3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n d1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d1 ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d2 ) ;
printf ( \n L i s %0 . 0 f mm
,L ) ;

Scilab code Exa 13.3 CKJ3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

// sum 133
clc ;
clear ;
P =40*10^3;
sigt =60;
sigc =125;
T =45;
a = sqrt ( P *3/(2* sigt ) ) ;
a =33;
t = a /3;
b = P /(4.5* t * T ) ;
b =20;
b1 =1.25* b ;
t1 = P *3/(4* a * sigt ) ;
103

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

t1 =16;
l2 = P /(2*2* T * t1 ) ;
l2 =14;
l1 = P /(2* a * T ) ;
l1 =14;
l3 =(0.6* a ) ;
l3 =20;
l4 =11;
sigcr = P /( t * a ) ;
sigcr1 = P /(2* t1 * t ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( a i s %0 . 0 f mm
,a ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n t 1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, t1 ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n b1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, b1 ) ;
printf ( \n l 1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, l1 ) ;
printf ( \n l 2 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, l2 ) ;
printf ( \n l 3 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, l3 ) ;
printf ( \n l 4 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, l4 ) ;
printf ( \n s i g c r i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, sigcr ) ;
printf ( \n s i g c r 1 i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, sigcr1 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 13.4 CKJ4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

// sum 134
clc ;
clear ;
P =50*10^3;
sigp =380;
FOS =4;
sigca =80;
Ta =50;
sigta = sigp / FOS ;
104

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

At = P / sigta ;
d =30;
d1 =1.5* d ;
t = P /( sigca * d1 ) ;
t =14;
A =( %pi *( d1 ^2) /4) -( d1 * t ) ;
// l e t t e a r i n g s t r e s s be s i g t
sigt = P / A ;
b = P /(2* t * Ta ) ;
b =36;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n s i g t i s %0 . 1 f MPa
, sigt ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm
,b ) ;
// The a n s w e r t o t e a r i n g s t r e s s i n b o l t
c a l c u l a t e d i n c o r r e c t l y i n t h e book .

105

sigt is

Chapter 14
KEYS AND COUPLINGS

Scilab code Exa 14.1 KC1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 141
clc ;
clear ;
d =40;
r = d /2;
P =6*10^3;
N =350;
sigyt =380;
A = %pi *12^2/2;
theta = %pi -(2* atan (4/12) ) ;
alpha =180 -( theta * %pi /180) ;
l =2*12* cosd (19.5) ;
A1 = l *4/2;
Abcd =( A *141/180) - A1 ;
A2 =A - Abcd ;
A3 =8* l ;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
Pt = T *10^3/ r ;
sigb = Pt / A2 ;
// L e t s h e a r s t r e s s d e v e l o p e d i n key Tk
106

22 Tk = Pt / A3 ;
23 FOS1 = sigyt / sigb ;
24 FOS2 =0.577* sigyt / Tk ;
25
26
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
27
printf ( FOS1 i s %0 . 3 f
, FOS1 ) ;
28
printf ( \n FOS2 i s %0 . 2 f
, FOS2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 14.2 KC2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// sum 142
clc ;
clear ;
n =12;
phi =360* %pi /(180*12*2) ;
R1 =45/2;
R2 =50/2;
l =60;
Rm =( R1 + R2 ) /2;
p =6.5;
Pn =( R2 - R1 ) * l * p ;
T = Pn * Rm ;
T=T*n;
N =400;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
P=T*w;
A =( %pi * R1 * l ) / n ;
Ts = Pn / A ;
Ah =( %pi * R2 * l ) / n ;
Th = Pn / Ah ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Ts i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, Ts ) ;
printf ( \n Th i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2
, Th ) ;

107

Scilab code Exa 14.3 KC3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 143
clc ;
clear ;
N =360;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
sigyt =380;
r =25;
P =40*10^3;
FOS =3;
T=P/w;
Pt = T *10^3/(2* r ) ;
siga =380/3;
Ta =0.577*380/3;
l1 = Pt /( sqrt (2) *12* Ta ) ;
l2 = Pt * sqrt (2) /( siga *12) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( l 1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, l1 ) ;
printf ( \n l 2 i s %0 . 2 f mm
, l2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 14.4 KC4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

// sum 144
clc ;
clear ;
N =300;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
P =12*10^3;
Ks =1.25;
Pd = P * Ks ;
108

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

T = Pd / w ;
Tas =50;
d =16* T *10^3/( %pi * Tas ) ;
d = d ^(1/3) ;
d =40;
Ts =10;
d1 =(2* d ) +13;
x =( d1 ^4 - d ^4) / d1 ;
// L e t t h e s h e a r s t r e s s i n t h e key be Tsh
Tsh = T *10^3*16/( %pi * x ) ;
l =3.5* d ;
Ft = T *2*10^3/ d ;
l1 =70;
sigak =50;
b = Ft /( l1 * sigak ) ;
t =2* Ft /(100* l1 ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n Tsh i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, Tsh ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;

Scilab code Exa 14.5 KC5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

// sum 145
clc ;
clear ;
P =36*10^3;
N =200;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
Tas =45;
d =16* T *10^3/( %pi * Tas ) ;
d = d ^(1/3) ;
109

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

d =60;
d1 =(2* d ) +13;
l =3.5* d ;
Ftk = T *2/ d ;
lk = l /2;
Tak =40;
sigack =90;
b = Ftk *10^3/( lk * Tak ) ;
t =2* Ftk *10^3/( sigack * lk ) ;
n =4;
sigatb =60;
u =0.25;
dr =16* T *10^3/( u * %pi ^2* sigatb * n * d ) ;
dr = sqrt ( dr ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 1 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n d r i s %0 . 3 f mm
, dr ) ;

Scilab code Exa 14.6 KC6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

// sum 145
clc ;
clear ;
P =16*10^3;
N =1000;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
Ks =1.4;
Td = T * Ks ;
Tas =40;
d =16* T *10^3/( %pi * Tas ) ;
d = d ^(1/3) ;
110

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

d =32;
d1 =2* d ;
l =1.5* d ;
ds =1.5* d ;
Tak =40;
sigack =70;
Ftk = Td *2/ d ;
b = Ftk *10^3/( l * Tak ) ;
t =2* Ftk *10^3/( sigack * l ) ;
Taf =10;
tf = Td *10^3*2/( %pi * Taf * d1 ^2) ;
Ftb = Td *10^3/(1.5* d *4) ;
Tab =40;
db = sqrt ( Ftb *4/( Tab * %pi ) ) ;
D =4* d ;
trp = d /6;
Ftb1 = Td *10^3/(45*4) ;
db1 = sqrt ( Ftb1 *4/( Tab * %pi ) ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n db i s %0 . 2 f mm
, db ) ;
printf ( \n db1 i s %0 . 2 f mm
, db1 ) ;
// The a n s w e r t o Key t h i c k n e s s
i n c o r r e c t l y i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 14.7 KC7

1 // sum 145
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 P =30*10^3;

111

t is calculated

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

N =1440;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
d =36;
d1 =30;
d2 =2* d ;
d3 = d1 *2;
l =1.5* d ;
Dp =3.5* d ;
n =6;
Ft =(2* T ) /( Dp * n ) ;
p =0.5;
A = Ft / p ;
Lf = d ;
dp = A / Lf ;
M = Ft *10^3*(5+( Lf /2) ) ;
db =(32* M /( %pi *40) ) ^(1/3) ;
db =15;
T =(4*526) /( %pi * db ^2) ;
sigb =32* M /( %pi * db ^3) ;
sigmax =( sigb /2) + sqrt ((( sigb /2) ^2) +( T ^2) ) ;
b = d /4;
t =6;
Lf =36;
La =10;
Do =126+30+(2*(5+1) ) +(2*6) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( s i g m a x i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, sigmax ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n L f i s %0 . 0 f mm
, Lf ) ;
printf ( \n Do i s %0 . 0 f mm
, Do ) ;

112

Chapter 15
SHAFTS

Scilab code Exa 15.2 S2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 152
clc ;
clear ;
dA =150;
dB =250;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
W =400;
sigyt =400;
sigut =500;
Kb =1.5;
Kt =2;
T = W * dA /2;
Pt = T /( dB /2) ;
Pr1 = W * tan ( alpha ) ;
Pr2 = Pt * tan ( alpha ) ;
RDH =(( W *120) -( Pt *320) ) /440;
RcH =W - RDH - Pt ;
//RcH=400+65.5 240;
McH =0;
MAH = RcH *120;
MBH = RDH *120;
113

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

RDV =(( Pr1 *120) -( Pr2 *320) ) /440;

RcV = Pr1 - RDV - Pr2 ;
MAV = RcV *120;
MBV = RDV *120;
Mmax = sqrt (( MAH ^2) +( MAV ^2) ) ;
T =30*10^3;
Ta =0.135* sigut ;
d =16* sqrt (( Kb * Mmax ) ^2+( Kt * T ) ^2) /( %pi * Ta ) ;
d = d ^(1/3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 2 f mm
,d ) ;

Scilab code Exa 15.3 S3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 153
clc ;
clear ;
P =16*746;
N =3000;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T = P / w *10^3;
sigy =400;
Ty = sigy /2;
FOS =2;
Ta = Ty / FOS ;
d = T *16/( %pi * Ta ) ;
d1 = d ^(1/3) ;
r =3;
D = d1 +(2* r ) ;
SCF =1.196
Tys = Ta / SCF ;
d = T *16/( %pi * Tys ) ;
d2 = d ^(1/3) ;
d =14;
114

21 D = d +(2* r ) ;
22
23
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
24
printf ( d1 i s %0 . 2 f mm
, d1 ) ;
25
printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 2 f mm
, d2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 15.4 S4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

// sum 154
clc ;
clear ;
P1 =24*10^3;
P2 =10*10^3;
sigyt =460;
Tya = sigyt *0.3;
SCF =2.84;
Ta = Tya / SCF ;
N =400;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T1 = P1 / w ;
T2 = P2 / w ;
d1 = T1 *16*10^3/( %pi * Ta ) ;
d1 = d1 ^(1/3) ;
d2 = T2 *16*10^3/( %pi * Ta ) ;
d2 = d2 ^(1/3) ;
theta1 = %pi /3600;
l1 =120;
G =84*10^3;
d3 = T1 *10^3* l1 *32/( %pi * G * theta1 ) ;
d3 = d3 ^(1/4) ;
d4 = T2 * l1 *10^3*32/( %pi * G * theta1 ) ;
d4 = d4 ^(1/4) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( d1 i s %0 . 2 f mm
, d1 ) ;
115

28
29
30

printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 2 f mm
printf ( \n d3 i s %0 . 1 f mm
printf ( \n d4 i s %0 . 2 f mm

Scilab code Exa 15.5 S5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

// sum 155
clc ;
clear ;
d =200;
r = d /2;
N =300;
P =5000;
D =500;
R = D /2;
u =0.3;
E =205*10^3;
G =84*10^3;
Ta =60;
Kb =1.5;
Kt =2;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
beta1 =20* %pi /180;
V=r*w;
v=R*w;
// L e t T1T2 =T
T=P/V;
x = u * %pi / sin ( beta1 ) ;
T2 = T /(( exp ( x ) -1) ) ;
T1 = T2 * exp ( x ) ;
t=P/v;
y = u * %pi ;
T3 = t /(( exp ( x ) -1) ) ;
T4 = T3 * exp ( x ) ;
T=P/w;
116

, d2 ) ;
, d3 ) ;
, d4 ) ;

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43

Rc =2612;;
RA =645.1;
MB =96.76;
MC = -208.96;
d =16*10^3* sqrt (( Kb * MC ) ^2+( Kt * T ) ^2) /( %pi * Ta ) ;
d = d ^(1/3) ;
l =380;
J = %pi * d ^4/32;
theta = T *10^3* l /( G * J ) ;
theta = theta *180/ %pi ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 1 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n t h e t a i s %0 . 2 f deg
, theta ) ;

Scilab code Exa 15.6 S6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 156
clc ;
clear ;
T =400;
Pt =4800;
Pg =3600;
sigyt =360;
E =205*10^3;
G =80*10^3;
Kb =2;
Kt =1.5;
FOS =3;
RC =(( Pt *90) +( Pg *200) ) /140;
RA =8400 - RC ;
MB = RA *0.9;
MC = Pg *0.045;
Te = sqrt (( Kb * MC ) ^2+( Kt * T ) ^2) ;
Ta =0.577* sigyt / FOS ;
117

19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

d =16*10^3* Te /( %pi * Ta ) ;
d = d ^(1/3) ;
L =110;
J = %pi * d ^4/32;
T =400;
theta = T *10^3* L /( G * J ) ;
theta = theta *180/ %pi ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n t h e t a i s %0 . 4 f deg
, theta ) ;

Scilab code Exa 15.7 S7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

// sum 157
clc ;
clear ;
T =47*10^3;
M =32*10^3;
d =20;
siga =32* M /( %pi * d ^3) ;
Tm =16* T /( %pi * d ^3) ;
sige =75;
Tys =165;
n =1/ sqrt (( siga / sige ) ^2+( Tm / Tys ) ^2) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( n i s %0 . 2 f
,n ) ;

118

Chapter 16
POWER SCREWS

Scilab code Exa 16.1 PS1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 161
clc ;
clear ;
d =30;
W =20*10^3;
r1 =8;
r2 =16;
p =6;
u1 =0.2;
u2 =0.15;
dm =d -( p /2) ;
alpha = atan ( p /( %pi * dm ) ) ;
phi = atan ( u1 ) ;
rm =( r1 + r2 ) /2;
Ttr = W *(( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
Ttr = Ttr *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Ttr i s %0 . 3 f Nm
, Ttr ) ;
// The a n s w e r t o Ttr i s

slightly
119

d i f f e r e n t than i n

t h e book due t o r o u n d i n g o f f o f v a l u e s .

