Summary of radio network planning

ZTE University

Objectives

At the end of this course, you will be able to:

Describe the contents and flow of site survey State the basic principle of site selection Master the using of site survey tools

Contents

Site survey summary Preparation of site survey Working flow of site survey Data audit and documents output Site survey tools Site survey instances

Function

Provide basic data for planning and imitation; Make planning more reasonable and reduce risk; Reduce the cost of network

Goals

Know the feature of field, landform and subscribers, estimate the subscriber number and traffic Integrate coverage, traffic density, site condition and cost Output BTS site type, site location , distribution and antenna configuration which satisfying customers requirements. Make site survey of each site and prepare three candidate sites for substitution

Working flow
Requirement analysis Site survey plan

preparation

Execution

Single site record

Collection and check N

Right data ? Y Output Site survey report Site survey report

Contents

Site survey summary Preparation of site survey Working flow of site survey Data audit and documents output Site survey tools Site survey instances

Requirement analysis

Target of network (coverage and capacity) Customers suggestion on site type (micro cell, repeater, indoor coverage etc.) Existing network situation of coverage area (site distribution of other operators) Working interface with customers Schedule and resource of site survey

Output of requirements analysis

Collect and analyze all the requirements form customer, combined with network planning and site survey documents. Output report of requirements analysis.

Tools

Tools
GPS Compass necessary Digital camera ruler vehicle map Not necessary Range finder telescope test equipment

Function
Altitude, latitude and longitude of BTS direction and environment photo the environment of site For measurement One vehicle for each team Digital map, scan map, paper map Measure distance Increase sight scope Test the coverage of site

Site survey plan

According to the project and requirements report, make detail site survey plan, including goal, organization, personnel, tools, schedule and outputs.

Contents

Site survey summary Preparation of site survey Working flow of site survey Data process and documents output Site survey tools Site survey instances

Site survey flow

Site initial information

start

Site adjust

Not suitable

Site location selection

Information collection and analyzing

Cell parameters design

Site survey record table

end

Site initial information

Latitude and longitude of sites from planning Site location provided by operators The location of old substitute sites Sites of other operators

Principle of site selection

No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Common principle for site selection

Site should be in the ideal position of honeycomb structure The BTS density should match the traffic density The height of BTS should lower then the highest building and higher then the average building Avoid high buildings or potential blocking constructions, which may affect the coverage Avoid radio station, radar or other strong interference equipments Avoid choose the top of hill or woods Necessary condition for site building Select the equipment rooms with little expansion cost or buildings with less rent Try to select the existing telecom station, micro wave station, so to reuse the power supply The feasibility, cost and performance should be considered before the microwave is used as transmission

11

Dual band sites should be at same site in urban area

Information collection and analysis

Traffic distribution survey

Traffic distribution in serving area Economy level, average income and consumption habits. Forecast subscriber increase trend Location information of BTS (longitude, latitude, altitude) Description of the overall environment Description of barriers

Radio propagation environment survey

Cell parameter design

BTS type Site configuration Antenna parameters Antenna height Azimuth Tilt down angle

Site survey record table

Altitude, longitude and precision of GPS Geographic description of BTS Important area Direction Transmission system Repeater basic information Co-site description Picture of site

Contents

Site survey summary Preparation of site survey Working flow of site survey Data audit and documents output Site survey tools Site survey instances

Data audit and documents output

After the site survey, all the documents should be collected by team leader, who will pass them to network planning technical manager After check and audit, Network planning manager will pass these documents to project manager.

Check and audit

Check and audit from technical view, make sure the site survey result is true, accurate, reasonable and feasible:

Fill up <Radio network site survey report> If there is any questions about sites, communicate with customers and put it into MOU. If the environments is not good for sites, suggestion must be given to customers for improvement.

Output report

After gather and audit, provide the following information in the final report

BTS site survey reportChinese, English Coverage area list BTS site information list

Contents

Site survey summary Preparation of site survey Working flow of site survey Data audit and documents output Site survey tools Site survey instances

GPS

Main indices

Receive sensitivity Navigation Physical index Power Power key Turn page Input Exit

Keys on panel

GPS

Basic operate

power on, light, shut down Automatic location Location and navigation operation Navigation on route

GPS

Notes for longitude/latitude measurement

GPS needs 3 satellites for location The measurement mode is WGS84 The angle unit is degree Try close to site to measure The precision of digital map GPS measurement deviation The test spot is not same as planned

Deviation compared with digital map

Compass

Main function

Direction and tilt down angle Landform measurement: include orientation, slope degree, fix level Vertical angle

Structure

Magnetic needle Horizontal dial Vertical dial Aim board Viewfinder

1viewfinder 2Aim board 3Magnetic needle 4Horizontal dial 5Vertical dial 6Vertical scale indicator 7Vertical level organ 8batholith level organ 9Magnetic needle fix helix 10thimble 11lever 12Glass cover 13Box and needle round board

Compass

Antenna direction

Stand under the antenna or tower with instrument in hand Make the upper cover face you, aim board point to antenna Wait for the needle stop, the degree of the needle N pole is the direction of antenna. Keep the compass close to the character surface of antenna, and keep the bleb in the middle for some time Read the degree, which represent the tiltdown angle of this character surface.

Antenna tiltdown

Contents

Site survey summary Preparation of site survey Working flow of site survey Data audit and documents output Site survey tools Site survey instances

Unreasonable location

BTS site close to high voltage cable

Wrong: One BTS is close to a high voltage cable, antenna is at the same level as power cable and the distance to power cable is no more than 10 meters. Right: move the BTS 50 meters away from the power cable for safety

BTS is on the hill in urban

In order to cover a city, a BTS is built on a hill with 300 meters high. As the BTS is so high that all the MS in this city can receive the signal, which make other BTS traffic idle, This site is congestion, and cause many MS fail to call.

Unreasonable planning

Less BTS sites in dense urban area

Total 29 frequencies available for one city, so only 5 sites were build. Limited by frequency resources, there is no large capacity sites which cant satisfy the traffic requirement. Solution: Another 8 new BTS sites were built to fit the large traffic.