Scribd
Upload
188 views

WWW Nexuslearning Net Books Ml-Geometry Chapter4 ML Geometry Chapter 4 Review-Test

Uploaded by

api-232613595
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
188 views

WWW Nexuslearning Net Books Ml-Geometry Chapter4 ML Geometry Chapter 4 Review-Test

Uploaded by

api-232613595
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Page 1 of 5

CHAPTER

Chapter Summary
WHY did you learn it?
Lay the foundation for work with triangles. Find the angle measures in triangular objects, such as a wing deflector. (p. 200) Analyze patterns, such as those made by the folds of an origami kite. (p. 208) Learn to work with congruent triangles. Explain why triangles are used in structural supports for buildings. (p. 215) Understand how properties of triangles are applied in surveying. (p. 225) Prove that right triangles are congruent. Plan and write coordinate proofs. Prove that triangular parts of the framework of a bridge are congruent. (p. 234) Develop understanding of geometric constructions. Apply a law from physics, the law of reflection.
(p. 241)

WHAT did you learn?


Classify triangles by their sides and angles. (4.1) Find angle measures in triangles. (4.1) Identify congruent figures and corresponding parts. (4.2) Prove that triangles are congruent using corresponding sides and angles. (4.2) using the SSS and SAS Congruence Postulates. (4.3) using the ASA Congruence Postulate and the AAS Congruence Theorem. (4.4) using the HL Congruence Theorem. (4.6) using coordinate geometry. (4.7) Use congruent triangles to plan and write proofs.
(4.5)

Prove that constructions are valid. (4.5) Use properties of isosceles, equilateral, and right triangles. (4.6)

How does Chapter 4 fit into the BIGGER PICTURE of geometry?


The ways you have learned to prove triangles are congruent will be used to prove theorems about polygons, as well as in other topics throughout the book. Knowing the properties of triangles will help you solve real-life problems in fields such as art, architecture, and engineering.
STUDY STRATEGY

How did you use your list of theorems?


The list of theorems you made, following the Study Strategy on page 192, may resemble this one.

Remembering Theorems
Theorem 4.4 Properties of Con gruent Triangles
B C D F J L K E

1. Reflexive ABC ABC 2. Symmetric If ABC DEF, then DEF ABC. 3. Transitive If ABC DEF and DEF JKL, then ABC JKL.

251

Page 2 of 5

CHAPTER

4
VOCABULARY

Chapter Review

equilateral triangle, p. 194 isosceles triangle, p. 194 scalene triangle, p. 194 acute triangle, p. 194 equiangular triangle, p. 194 right triangle, p. 194

obtuse triangle, p. 194 vertex of a triangle, p. 195 adjacent sides of a triangle, p. 195 legs of a right triangle, p. 195 hypotenuse, p. 195

legs of an isosceles triangle, p. 195 base of an isosceles triangle, p. 195 interior angle, p. 196 exterior angle, p. 196 corollary, p. 197

congruent, p. 202 corresponding angles, p. 202 corresponding sides, p. 202 base angles, p. 236 vertex angle, p. 236 coordinate proof, p. 243

4.1

TRIANGLES AND ANGLES


EXAMPLES

Examples on pp. 194197

You can classify triangles by their sides and by their angles.

equilateral

isosceles

scalene

acute

equiangular

right

obtuse

Note that an equilateral triangle is also isosceles and acute. You can apply the Triangle Sum Theorem to find unknown angle measures in triangles. mA + mB + mC = 180 x + 92 + 40 = 180 x + 132 = 180 x = 48 mA = 48
In Exercises 14, classify the triangle by its angles and by its sides. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Triangle Sum Theorem Substitute. Simplify. Subtract 132 from each side. A x B 92 40

5. One acute angle of a right triangle measures 37. Find the measure of the other

acute angle.
6. In MNP, the measure of M is 24. The measure of N is five times the measure

of P. Find mN and mP.

252

Chapter 4 Congruent Triangles

Page 3 of 5

4.2

CONGRUENCE AND TRIANGLES


EXAMPLE When two figures are congruent, their corresponding sides and corresponding angles are congruent. In the diagram, ABC XYZ.
C B A X Y Z

Examples on pp. 202205

Use the diagram above of ABC and XYZ. 7. Identify the congruent corresponding parts of the triangles. 8. Given mA = 48 and mZ = 37, find mY.

4.3 & 4.4

PROVING TRIANGLES ARE CONGRUENT: SSS, SAS, ASA, AND AAS


EXAMPLES

Examples on pp. 212215, 220222

You can prove triangles are congruent using congruence postulates and theorems.
E K N M

A B F

JK MN , KL NP, JL MP , so JKL MNP by the SSS Congruence Postulate.

DE AC, E C, and EF CB, so DEF ACB by the SAS Congruence Postulate.

Decide whether it is possible to prove that the triangles are congruent. If it is possible, tell which postulate or theorem you would use. Explain your reasoning. 9.
N R T M q S

10.

U V Y X W Z

11.

4.5

USING CONGRUENT TRIANGLES


EXAMPLE

Examples on pp. 229231

You can use congruent triangles to write proofs.


q R S P

GIVEN PQ PS , RQ RS PROVE PR QS

Plan for Proof Use the SSS Congruence Postulate to show that PRQ PRS.

Because corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent, you can conclude that PRQ PRS. These angles form a linear pair, so PR QS.

Chapter Review

253

Page 4 of 5

4.5 continued

SURVEYING You want to determine the width of a river beside a camp. You place stakes so that MN NP , PQ NP , and C is the midpoint of NP . 12. Are MCN and QCP congruent? If so, state the postulate or

P q

theorem that can be used to prove they are congruent.


13. Which segment should you measure to find the width of the river?

4.6

ISOSCELES, EQUILATERAL, AND RIGHT TRIANGLES


To find the value of x, notice that ABC is an isosceles right triangle. By the Base Angles Theorem, B C. Because B and C are complementary, their sum is 90. The measure of each must be 45. So x = 45.
EXAMPLE
A

Examples on pp. 236238

Find the value of x. 14.


2x 3 17 x
Examples on pp. 243246

15.
x 72

16.
4x 2 3x 3

17.
x 35

4.7

TRIANGLES AND COORDINATE PROOF


EXAMPLE You can use a coordinate proof to prove that OPQ is isosceles. Use the Distance Formula to show that OP QP.
y

P (2, 3)
1

0 ) + (3 0 ) = 1 3 OP = (2
2 2

QP = (2 4 )2 + (3 0 )2 = 1 3 Because OP QP, OPQ is isosceles.


O (0, 0)

(4, 0)

18. Write a coordinate proof.


GIVEN Coordinates of vertices of

A (h, h)

B (2h, h)

OAC and BCA


PROVE OAC BCA
x

O (0, 0)

C (h, 0)

254

Chapter 4 Congruent Triangles

You might also like