Scilab code Exa 16.2 PS2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

// sum 162
clc ;
clear ;
d =50;
W =20*10^3;
r1 =10;
r2 =30;
p =7;
u1 =0.12/ cosd (15) ;
u2 =0.15;
dm =d -( p /2) ;
alpha = atan (3* p /( %pi * dm ) ) ;
phi = atan ( u1 ) ;
rm =( r1 + r2 ) /2;
Tr = W *(( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
Tr = Tr *10^ -3;
Te = W *(( dm * tan ( phi - alpha ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
Te = Te *10^ -3;
n = dm /2* tan ( alpha ) /( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2+( u2 * rm ) ) ;
L =0.30;
Ph = Tr / L ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Tr i s %0 . 2 f Nm
, Tr ) ;
printf ( \n Te i s %0 . 3 f Nm
, Te ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 4 f
,n ) ;
printf ( \n Ph i s %0 . 2 f N
, Ph ) ;
// The a n s w e r s t o Tr , Te and Ph i s s l i g h t l y
d i f f e r e n t t h a n i n t h e book due t o r o u n d i n g o f f
of values .
120

Scilab code Exa 16.3 PS3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// sum 163
clc ;
clear ;
d =30;
W =5*10^3;
p =5;
rm =45/2;
u1 =0.15/ cosd (14.5) ;
u2 =0.15;
dm =d -( p /2) ;
alpha = atan ( p /( %pi * dm ) ) ;
phi = atan ( u1 ) ;
Tr1 = W *(( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
Tr1 = Tr1 *10^ -3;
n1 = dm /2* tan ( alpha ) /( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2+( u2 * rm ) ) ;
T1 = W *(( dm * tan ( phi - alpha ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
T1 = T1 *10^ -3;
n2 = dm /2* tan ( alpha ) /( dm * tan ( phi - alpha ) /2+( u2 * rm ) ) ;
u2 =0.02;
Tr2 = W *(( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
Tr2 = Tr2 *10^ -3;
n3 = dm /2* tan ( alpha ) /( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2+( u2 * rm ) ) ;
Te = W *(( dm * tan ( phi - alpha ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
Te = Te *10^ -3;
n4 = dm /2* tan ( alpha ) /( dm * tan ( phi - alpha ) /2+( u2 * rm ) ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Tr1 i s %0 . 3 f Nm
, Tr1 ) ;
printf ( \n n1 i s %0 . 4 f
, n1 ) ;
printf ( \n T1 i s %0 . 3 f Nm
, T1 ) ;
printf ( \n n2 i s %0 . 4 f
, n2 ) ;
printf ( \n Tr2 i s %0 . 3 f Nm
, Tr2 ) ;
121

33
34
35
36
37

printf ( \n n3 i s %0 . 4 f
printf ( \n Te i s %0 . 3 f Nm
printf ( \n n4 i s %0 . 4 f

, n3 ) ;
, Te ) ;
, n4 ) ;

// The a n s w e r t o T1 i s m i s p r i n t e d i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 16.4 PS4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 164
clc ;
clear ;
d =28;
P =300;
L =180;
p =8;
r1 =16;
r2 =46;
rm =( r1 + r2 ) /2;
u1 =0.12;
u2 =0.15;
dm =d -( p /2) ;
alpha = atan ( p /( %pi * dm ) ) ;
phi = atan ( u1 ) ;
T=P*L;
F = T /(( dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2) +( u2 * rm ) ) ;
F = F *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( F i s %0 . 3 f kN
,F ) ;

Scilab code Exa 16.5 PS5

1

// sum 165
122

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

clc ;
clear ;
d =25;
p =8;
F =392.4;
L =250;
l = p *2;
u =0.14;
dm =d -( p /2) ;
alpha = atan ( l /( %pi * dm ) ) ;
phi = atan ( u ) ;
T = dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2;
M=F*L;
P = M / T *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 1 f kN
,P ) ;

Scilab code Exa 16.6 PS6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 166
clc ;
clear ;
d =52;
W =2.2*10^3;
p =8;
r1 =15;
r2 =30;
rm =( r1 + r2 ) /2;
u1 =0.15/ cosd (14.5) ;
dm =d -( p /2) ;
alpha = atan ( p /( %pi * dm ) ) ;
phi = atan ( u1 ) ;
Ts = W * dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2;
u2 =0.12;
123

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

Tc = u2 * W * rm ;
T =10^ -3*( Ts + Tc ) ;
N =40;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
P = T * w *10^ -3;
To = W * dm /2* tan ( alpha ) ;
n = To /( T *10^3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 2 f KW
,P ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 4 f
,n ) ;

Scilab code Exa 16.7 PS7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 167
clc ;
clear ;
alpha = atan (2*0.2/( %pi *0.9) ) ;
u1 =0.15;
phi = atan ( u1 ) ;
P =200;
L =250;
Tt = P * L ;
W =10*10^3;
u2 =0.15;
x = Tt / W ;
d = x /0.1716;
d =30;
p =6;
dr =0.8* d ;
d =24;
p =5;
dr =d - p ;
dm =d -( p /2) ;

124

22
23
24

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
printf ( \n p i s %0 . 0 f mm
,p ) ;

Scilab code Exa 16.8 PS8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

// sum 168
clc ;
clear ;
FOS =3;
sigut =380;
Ta =0.577* sigut / FOS ;
d =25;
Tus =460;
Ps = %pi * d * Tus ;
siga =127;
dr = sqrt ( Ps *4/( %pi * siga ) ) ;
d =30;
p =6;
dr =d - p ;
dm =d -( p /2) ;
u1 =0.15;
alpha = atan ( p *2/( %pi * dm ) ) ;
phi = atan ( u1 ) ;
T = Ps * dm * tan ( alpha + phi ) /2;
T1 =16* T /( %pi * dr ^3) ;
sigc =4* Ps /( %pi * dr ^2) ;
sigmax = sigc /2+ sqrt (( sigc /2^2) +( T1 ^2) ) ;
Tmax = sqrt (( sigc /2^2) +( T1 ^2) ) ;
n = tan ( alpha ) / tan ( alpha + phi ) ;
Uo = Ps /2;
Ui = Uo / n ;
wav = %pi /2;
wmax =2* wav ;
I = Ui *2/ wmax ^2;
125

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43

k =0.4;
Ir =0.9* I *10^ -3;
m = Ir / k ^2;
R =0.4;
rho =7200;
a = sqrt ( m /(2* %pi * R * rho ) ) ;
T = T *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( T i s %0 . 3 f Nm
,T ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 4 f
,n ) ;
printf ( \n a i s %0 . 5 f mm
,a ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r s o f T i s due t o
rounding o f f o f v a l u e s .

126

Chapter 17
SLIDING CONTACT
BEARINGS

Scilab code Exa 17.1 SCB1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 171
clc ;
clear ;
Ta =22;
u =7/10^9;
nj =20;
r =25;
l =2* r ;
Ao =30000;
Uo =15.3/10^3;
c =0.025;
// s p e c i f i c w e i g h t o f t h e m a t e r i a l i s r h o
rho =8.46*(10^ -6) ;
Cp =179.8;
Tf = Ta +(16* %pi ^3* u * nj ^2* l * r ^3/( Uo * Ao * c ) ) ;
// avg mean f i l m t e m p e r a t u r e i s Tav
Tav =( Tf - Ta ) /2;
x = l * c * rho * %pi * r * nj * Cp *10^3;
y = Ao * Tav * Uo ;
127

20
21
22
23
24

delT = y / x ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tav i s %0 . 2 f degC , Tav ) ;
printf ( \n d e l T i s %0 . 1 f degC , delT ) ;

Scilab code Exa 17.2 SCB2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

// sum 172
clc ;
clear ;
l =60;
d =60;
r = d /2;
ho =0.008;
c =0.04;
S =0.0446;
nj =1260/60;
W =6000;
p = W /( l * d ) ;
u = S *( c / r ) ^2* p / nj ;
u = u *10^9;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( u i s %0 . 3 f cP ,u ) ;

Scilab code Exa 17.3 SCB3

1 // sum 173
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 d =60;
5 r =30;

128

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

l =60;
c =0.8*10^ -3* r ;
ho =0.2* c ;
W =21000/2;
p = W /( l * d ) ;
S =0.0446;
nj =1440/60;
u = S *( c / r ) ^2* p / nj ;
u = u *10^9;
// s i n c e Q/ ( r n j l ) =4.62
Q =4.62* r * c * nj * l ;
Q = Q *60/10^6;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( u i s %0 . 3 f cP ,u ) ;
printf ( \n Q i s %0 . 4 f lpm ,Q ) ;

Scilab code Exa 17.4 SCB4

// sum 174
clc ;
clear ;
l =60;
d =60;
r = d /2;
W =3000;
p = W /( l * d ) ;
u =30*10^ -9;
c =0.06;
nj =1440/60;
S =( r / c ) ^2* u * nj / p ;
// For r a t i o l / d =1 , v a l u e s o f d i f f e r e n t p a r a m e t e r s
are given in matrix A corresponding to S
14 A =[1 0.264 0.6 5.79 3.99
15
1 0.121 0.4 3.22 4.33];
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

129

16 // l e t ho / c=x
17 x =( A (1 ,3) ) -(( A (1 ,3) -( A (2 ,3) ) ) *(( A (1 ,2) ) -S ) /(( A (1 ,2) )
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35

-( A (2 ,2) ) ) ) ;
// l e t y= ( r / c ) f=CFV
y =( A (1 ,4) ) -(( A (1 ,4) -( A (2 ,4) ) ) *(( A (1 ,2) ) -S ) /(( A (1 ,2) )
-( A (2 ,2) ) ) ) ;
// l e t z=Q/ ( r c n j l )=FV
z =( A (1 ,5) ) -(( A (1 ,5) -( A (2 ,5) ) ) *(( A (1 ,2) ) -S ) /(( A (1 ,2) )
-( A (2 ,2) ) ) ) ;
f=y*c/r;
ho = x * c ;
Q = z * r * c * nj * l ;
Q = Q *60/10^6;
delT =8.3* p * y / z ;
// l e t power l o s t i n f r i c t i o n be Pf
Pf =2* %pi * nj * f * W * r /10^6;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( f i s %0 . 5 f ,f ) ;
printf ( \n ho i s %0 . 3 f mm , ho ) ;
printf ( \n Q i s %0 . 3 f lpm ,Q ) ;
printf ( \n d e l T i s %0 . 1 f degC , delT ) ;
printf ( \n Pf i s %0 . 4 f KW , Pf ) ;

Scilab code Exa 17.5 SCB5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

// sum 175
clc ;
clear ;
W =22000;
nj =960/60;
p =2.4;
u =20*10^ -9;
d = sqrt ( W / p ) ;
d =96;
130

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

r = d /2;
l=d;
S =0.0446;
pact = W /( l * d ) ;
// x=r / c ;
x = sqrt ( S * pact /( u * nj ) ) ;
c=r/x;
ho =0.2* c ;
Q = r * c * nj * l *4.62;
Q = Q *60/10^6;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm ,d ) ;
printf ( \n l i s %0 . 0 f mm ,l ) ;
printf ( \n ho i s %0 . 4 f mm , ho ) ;
printf ( \n Q i s %0 . 3 f lpm ,Q ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n a n s w e r t o Q i s due t o r o u n d i n g
o f f the value of c .

Scilab code Exa 17.6 SCB6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

// sum 176
clc ;
clear ;
W =400*10^3;
Ro =200;
Ri =160;
ho =0.1;
t =150;
// s p e c i f i c g r a v i t y i s r h o
rho =0.86;
pi =2* W * log ( Ro / Ri ) /( %pi *( Ro ^2 - Ri ^2) ) ;
zk =(0.22* t ) -(180/ t ) ;
z = rho * zk ;
131

14 u = z /(10^9) ;
15 Q = %pi * pi * ho ^3/(6* u * log ( Ro / Ri ) ) ;
16 Q = Q *60/10^6;
17
18
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
19
printf ( p i i s %0 . 3 f MPa , pi ) ;
20
printf ( \n Q i s %0 . 2 f lpm ,Q ) ;
21
22
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n a n s w e r t o Q i s due t o r o u n d i n g

o f f of values .

Scilab code Exa 17.7 SCB7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

// sum 177
clc ;
clear ;
// l e t number o f p a d s be n
n =4;
W =100*10^3;
Ro =125;
Ri =50;
t =200;
ho =0.15;
pi =2* W * log ( Ro / Ri ) /( %pi *( Ro ^2 - Ri ^2) ) ;
zk =(0.22* t ) -(180/ t ) ;
// s p e c i f i c g r a v i t y i s r h o
rho =0.86;
z = rho * zk ;
u = z /(10^9) ;
Q = %pi * pi * ho ^3/(6* u * log ( Ro / Ri ) ) ;
Q = Q *60/10^6;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( p i i s %0 . 2 f MPa , pi ) ;
printf ( \n Q i s %0 . 3 f lpm ,Q ) ;
132

133

Chapter 18
ROLLING BEARINGS

Scilab code Exa 18.1 RB1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 181
clc ;
clear ;
Pr =16*10^3;
u =0.0011;
F = u * Pr ;
r =20*10^ -3;
// L e t f r i c t i o n a l moment be M
M=F*r;
N =1440;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
Pf = M * w ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Pf i s %0 . 2 f W
, Pf ) ;

Scilab code Exa 18.2 RB2

134

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 182
clc ;
clear ;
C =5590;
Ca =2500;
Pa =625;
Pr =1250;
V =1;
X =0.56;
Y =1.2;
P1 =( X * V * Pr ) +( Y * Pa ) ;
L1 =( C / P1 ) ^3;
V =1.2;
P2 =( X * V * Pr ) +( Y * Pa ) ;
L2 =( C / P2 ) ^3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( L1 i s %0 . 1 f m i l l i o n r e v o l u t i o n s
printf ( \n L2 i s %0 . 2 f m i l l i o n r e v o l t i o n s
;

Scilab code Exa 18.4 RB4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

// sum 184
clc ;
clear ;
P =20*10^3;
Co =22400;
C =41000;
Ln =( C / P ) ^3;
Lh = Ln *10^6/(720*60) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Lh i s %0 . 3 f h r s
, Lh ) ;

135

, L1 ) ;
, L2 )

Scilab code Exa 18.5 RB5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

// sum 185
clc ;
clear ;
R1x =120;
R1y =250;
R2x =300;
R2y =400;
Lh =8000;
N =720;
Ln = Lh *60* N *10^ -6;
R1 = sqrt ( R1x ^2+ R1y ^2) ;
R2 = sqrt ( R2x ^2+ R2y ^2) ;
// L e t l o a d f a c t o r be Ks
Ks =1.5;
P1 = R1 * Ks ;
P2 = R2 * Ks ;
C1 = P1 *( Ln ^(1/3) ) ;
C2 = P2 *( Ln ^(1/3) ) ;
// l e t d e s i g n a t i o n , d , D, B , C a t b e a r i n g B1 be De1 , d1 , D1
, B1 , C1
d1 =25;
D1 =37;
B1 =7;
C1 =3120;
De1 =61805;
// l e t d e s i g n a t i o n , d , D, B , C a t b e a r i n g B2 be De2 , d2 , D2
, B2 , C2
d2 =25;
D2 =47;
B2 =8;
C2 =7620;
De2 =16005;
136

