RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 1

PETE 216
Reservoir Rock and Fluid Properties
Fall 2006-2007
Dr. Mahmut Parlaktuna

CONVENTIONAL PVT MEASUREMENTS

RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 2





STANDARD PVT TESTS
Compositional Analysis (CA)
Multistage Separation (MSS)
Constant Composition Expansion (CCE) (Flash
vaporization test)
Differential Liberation Expansion (DLE)
(Differential vaporization test)
Constant Volume Depletion (CVD)
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 3





RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 4





OIL PVT ANALYSES
Bottomhole wellstream compositional
analysis through C
7+
,
CCE
DLE
MSS
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 5





COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (GC)
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (LC)

RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 6





RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 7





Constant Composition Expansion
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 8





Constant Composition Expansion
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 9





Constant Composition Expansion
Pressure (psig) Relative Volume Y Function Density (g/cm
3
)
5000 0.9639 0.6808
4500 0.9702 0.6763
4100 0.9756 0.6726
4000 0.9770 0.6716
3500 0.9845 0.6665
3000 0.9928 0.6609
2900 0.9946 0.6597
2800 0.9964 0.6585
2700 0.9984 0.6572
2620 1.0000 0.6562
2605 1.0021
2591 1.0042
2516 1.0157
2401 1.0353
2253 1.0648 2.497
2090 1.1041 2.418
1897 1.1627 2.325
1698 1.2415 2.229
1477 1.3611 2.122
1292 1.5000 2.033
1040 1.7839 1.911
830 2.1709 1.810
640 2.7603 1.718
472 3.6961 1.637
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 10





Constant Composition Expansion
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Relative Volume
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

(
p
s
i
g
)
Bubble point
P
b
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 11





Constant Composition Expansion
o
T
1 V
c =-
V P
c
| |
|
c
\ .
Above bubblepoint
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 12





Constant Composition Expansion
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Pressure (psig)
Y

f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
( )
( )
b
t b
b
P -P
P
Y=
V -V
V
(
(

(
(

RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 13





Differential Liberation Expansion
sc R
g
sc sc
P V T
B = =Z
V T P
| |
| |
| |
\ .
\ .
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 14





Differential Liberation Expansion
Pressure
(psig)
R
sd

(SCF/bbl)
1

R
sd

(vol/vol)
1

B
od
2
B
td
3

Oil density
(g/cm
3
)
Z B
g
4

Incremental
gas gravity
2620 854 152 1.600 1.600 0.6562
2350 763 136 1.554 1.665 0.6655 0.846 0.00685 0.825
2100 683 122 1.515 1.748 0.6731 0.851 0.00771 0.818
1850 612 109 1.479 1.859 0.6808 0.859 0.00882 0.797
1600 544 97 1.445 2.016 0.6889 0.872 0.01034 0.791
1350 479 85 1.412 2.244 0.6969 0.887 0.01245 0.794
1100 416 74 1.382 2.593 0.7044 0.903 0.01552 0.809
850 354 63 1.351 3.169 0.7121 0.922 0.02042 0.831
600 292 52 1.320 4.254 0.7198 0.941 0.02931 0.881
350 223 40 1.283 6.975 0.7291 0.965 0.05065 0.988
159 157 28 1.244 14.693 0.7382 0.984 0.10834 1.213
0 0 0 1.075 0.7892 2.039
Gravity of residual oil = 35.1 API @ 60 F
1
Volume of gas at the standard conditions per volume of residual oil.
2
Volume of oil at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of oil at the standard conditions.
3
Volume of oil plus liberated gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of residual oil at the standard conditions.
4
Volume of gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume at the standard conditions.
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 15





Multistage Separation Test
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 16