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( D e s i g n a t i o n o f B e a r i n g B1 i s %0 . 0 f
De1 ) ;
printf ( \n d1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d1 ) ;
printf ( \n D1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, D1 ) ;
printf ( \n B1 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, B1 ) ;
printf ( \n C1 i s %0 . 0 f N
, C1 ) ;
printf ( \n D e s i g n a t i o n o f B e a r i n g B2 i s %0 . 0 f
, De2 ) ;
printf ( \n d2 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, d2 ) ;
printf ( \n D2 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, D2 ) ;
printf ( \n B2 i s %0 . 0 f mm
, B2 ) ;
printf ( \n C2 i s %0 . 0 f N
, C2 ) ;

disp ( B e a r i n g 6 1 8 0 5 a t B1 and 1 6 0 0 5 a t B2 can be

installed . )

Scilab code Exa 18.6 RB6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 186
clc ;
clear ;
P =7500;
N =1440;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
r =0.2;
// L e t T1T2=t
t=T/r;
T2 = t /2.5;
T1 =3.5* T2 ;
R =0.125;
Ft = T / R ;
Fr = Ft * tan (20* %pi /180) ;
137

16

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43

// RD & RA a r e r e a c t i o n f o r c e s c a l c u l a t e d i n
v e r t i c a l and h o r i z o n t a l d i r e c t i o n s from FBD by
force equilibrium
RDv =186.5;
RAv =236.2;
RDh =36.2;
RAh =108.56;
RA = sqrt ( RAv ^2+ RAh ^2) ;
RD = sqrt ( RDv ^2+ RDh ^2) ;
Ks =1.4;
P1 = RA * Ks ;
P2 = RD * Ks ;
// l e t d e s i g n a t i o n , d , D, B , C a t b e a r i n g B1 be De1 , d1 , C1
d1 =25;
C1 =3120;
De1 =61805;
// l e t d e s i g n a t i o n , d , D, B , C a t b e a r i n g B2 be De2 , d2 , C2
d2 =25;
C2 =2700;
De2 =61804;
L1 =( C1 / P1 ) ^3;
Lh1 = L1 *10^6/(720*60) ;
L2 =( C2 / P2 ) ^3;
Lh2 = L2 *10^6/(720*60) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Lh1 i s %0 . 0 f h r s
, Lh1 ) ;
printf ( \n Lh2 i s %0 . 0 f h r s
, Lh2 ) ;
// I n c o r r e c t v a l u e o f P2 i s t a k e n i n t h e book w h i l e
c a l c u l a t i n g L2 .

Scilab code Exa 18.7 RB7

1

// sum 187
138

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

clc ;
clear ;
P =3500;
Lh =6000;
N =1400;
R98 =0.98;
R90 =0.9;
L98 = Lh *60* N /10^6;
x =( log (1/ R98 ) / log (1/ R90 ) ) ^(1/1.17) ;
L90 = L98 / x ;
C = P * L90 ^(1/3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( C i s %0 . 0 f N
,C ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f C i s due t o
rounding o f f o f value o f L .

Scilab code Exa 18.8 RB8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 188
clc ;
clear ;
n =3;
P =3;
// L e t R e l i a b i l i t y o f s y s t e m be R
R =0.83;
L94 =6;
R94 =( R ) ^(1/ n ) ;
x =( log (1/ R94 ) / log (1/0.90) ) ^(1/1.17) ;
L90 = L94 / x ;
C = P * L90 ^(1/3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( C i s %0 . 3 f kN
,C ) ;
139

16
17

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f C i s due t o
rounding o f f o f value o f L .

Scilab code Exa 18.9 RB9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

// sum 189
clc ;
clear ;
P1 =3000;
P2 =4000;
P3 =5000;
N1 =1440;
N2 =1080;
N3 =720;
t1 =1/4;
t2 =1/2;
t3 =1/4;
n1 = N1 * t1 ;
n2 = N2 * t2 ;
n3 = N3 * t3 ;
N =( n1 + n2 + n3 ) ;
Pe =((( n1 * P1 ^3) +( n2 * P2 ^3) +( n3 * P3 ^3) ) / N ) ^(1/3) ;
Lh =10*10^3;
L = Lh *60* N /10^6;
C = Pe * L ^(1/3) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( C i s %0 . 0 f N
,C ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f C i s due t o
r o u n d i n g o f f o f v a l u e o f Pe

140

Scilab code Exa 18.10 RB10

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

// sum 18 10
clc ;
clear ;
Co =695;
C =1430;
Pa1 =200;
Pr1 =600;
x = Pa1 / Co ;
y = Pa1 / Pr1 ;
e =0.37+((0.44 -0.37) *0.038/0.28) ;
X =1;
Y =0;
P1 =600;
Pa2 =120;
Pr2 =300;
X =0.56;
Y =1.2 -(0.2*0.042/0.12) ;
P2 =( X * Pr2 ) +( Y * Pa2 ) ;
N1 =1440;
N2 =720;
t1 =2/3;
t2 =1/3;
n1 = N1 * t1 ;
n2 = N2 * t2 ;
N =( n1 + n2 ) ;
Pe =((( n1 * P1 ^3) +( n2 * P2 ^3) ) / N ) ^(1/3) ;
L =( C / Pe ) ^3;
Lh = L *10^6/( N *60) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Lh i s %0 . 2 f h r s
, Lh ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f Lh i s due t o
r o u n d i n g o f f o f v a l u e o f Pe

141

Chapter 19
FLYWHEEL

Scilab code Exa 19.1 F1

// sum 191
clc ;
clear ;
R =1200;
b =300;
t =150;
N =500;
m =7100*10^ -9* b * t ;
Ar = b * t ;
Aa = Ar /4;
C =(20280/ t ^2) +0.957+( Ar / Aa ) ;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
V = w * R *10^ -3;
siga =2*10^3* m * V ^2/( C * Aa *3) ;
theta =30* %pi /180;
alpha =30* %pi /180;
x1 =10^3* m *( V ^2) /( b * t ) ;
y1 = cos ( theta ) /(3* C * sin ( alpha ) ) ;
z1 =2000* R *10^ -3/( C * t ) *((1/ alpha ) -( cos ( theta ) / sin (
alpha ) ) ) ;
20 sigrr1 = x1 *(1 - y1 + z1 ) ;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

142

21 theta =0* %pi /180;

22 x2 =10^3* m *( V ^2) /( b * t ) ;
23 y2 = cos ( theta ) /(3* C * sin ( alpha ) ) ;
24 z2 =2000* R *10^ -3/( C * t ) *((1/ alpha ) -( cos ( theta ) / sin (

alpha ) ) ) ;
25 sigrr2 = x2 *(1 - y2 - z2 ) ;
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( a x i a l s t r e s s i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, siga ) ;
printf ( \n t e n s i l e s t r e s s f o r t h e t a =30 deg i s %0 . 1 f
MPa
, sigrr1 ) ;
printf ( \n t e n s i l e s t r e s s f o r t h e t a =0deg i s %0 . 2 f
MPa
, sigrr2 ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f s i g r r 1 and s i g r r 2
i s due t o r o u n d i n g o f f o f v a l u e s .

Scilab code Exa 19.2 F2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 192
clc ;
clear ;
N =350;
theta1 = asin ( sqrt ((3 -0.6) /4) ) ;
theta1 = theta1 *180/ %pi ;
theta2 =(180) - theta1 ;
// Ti =16000+6000 s i n d ( 3 t h e t a ) ;
//To=16000+3600 s i n d ( t h e t a ) ;
a = -3600*( cosd ( theta2 ) - cosd ( theta1 ) ) ;
b =2000*( cosd (3* theta2 ) - cosd (3* theta1 ) ) ;
c=a+b;
delU = c ;
Ks =0.05;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
I = delU /( Ks * w ^2) ;
143

17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

V =25;
Ir = I *0.95;
R=V/w;
Mr = Ir / R ^2;
rho =7150;
t = sqrt ( Mr *(10^6) /(2* %pi * R *2* rho ) ) ;
b =2* t ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 2 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 2 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 3 f m
,R ) ;

Scilab code Exa 19.3 F3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 193
clc ;
clear ;
N =300;
Ks =0.03;
rho =7150;
Kr =0.9;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
WD =(300*2* %pi ) +(4* %pi *200/4) ;
Tm =400;
delU = %pi *200/16;
Ir = Kr * delU /( w ^2* Ks ) ;
R = Ir /( rho *1.5*0.1*0.1*2* %pi ) ;
R = R ^(1/5) ;
t =0.1* R *1000;
b =1.5* t ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 2 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 2 f mm
,b ) ;
144

21

printf ( \n R i s %0 . 4 f m

,R ) ;

Scilab code Exa 19.4 F4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

// sum 194
clc ;
clear ;
d =20;
t =12;
Tus =450;
Pmax = %pi * d * t * Tus ;
WD = Pmax * t /2*10^ -3;
n =0.95;
Wi = WD / n ;
delU =5* Wi /6;
N =300;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
Ks =0.2;
I = delU /( Ks * w ^2) ;
Ir = I *0.9;
R =0.5;
m = Ir / R ^2;
rho =7150;
t = sqrt ( m *10^6/( rho *2* %pi * R *2) ) ;
b =2* t ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 1 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 1 f m
,R ) ;

Scilab code Exa 19.5 F5

145

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

// sum 195
clc ;
clear ;
U =(500*2* %pi ) +(3* %pi *500/2) ;
Tm = U /(2* %pi ) ;
delU =2.25* %pi *125/2;
Ks =0.1;
N =250;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
I = delU /( Ks * w ^2) ;
t =0.03;
rho =7800;
R =( I *2/( %pi * rho * t ) ) ^(1/4) ;
V=R*w;
v =0.3;
sigmax = rho * V ^2*(3+ v ) /8*10^ -6;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( R i s %0 . 3 f m
,R ) ;
printf ( \n s i g m a x i s %0 . 2 f MPa
, sigmax ) ;

Scilab code Exa 19.6 F6

// sum 196
clc ;
clear ;
N =1.5*8*60;
l =200;
t =1.5/2;
W =350*10^3;
WD =0.15* l * W *10^ -6;
n =0.9; // s i n c e f r i c t i o n a l
o f s y s t e m i s 90%
10 Wi = WD / n ;
11 L =400;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

effect

146

i s 10%, e f f c i e n c y

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

delU =( L -(0.15* l ) ) /( L ) *10^3* Wi ;

Ks =0.12;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
I = delU /( Ks * w ^2) ;
Ir = I *0.9;
R =0.7;
m = Ir / R ^2;
rho =7150;
t = sqrt ( m *10^6/( rho *2* %pi * R *1.5) ) ;
b =1.5* t ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 1 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 1 f mm
,b ) ;

Scilab code Exa 19.7 F7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 197
clc ;
clear ;
N =144;
// L e t n be no . o f p u n c h e s / min
n =8;
// L e t t be t i m r f o r 1 punch
t =60/ n ;
theta = N /60*2* %pi *0.6;
T =2.1;
U = T * theta ;
// L e t U1 be r e v o l u t i o n o f c r a n k s h a f t i n t s e c
U1 = t * N /60*2* %pi ;
delU =( U1 - theta ) / U1 * U *10^3;
w =2* %pi *1440/60;
Ks =0.1;
I = delU /( Ks * w ^2) ;
Ir = I *0.9;
147

19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

rho =7100;
R = Ir /( rho *0.2*0.1*2* %pi ) ;
R = R ^(1/5) ;
t =0.1* R *1000;
b =0.2* R *10^3;
t =40;
b =80;
R =400;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( t i s %0 . 0 f mm
,t ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm
,b ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 0 f mm
,R ) ;

148

Chapter 20
FLAT BELT DRIVE

Scilab code Exa 20.1 FBD1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 201
clc ;
clear ;
b =0.2;
P =50*10^3;
v =20;
m =1.95;
d =0.3;
D =0.9;
C =5.8;
u =0.4;
// L e t d e n s i t y be r h o
rho =1000;
E =40;
// L e t T1T2 = T
T=P/v;
// L e t t h e c e n t r i f u g a l t e n s i o n be Tc
Tc = m * v ^2;
alpha = asind (( D + d ) /(2* C ) ) ;
theta =180+(2* alpha ) ;
theta = theta * %pi /180;
149

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

x = exp ( u * theta ) ;
T2 =(((1 - x ) * Tc ) -T ) /(1 - x ) ;
//T1=T+T2 ;
T1 = T + T2 ;
t = m /( b * rho ) *10^3;
// L e t maximum s t r e s s be s i g m a x
b =200;
d =300;
sigmax =( T1 /( b * t ) +(( E * t ) / d ) ) ;
sigmin =( T2 /( b * t ) ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( T1 i s %0 . 1 f N , T1 ) ;
printf ( \n T2 i s %0 . 1 f N , T2 ) ;
printf ( \n t i s %0 . 2 f mm ,t )
printf ( \n t h e t a i s %0 . 2 f r a d , theta )
printf ( \n s i g m a x i s %0 . 2 f N/mm2 , sigmax ) ;
printf ( \n s i g m i n i s %0 . 3 f N/mm2 , sigmin ) ;
// The a n s w e r f o r T1 i s m i s c a l c u l a t e d i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 20.2 FBD2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

// sum 202
clc ;
clear ;
P =12*10^3;
d =0.2;
D =0.5;
C =2;
sigmax =2*10^6;
t =8*10^ -3;
// L e t d e n s i t y be r h o
rho =950;
u =0.38;
150

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

N =1500;
// L e t a n g l e o f c o n t a c t = t h e t a d
thetad =180 -(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ;
thetad = thetad * %pi /180;
thetaD =(2* %pi ) - thetad ;
v =(2* %pi * N * d ) /(60*2) ;
// L e t T1T2=T
T=P/v;
x = exp ( u * thetad ) ;
b =( T * x ) /((1 - x ) * t *(( rho * v ^2) -( sigmax ) ) ) ;
b = b *10^3;
// L e t b r e a d t h o f t h e p u l l e y be b1
b1 = b *10^3+13; // T a b l e 203
L = sqrt ((4* C ^2) -( C *( D - d ) ^2) ) +(( D * thetaD ) +( d * thetad ) )
/2;
27 // L e t p u l l e y crown f o r d=h1 , D=h2
28 h1 =0.6;
// T a b l e 204
29 h2 =1;
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( b i s %0 . 2 f mm ,b )
printf ( \n L i s %0 . 2 f m ,L )
printf ( \n b1 i s %0 . 2 f mm , b1 ) ;
printf ( \n h1 i s %0 . 1 f mm , h1 ) ;
printf ( \n h2 i s %0 . 1 f mm , h2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 20.3 FBD3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

// sum 203
clc ;
clear ;
P =11;
N =1440;
n =480;
C =2.4;
151

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

// L e t power t r a n s m i t t e dfrom h i g h s p e e d b e l t =P1

P1 =0.0118;
V =5;
Ks =1.2;
v =15;
d = v *10^3*60/(2* %pi * N ) ;
d =0.2;
D=N/n*d;
// L e t a n g l e o f c o n t a c t =t h e t a A
thetaA =180 -(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ;
thetaA = thetaA * %pi /180;
v =(2* %pi * N * d ) /(60*2) ;
// L e t t h e a r c o f c o n t a c t c o r r e c t i o n f a c t o r be Ka
Ka =1.05;
Pd = P * Ka * Ks ;
// L e t c o r r e c t e d l o a d r a t i n g=Pc
Pc = P1 * v / V ;
b = Pd /( Pc *4) ;
thetaB =(2* %pi ) - thetaA ;
L = sqrt ((4* C ^2) -((D - d ) ^2) ) +(( d * thetaA /2) +( D * thetaB )
/2) ;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( v i s %0 . 2 f m/ s ,v )
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 3 f mm ,b )
printf ( \n L i s %0 . 4 f m ,L ) ;

Scilab code Exa 20.4 FBD4

1 // sum 204
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 N =1440;
5 i =2.5;

152

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

C =3600;
// l e t l o a d f a c t o r be LF
LF =1.3;
P =12*10^3;
n=N/i;
V =16;
d = V *10^3*60/(2* %pi * N ) ;
d =220;
D=d*i;
V =2* %pi * N * d /(2*60*1000) ;
v =5;
// L e t power t r a n s m i t t e dfrom h i g h s p e e d b e l t =P1
P1 =0.0118;
// L e t LR be t h e l o a d r a t i n g o f b e l t
LR = P1 / v * V ;
theta =180+(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ;
theta = theta * %pi /180;
// L e t Arc o f c o n t a c t c o n n e c t i o n f a c t o r be CF
CF =1 -(0.03/2) ;
Pd = P * LF * CF ;
b = Pd /( LR *5) ;
b =80;
L = sqrt ((4* C ^2) -( D + d ) ^2) +( theta *( D + d ) /2) ;
L = L *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( V i s %0 . 1 f m/ s ,V )
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm ,b )
printf ( \n L i s %0 . 3 f m ,L ) ;

Scilab code Exa 20.5 FBD5

1 // sum 205
2 clc ;
3 clear ;

153

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

i =3.6;
N =1440;
d =220;
Ks =1.2;
Kf =1.1;
C =5000;
u =0.8;
D=i*d;
// From t a b l e 20 7 , t h e f o l l o w i n g d a t a i s a v a i l a b l e
t =5;
b =120;
Fa =30.64;
// l e t w e i g h t d e n s i t y be w
w =0.106*10^5;
Cp =0.71; // From t a b l e 206
Cv =1;
T1 = Fa * b * t * Cp * Cv ;
m = w * b * t /10^6;
V =2* %pi * N * d /(2*60*1000) ;
Tc = m * V ^2/9.81;
theta =180+(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ;
theta = theta * %pi /180;
x = u * theta ;
T2 = Tc +(( T1 - Tc ) / exp ( x ) ) ;
Pd =( T1 - T2 ) * V *10^ -3;
P = Pd /( Ks * Kf ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( V i s %0 . 2 f m/ s ,V ) ;
printf ( \n Pd i s %0 . 2 f KW , Pd ) ;
printf ( \n P i s %0 . 1 f KW ,P ) ;
// The v a l u e o f T2 i s c a l c u l a t e d i n c o r r e c t l y ,
t h e r e f o r e there i s a d i f f e r e n c e in the values
o f Pd and P .

154

Scilab code Exa 20.6 FBD6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// sum 206
clc ;
clear ;
i =2.5;
C =4500;
N =960;
P =20*10^3;
Ks =1.15;
Kf =1.10;
t =8;
// l e t w e i g h t d e n s i t y be w
w =0.110*10^5;
m = w * t /10^6;
Fa =8.75;
d =200;
D=i*d;
u =0.4;
V =2* %pi * N * d /(2*60*1000) ;
Pd = P * Ks * Kf ;
Cp =1;
Cv =0.6;
// t o f i n d b
T1 = Fa * t * Cp * Cv ;
Tc = m * V ^2/9.81;
theta =180 -(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ;
theta = theta * %pi /180;
x = u * theta ;
T2 = Tc +(( T1 - Tc ) / exp ( x ) ) ;
T = Pd / V ;
b = T /( T1 - T2 ) ;
// b =90;
L = sqrt ((4* C ^2) -( D + d ) ^2) +( theta *( D + d ) /2) ;
155

33 L = L *10^ -3;
34
35
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
36
printf ( V i s %0 . 2 f m/ s ,V )
37
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 3 f mm ,b )
38
printf ( \n L i s %0 . 3 f m ,L ) ;

Scilab code Exa 20.7 FBD7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

// sum 207
clc ;
clear ;
b =160;
t =7;
P =3*10^3;
Ks =1.2;
d =160;
N =1440;
D =480;
C =2400;
w =11200;
u =0.4;
Fa =7.2;
m = w * b * t /10^6;
V =2* %pi * N * d /(2*60*1000) ;
Tc = m * V ^2/9.81;
Cp =0.6; // from t a b l e 206
Cv =0.98; // from t a b l e 207
Ta = Fa * b * Cp * Cv ;
T=P/V;
theta =180 -(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ;
theta = theta * %pi /180;
x = u * theta ;
//T2=Tc +((T1Tc ) / exp ( x ) ) ;
T2 =( T +(( exp ( x ) * Tc ) - Tc ) ) /( exp ( x ) -1) ;
156

27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

T1 = T + T2 ;
Kf = Ta / T1 ;
Pd = P * Ks * Kf ;
Pd = Pd *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tc i s %0 . 0 f N , Tc ) ;
printf ( \n T1 i s %0 . 2 f N , T1 ) ;
printf ( \n T2 i s %0 . 2 f N , T2 ) ;
printf ( \n Kf i s %0 . 2 f , Kf ) ;
printf ( \n Pd i s %0 . 1 f KW , Pd ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n v a l u e s o f T1 and T2 i s due t o
rounding o f f o f v a l u e s .

157

Chapter 21
V BELT DRIVE

Scilab code Exa 21.1 VBELT1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 211
clc ;
clear ;
P1 =12*10^3;
d =0.3;
D =0.9;
C =0.9;
A =230*10^ -6;
// d e n s i t y i s r h o
rho =1100;
N =1500;
//Maximum s t r e s s i s s i g
sig =2.1*10^6;
// s e m i g r o o v e a n g l e i s b
b =20* %pi /180;
u =0.22;
m = rho * A ;
v =2* %pi * N * d /(60*2) ;
Tc = m * v ^2;
T1 = A * sig ;
// wrap a n g l e i s t h e t a A
158

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

ang =( D - d ) /(2* C ) ;
thetaA = %pi /180*(180 -(2* asind ( ang ) ) ) ;
thetaB =((2* %pi ) - thetaA ) ;
x = u * thetaB ;
T2 = Tc +(( T1 - Tc ) / exp ( x ) ) ;
P2 =( T1 - T2 ) * v ;
n = P1 / P2 ;
n =3; // ( r o u n d i n g o f f t o n e a r e s t w h o l e number )
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tc i s %0 . 1 f N , Tc ) ;
printf ( \n T1 i s %0 . 0 f N , T1 ) ;
printf ( \n T2 i s %0 . 1 f N , T2 ) ;
printf ( \n P2 i s %0 . 0 f W , P2 ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 0 f ,n ) ;

Scilab code Exa 21.2 VBELT2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

// sum 212
clc ;
clear ;
D =0.6;
d =0.3;
C =0.9;
m =0.193;
n =2;
N =1500;
u =0.3;
v =2* %pi * N /60* d /2;
P =150*10^3;
Tc = m * v ^2;
// l e t T1T2=T
T = P /( n * v ) ;
thetaA = %pi /180*(180 -(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ) ;
thetaB =((2* %pi ) - thetaA ) ;
159

// Groove a n g l e=b
b =17.5* %pi /180;
x = u * thetaA / sin ( b ) ;
y = exp ( x ) ;
c =( Tc *(1 - y ) ) ;
T2 =( T +( Tc *(1 - y ) ) ) /( y -1) ;
//T2=(Ty ) /Tc ;
T1 = T + Tc ;
Lp =2* sqrt (( C ^2) -((D - d ) /2) ^2) +( thetaA * d /2) +( thetaB * D
/2) ;
27 v = sqrt ( T /(3* m ) ) ;
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tc i s %0 . 2 f N , Tc ) ;
printf ( \n T1 i s %0 . 0 f N , T1 ) ;
printf ( \n T2 i s %0 . 2 f N , T2 ) ;
printf ( \n Lp i s %0 . 3 f m , Lp ) ;
printf ( \n v i s %0 . 2 f m/ s ,v ) ;
printf ( \ nThe d e s i g n a t i o n o f t h e b e l t i s B325145
);
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n v a l u e s o f T1 and T2 i s due t o
rounding o f f o f v a l u e s .

Scilab code Exa 21.3 VBELT3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

// sum 213
clc ;
clear ;
C =1;
m =0.35;
d =0.25;
P =22*10^3;
// L e t t h e s m a l l e r p u l l e y d i a be n
// L e t t h e l a r g e r p u l l e y d i a be N
160

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

n =1000;
N =400;
D=d*n/N;
v =2* %pi * n * d /(60*2) ;
Tc = m * v ^2;
topwidth =22;
h =14;
bottomwidth = topwidth -(2* h * tand (20) ) ;
A =( topwidth + bottomwidth ) /2* h ;
// l e t a l l o w a b l e t e n s i o n be Ta
Ta =2.2;
T1 = A * Ta ;
u =0.28;
thetaA = %pi /180*(180 -(2* asind (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ) ;
thetaB =((2* %pi ) - thetaA ) ;
// Groove a n g l e=b=19
b =19* %pi /180;
x = u * thetaA / sin ( b ) ;
T2 = Tc +(( T1 - Tc ) / exp ( x ) ) ;
n = P /(( T1 - T2 ) * v ) ;
Lp =2* sqrt (( C ^2) -((D - d ) /2) ^2) +( thetaA * d /2) +( thetaB * D
/2) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tc i s %0 . 2 f N , Tc ) ;
printf ( \n T1 i s %0 . 1 f N , T1 ) ;
printf ( \n T2 i s %0 . 1 f N , T2 ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 1 f ,n ) ;
printf ( \n Lp i s %0 . 3 f m , Lp ) ;
printf ( \ nThe d e s i g n a t i o n o f t h e b e l t i s C341447
);
// d i f f e r e n c e i n v a l u e o f Lp i s due t o r o u n d i n g o f f
t h e v a l u e s o f t h e t a A and t h e t a B .

161

Scilab code Exa 21.4 VBELT4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

// sum 214
clc ;
clear ;
P =12*10^3;
Ks =1.1;
Pd =12*10^3* Ks ;
N =1440;
B =17;
t =11;
d =200;
i =3;
D=i*d;
C =1000;
// s i n c e a n g l e o f c o n t a c t t h e t a i s v e r y s m a l l
theta =( D - d ) / C ;
theta = theta *180/ %pi ;
Kc =0.8;
Lp =(2* C ) +( %pi /2*( D + d ) ) +((( D - d ) ^2) /(4* C ) ) ;
Li = Lp -45;
Ki =1.1;
// l e t number o f vb e l t s r e q u i r e d = n
// l e t t h e KW r a t i n g be KWR
KWR =5.23;
n =( P * Ks ) /( KWR * Ks * Ki *10^3) ;
n =3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( D i s %0 . 1 f mm ,D ) ;
printf ( \n C i s %0 . 1 f mm ,C ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 3 f ,n ) ;
printf ( \n L i i s %0 . 0 f mm , Li )

Scilab code Exa 21.5 VBELT5

162

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

// sum 215
clc ;
clear ;
N =800;
P =20;
i =2.5;
Ks =1.5; // ( from t a b l e f o r 35 h r s / day )
Pd = P * Ks ;
d =250;
D=i*d;
C =1.6* D ;
Lp =(2* C ) +( %pi *( D + d ) /2) +(( D - d ) ^2) /(4* C ) ;
Li = Lp +74;
Listd =3454;
Lp = Listd +74;
p =[1 -1.0768 0.0175];
function r = myroots ( p )
a = coeff ( p ,0) ;
b = coeff ( p ,1) ;
c = coeff ( p ,2) ;
r (1) =( -b + sqrt ( b ^2 -4* a * c ) ) /(2* a ) ;
r (2) =( -b - sqrt ( b ^2 -4* a * c ) ) /(2* a ) ;
endfunction
z = roots ( p ) ;
KW =9.4;
Kc =0.795;
K1 =1;
n = Pd /( KW * Kc * K1 ) ;

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( C i s %0 . 4 f m ,z ) ;
printf ( \n Pd i s %0 . 0 f KW , Pd ) ;
printf ( \n n i s %0 . 2 f KW ,n ) ;

163

Chapter 22
FRICTION CLUTCHES

Scilab code Exa 22.1 FC221

// 221
clc ;
clear ;
u =0.28 // ( c o e f f i c i e n t o f f r i c t i o n )
N =300 // ( E n g i n e rpm )
I =7.2
Pmax = 0.1;
R1 =70;
R2 =110;
n =2; // ( Both s i d e s o f t h e p l a t e a r e e f f e c t i v e )
// U s i n g Uniform Wear Theory
// A x i a l F o r c e W
W = n * %pi * Pmax * R1 *( R2 - R1 ) ;
// F r i c t i o n a l Torque Tf
Tf = u * W *( R1 + R2 ) /2*(10^ -3) ;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
// Power P
P = Tf * w ;
// Torque = Mass moment o f i n e r t i a a n g u l a r
acceleration
20 a = Tf / I ;

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

164

21 t = w / a ;
22 // A n g l e t u r n e d by d r i v i n g
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

s h a f t t h e t a 1 t h r o u g h which
slipping takes place
theta1 = w * t ;
// a n g l e t u r n e d by d r i v e n s h a f t t h e t a 2
theta2 = a *( t ^2) /2;
E = Tf *( theta1 - theta2 ) ;

// p r i n t i n g
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
2 ,a ) ;
33 printf ( \ nThe
34 printf ( \ nThe
35
36

d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
f o r c e i s %0 . 1 f N ,W ) ;
Torque i s %0 . 2 f Nm , Tf ) ;
Power i s %0 . 0 f W ,P ) ;
a n g u l a r a c c e l e r a t i o n i s %0 . 2 f r a d / s e c
t i m e t a k e n i s %0 . 1 f s e c ,t ) ;
e n e r g y i s %0 . 2 f Nm ,E ) ;

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r o f e n e r g y E i s due
to rounding o f f o f v a l u e s .