Multistage Separation Test
Separator
Pressure (psig)
Gas oil ratio
(SCF/bbl)
1

Gas oil ratio
(SCF/STB)
2

Stock-tank oil gravity
(API at 60 F)
Formation
Volume
factor
(vol/vol)
3

Separator
volume
factor
(vol/vol)
4

Specific
gravity of
flashed gas
50 to 0
715 737 1.031 0.840
41 41 40.5 1.481 1.007 1.338
100 to 0
637 676 1.062 0.786
91 92 40.7 1.474 1.007 1.363
200 to 0
542 602 1.112 0.732
177 178 40.4 1.483 1.007 1.329
300 to 0
478 549 1.148 0.704
245 246 40.1 1.495 1.007 1.286
1
GOR per barrel of oil at indicated pressure and temperature.
2
GOR per barrel of stock-tank oil at 60 F.
3
FVF per barrel of stock-tank oil at 60 F.
4
Separator oil volume factor per barrel of stock-tank oil at 60 F.
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 17





Multistage Separation Test
760
765
770
775
780
785
790
795
800
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Pressure (psig)
G
O
R

(
S
C
F
/
S
T
B
)
1.450
1.455
1.460
1.465
1.470
1.475
1.480
1.485
1.490
1.495
1.500
O
i
l

F
V
F

(
v
o
l
/
v
o
l
)
GOR (SCF/STB)
FVF
40.0
40.1
40.2
40.3
40.4
40.5
40.6
40.7
40.8
40.9
41.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Pressure (psig)
S
t
o
c
k
-
t
a
n
k

o
i
l

g
r
a
v
i
t
y

(

A
P
I
)
Oil gravity
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 18





GAS CONDENSATE PVT ANALYSES
Recombined Wellstream Compositional Analysis
(CA)
Constant Composition Expansion (CCE) (Flash
vaporization test)
Constant Volume Depletion (CVD)
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 19





Constant Composition Expansion
Pressure (psig) Relative volume (V/V
sat
)
3
Z
4
Volume of Retrograde liquid (%)
5

7975 0.9395 1.2866 0.00
7540 0.9599 1.2429 0.00
7250 0.9765 1.2158 0.00
7183
1
0.9787 1.2074 0.00
7105 0.9826 1.1991 0.00
6960 0.9935 1.1876 0.00
6822
2
1.0000 1.1718 0.00
6743 1.0068 1.1660 0.30
6598 1.0174 1.1530 0.82
6380 1.0312 1.1302 1.73
6090 1.0550 1.1039 2.92
5655 1.0971 1.0661 4.79
5075 1.1687 1.0120 7.18
4495 1.2632 0.9764 9.40
3915 1.3959 0.9401 11.02
3335 1.5841 0.9094 12.40
2610 1.9773 0.8894 13.15
1
Initial reservoir pressure
2
Saturation pressure at reservoir temperature
3
V
sat
= volume of fluid at saturation pressure and reservoir temperature
4
Z=PV/nRT (n total number of moles)
5
(Volume of retrograde liquid at indicated pressure / total volume at saturation pressure)*100
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 20





Constant Composition Expansion
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000
Pressure (psig)
R
e
l
a
t
i
v
e

V
o
l
u
m
e

(
V
/
V
s
a
t
)
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
L
i
q
u
i
d

v
o
l
u
m
e

(
%
)
Relative volume (V/Vsat)
Volume of Retrograde liquid (%)
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 21





Constant Volume Depletion
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 22





Constant Volume Depletion
Pressure (psig) Cumulated production (%)
Specific gravity of
produced gas
Z
Volume of
Retrograde liquid
(%)
7975 0.00 0.943 1.2866 0.00
7540 0.00 0.943 1.2429 0.00
7250 0.00 0.943 1.2158 0.00
7183 0.00 0.943 1.2074 0.00
7105 0.40 0.943 1.1991 0.00
6960 1.51 0.943 1.1876 0.00
6822 2.17 0.943 1.1718 0.00
5800 9.67 0.889 1.0767 4.31
4930 17.66 0.845 1.0056 7.53
3915 29.89 0.797 0.9479 10.18
3045 42.90 0.760 0.9176 11.28
2030 60.29 0.737 0.9171 11.32
1160 76.17 0.728 0.9476 10.49
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 23





Constant Volume Depletion
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
Pressure (psig)
C
o
n
d
e
n
s
a
t
e

D
r
o
p
-
o
u
t

(
%
)
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 24





Constant Volume Depletion
RESERVOIR ROCK AND FLUID PROPERTIES PETE 216 25





Constant Volume Depletion