Scilab code Exa 22.2 FC222

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

// 222
clc ;
clear ;
// Power P
P =80*10^3; // ( Watt )
N =3000; // ( E n g i n e rpm )
w =2* %pi *3*10^3/60
Tf =8*10^4/ w ;
Rm =100; // (mm)
p =0.2 //N/mm2
u =0.22
// l e t w i d t h b= ( R1R2 ) .
// A x i a l f o r c e W=2 p i Rmbp
165

14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48

// Torque T=uWRm
b = Tf /( u *2* %pi *( Rm ^2) * p ) ;
b =50;
R2 = Rm + b ;
R1 = Rm - b ;
Di =2* R1 ; // i n n e r d i a m e t e r
W =2* %pi * Rm * b * p ;
n =8; // n i s number o f s p r i n g s
// A x i a l f o r c e p e r s p r i n g W1
W1 = W / n ;
W1 = W1 +15;
// a x i a l d e f l e c t i o n d e l
del =10;
// s t i f f n e s s k
k = W1 / del ;
// S p r i n g i n d e x C
C =6;
// number o f c o i l s n1
n1 =6; // Assumption
d = k * n * n1 *( C ^3) /(80*10^3) ;
d =11; // Rounding o f f t o n e a r e s t s t a n d a r d v a l u e
D=C*d;
clearance =2;
FL =(( n1 +2) * d ) +(2* del ) + clearance ; // two end c o i l s ,
t h e r e f o r e (2 del )
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
;
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe

Torque i s %0 . 2 f Nm , Tf ) ;
w i d t h i s %0 . 0 f mm ,b ) ;
f o r c e i s %0 . 0 f N ,W ) ;
A x i a l f o r c e p e r s p r i n g i s %0 . 0 f N , W1 )
S p r i n g s t i f f n e s s i s %0 . 0 f N/mm ,k ) ;
S p r i n g w i r e d i a m e t e r i s %0 . 0 f mm ,d ) ;
Mean c o i l d i a m e t e r i s %0 . 0 f mm ,D ) ;
F r e e l e n g t h i s %0 . 0 f mm , FL ) ;

166

Scilab code Exa 22.3 FC223

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// 223
clc ;
clear ;
// Power P
P =40*10^3 // Watt
n1 =100; // rpm
n2 =400; // rpm
// Speed f a c t o r Ks
Ks =0.9+0.001* n2 ;
// C l u t c h power Pc
Pc = P * n2 /( n1 * Ks ) *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( \ nThe Speed f a c t o r i s %0 . 1 f , Ks ) ;
printf ( \ nThe c l u t c h p o w e r i s %0 . 0 f KW , Pc ) ;

Scilab code Exa 22.4 FC224

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

// 224
clc ;
clear ;
// p l o t Torque v s Ro/ Ri
// x=Ro/ Ri
// A c c o r d i n g t o Uniform Wear t h e o r y
x =[0 0.2 0.4 0.577 0.6 0.8 1.0];
n = length ( x ) ;
for i =1: n
Tf ( i ) =( x ( i ) -( x ( i ) ^3) ) ;
167

Figure 22.1: FC224

11 end
12 plot (x , Tf ) ;
13 xtitle ( , Ro/ Ri ) ;
14 ylabel ( Tf ) ;
15 xgrid (2) ;

Scilab code Exa 22.5 FC225

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

// 225
clc ;
clear ;
n1 =4;
n2 =3;
n =( n1 + n2 -1) ;
R2 =80;
R1 =50;
168

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// A c c o r d i n g t o Uniform P r e s s u r e Theory
//W=p p i ( ( R2 2 ) (R1 2 ) ) T=n 2 uW ( ( R2 3 ) (R1 3 ) )
/ ( ( ( R2 2 ) (R1 2 ) ) 3 )
P =15*10^3;
N =1400;
u =0.25;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
W = T *3*(( R2 ^2) -( R1 ^2) ) /( n *2* u *(( R2 ^3) -( R1 ^3) ) ) *10^3;
p = W /( %pi *(( R2 ^2) -( R1 ^2) ) ) ;
// p r i n t i n g
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe

d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
a n g u l a r s p e e d i s %0 . 2 f r a d / s e c ,w ) ;
Torque i s %0 . 3 f Nm ,T ) ;
u n i f o r m p r e s s u r e i s %0 . 3 f N/mm2 ,p ) ;
F o r c e i s %0 . 1 f N ,W ) ;

Scilab code Exa 22.6 FC226

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

//FRICTION CLUTCHES
// PAGE 5 8 4 , 226
clc ;
P =5*10^3;
N =1000;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
Rm =50;
pm =0.3;
Tf = P / w ;
u =0.1;
R2 =50*2/(0.6+1) ;
R1 =0.6* R2 ;
// A c c o r d i n g t o u n i f o r m Wear t h e o r y
W = pm * Rm *( R2 - R1 ) *2* %pi ;
n = Tf *(10^3) /( u * W * Rm ) ;
pmax = pm * Rm / R1 ;
169

17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// p r i n t i n g
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
,n ) ;
24 printf ( \ nThe

d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
a n g u l a r s p e e d i s %0 . 2 f r a d / s e c ,w ) ;
Torque i s %0 . 3 f Nm , Tf ) ;
I n n e r r a d i u s i s %0 . 1 f mm , R1 ) ;
Outer r a d i u s i s %0 . 1 f mm , R2 ) ;
number o f c o n t a c t i n g s u r f a c e s i s %0 . 0 f
max . p r e s s u r e i s %0 . 1 f N/mm2 , pmax ) ;

Scilab code Exa 22.7 FC227

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// 227
clc ;
clear ;
P =12*10^3;
N =750 // Speed=N
w =2* %pi * N /60;
Tf = P / w ;
p1 =0.12;
a =12.5; // Semic o n e a n g l e
u =0.3;
k = u *0.18246*1.121/0.21644;
R1 =( Tf *(10^3) / k ) ^(1/3) ;
R2 = R1 *1.242;
Rm =1.121* R1 ;
W =2* %pi * p1 * R1 *( R2 - R1 ) ;
// p r i n t i n g
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe

d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
a n g u l a r s p e e d i s %0 . 2 f r a d / s e c ,w ) ;
Torque i s %0 . 1 f Nm , Tf ) ;
I n n e r r a d i u s i s %0 . 1 f mm , R1 ) ;
Outer r a d i u s i s %0 . 1 f mm , R2 ) ;
mean r a d i u s i s %0 . 2 f mm , Rm ) ;
a x i a l f o r c e i s %0 . 0 f N ,W ) ;
170

24
25

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r i s due t o r o u n d i n g
off of values .

Scilab code Exa 22.8 FC228

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

// 228
clc ;
clear ;
// semi c o n e a n g l e i s g i v e n a s 15 d e g r e e
k = sin (15* %pi /180) ;
u =0.3;
W =300;
Rm =90/2;
Tf = u * W * Rm / k ;
Tf = Tf *(10^ -3) ;
I =0.4;
a = Tf / I ;
N =1440;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
t=w/a;
// D u r i n g S l i p p i n g
theta1 = w * t ;
theta2 = theta1 /2;
U = Tf *( theta1 - theta2 ) ;

// p r i n t i n g
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
2 ,a ) ;
24 printf ( \ nThe
25 printf ( \ nThe
26 printf ( \ nThe
);

d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
Torque i s %0 . 3 f Nm , Tf ) ;
a n g u l a r a c c e l e r a t i o n i s %0 . 3 f r a d / s e c
a n g u l a r s p e e d i s %0 . 1 f r a d / s e c ,w ) ;
t i m e t a k e n i s %0 . 2 f s e c ,t ) ;
Energy l o s t i n f r i c t i o n i s %0 . 0 f Nm ,U

171

Scilab code Exa 22.9 FC229

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

// 229
clc ;
clear ;
P =15*10^3;
Ka =1.25;
N =1500;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
Tf = P / w ;
d =( Tf *16/(50* %pi ) ) ^(1/3) ;
d =25;
Rm =5* d ;
Pav =0.12;
u =0.22;
b = Tf /( %pi * u * Pav *( Rm ^2) ) ;
b =40;
R1 = Rm -( b * sin (15* %pi /180) /2) ;
R2 = Rm +( b * sin (15* %pi /180) /2) ;
// p r i n t i n g
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe

d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
Torque i s %0 . 2 f Nm , Tf ) ;
s h a f t d i a m e t e r i s %0 . 0 f mm ,d ) ;
w i d t h i s %0 . 0 f mm ,b ) ;
I n n e r r a d i u s i s %0 . 1 f mm , R1 ) ;
Outer r a d i u s i s %0 . 1 f mm , R2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 22.10 FC2210

1 // 22 10
2 clc ;
3 clear ;

172

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

w2 =2* %pi *1400/60;

w1 =0.8* w2 ;
P =40*10^3;
T = P / w2 ;
n =4;
T1 = T /4;
R =0.16; // I n n e r r a d i u s o f drum
r =0.13; // r a d i a l d i s t a n c e o f e a c h s h o e from a x i s o f
rotation
u =0.22; // c o e f f i c i e n t o f f r i c t i o n
x = u * r * R *(( w2 ^2) -( w1 ^2) )
m = T1 / x ;
l = R * %pi /3;
N = T1 /( R * u ) ;
p =1*10^5;
b = N /( p * l ) *10^3;
// p r i n t i n g
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
;
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
printf ( \ nThe
l);
printf ( \ nThe

d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
f u l l s p e e d i s %0 . 1 f r a d / s e c , w2 ) ;
e n g a g e m e n t s p e e d i s %0 . 2 f r a d / s e c , w1 )
number o f s h o e s i s %0 . 0 f ,n ) ;
Torque i s %0 . 1 f Nm ,T ) ;
Torque p e r s h o e i s %0 . 1 f Nm , T1 ) ;
mass p e r s h o e i s %0 . 2 f kg ,m ) ;
l e n g t h o f f r i c t i o n l i n i n g i s %0 . 5 f m ,
w i d t h i s %0 . 1 f mm ,b ) ;

173

Chapter 23
BRAKES

Scilab code Exa 23.1 B23 1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 231
clc ;
clear ;
W =20 e3 ;
m = W /9.81;
// d i a m e t e r o f b r a k e drum
Db =0.6;
p =1;
Vi =1;
Vf =0;
D =1;
R =0.5;
wi = Vi / R ;
wf =0;
w =1;
Vav =0.5;
S =2;
t = S / Vav ;
// a n g l e t u r n e d by by h o i s t drum=t h e t a
theta =0.5* wi * t ;
K . E =0.5* m * Vi ^2;
174

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43

P . E =2* W ;
T.E=K.E+P.E;
T = T . E / theta ;
P = wi * T *10^ -3;
Rb = Db /2;
Ft =0.5* T * p / Rb ;
u =0.35;
N = Ft / u ;
// c o n t a c t a r e a o f b r a k e l i n i n g =A
A=N/p;
b =0.3* Db ;
L = A *10^ -6/( b ) ;
// a n g l e s u b t e n d e d a t b r a k e drum c e n t r e=t h e t a 2
theta2 =2*( asin ( L / Db ) ) ;
theta2 = theta2 *180/ %pi ; // c o n v e r t i n g r a d i a n t o
degree
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( T i s %0 . 1 f Nm ,T ) ;
printf ( \n P i s %0 . 4 f kW ,P ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 2 f m ,b ) ;
printf ( \n L i s %0 . 3 f m ,L ) ;
printf ( \n t h e t a 2 i s %0 . 0 f deg , theta2 ) ;

Scilab code Exa 23.2 B23 2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

// sum 232
clc ;
clear ;
b =80;
t =2;
theta =225* %pi /180;
u =0.22;
// F1/F2=e ( u t h e t a )
// l e t F1/F2=x ;
175

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

x = exp ( u * theta ) ;
//maximum t e n s i l e s t r e s s i n s t e e l t a p e i s s i g a
siga =60;
A=b*t;
F1 = siga * A ;
F2 = F1 / x ;
r =0.2;
T =( F1 - F2 ) * r ;
OA =30;
OB =100;
OC =350;
P =(( F2 * OB ) +( F1 * OA ) ) / OC ;
OA = F2 * OB / F1 ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( F1 i s %0 . 0 f N , F1 ) ;
printf ( \n F2 i s %0 . 1 f N , F2 ) ;
printf ( \n T i s %0 . 2 f Nm ,T ) ;
printf ( \n OA i s %0 . 2 f mm , OA ) ;

Scilab code Exa 23.3 B23 3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

// sum 233
clc ;
clear ;
theta = %pi /3;
r =160;
u =0.3;
pmax =0.9;
b =40;
R =(4* r * sin ( theta ) ) /((2* theta ) + sin (2* theta ) ) ;
// f r i c t i o n a l t o r q u e i s T
T =2* u * pmax * b *( r ^2) * sin ( theta ) ;
T =2* T *10^ -3;
Rx =0.5* pmax * b * r *((2* theta ) +( sin (2* theta ) ) ) *10^ -3;
176

14 Ry = u * Rx ;
15
16
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
17
printf ( T i s %0 . 2 f Nmm ,T ) ;
18
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 3 f mm ,R ) ;
19
printf ( \n Rx i s %0 . 3 f kN , Rx ) ;
20
printf ( \n Ry i s %0 . 2 f kN , Ry ) ;

Scilab code Exa 23.4 B23 4

// sum 234
clc ;
clear ;
d =320;
r = d /2;
b =50;
u =0.3;
pmax =1;
c =115*2;
// From t o f i g . 23 9 , d i s t a n c e OA=R i s c a l c u l a t e d .
R = sqrt (115^2+66.4^2) ;
C =115*2;
theta1 =0;
theta2 =120* %pi /180;
theta0 =120* %pi /180;
thetamax = %pi /2;
Tr = u * pmax * b * r ^2*( cos ( theta1 ) - cos ( theta2 ) ) / sin (
thetamax ) *10^ -3;
18 // t h e n o t a t i o n r i s u s e d f o r moments o f r i g h t hand
shoe , s i m i l a r l y l f o r the l e f t shoe .
19 Mfr = u * pmax * b * r *(4* r *( cos ( theta1 ) - cos ( theta2 ) ) +( R *(
cos (2* theta1 ) - cos (2* theta2 ) ) ) ) /(4* sin ( thetamax ) )
*10^ -3;
20 Mpr = pmax * b * r * R *((2* theta0 ) -( sin (2* theta2 ) -( sin (
theta1 ) ) ) ) /(4* sin ( thetamax ) ) *10^ -3;

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

177

21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

F =( Mpr - Mfr ) / c *10^3;

// Mpl+Mfl=F c ;
x = F * c *10^ -3;
y =( Mpr / pmax ) +( Mfr / pmax ) ;
pmax2 = x / y ;
Tl = pmax2 * Tr ;
Mpl = pmax2 * Mpr ;
Mfl = pmax2 * Mfr ;
T = Tl + Tr ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Tr i s %0 . 0 f Nm , Tr ) ;
printf ( \n Mf i s %0 . 2 f Nm , Mfr ) ;
printf ( \n Mp i s %0 . 2 f Nm , Mpr ) ;
printf ( \n Tl i s %0 . 1 f Nm , Tl ) ;
printf ( \n Mfl i s %0 . 2 f Nm , Mfl ) ;
printf ( \n Mpl i s %0 . 2 f Nm , Mpl ) ;
printf ( \n F i s %0 . 1 f N ,F ) ;
printf ( \n T i s %0 . 1 f Nm ,T ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r s a r e due t o
rounding o f f o f v a l u e s .

Scilab code Exa 23.5 B23 5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

// sum 235
clc ;
clear ;
m =1100;
V =65*5/18;
t =4;
r =0.22;
mb =12;
C =460;
S =0.5* V * t ;
178

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

// T o t a l k i n e t i c e n e r g y TE=K . E( v e h i c l e )+K. E( r o t a t i n g
parts ) .
TE =((0.5* m *( V ^2) ) +(0.1*0.5* m *( V ^2) ) ) ;
E = TE /4;
w=V/r;
theta = S / r ;
T = E / theta ;
delT = E /( mb * C ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( S i s %0 . 2 f m ,S ) ;
printf ( \n E i s %0 . 2 f Nm ,E ) ;
printf ( \n T i s %0 . 2 f Nm ,T ) ;
printf ( \n d e l T i s %0 . 2 f , delT ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r s a r e due t o r o u n d i n g
off of values .

Scilab code Exa 23.6 B23 6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 236
clc ;
clear ;
T =35000;
u =0.4;
p =0.7;
r =200;
N = T /( u * r )
b = sqrt ( N / p ) ;
l=b;
// 2 t h e t a = t h e t a 2
theta2 =2* asin ( l /(2* r ) ) ;
F=u*N;
P =((250* N ) -( u * N *80) ) /550;
Ry =N - P ;
179

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

Rx = u * N ;
R = sqrt ( Rx ^2+ Ry ^2) ;
w =2* %pi *100/60;
// Rate o f h e a t g e n e r a t e d i s Q
Q = u * N * w * r /1000;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( N i s %0 . 1 f N ,N ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm ,b ) ;
printf ( \n P i s %0 . 1 f N ,P ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 2 f N ,R ) ;
printf ( \n Q i s %0 . 2 f J / s ,Q ) ;
// The a n s w e r t o Rate o f h e a t g e n e r a t e d Q i s
c a l c u l a t e d i n c o r r e c t l y i n t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 23.7 B23 7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

// sum 237
clc ;
clear ;
Vi =20*5/18;
Vf =0;
m =80;
pmax =1;
u =0.1;
S =50;
KE =0.5* m * Vi ^2;
N = KE /( u * S *2) ;
t = sqrt ( N /( pmax *3) ) ;
b =3* t ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( KE i s %0 . 1 f Nm , KE ) ;
printf ( \n N i s %0 . 2 f N ,N ) ;
180

18
19
20
21

printf ( \n t i s %0 . 1 f mm ,t ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 1 f mm ,b ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e a n s w e r s a r e due t o r o u n d i n g
off of values .

181

Chapter 24
ROPE DRIVE

Scilab code Exa 24.1 RD1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 241
clc ;
clear ;
P =150000;
m =0.4;
D =1.8;
d =0.6;
C =4.2;
V =15;
Fc = m * V ^2;
BL =44.81*10^3;
FOS =35;
F1 = BL / FOS ;
theta = %pi -(2* asin (( D - d ) /(2* C ) ) ) ;
beta =22.5* %pi /180;
u =0.13;
x = u * theta / sin ( beta ) ;
F2 =( F1 - Fc ) / exp ( x ) ;
n = P /(( F1 - F2 ) * V ) ;
n =13;

182

22
23

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( n i s %0 . 0 f
,n ) ;

Scilab code Exa 24.2 RD2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

// sum 242
clc ;
clear ;
W =1000;
m =0.498;
BL =78;
d =12;
Am =0.39* d ^2;
dw = sqrt ( Am *4/(6*19* %pi ) ) ;
Ew =74.4*10^3;
Ds =56* d ;
sigb = Ew * dw / Ds ;
Wb = sigb * %pi *( d ^2) /4*10^ -3;
l =20;
Ws = m * l ;
a =1.2;
Wa = a *( W /2+ Ws ) *10^ -3;
// L e t t h e s t a t i c l o a d be Ps
Ps =( W /2+ Ws ) *9.81*10^ -3;
// l e t t h e e f f e c t i v e l o a d be P e f f
Peff = Ps + Wb + Wa ;
FOS1 = BL / Peff ;
FOS2 = BL /(5+0.612) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( a n n u a l FOS i s %0 . 2 f
, FOS1 ) ;
printf ( \n FOS n e g l e c t i n g b e n d i n g l o a d i s %0 . 1 f
, FOS2 ) ;

183

Scilab code Exa 24.3 RD3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

// sum 243
clc ;
clear ;
d =12;
sigut =1960;
Pb =0.0025* sigut ;
Ds =480;
F = Pb * d * Ds /2;
W = F *2*10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( W i s %0 . 3 f kN
,W ) ;

Scilab code Exa 24.4 RD4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

// sum 244
clc ;
clear ;
sigut =1770;
Pb =0.0018* sigut ;
W =4000;
a =2.5/2;
Ws =90*0.5;
Wa =( W + Ws ) * a /9.81;
Weff = W + Wa ;
d = sqrt ( Weff *2/(23* Pb ) ) ;
d =12;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d ) ;
184

185

Chapter 25
GEARS

Scilab code Exa 25.1 G1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 251
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =25;
Zg =60;
m =5;
dp = m * Zp ;
dg = m * Zg ;
CD =( dp + dg ) /2;
ha = m ;
hf =1.25* m ;
c = hf - ha ;
r =0.4* m ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( dp i s %0 . 0 f mm , dp ) ;
printf ( \n dg i s %0 . 0 f mm , dg ) ;
printf ( \n CD i s %0 . 1 f mm
, CD ) ;
printf ( \n ha i s %0 . 0 f mm
, ha ) ;
printf ( \n h f i s %0 . 2 f mm
, hf ) ;
printf ( \n c i s %0 . 2 f mm
,c ) ;
186

22

printf ( \n r i s %0 . 0 f mm

,r ) ;

Scilab code Exa 25.2 G2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

// sum 252
clc ;
clear ;
N =800;
P =6000;
n =200;
Cs =1.4;
sigb =150;
FOS =2;
Zp =18;
Zg = Zp * N / n ;
Y = %pi *(0.154 -(0.912/ Zp ) ) ;
p =[1 0 -9.5846 -38.135];
function r = myroots ( p )
a = coeff ( p ,0) ;
b = coeff ( p ,1) ;
c = coeff ( p ,2) ;
d = coeff (p , 3) ;
r (1) =( -b + sqrt ( b ^2 -4* a * c ) ) /(2* a ) ;
r (2) =( -b - sqrt ( b ^2 -4* a * c ) ) /(2* a ) ;
endfunction
m = roots ( p ) ;
m =4.5;
dp = m * Zp ;
dg = m * Zg ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( dp i s %0 . 0 f mm , dp ) ;
printf ( \n dg i s %0 . 0 f mm , dg ) ;

187

Scilab code Exa 25.3 G3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// sum 253
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =30;
N =1000;
Zg =75;
m =5;
b =60;
sigut =450;
BHN =350;
Cs =1.5;
FOS =2;
dp = m * Zp ;
dg = m * Zg ;
v =2* %pi * N * dp /(60*1000*2) ;
Cv =3/(3+ v ) ;
sigb =450/3;
Y =0.358;
Sb = m * b * sigb * Y ;
Q =(2* Zg ) /( Zp + Zg ) ;
K =0.16*( BHN /100) ^2;
Sw = b * dp * Q * K ;
Pt = Sb * Cv /( Cs * FOS ) ;
P = Pt * v ;
P = P *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Sb i s %0 . 0 f N
, Sb ) ;
printf ( \n Sw i s %0 . 0 f N , Sw ) ;
printf ( \n P i s %0 . 3 f kW ,P ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f Sw i s due t o
188

r o u n d i n g o f f o f t h e v a l u e o f Q.

Scilab code Exa 25.4 G4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

// sum 254
clc ;
clear ;
n =240;
P =8000;
N =1200;
CD =300;
Cs =1.5;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
G=N/n;
dp = CD *2/6;
dg =5* dp ;
v =2* %pi * N * dp /(60*1000*2) ;
Cv =3/(3+ v ) ;
Pt = P / v ;
Peff = Pt * Cs / Cv ;
m =4;
b =10* m ;
FOS =2;
Sb = Peff * FOS ;
sigut =600;
sigb = sigut /3;
Zp = dp / m ;
Zg = dg / m ;
Q =(2* Zg ) /( Zp + Zg ) ;
K = Sb /( b * dp * Q ) ;
BHN = sqrt ( K /0.16) *100;
BHN =333;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( BHN i s %0 . 0 f
, BHN ) ;
189

Scilab code Exa 25.5 G5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// sum 255
clc ;
clear ;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
N =800;
P =6000;
sigut =450;
i =5;
Cs =1.3;
v =3.6;
FOS =2;
Pt = P / v ;
Cv =3/(3+ v ) ;
sigb = sigut /3;
dp =3.6*1000*2*60/(2* %pi * N ) ;
dp =86;
Sb = Pt * Cs / Cv * FOS ;
// L e t x be m2Y
x = Sb /(10* sigb ) ;
m =5;
Zp =18;
dp = m * Zp ;
Zg = i * Zp ;
dg = m * Zg ;
b =10* m ;
phip = m +(0.25* sqrt ( dp ) ) ;
ep =32+(2.5* phip ) ;
phig = m +(0.25* sqrt ( dg ) ) ;
eg =32+(2.5* phig ) ;
e = ep + eg ;
e = e *10^ -3;
Ps = Cs * Pt ;
190

33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43

r1 = dp /2;
r2 = dg /2;
Pd = e * N * Zp * b * r1 * r2 /(2530* sqrt ( r1 ^2+ r2 ^2) ) ;
Q =(2* Zg ) /( Zp + Zg ) ;
K = Sb /( b * dp * Q ) ;
BHN = sqrt ( K /0.16) *100;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Ps i s %0 . 2 f N
, Ps ) ;
printf ( \n Pd i s %0 . 1 f N
, Pd ) ;
printf ( \n BHN i s %0 . 0 f
, BHN ) ;

Scilab code Exa 25.6 G6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 254
clc ;
clear ;
P =9000;
N =900;
n =150;
sigut =750;
BHN =300;
Cs =1.5;
FOS =2;
i=N/n;
x = sqrt ( i ) ;
Zp =18;
Zg = x * Zp ;
Zg =44;
// L e t a c t u a l s p e e d r e d u c t i o n be xa
xa = Zg / Zp ;
n1 = N / xa ^2;
T1 = P *60/(2* %pi * N ) ;
i2 = N / xa ;
T2 = N / i2 * T1 ;
191

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

m =6;
dp = Zp * m ;
dg = m * Zg ;
phip = m +(0.25* sqrt ( dp ) ) ;
ep =16+(1.25* phip ) ;
phig = m +(0.25* sqrt ( dg ) ) ;
eg =16+(1.25* phig ) ;
e = ep + eg ;
e = e *10^ -3;
Pt =26000;
Ps = Cs * Pt ;
r1 = dp /2;
r2 = dg /2;
b =10* m ;
Pd = e * i2 * Zp * b * r1 * r2 /(2530* sqrt ( r1 ^2+ r2 ^2) ) ;
Q =(2* Zg ) /( Zp + Zg ) ;
sigb = sigut /3;
Y =0.308;
Sb = b * m * sigb * Y ;
K =0.16*( BHN /100) ^2;
Sw = b * dp * K * Q ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( m i s %0 . 0 f mm
,m ) ;
printf ( \n Pd i s %0 . 3 f N
, Pd ) ;
printf ( \n Sw i s %0 . 0 f N
, Sw ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e s i s due t o r o u n d i n g
o f f of the values .

192

Chapter 26
HELICAL GEARS

Scilab code Exa 26.1 HG1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 261
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =20;
Zg =50;
alphan =20* %pi /180;
phi =15* %pi /180;
mn =4;
m = mn / cos ( phi ) ;
alpha =180/ %pi * atan ( tan ( alphan ) /( cos ( phi ) ) ) ;
dp = Zp * m ;
dg = Zg * m ;
ha =4;
hd =1.25* mn ;
// L e t addendum c i r c l e d i a o f p i n i o n be Pa
Pa = dp +(2* mn ) ;
// L e t dedendum c i r c l e d i a o f p i n i o n be Pd
Pd = dp -(2.5* mn ) ;
// L e t addendum c i r c l e d i a o f g e a r be Ga
Ga = dg +(2* mn ) ;
// L e t dedendum c i r c l e d i a o f g e a r be Gd
193

22 Gd = dg -(2.5* mn ) ;
23 b = %pi * mn / sin ( phi ) ;
24
25
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
26
printf ( m i s %0 . 2 f mm ,m ) ;
27
printf ( \n a l p h a i s %0 . 3 f deg , alpha ) ;
28
printf ( \n Pa i s %0 . 1 f mm
, Pa ) ;
29
printf ( \n Pd i s %0 . 1 f mm
, Pd ) ;
30
printf ( \n Ga i s %0 . 0 f mm
, Ga ) ;
31
printf ( \n Gd i s %0 . 0 f mm
, Gd ) ;
32
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 2 f mm
,b ) ;

Scilab code Exa 26.2 HG2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 262
clc ;
clear ;
P =5000;
Zp =25;
Zg =50;
mn =4;
alphan =20* %pi /180;
phi =20* %pi /180;
N =1200;
m = mn / cos ( phi ) ;
dp = Zp * m ;
dg = Zg * m ;
v =2* %pi * N * dp /(60*2*1000) ;
Pt = P / v ;
Pa = Pt * tan ( phi ) ;
Pr = Pt * tan ( alphan ) / cos ( phi ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Pt i s %0 . 2 f N
, Pt ) ;
printf ( \n Pa i s %0 . 1 f N , Pa ) ;
194

22

printf ( \n Pr i s %0 . 2 f N

, Pr ) ;

Scilab code Exa 26.3 HG3

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

// sum 263
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =24;
Zg =72;
alphan =20* %pi /180;
phi =24* %pi /180;
N =720;
mn =5;
b =50;
sigut =600;
BHN =360;
Cs =1.4;
FOS =2;
sigb = sigut /3;
dp = mn * Zp / cos ( phi ) ;
Zp = Zp /( cos ( phi ) ) ^3;
Zg = Zg /( cos ( phi ) ) ^3;
Y =0.358+((0.364 -0.358) *1.48/2) ;
Sb = b * mn * sigb * Y ;
Q =(2* Zg ) /( Zp + Zg ) ;
K =0.16*( BHN /100) ^2;
Sw = b * dp * Q * K /( cos ( phi ) ^2) ;
v =2* %pi * N * dp /(60*2*1000) ;
Cv =5.6/(5.6+ sqrt ( v ) ) ;
Peff = Sb / FOS ;
Pt = Peff * Cv / Cs ;
P = Pt * v ;
P = P *10^ -3;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
195

32
33
34

printf ( P i s %0 . 3 f kW

,P ) ;

// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e i s due t o r o u n d i n g o f f
of the values .

Scilab code Exa 26.4 HG4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

// sum 264
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =25;
Zg =100;
P =5000;
N =2000;
alphan =20* %pi /180;
phi =15* %pi /180;
sigut =660;
Cs =1.5;
FOS =1.8;
v =10;
Zp1 = Zp /( cos ( phi ) ) ^3;
Zg1 = Zg /( cos ( phi ) ) ^3;
Y =0.348+(0.74*0.004) ;
sigb = sigut /3;
Cv =5.6/(5.6+ sqrt ( v ) ) ;
// Sb=FOS P e f f
mn = FOS * P * Cs *60*1000*2* cos ( phi ) /(2* %pi * N * Cv * Zp *12*
sigb * Y ) ;
mn = mn ^(1/3) ;
mn =2.5;
dp = mn * Zp / cos ( phi ) ;
Q =(2* Zg ) /( Zp + Zg ) ;
b =12* mn ;
Sb =12* sigb * Y ;
K = Sb *( cos ( phi ) ^2) /( dp * Q * b ) ;
196

28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

BHN = sqrt ( K /0.16) *100;

dg = mn * Zg / cos ( phi ) ;
phip = mn +(0.25* sqrt ( dp ) ) ;
ep =16+(1.25* phip ) ;
phig = mn +(0.25* sqrt ( dg ) ) ;
eg =16+(1.25* phig ) ;
e = ep + eg ;
e = e *10^ -3;
r1 = dp /2;
r2 = dg /2;
Pd = e * N * Zp1 * b * r1 * r2 /(2530* sqrt ( r1 ^2+ r2 ^2) ) ;
v =2* %pi * N * dp /(60*2*1000) ;
// L e t t a n g e n t i a l component be TC
TC =( Cs *1845/ mn ) +( Pd * cos ( alphan ) * cos ( phi ) ) ;
Sb = b * mn * sigb * Y ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( mn i s %0 . 1 f mm
, mn ) ;
printf ( \n TC i s %0 . 0 f N , TC ) ;
printf ( \n Sb i s %0 . 1 f N , Sb ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e
rounding o f f o f t

197

o f Sb i s due t o

Chapter 27
STRAIGHT BEVEL GEARS

Scilab code Exa 27.1 SBG1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 271
clc ;
clear ;
P =8000;
N1 =400;
N2 =200;
i = N1 / N2 ; // i =Zg /Zp=dg / dp
gamma1 = atan (1/ i ) ;
gamma2 =90 - gamma1 ;
rp =200;
R = rp / sin ( gamma1 ) ;
b =0.2* R ;
rm1 = rp -( b * sin ( gamma1 ) /2) ;
Pt = P *1000*60/(2* %pi * N1 * rm1 ) ;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
Ps = Pt * tan ( alpha ) ;
Pr = Ps * cos ( gamma1 ) ;
Pa = Ps * sin ( gamma1 ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Pt i s %0 . 0 f N , Pt ) ;
198

22
23
24
25
26

printf ( \n Ps i s %0 . 2 f N , Ps ) ;
printf ( \n Pr i s %0 . 2 f N , Pr ) ;
printf ( \n Pa i s %0 . 2 f N , Pa ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e s i s due t o r o u n d i n g
o f f of the values .

Scilab code Exa 27.2 SBG2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

// sum 272
clc ;
clear ;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
Zp =20;
Zg =36;
m =4;
sigut =600;
b =25;
dp = m * Zp ;
rp = dp /2;
dg = m * Zg ;
rg = dg /2;
gamma1 = atan ( rp / rg ) ;
Zpv = Zp / cos ( gamma1 ) ;
Y =0.33+0.003*0.88;
sigb = sigut /3;
Sb = m * b * sigb * Y ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Zpv i s %0 . 2 f
, Zpv ) ;
printf ( \n Sb i s %0 . 0 f N , Sb ) ;

Scilab code Exa 27.3 SBG3

199

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

// sum 273
clc ;
clear ;
m =6;
Zp =30;
Zg =45;
dp = m * Zp ;
rp = dp /2;
dg = m * Zg ;
rg = dg /2;
R = sqrt ( rg ^2+ rp ^2) ;
gamma1 =180/ %pi * asin ( rp / R ) ;
gamma2 =(90 - gamma1 ) ;
ha =6;
hf =1.25* ha ;
phi =180/ %pi * atan ( ha / R ) ;
beta =180/ %pi * atan ( hf / R ) ;
// l e t Face Cone A n g l e be FCA
FCA =( gamma1 + phi ) ;
// L e t Root c o n e a n g l e be RCA
RCA =( gamma1 - beta ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( gamma1 i s %0 . 1 f deg , gamma1 ) ;
printf ( \n gamma2 i s %0 . 1 f deg , gamma2 ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 2 f mm ,R ) ;
printf ( \n FCA i s %0 . 3 f deg , FCA ) ;
printf ( \n RCA i s %0 . 2 f deg , RCA ) ;

Scilab code Exa 27.4 SBG4

1 // sum 274
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 alpha =20* %pi /180;

200

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

Zp =25;
Zg =40;
m =5;
b =30;
BHN =400;
dp = m * Zp ;
rp = dp /2;
dg = m * Zg ;
rg = dg /2;
gamma1 = atan ( rp / rg ) ;
gamma1 =180/ %pi * gamma1 ;
gamma2 =(90 - gamma1 ) ;
a = cosd ( gamma2 ) ;
Zp1 = Zp / cos ( gamma1 ) ;
Zg1 = Zg / a ;
Q =(2* Zg1 ) /( Zp1 + Zg1 ) ;
K =0.16*( BHN /100) ^2;
Sw =0.75* b * dp * Q * K / cosd ( gamma1 ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Sw i s %0 . 1 f N , Sw ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f Sw i s due t o
r o u n d i n g o f f o f t h e v a l u e o f Q.

Scilab code Exa 27.5 SBG5

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

// sum 275
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =20;
Zg =36;
m =4;
b =25;
BHN =360;
201

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

Np =750;
FOS =1.75;
dp = m * Zp ;
rp = dp /2;
dg = m * Zg ;
rg = dg /2;
gamma1 = atan ( dp / dg ) ;
gamma1 =180/ %pi * gamma1 ;
gamma2 =(90 - gamma1 ) ;
a = cosd ( gamma2 ) ;
Zp1 = Zp / cosd ( gamma1 ) ;
Zg1 = Zg / a ;
Q =(2* Zg1 ) /( Zp1 + Zg1 ) ;
K =0.16*( BHN /100) ^2;
R = sqrt ( rp ^2+ rg ^2) ;
Y =0.33+0.003*0.86;
sigut =600;
sigb = sigut /3;
Sb = m * b * Y * sigb *(1 -( b / R ) ) ;
Sw =0.75* b * dp * Q * K / cosd ( gamma1 ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Sb i s %0 . 0 f N
, Sb ) ;
printf ( \n Sw i s %0 . 1 f N , Sw ) ;
// The answwer t o Sb i s c a l c u l a t e d i n c o r r e c t l y i n t h e
book .

Scilab code Exa 27.6 SBG6

1 // sum 276
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 Dp =300;
5 rp =150;

202

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

// L e t t h e a n g u l a r v e l o c i t y r a t i o be i
i =2/3;
rg = rp / i ;
Dg =2* rg ;
R = sqrt ( rp ^2+ rg ^2) ;
P =15000;
N =300;
Cs =1.5;
FOS =2;
sigb =100;
gamma1 = atan ( Dp / Dg ) ;
gamma1 =180/ %pi * gamma1 ;
gamma2 =(90 - gamma1 ) ;
v =2* %pi * N * rp /(60*1000) ;
Cv =5.6/(5.6+ sqrt ( v ) ) ;
Pt = P / v ;
Peff = Pt * Cs / Cv ;
Sb = Peff * FOS ;
b = R /4;
// l e t x=mY
x = Sb /( b * sigb *(1 -( b / R ) ) ) ;
m =6;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( mY i s %0 . 3 f mm2 ,x ) ;
printf ( \n m i s %0 . 0 f mm ,m ) ;

Scilab code Exa 27.7 SBG7

1
2
3
4
5
6

// sum 277
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =24;
Zg =36;
N =1400;
203

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

P =11600;
Cs =1.4;
FOS =2;
sigut =600;
sigb = sigut /3;
gamma1 = atan ( Zp / Zg ) ;
gamma1 =180/ %pi * gamma1 ;
gamma2 =(90 - gamma1 ) ;
a = cosd ( gamma2 ) ;
Zp1 = Zp / cosd ( gamma1 ) ;
Zg1 = Zg / a ;
Q =(2* Zg1 ) /( Zp1 + Zg1 ) ;
v =1.76;
Pt = P / v ;
Cv =5.6/(5.6+ sqrt ( v ) ) ;
Peff = Pt * Cs / Cv ;
x = Peff * FOS ;
Y =0.352+(0.003*0.85) ;
y =2* sigb * Y *(1 -(6/21.63) ) ;
m = sqrt ( x / y ) ;
// D e s i g n i s s a f e f o r m=4
m =4;
b =6* m ;
dp =24* m ;
rp =48;
dp = dp / cosd ( gamma1 ) ;
v =2* %pi * N * rp /(60*1000) ;
Cv =5.6/(5.6+ sqrt ( v ) ) ;
Sb = y * m ^2;
//Sw=Sb ;
K = Sb /(0.75* b * dp * Q ) ;
BHN = sqrt ( K /0.16) *100;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( m i s %0 . 0 f mm ,m ) ;
printf ( \n BHN i s %0 . 0 f
, BHN ) ;
// The answwer t o BHN i s c a l c u l a t e d i n c o r r e c t l y i n
204

t h e book .

Scilab code Exa 27.8 SBG8

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29

// sum 278
clc ;
clear ;
Zp =40;
Zg =60;
P =3500;
N =600;
Cs =1.5;
sigb =55;
gamma1 = atan ( Zp / Zg ) ;
gamma1 =180/ %pi * gamma1 ;
gamma2 =(90 - gamma1 ) ;
a = cosd ( gamma2 ) ;
Zp1 = Zp / cosd ( gamma1 ) ;
Zg1 = Zg / a ;
Q =(2* Zg1 ) /( Zp1 + Zg1 ) ;
// D e s i g n i s s a f e f o r m=6
m =6;
b =6* m ;
dp = Zp * m ;
rp = dp /2;
dg = Zg * m ;
rg = dg /2;
R = sqrt ( rp ^2+ rg ^2) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( m i s %0 . 0 f mm ,m ) ;
printf ( \n b i s %0 . 0 f mm ,b ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 0 f mm ,R ) ;

205

Chapter 28
WORM AND WORM WHEEL
SET

Scilab code Exa 28.1 WWS1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

// sum 281
clc ;
clear ;
Z1 =1;
Z2 =30;
q =10;
m =5;
d=q*m;
D = m * Z2 ;
// l e t t h e s p e e d r e d u c t i o n r a t i o be G
G = Z2 / Z1 ;
CD =( d + D ) /2;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b
printf ( G i s %0 . 0 f
,G ) ;
printf ( \n CD i s %0 . 0 f mm
printf ( \n d i s %0 . 0 f mm
printf ( \n D i s %0 . 0 f mm

206

o / p window
, CD ) ;
,d ) ;
,D ) ;

Scilab code Exa 28.2 WWS2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

// sum 282
clc ;
clear ;
Z1 =1;
Z2 =52;
q =10;
m =8;
i = Z2 / Z1 ;
CD =(( m * q ) +( m * Z2 ) ) /2;
lambda = atan ( Z1 / q ) ;
d=q*m;
da = m *( q +2) ;
df = m *( q +2 -(4.4* cos ( lambda ) ) ) ;
pa = m * %pi ;
D = m * Z2 ;
Da = m *( Z2 +(4* cos ( lambda ) ) -2) ;
Df = m *( Z2 -2 -(0.4* cos ( lambda ) ) ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( i i s %0 . 0 f
,i ) ;
printf ( \n CD i s %0 . 0 f mm , CD ) ;
printf ( \n pa i s %0 . 2 f mm , pa ) ;
printf ( \n da i s %0 . 0 f mm , da ) ;
printf ( \n d f i s %0 . 3 f mm , df ) ;
printf ( \n Da i s %0 . 3 f mm , Da ) ;
printf ( \n Df i s %0 . 3 f mm , Df ) ;

Scilab code Exa 28.3 WWS3

1

// sum 283
207

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

clc ;
clear ;
Z1 =2;
Z2 =60;
q =10;
m =5;
P =6000;
N =1440;
u =0.08;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
lambda = atan ( Z1 / q ) ;
d=m*q;
w =2* %pi * N /60;
T=P/w;
Ptw = T *10^3/( d /2) ;
a = cos ( alpha ) ;
b = cos ( lambda ) ;
x = sin ( alpha ) ;
y = sin ( lambda ) ;
Paw = Ptw *((( a * b ) -( u * y ) ) /(( a * y ) +( u * b ) ) ) ;
Prw = Ptw * y /(( a * y ) +( u * b ) ) ;
//Paw=Ptw ( ( c o s ( a l p h a ) c o s ( lambda ) ) (u s i n ( lambda ) ) )
/ ( ( c o s ( a l p h a ) s i n ( lambda ) ) +(u c o s ( lambda ) ) ) ;
24 // Prw=Ptw ( ( s i n ( a l p h a ) ) / ( ( c o s ( a l p h a ) s i n ( lambda ) ) +(u
c o s ( lambda ) ) ) ) ;
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( Ptw=Pag i s %0 . 1 f N , Ptw ) ;
printf ( \n Paw=Ptg i s %0 . 0 f N , Paw ) ;
printf ( \n Prw=Prg
i s %0 . 0 f N , Prw ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e i s due t o r o u n d i n g o f f
the values .

Scilab code Exa 28.4 WWS4

208

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

// sum 284
clc ;
clear ;
Z1 =2;
Z2 =40;
q =8;
m =5;
d=q*m;
P =1.2;
lambda = atan ( Z1 / q ) ;
N =1000;
Vt =2* %pi * N *20/(60*1000) ;
Vs = Vt / cos ( lambda ) ;
u =0.032;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
x = cos ( alpha ) ;
y = tan ( lambda ) ;
z =( cos ( lambda ) ) / sin ( lambda ) ;
n =( x -( u * y ) ) /( x +( u * z ) ) ;
// L e t power o u t p u t be Po
Po = P * n ;
// L e t power l o s t i n f r i c t i o n be Pf
Pf =P - Po ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( P i s %0 . 1 f kW ,P ) ;
printf ( \n Po i s %0 . 3 f kW , Po ) ;
printf ( \n Pf i s %0 . 3 f kW , Pf ) ;

Scilab code Exa 28.5 WWS5

1 // sum 285
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 Z1 =2;

209

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

Z2 =54;
q =10;
m =8;
P =4000;
A =1.8;
K =16;
N =1000;
u =0.028;
lambda = atan ( Z1 / q ) ;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
d=m*q;
Vt =2* %pi * N * d /(2*60*1000) ;
Vs = Vt / cos ( lambda ) ;
x = cos ( alpha ) ;
y = tan ( lambda ) ;
z =( cos ( lambda ) ) / sin ( lambda ) ;
n =( x -( u * y ) ) /( x +( u * z ) ) ;
delT = P *(1 - n ) /( K * A ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( n i s %0 . 3 f
,n ) ;
printf ( \n d e l T i s %0 . 2 f deg , delT ) ;

Scilab code Exa 28.6 WWS6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

// sum 286
clc ;
clear ;
Z1 =1;
Z2 =30;
q =10;
m =6;
// L e t t h e u l t i m a t e s t r e n g t h o f g e a r i s s i g u t
// L e t t h e a l l o w a b l e s t r e n t h o f w h e e l i s s i g b
sigut =450;
210

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

sigb =84;
N =1200;
n = N / Z2 ;
alpha =20* %pi /180;
d=m*q;
D = Z2 * m ;
b =3* d /4;
V =2* %pi * n * D /(2*60*1000) ;
Cv =6/(6+ V ) ;
y =0.154 -(0.912/ Z2 ) ;
Y = %pi * y ;
Sb = sigb * b * Cv * m * Y ;
K =0.415;
Sw = b * D * K ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Sb i s %0 . 0 f N , Sb ) ;
printf ( \n Sw i s %0 . 0 f N , Sw ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f Sb i s due t o
rounding o f f the v a l u e s .

211

Chapter 29
GEARBOX

Scilab code Exa 29.1 GB1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

// sum 291
clc ;
clear ;
Ts1 =16;
Ts2 =18;
Ts3 =20;
Ts4 =25;
Tr1 =64;
Tr2 =63;
Tr3 =70;
Tr4 =50;
// L e t Nr1 / Nr2=G1
G1 =1+( Ts1 / Tr1 ) ;
// L e t Nr1 / Ni=G2
G2 =( Ts2 /( Tr2 *(1 -(1/ G1 ) +( Ts2 / Tr2 ) ) ) ) ;
// L e t Ni /No=G3 ( t h i r d g e a r )
G3 =(1+( Ts3 / Tr3 ) ) /(( Ts3 / Tr3 ) + G2 ) ;
// L e t Ni / Nr1=G4
// The r a t i o c a l c u l a t i o n s a r e done a s a b o v e
G4 =1.2857/0.2857;
212

22 // L e t Ni /No =G5 ( s e c o n d g e a r )
23 G5 = -20/70;
24 // L e t Ni /No=G6 ( f i r s t g e a r )
25 G6 =1.2857/0.2857;
26 // L e t Ni /No=G7 ( r e v e r s e g e a r )
27 G7 = -1.7143/0.2857;
28
29
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
30
printf ( r a t i o f o r t h i r d g e a r i s %0 . 3 f
, G3 ) ;
31
printf ( \n r a t i o f o r s e c o n d g e a r i s %0 . 4 f
, G5 ) ;
32
printf ( \n r a t i o f o r f i r s t g e a r i s %0 . 1 f
, G6 ) ;
33
printf ( \n r a t i o f o r r e v e r s e g e a r i s %0 . 3 f
, G7 )

Scilab code Exa 29.2 GB2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 292
clc ;
clear ;
// L e t r e v e r s e s p e e d g e a r be RSG
RSG =5.5;
// L e t T5/T6 = Z1
T1 =2;
// L e t T3/T7 = Z2
Z2 =2.75;
T7 =18;
T3 = Z2 * T7 ;
T3 =50;
// L e t T3/T1 =Z3
Z3 =2.5;
T1 = T3 / Z3 ;
// L e t T4/T2 = Z4
Z4 =2.25/2;
T2 =( T1 + T3 ) /( Z4 +1) ;
T4 = T1 + T3 - T2 ;
213

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46

// L e t T5/T6=Z5
Z5 =2;
T6 =( T1 + T3 ) /3;
T5 =( T1 + T3 ) - T6 ;
T7 =18;
// l e t f i r s t g e a r r a t i o i s G1
G1 =50*47/(20*23) ;
// L e t 2 nd g e a r r a t i o i s G2
G2 =37*47/(33*23) ;
// L e t 3 r d g e a r r a t i o i s G3
G3 =1;
// L e t r e v e r s e g e a r r a t i o i s R
R =50*47/(18*23) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( T1 i s %0 . 0 f
, T1 ) ;
printf ( \n T2 i s %0 . 0 f
, T2 ) ;
printf ( \n T3 i s %0 . 0 f
, T3 ) ;
printf ( \n T4 i s %0 . 0 f
, T4 ) ;
printf ( \n T5 i s %0 . 0 f
, T5 ) ;
printf ( \n T6 i s %0 . 0 f
, T6 ) ;
printf ( \n T7 i s %0 . 0 f
, T7 ) ;
printf ( \n G1 i s %0 . 3 f
, G1 ) ;
printf ( \n G2 i s %0 . 3 f
, G2 ) ;
printf ( \n G3 i s %0 . 1 f
, G3 ) ;
printf ( \n R i s %0 . 3 f
,R ) ;

Scilab code Exa 29.3 GB3

1 // sum 293
2 clc ;
3 clear ;
4 // L e t t h e c o n s t a n t g e a r
5 G =2;

r a t i o be G

214

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

x =5.5^(1/3) ;
G1 =1;
G2 = x ;
G3 = x * x ;
G4 = x ^3;
T7 =18;
T8 = T7 *( x ^3) /2;
T8 =51;
T5 =69/2.558;
T6 =69 -27;
T4 =69/1.8825;
T3 =69 - T4 ;
T1 =23;
T2 =46;
T9 =18;
G1 = T2 * T8 /( T1 * T7 ) ;
G2 = T2 * T6 /( T1 * T5 ) ;
G3 =1;
G4 = - T2 * T8 /( T1 * T9 ) ;
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( T1 i s %0 . 0 f
, T1 ) ;
printf ( \n T2 i s %0 . 0 f
, T2 ) ;
printf ( \n T3 i s %0 . 0 f
, T3 ) ;
printf ( \n T4 i s %0 . 0 f
, T4 ) ;
printf ( \n T5 i s %0 . 0 f
, T5 ) ;
printf ( \n T6 i s %0 . 0 f
, T6 ) ;
printf ( \n T7 i s %0 . 0 f
, T7 ) ;
printf ( \n T8 i s %0 . 0 f
, T8 ) ;
printf ( \n T9 i s %0 . 0 f
, T9 ) ;
printf ( \n G1 i s %0 . 3 f
, G1 ) ;
printf ( \n G2 i s %0 . 3 f
, G2 ) ;
printf ( \n G3 i s %0 . 3 f
, G3 ) ;
printf ( \n G4 i s %0 . 3 f
, G4 ) ;

215

Chapter 30
CHAIN DRIVE

Scilab code Exa 30.1 CD1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

// sum 301
clc ;
clear ;
n1 =17;
n2 =51;
C =300;
p =9.52;
Ln =(2* C / p ) +(( n1 + n2 ) /2) +(((( n2 - n1 ) /(2* %pi ) ) ^2) *( p / C ) )
;
x =( Ln -(( n2 + n1 ) /(2) ) ) ^2;
y =8*((( n2 - n1 ) /(2* %pi ) ) ^2) ;
z = Ln -(( n1 + n2 ) /2) ;
C =( p /4) *( z +( sqrt (x - y ) ) )

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o / p window
printf ( C i s %0 . 2 f mm ,C ) ;

Scilab code Exa 30.2 CD2

216

// sum 302
clc ;
clear ;
G =4;
n1 =17;
n2 = n1 * G ;
N1 =2300;
Kc =1.2; // from t a b l e 302
p =12.7; // fom t a b l e 301
D1 = p * n1 ;
D2 = p * n2 ;
phi =2*10.6;
x = tan ( phi /2) ; // p h i /2 = 1 0 . 6 deg , from t a b l e 303
Da1 =( p / x ) +(0.6* p ) ;
Da2 =( p / x *4) +(0.6* p ) ;
Cmin = Kc *(( Da1 + Da2 ) /2) ;
Ln1 =(2* Cmin / p ) +(( n1 + n2 ) /2) +(((( n2 - n1 ) /(2* %pi ) ) ^2) *( p
/ Cmin ) ) ;
18 Ln1 =80;
19
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
20
printf ( Ln i s %0 . 0 f , Ln1 ) ;

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

Scilab code Exa 30.3 CD3

// sum 303
clc ;
clear ;
N1 =1000;
N2 =500;
P =2.03*10^3; // from t a b l e 308
K1 =1.26;
Ks =1;
// l e t Pc be t h e power t r a n s m i t t i n g c a p a c i t y o f t h e
chain
10 Pc = P * K1 / Ks ;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

217

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

p =9.52;
n1 =21;
n2 =42;
V = n1 * p * N1 /(60*10^3) ;
// L e t t h e c h a i n t e n s i o n be T
T = Pc / V ;
// L e t t h e b r e a k i n g l o a d be BL
BL =10700;
FOS = BL / T ;
C =50* p ;
Ln =(2* C / p ) +(( n1 + n2 ) /2) +(((( n2 - n1 ) /(2* %pi ) ) ^2) *( p / C ) )
;
22 L = Ln * p ;
23 Pc = Pc *10^ -3;
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( Pc i s %0 . 2 f KW , Pc ) ;
printf ( \n V i s %0 . 3 f m/ s ,V ) ;
printf ( \n T i s %0 . 1 f N ,T ) ;
printf ( \n FOS i s %0 . 2 f
, FOS ) ;
printf ( \n L i s %0 . 2 f mm ,L ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f L and T i s due t o
rounding o f f the v a l u e s .

Scilab code Exa 30.4 CD4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

// sum 305
clc ;
clear ;
G =2;
P =5000;
Ks =1.7;
Pd = P * Ks ;
K2 =1.7;
218

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

p =15.88;
n1 =17;
n2 = n1 * G ;
D1 = n1 * p ;
D2 = n2 * p ;
C =40* p ;
Ln =(2* C / p ) +(( n1 + n2 ) /2) +(((( n2 - n1 ) /(2* %pi ) ) ^2) *( p / C ) )
;
16 L = Ln * p ;
17
18
19
20

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( L i s %0 . 2 f mm ,L ) ;
// The d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e v a l u e o f L i s due t o
rounding o f f the v a l u e s .

219

Chapter 31
SEALS PACKING AND
GASKETS

Scilab code Exa 31.1 SPG1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

// sum 311
clc ;
clear ;
d =18;
lg =25+25;
Eb =210*10^3;
Ecl =90*10^3;
A = %pi * d ^2/4;
kb = A * Eb / lg ;
x =(5*( lg +(0.5* d ) ) /( lg +(2.5* d ) ) ) ;
km = %pi * Ecl * d /(2* log ( x ) ) ;
C = kb /( kb + km ) ;
sigp =600;
At =192;
Pi =0.75* sigp * At ;
F =200;
C =0.322;
Pb = F * C *10^3;
FOS =2;
220

20 W = At * sigp ;
21 N = Pb * FOS /( W - Pi ) ;
22
23
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n
24
printf ( N i s %0 . 2 f

s c i l a b o /p window
,N ) ;

Scilab code Exa 31.2 SPG2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

// sum 312
clc ;
clear ;
d =16;
D =1.5* d ;
t =20;
tg =4;
// L e t G a s k e t d i a m e t e r i n c o m p r e s s i o n z o n e be d1
d1 = D +(2* t ) + tg ;
lg =40;
E =207*10^3;
kb = %pi * d ^2* E /( lg *4) ;
Ecl =90*10^3;
x =(5*( lg +(0.5* d ) ) /( lg +(2.5* d ) ) ) ;
kp = %pi * Ecl * d /(2* log ( x ) ) ;
Ag = %pi *( d1 ^2 - d ^2) /4;
Eg =480;
kg = Ag * Eg / tg ;
km = kg * kp /( kg + kp ) ;
C = kb /( kb + km ) ;
At =157;
sigp =600;
Pi =0.75* At * sigp /2;
FOS =2;
Pf = At * sigp / FOS ;
W = Pf - Pi ;
P=W/C;
221

28 N =5;
29 F = P * N ;
30 p = F *4/( %pi *120^2) ;
31
32
// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
33
printf ( p i s %0 . 3 f N/mm2
,p ) ;

Scilab code Exa 31.3 SPG3

// sum 313
clc ;
clear ;
sigp =600;
FOS =3;
siga = sigp / FOS ;
d =16;
D =1.5* d +60;
// L e t G a s k e t d i a m e t e r i n c o m p r e s s i o n z o n e be d1
d1 =(300 -160) /2;
// L e t c o m p r e s s i v e s t r e s s i n g a s k e t f o r l e a k p r o o f
j o i n t be s i g l
12 sigl =12;
13 At =[1 157; 2 192; 3 245]
14 d =[1 16; 2 18; 3 20]

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

n =3;
for ( i =1: n )
Pi (i ,2) = At (i ,2) * d (i ,2)
Pc (i ,2) =3* %pi *( d1 ^2 - d (i ,2) ^2)
if ( Pi (i ,2) >= Pc (i ,2) ) then
printf ( The D e s i g n i s s a f e )
end
end

222

26
27
28

// p r i n t i n g d a t a i n s c i l a b o /p window
printf ( d i s %0 . 0 f mm
,d (i ,2) ) ;

223